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Subject. The article considers applied and theoretical aspects of economic dynamics of high-tech product creation in government scientific and technological programs and projects. Objectives. The aim is to develop universal methodological and economic-mathematical tools to manage economic dynamics at the stages of substantiation, formation, and implementation of scientific and technological programs and plans for high-tech product creation, taking into account its specifics and various risks in the current military, political, and economic situation in the world. Methods. The paper rests on comprehensive analysis of theoretical concepts and current trends in economic dynamics, together with applied aspects of economic dynamics of high-tech product creation in State scientific and technological programs and projects, and employs the systems and synergetic approach. Results. The integrated approach enabled to create a basic ontological model for studying applied aspects of economic dynamics. Using the model, we developed: an endogenous model of economic dynamics in joint planning of creation and use of existing, developed, and future products; methodological principle of multi-level representation and evaluation of economic dynamics, the algorithm of its practical use and areas of application. We consider the substantiation and practical use of this principle to be among the most important results of the study of applied aspects of economic dynamics. Conclusions. The findings can be used to design scientific and technological programs and projects for various purposes, determine ways and means of sustainable innovative and technological development of the country, ensure defense and national security of the Russian Federation.

Subject. The article addresses the economic dynamics of complex systems at the stages of government programs development, and its analysis as a multi-level and multi-stage cyclic non-equilibrium process. Objectives. The purpose is to devise universal methodological tools for analyzing the economic dynamics to ensure its sustainability in the current geopolitical and economic situation in the world. Methods. The study employs the method of program-based and goal-oriented planning to create and develop complex systems for various purposes. The methodology rests on the theory of self-organization, in respect of the entropic approach to non-equilibrium processes as a new paradigm of analytical study of the economic dynamics of complex systems at the stages of State programs development. Results. Based on the entropic approach, we constructed a cyclic model that reflects a multi-level and multi-stage process of the formation of economic dynamics. Using the latter, we formulated new theoretical and practical provisions, including a technology for the formation of sustainable economic dynamics, which rests on parametric and criteria passports. The paper describes the content of the proposed passports and gives examples of their practical use for the sustainability of the economic dynamics of complex systems, considering possible risks in the development of government programs. We established that the stability of economic dynamics is ensured by joint substantiation of the parametric and criteria passports, which, taken together, are presented as a law of the formation of stable economic dynamics. This provision is among the most important results of the study of economic dynamics, which has a theoretic and applied nature. Conclusions. The findings can be used to develop scientific and technological programs and different-purpose projects, identify ways and means of sustainable innovative and technological development of the country, ensure defense and national security of the Russian Federation.

INTRODUCTION: Achievement of a sustained remission in patients with substance dependence syndrome is the main criterion of the quality of narcological treatment and a priority treatment task. The article presents a review of factors that influence remission in patients with mental and behavioral disorders resulting from use of psychoactive substances. Studies performed in the recent 15 years, consider the main five groups of factors for development and failure of remission: biological (gender, age, genetic parameters, organic lesions of the brain, etc.), narcological (course of the disease, age at the first use of a drug), personality and pathopsychological (cognitive disorders, comorbid mental disorders, mental trauma, etc.), social (employment, family and social situation, social support, etc.) and therapeutic factors (duration and methods of treatment, therapeutic alliance, etc.).. CONCLUSION: There are basic factors of favorable prognosis of the course of narcological diseases that are confirmed from study to study: late onset of the disease, absence of a comorbid dependence syndrome and of a severe mental disorder, involvement in long-term treatment and rehabilitation programs that continue after remission.

To achieve high results in sports, both motor and cognitive skills are important. However, the formation of cognitive components of sports activity can be influenced by personality traits, for example, such a multidimensional trait as perfectionism. The aim of the research was to determine the relationship between various parameters of perfectionism and the cognitive component of skill in sports. The study involved 311 athletes aged 14 to 32 years (M = 19.5; SD = 2.03). The following instruments were used in the study: The Sport Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale 2 and The Three-Factor Questionnaire of Perfectionism (for diagnosing perfectionism); Questionnaire of Metacognitive Involvement in Activities (for diagnosing metacognitive involvement); and The Mental Image Inventory in Sports (to determine the frequency of using mental images). It has been shown that the athletes with more pronounced perfectionism are able to better understand and evaluate their performance; they can more accurately notice mistakes and more often use mental images in the training process. Also, as a result of a series of regression analyzes, it has been found that such parameters of perfectionism as “high personal standards” and “regime organization” affect the frequency of using cognitive and motivational images, as well as metacognitive involvement in the activities of the athletes who took part in the study. Thus, perfectionism has a significant impact on various parameters of the cognitive component of skill development, which in turn can affect the performance of an athlete in training and competition.

