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As the number of global environmental problems is increasing day by day, one of the courses given in environmental education, which is gaining importance, is social studies. In this context, environmental education in social studies gains importance, as well. From this point of view, this research aims to determine the views of social studies teachers about environmental education given through social studies curriculum and textbooks. The research was conducted with a phenomenological design, one of the qualitative research designs. The study group of the research consisted of 8 social studies teachers working in schools affiliated with the Ministry of National Education of Türkiye (MoNE) in the fall semester of 2021-2022. The study data were collected with a semi-structured interview form prepared by the researcher. The obtained data were analysed by the descriptive analysis method. According to the research findings, social studies teachers are of the opinions below: the emphasis on the sustainability principle of environmental education in the curriculum is low, it is insufficient in terms of achievements and is not suitable for the level, however, it is sufficient in terms of skills. In addition, the textbooks are far from actuality, and especially at the 5th-grade level, the visualization is insufficient. While the applied-based education approach is mostly adopted in environmental education, it has been emphasized that the most important problem in the realization of environmental education is the procedure. Teachers suggested the practice and activity-based education approach and environmentalist content.

The purpose of this study is to look into primary school teacher candidates' experiences with virtual museums during the pandemic. For this purpose, the study was conducted with a phenomenology design, which is one of the qualitative research designs. The study's participants are 15 teacher candidates enrolled in the faculty of education for the 2020-2021 academic year. In the study, data were collected after 10 virtual museums were experienced by the participants, who made assessments from an educational perspective. The research data were collected through a structured interview form, the Virtual Museum Evaluation Form (VMEF). The data obtained were analyzed with content analysis. According to the findings of the study, it was determined that using virtual museums in educational environments will benefit students and teachers, but also have some disadvantages. At this point, it can be said that virtual museums can be used in education due to such reasons as ensuring the active participation of students in the lesson, supporting permanent learning, making the lesson fun, etc. while being aware of the disadvantages.

In this research, Entrepreneurship and STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics) activity has been established to the gifted secondary school students and to show their applicability. Entrepreneurship and STEM will be shortened as E-STEM. The activity of Colors was implemented at Inönü University Scientific and Technological Research Center (ISTRC) Laboratories and Inönü University Faculty of Fine Arts with gifted secondary school students. In the study, 14 gifted secondary school students were trained for a week based on the ESTEM approach. The students generated solutions to the problem statuses that were given to them using the components of science, technology, mathematics, engineering and entrepreneurship for a week. They developed products with a higher added-value by combining their imagination and creativity, and implemented studies to commercialize their products. The students designed their prototypes in three groups and then developed their designs by examining the dimensions of art and marketing. When examining the answers given by the students to open-ended questions in the activity evaluation form, it was determined that they thought that the E-STEM oriented activity developed their knowledge and skills in the areas of science, technology, mathematics, engineering, entrepreneurship and art.

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Although the women's rights movement has made various gains in recent years, there are many negative attitudes toward women and their rights in Turkey. This study aimed to examine the relationship between dispositional system-justifying motives and tendency to support women's rights and to test the mediating role of sexist attitudes in this relationship. A total of 530 Turkish adults participated in the online study, with a mean age of 26.20 years (SD = 5.56). The results show that people with high system justification motivation (including dispositional system-justifying motives, high death anxiety, low need for cognition, and high need for recognition) indicated stronger ambivalent sexism toward women (including hostile and benevolent sexist attitudes). In turn, people with ambivalent sexist attitudes had less willingness to support women's rights (considering attitudes toward women's disadvantaged position in society and awareness and support for the Istanbul Convention). Public Significance Statement: The current research has revealed the variables associated with the lack of support for women's rights in Turkey, focusing on the role of dispositional system-justifying motives and ambivalent sexist attitudes. The study findings may be useful for policymakers seeking to increase public support for policies that protect women's rights. Social scientists, news media, and the public interested in gender issues in Turkish society can also benefit from the findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: We aimed to evaluate the sleep characteristics