Pulmonary nodules are lung imaging manifestations that lack typical respiratory symptoms, such as cough, expectoration, asthma, et al. In the evaluation of the efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in the treatment of pulmonary nodules, it is difficult to use the symptom-based TCM pattern score evaluation system. It is necessary and urgent to establish a TCM clinical efficacy evaluation system for pulmonary nodules. Following the authoritative guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary nodules in China and abroad, this paper summarizes and puts forward an evaluation of the clinical efficacy of TCM for pulmonary nodules on the basis of a large number of clinical research practices. This evaluation method takes the total effective rate as the main efficacy index, that is, comprehensively considering the change rate of cross-sectional area and (or) diameter change, and malignant sign change, the efficacy is divided into five levels: cured, significantly efficacious, effective, stable, and deteriorating, and the total effective rate (%)= (cured cases + significantly efficacious cases + effective cases) / total cases × 100%. Secondary efficacy indexes include average diameter change, average cross-sectional area change, risk conversion rate, malignant probability change calculated by Mayo model. The evaluation period is 3 and 6 months. In short, the establishment of a multi-dimensional efficacy evaluation system based on changes in nodule diameter or cross-sectional area is conducive to providing standardized, systematic and high-level evidence for clinical research on the treatment of pulmonary nodules with TCM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]