Currently, modern research methods such as computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging have been introduced into the medical and diagnostic practice of large hospitals. These research methods are used almost everywhere for the diagnosis of various injuries, and their results, together with the medical documents of the victims, law enforcement officials, and courts provide state forensic medical expert institutions for the production of forensic medical examinations. The study of computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging results allows solving expert questions in examinations and studies of living persons. The article presents a case from expert practice demonstrating the possibility of establishing the morphology and localization of stab-cut injuries, number of traumatic effects, and direction of wound channels using the results of in vivo computed tomography and three-dimensional modeling. In the described expert case, initially, in the submitted medical documents, data were contradictory about the number, localization and mechanism of formation of wounds. To eliminate existing contradictions, the scars on the victims body and results of a computed tomography upon admission were examined. For a more complete visualization of external injuries, a three-dimensional model of the victims body was recreated from computed tomography data. The results of computed tomography and three-dimensional modeling made it possible to clearly recreate the picture of the victims injuries and answer questions about the mechanism and conditions of their infliction. The described case demonstrates the possibilities of expert research and new methodological approaches to solving forensic problems, which is currently quite relevant, since virtopsia has been actively developing in forensic medicine in recent years. The proposed research techniques applied to a corpse with stab wounds will make it possible to more accurately visualize the direction and shape of the wound canal.

Charge and orbital ordering, magnetic state, and exchange couplings in quasi-one-dimensional vanadate V6O13, a potential cathode material for Li-ion batteries, are investigated using the density functional theory with Coulomb interaction correction method (DFT + U). While the difference between $${{t}_{{2g}}}$$ orbital occupancies of V4+ (with a nominal $$3{{d}^{1}}$$ electronic configuration) and V5+ ions is large and gives direct evidence for charge and orbital ordering, the screening is so effective that the total $$3d$$ charge disproportionation is rather small. Our results show that the occupied $${{t}_{{2g}}}$$ states of V4+ ions in the single V–V layer form a spin-singlet molecular orbital, while the rest half of V4+ ions in the structurally distinct double V–V layers order antiferromagnetically in the low-temperature insulating phase of V6O13. We conclude that the metal-insulator transition and low-temperature magnetic properties of V6O13 involve the spin-Peierls transition assisted by orbital ordering and concomitant distortions of the crystal structure.

Subject. This article deals with the issues related to the systemic risk of banking ecosystems and its impact on financial stability. Objectives. The article aims to define the risk of banking ecosystems and identify areas to improve the regulation of banking ecosystems within the framework of ensuring financial stability. Methods. For the study, we used the methods of comparative, logical and conceptual analyses, expert assessment, and heuristic modeling. Results. The article defines the systemic risk of banking ecosystems as a systemic risk of loss of financial stability, the main sources of loss of which are credit institutions using the ecosystem model of banking. It identifies specific sources and reveals the main stages of the spread of systemic risk in banking ecosystems. The article also presents the author-developed proposals for improving regulation in terms of establishing criteria for attributing banking ecosystems to systemically important credit organizations. Conclusions and Relevance. The importance to manage the systemic risk of banking ecosystems is growing in the context of the spread of the ecosystem model of banking. The implementation of the author-developed proposals for improving regulation will contribute to the sustainable functioning of the financial system in terms of providing liquidity and forming prices for financial assets. The results of the study can serve as a theoretical basis for the development of measures by central banks in the field of ensuring financial stability, as well as be used by credit institutions that implement an ecosystem model of banking.

BACKGROUND: Currently, issues of establishing the fact of a person wounded by a firearm through a specific type of obstacle or due to a ricochet, as well as the identification of the obstacle material, have not been practically studied. AIMS: To establish the fact and features of materials of multilayer and combined barriers (triplex, combined barrier made of keremogranite and foam concrete) transferred by a firearm when fired with 5.4539 cartridges from a special shortened Kalashnikov assault rifle MATERIAL AND METHODS: Shots were fired through various types of obstacles using a biological simulator of the human body from a 5-m distance. All experiments were recorded using high-speed video shooting with a Sony RX0 video camera having a frequency of 1000 frames/s. Bullets and their fragments that are extracted from the bullet trap or biological target tissues, after appropriate processing, were examined using a Leica M125 microscope, a Hitachi FlexSem 1000 II scanning electron microscope, and a Bruker Quantax 80 energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer. RESULTS: Light microscopy of the firearms that overcame the obstacle revealed the presence of a characteristic bullet deformation when it breaks through each type of the studied obstacle. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersion analysis (EDX) revealed the presence of overlays of barrier particles in each case on the entire surface of both deformed bullets and fragments of their shells and cores. CONCLUSION: The conducted experimental study revealed SEM/EDX as a reliable method to establish the fact of a gunshot wound of a person through a barrier of multilayer and combined materials.