of children born preterm and the relationship between these characteristics and parental sleep quality. Material and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the parents of children born preterm were administered the Child Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Results: The study included 89 children born preterm with a current mean age of 38.7±55 months. According to the CSHQ, 95.5% of children had a sleep disorder. According to the PSQI, 48.9% of the mothers, 35.3% of the fathers had poor sleep quality. Maternal and paternal total PSQI scores were significantly correlated (r=0.373, p=0.030). In regression analysis of factors that may affect total CSHQ score, sleep disorder was found to be associated with low maternal education, hemiplegia, no smoking in the home (p=0.001, p<0.001and p<0.001 respectively). When factors that may affect total PSQI score were examined by regression analysis, the odds of poor sleep quality were 5.5 times higher in mothers with a high education level, 4 times higher in mothers with a history of multiple pregnancy (p=0.006 and p=0.027). Conclusion: Our study revealed a high rate of sleep disorder in children with a history of preterm birth and high rates of poor sleep quality among their parents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Influenced by the uprising against the oppressive regime in Tunisia. Syria has gone through a civil war which resulted in more than 3.6 million registered Syrian refugees seeking shelter in Ttukey since 2011 due to fear of their own safety. This sudden and unorganized mass movement has caused tensions between the local people in Ttukey and Syrian refugees, creating an enviioiunent for intergroup conflicts. It is well known by the literature that the attitude of local people towards refugees has a major role on the mentioned intergroup relationships as well as on the success of refugees’ adaptation into society. The ptupose of this study is to identify the negative attitudes towards refugees in Ttukey, and to examine the mediating role of the perceived threat level caused by the refugees in the relationship of ethnic and political identification and negative attitudes. This online study had a total of 526 (368 females and 158 males) university students at undergraduate level as participants between the ages 18-33 (Af = 22.36. SD = 3.26). According to the findings of the structural equation model testing, the individuals who identify themselves with Turkish identity and right-wing political orientations have perceived higher degr ee of realistic and symbolic threats due to Syrian refugees living hi Ttukey, which resulted in their having stronger negative emotions and negative stereotypes against the Syrian refugees and reducing them quality of contact with them. The findings of the study are expected to be of use to researchers who work on the subject of immigration. as well as professionals who develop and implement social policies related to these topics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background/aim: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is the most common congenital viral infection. Although most children with congenital CMV (approximately 85%–90%) are asymptomatic at birth, findings such as sensorineural hearing loss, microcephaly, and neurodevelopmental retardation can be observed during the follow-up. Among the brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of CMV are white matter abnormalities, polymicrogyria, and periventricular calcification. Since a definitive diagnosis of congenital CMV cannot be made after the neonatal period, the identification of the associated phenotype is diagnostically important, but data are limited in patients who have been retrospectively diagnosed with congenital CMV infection. The aim of this study was to evaluate the short- and long-term neurological follow-up results of congenital CMV infections in a tertiary hospital. Materials and methods: The neurological results of fifteen patients under the age of 18 years, who had a definitive diagnosis of congenital CMV infection and were followed up in a tertiary care hospital between 2011 and 2020, were retrospectively evaluated. Results: Ten of the patients in our study group were male. The mean age at presentation for neurological evaluation was 2.02 ± 1.54 months, with a median follow-up time of 36.3 months (range: 9.3–129.4 months). Neurological disorders detected during the long-term follow-up included cerebral palsy (46.7%), cognitive impairment (46.7%), epilepsy (40%), and sensorineural hearing loss (26.7%). The most common abnormality observed on MRI scans was white matter involvement (53.3%). Conclusion: Early diagnosis and intervention are crucial in congenital CMV infection, as it commonly results in neurological involvement among the patients in our series. This preventable condition warrants further research regarding prenatal/neonatal screening. