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[Objective] The study aimed to find out the effects of different straw returning methods on soil physical and chemical properties and corn growth in Ningxia Yanghuang irrigation area. [Method] Six straw returning methods were set up; straw crushing and half-volume returning (QR), straw crushing and rolling. It also separates returning field (QM) , full-mulching returning field (QM) , straw smashing and rolling half-volume returning (HIT), straw smashing and rolling hall-quantitv is also separated from returning field (HG) , half-mulching returning field (HM). The straw was not returned to the field (CK) as a control to study its effects on soil bulk density, moisture, nutrients, corn growth and yield. [Result] The results showed that the soil bulk density of 0—40 cm layer was lower than that of the control under different straw returning methods, and the total porosity increased significantly. Under different treatments, the soil water storage with QM treatment in llieo - 100 cm layer at each growth period was the best, which was significantly increased by 18.7 % compared with CK. The other treatments were higher than the control at the late growth stage, but the difference was not significant. The content of soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, alkali nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium in the 0-40 cm layer of maize treatment increased in different stages during the late growth stage, and the QR treatment showed the best, which w'as increased by 13. 1 % , 9.4 % , 15.7 % , 40.9 % , 21.4 % , compared with the control, respectively. The QR treatment significantly promoted corn growth, and its average plant height, stem diameter and aboveground biomass significantly increased by 16.4 % , 17.5 % and 15.9 % , respectively. Maize grain yield with QR was the highest, which was significantly increased by 21.3 % compared with CK, followed by QG, HR, and HG treatments, which were significantly increased by 19. 9 %, 15. 7 %, and 11. 8 %, respectively, compared with CK. However, there were no obviously differences among the QM, HM and CK treatments. [Conclusion] Through one year of preliminary study, we found that the use of straw smashing and half-volume returning (QR) in Yanghuang irrigation area of Ningxia can effectively lertilize the soil, promote corn growth, and increase corn yield. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

【Objective】 This paper aimed to study the mechanism of the effect of high temperature during tuber formation on potato starch formation.【Method】 The test was designed using a single factor randomized block design with 3 treatments[ room temperature treatment(T1):(25±2)°C, local natural temperature(T2):(29 ±2)°C, and high temperature treatment(T3):(35 ±2)°C. In the potato tuber formation stage, the total starch, amylopectin and amylose content of tubers, ADPG-PPase, GBSSase, SSSase and SBEase activity, as well as yield and composition factors, were determined in the early, middle and late stages of potato tuber formation, tuber expansion, major starch accumulation and ripening harvest. 【Result】Compared with T1 treatment, T3 reduced total starch content, linear and amylopectin content by 33.70 %, 7.85 % and 35.88 %, respectively; T3 treatment of starch formation key enzymes ADPG-PPase, GBSSase, SSSase, SBEase activity than that of T1 decreased by 32.24 %, 27.90 %, 16.11 % and 42.74 %, respectively; Through path analysis, the effects of key enzymes of potato starch formation on starch formation in different growth stages were different.(i) High temperature was not conducive to the formation of potato tuber starch;(ii) High temperature during tuber formation reduced the activity of potato starch forming enzymes ADPG-PPase, GBSSase, SSSase and SBEase;(iii) The effect of high temperature on tuber production during the tuber formation period reached a significant level, reducing its economic benefits. 【Conclusion】The low temperature during potato tuber formation was conducive to the formation of potato tubers and the accumulation of starch in the later stage, which would provide a theoretical basis for the high-yield and high-efficiency cultivation and breeding of potato in the rain-fed areas of southern Ningxia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]