In work it is presented that application of infusional therapy for patients with heavy traumatic shock at a prehospital stage is not only pathogenetic expedient, but also authentically reasonable component of antishock treatment. It is revealed that the most effective option of volemichesky compensation at patients with heavy traumatic shock at pre-hospital and hospital stages of treatment is application sterofundin isotonic and 4% the modified gelatin.

BACKGROUND: Law enforcement agencies look for the presence of an obstacle between the human body and the muzzle of a firearm at the time of the shot when assigning forensic medical examination of a firearm injury. Imported particles removed from the corpse, a skin flap, or damaged clothing could be sent for a laboratory examination. CASE PRESENTATION: Here, we present a case from expert practice which demonstrates the possibility of establishing the presence of barrier particles on surrounding objects in the case of a gunshot injury caused to a person. In the given case, detecting the fragments of an obstacle (triplex ― the windshield of a car) played a leading role in proving the suspects involvement in the incident under investigation. Described are the violations of an expert method of particle removal (in one case only, the material obtained from the clothing was placed on a special carbonic adhesive tape during a targeted search of micro overlays) and evaluation of the obtained data which contributed to incorrect findings in the experts conclusion. Experts of the Federal State-Owned Institution 111 Main State Center for Medical and Forensic Examinations conducted a re-examination of the above-stated objects, as well as experimental target shooting with similar weapons through a similar barrier. Presented are the possibilities of modern scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersion analysis, which allow not only to establish the presence of barrier particles on surrounding objects but also to identify the signs of gunshot damage inflicted upon a human body and clothing, identify the destroyed projectile particles, and establish the elemental composition of all the detected microparticles. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated the methodological gaps in establishing the existence of a passage of a firearm projectile through an obstacle in the case of a gunshot injury. The methods for identifying the fragments of a firearm projectile and particles of an obstacle, which we are currently developing, are aimed at solving this problem by improving the corresponding research methods in forensic medicine and science.

Artificialis intelligentia (inferius – AI) an active evolvere agro scientia, quae est iam esse successfully implemented in usu. In discutit partes AI exsecutionem in socialis sphaera. Autem, dictum notat quod prospere exsequendam hoc technicae potest facere, non solum eventus. Passum AI progressionem exigit augeri attentionem ad exitus AI ethicorum, et causa penes est unum ex multis ethica pericula oriuntur, cum usura ratio, quae fundatur in AI. In hoc nexu, auctores nota, quod prioritizing ethica viasque AI gravis gradus impenderunt securitatem praestat, et crescentes gradus recognitionem hoc technology. Sed, notandum quod quaedam vacuum formavit circa ethica exitibus AI hodie. Auctores nota, quod non est, patet responsio ad plures quaestiones, quomodo ad invigilandum, aequalis occasiones omnes users AI-substructio vitae, quomodo ad invigilandum, ut AI progreditur transparently. Ergo, auctores articulus hortamur, ut operam ad hoc, quod AI est a technology, efficens usum, quae pendet summus qualitas disciplina, constans et iudicium, et quidem ethica firmamentum secundum inclusive adventu.

Aim. To improve diagnostics and screening of prostate cancer to ensure early detection of malignant tumors.Materials and methods. We analyzed the population size and structure in the region in 2005–2010. The primary diagnostics of prostate cancer in regional healthcare institutions allowed the detection of locally advanced tumors and generalized cancer. Such diagnostic approaches can produce only accidental diagnosis since they lack proper systematization, organization, and control.Results. We have developed and implemented into clinical practice a long-term Program for Prostate Cancer Early Diagnosis and Screening. It includes a diagnostic algorithm for prostate cancer that was modified for clinical use. Screening starts with the PSA blood test performed annually. Patients with PSA level >10 ng/mL should undergo additional diagnostic procedures. The Program implies active use of currently available information technologies to implement a unified routing scheme for cancer patients, execute measures for early cancer diagnosis, and warrant promptness and reliability of the cancer registry.Conclusion. Implementation of the long-term Program for Prostate Cancer Early Diagnosis and Screening will help to improve prostate cancer diagnosis, and, therefore, treatment outcomes.