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research aims to reveal the problems experienced in returning to education after the earthquake in the provinces declared disaster areas and the solutions for the problems. For this purpose, the research was carried out within the scope of phenomenology, one of the qualitative research designs. The research group consisted of nine teachers working in Kahramanmaraş, Gaziantep, Hatay, Malatya and Adıyaman provinces of Türkiye. The sample of the research was determined according to the maximum diversity of purposeful sampling types. Data in the research were collected online with a semi-structured interview protocol. Content analysis technique was used in the analysis of the obtained data. The research findings are grouped under three themes: problems experienced, solutions produced, and suggestions. While the problems experienced by the teachers were examined under the titles of not being able to meet basic needs and being anxious, the problems experienced by the students were examined under the titles of transportation and absenteeism. The solutions produced were examined under the headings of establishing one-to-one communication with students, organizing activities for harmony and bonding, and providing academic support to ensure equality of opportunity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Neurological complications are among the main causes of mortality and morbidity in antenatal infections. Data on the long-term outcomes of infants exposed to severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in the antenatal or neonatal period are limited. This study aimed to investigate potential neurological complications in children with antenatal or neonatal exposure to SARS-CoV-2. Method: In this prospective cross-sectional study, infants and toddlers with a history of antenatal or neonatal SARS-CoV-2 exposure underwent neurological evaluation by a pediatric neurologist. Results: Of 31 children (19 males, median age 9.3 months) included in the study, maternal coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) diagnosis was made in the first trimester of pregnancy in 1, the second trimester in 3, and the third trimester in 25 children. Two children were diagnosed with COVID-19 in the neonatal period, and 3 children with maternal COVID-19 diagnosis during pregnancy were also diagnosed with COVID-19 neonatally. On neurological examination, hypotonia and motor/social delays were observed in 1, microcephaly in 2, and macrocephaly in 1 child. Of the 8 children evaluated with magnetic resonance imaging, 1 had findings consistent with Joubert syndrome and the others were normal. All infants passed the standard auditory brainstem response test. The only ocular abnormalities detected were retinopathy of prematurity (stage 3) in 1 infant and poor eye contact and object tracking in the child with Joubert syndrome. Conclusion: Our study suggests that neurological development is mostly favorable in infants and toddlers exposed to SARS-CoV-2 in the antenatal or neonatal period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: This study aimed to review the characteristics and outcomes of children with congenital heart disease requiring tracheostomy after cardiac surgery. Methods: Medical records of 65 out of 2814 consecutive patients who required tracheostomy after congenital heart surgery between March 2018 and March 2023 were retrospectively reviewed. Outcomes such as hospital survival, long-term survival, and weaning from positive pressure ventilation were elucidated. Results: During the 5-year period, a total of 65 of 2814 (2.3%) patients required tracheostomy in the pediatric intensive care unit after surgery. The median patient age was 5 (range, 0.6–24) months and the median weight was 4.3 kg (range, 3.3–11). A total of 23 (35.5%) patients demonstrated a single-ventricle physiology while 42 (64.5%) patients manifested with biventricle physiology. A total of 11 (16.9%) patients were syndromic, including Down syndrome in 6 patients, Di George syndrome in 3 patients, and Williams syndrome in 2 patients. In the whole cohort (65 patients), the mean time to tracheostomy from cardiac surgery was 30±16 days. In-hospital mortality was noted in 20 of the patients (30.8%) who underwent tracheostomy. Twenty-six patients (40%) were decannulated and discharged without a tracheostomy, and 14 patients (22%) were discharged with a tracheostomy cannula and home-type mechanical ventilator (HMV). Conclusion: Tracheostomy is a viable option for pediatric patients with prolonged mechanical ventilation after heart surgery for congenital heart disease. It creates an opportunity to discharge patients on HMV, if repeated attempts of extubation and decannulation fail, albeit with potential risks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: The use of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) in pediatric patients during open-heart surgery is associated with excessive inflammation, fluid leakage, and end-organ dysfunction. To reduce these effects, various ultrafiltration (UF) techniques are utilized. In this study, we aimed to compare the effect and early outcomes of modified UF (MUF) and conventional UF (CUF) in infants undergoing pediatric cardiac surgery. Methods: A total of 232 infants who underwent open-heart surgery with CPB between February 2018 and January 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. Fifty-six patients weighing ≤15 kg with a history of any UF technique use were included. Patients were stratified into CUF (n=23) and MUF (n=33) groups. Preoperative patient characteristics and intraoperative and postoperative outcomes were recorded. Results: The MUF group had a lower patient size (height, weight, and body surface area), with no statistical difference. Intraoperative parameters (CPB and cross-clamp time) and prime solution components were similar between groups. MUF significantly shortened the mechanical ventilation (MV) time (p=0.048) in contrast to intensive care unit stay, which showed no significant difference. Conclusion: In our series, we demonstrated that the MV duration was shorter in the MUF group, which is consistent with prior literature. Additionally, although the lower weight of the patients in the MUF group showed no statistical significance, early hemodynamic effect and low mortality in this group support the potential benefits of MUF. With its cost-efficiency and early benefits, MUF is an effective UF method with a good safety profile, especially in low-weight infants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]