Background. Prostate cancer (PCa) is an actual disease and a frequent oncological pathology in men. The main methods of radical treatment of patients with PCa are radical prostatectomy and radiation therapy. Radical prostatectomy s the most commonly used method of therapy in patients with localized PCa. Adjuvant hormone therapy after surgical treatment is the standard method of therapy in patients with the presence of lymph node metastases. At the same time, the standard approach of treatment of patients with metastatic PCa is combination therapy with medical (using of analogues or antagonists of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) or surgical castration in combination with chemotherapy with docetaxel or new generation antiandrogens (enzalutamide or apalutamide)). Numerous studies have demonstrated the importance of achieving minimum testosterone levels at all stages of drug therapy in patients with PCa. It has also been shown that the use of LHRH analogues may be less effective to the use of LHRH antagonists (degarelix) in relation to the effectiveness of testosterone suppression. Thus, conducting a study aimed at studying the effectiveness of testosterone suppression using LHRH antagonists in various clinical situations and patient populations in real clinical practice is a very actual task.Aim. To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of castration therapy using degarelix in real clinical practice and in various clinical situations.Materials and methods. The object of an observational non-interventional study was 132 patients with PCa from 13 cancer centers of Russian Federation who were treated with LHRH antagonist degarelix. The study was non-interventional (observational), retrospectively-prospective, open multicenter and not randomized. In accordance with the design of the study, depending on the clinical situation, patients were divided into 3 groups: group A (n = 52; 39.4 %) – patients with primary metastatic hormone-sensitive PCa, who were shown to undergo combined drug treatment with castration therapy as one of the components; group B (n = 43; 32.6 %) – patients, who underwent combined hormonal and radiation treatment (ADT + radiation therapy); group C (n = 37; 28 %) – patients who underwent surgical treatment (radical prostatectomy with extended PLND) with the presence of metastases in the lymph nodes identified by the results of a morphological examination (pN1).Results and conclusion. As a result of a non-interventional observational study, high efficacy of androgen-deprivation therapy with the use of degarelix was demonstrated in relation to the suppression of testosterone and PSA in patients with primary metastatic and locally advanced PCa in various clinical situations, as well as low toxicity and satisfactory tolerability of this variant of hormonal treatment.

The development of magnesium calcium phosphate bone cements (MCPCs) has garnered substantial attention. MCPCs are bioactive and biodegradable and have appropriate mechanical and antimicrobial properties for use in reconstructive surgery. In this study, the cement powders based on a (Ca + Mg)/P = 2 system doped with Zn2+ at 0.5 and 1.0 wt.% were obtained and investigated. After mixing with a cement liquid, the structural and phase composition, morphology, chemical structure, setting time, compressive strength, degradation behavior, solubility, antibacterial activities, and in vitro behavior of the cement materials were examined. A high compressive strength of 48 ± 5 MPa (mean ± SD) was achieved for the cement made from Zn2+ 1.0 wt.%-substituted powders. Zn2+ introduction led to antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli strains, with an inhibition zone diameter of up to 8 mm. Biological assays confirmed that the developed cement is cytocompatible and promising as a potential bone substitute in reconstructive surgery.

The development of magnesium calcium phosphate bone cements (MCPCs) have garnered big attention. MCPCs are bioactive and biodegradable and have appropriate mechanical and antimicrobial properties for use in reconstructive surgery. In this study, the cement powders based on a (Ca + Mg)/P = 2 system doped with Zn2+ at 0.5 and 1.0 wt.% were obtained and investigated. After the mixing with a cement liquid, structural and phase composition, morphology, chemical structure, setting time, compressive strength, degradation behavior, solubility, antibacterial activities, and in vitro behaviour of the cement materials were examined. A high compressive strength of 48 ± 5 MPa (mean ± SD) was achieved for the cement made from Zn2+ 1.0-wt.%-substituted powders. The Zn2+ introduction led to antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli strains, with an inhibition zone diameter up to 8 mm. Biological assays confirmed that the developed cements are cytocompatible and promising as a potential bone substitute in reconstructive surgery.

Hand-foot-and-mouth disease (HFMD) is the most common enteroviral infection in South-East Asia. When evaluating the role of enterovirus 71 (EVA71) as an etiological agent of infectious disease in South Vietnam, we revealed a high proportion of EVA71 among identified species A enteroviruses found in 3542 samples from HFMD cases; 125 samples from cases of enteroviral meningitis; and 130 samples from acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) cases. These represent 50%, 54.8%, and 51.5%, respectively. According to molecular analysis, 90% of EVA71 were attributed to genotype C4 and 10% were attributed to genotype B5. The predominance of EVA71 circulation among the population proves the need to strengthen surveillance (with monitoring of enterovirus circulation for facilitation of HFMD outbreak prediction) and to increase the effectiveness of preventative measures by the implementation of vaccination against EVA71-associated infections. A phase III trial of a Taiwanese vaccine (EV71vac) in Taiwan and South Vietnam showed its safety, tolerability, and efficacy in children aged 2–71 months. This B4 genotype-based vaccine, which features cross-protection against B5 and C4 genotypes, and other existing EV71 vaccines can serve as a good approach to solving the HFMD problem, which is so important for Vietnam.

The interaction of warm-blooded organisms with the environment is always reflected in the homeostatic equilibrium of metabolic processes. The dynamics of redox processes occurring in the body is primarily reflected in hematological indices. The aim of the investigation was to study reactive changes of morphological and biochemical blood composition in rats against the background of quercetin load. Objectives: to analyze the dynamics of morphological and biochemical composition of animal blood at the background of intragastric loading with quercetin in the form of oil solution during 30 days. The study was performed on 80 white mongrel male rats weighing 190-210 g, which were divided equally into control (intact) and experimental groups. The study of reactive changes in the morphological and biochemical composition of the blood of rats under the influence of quercetin was conducted in the dynamics before the experiment, as well as on 1, 3, 5, 7, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 days of experiment. It was found that against the background of additional loading with oil solution of quercetin in rats there were reactive changes in the morphological composition of the blood, which are reflected in the increased number of red blood cells, concentration of hemoglobin and leucocytes within the physiological norm, as well as changes in the biochemical composition of the blood, expressed in increased concentration of albumin and decreased concentration of albumin fractions in the rats of the experimental group compared with intact animals.

In the article actual methodical direction – use of problem training in a course of physics is considered. If now this direction is guided by movement "from a problem to knowledge", the author offers as an educational technique to take movement "from representation about a principle of action of the technical device" to "comprehension in him of functions of physical processes" and to "mastering of knowledge about physical processes ". Concerning technical devices the new concept "polymovment" is entered. It occurs from "poly" – much, and "movement" – to move and means such samples of engineering or technology, in which some subsystems using the simultaneously different forms of movement work. The separate illustrations of the physical phenomena in the plan of studing are poorly effective, as have single character and are connected to isolated examples. By more effective from the point of view the mastering of knowledge, is illumination of the interconnected phenomena, which display a principle of action polymovment of the technical device. Use of the offered approach puts forward on the foreground of training an especially practical problem – understanding of principles of action of concrete samples of engineering and the ability of the schoolboys them is qualified to interpret in language of a physical science.

Our team has developed a number of phantoms suitable for advanced training of ultrasound diagnostic doctors, as well as testing their knowledge and skills. Phantoms are made of durable materials and can be considered analogues of foreign commercial models. The materials used allow modeling different levels of echogenicity, rigidity, and they can be given clinically realistic shapes. Our phantoms are applicable for practicing the skills of ultrasound diagnostics in gray scale and elastographic modes, for taking a biopsy sample, as well as for solving research problems.

BACKGROUND: When conducting forensic and medico-criminalistic examinations in cases of gunshot injury, when establishing the possible relative position of the shooter and the victim, the direction of the release of fragments of the obstacle, its particles and the projectile is of great expert importance. The effect of projectile trajectory normalization by forensic experts has not been previously described - in the literature available to us there are only indications of changes in the projectile trajectory when breaking through an obstacle. Little knowledge of the topic, the lack of scientific developments on this study for more than 50 years prompted us to conduct an experimental study. AIMS: Study of the deviation of the emission of particles of obstacles, represented by biological material (pig skin) and laminated glass (triplex). MATERIAL AND METHODS: A series of experimental shots were carried out with projectiles fired from a traumatic pistol Jorge and a carbine Saiga (a semi-shell bimetallic bullet with a lead core of a 5.4539 mm cartridge), it was noted that when breaking through both biological material and triplex glass located under angles of 4060 with respect to the line of sight, with a pre-obstruction distance of 1002001000 cm. Shots were fired from a distance of 12 m into a biological barrier, from 10 m ― into a triplex. The resulting damage was studied using visual, measuring, macroscopic, photographic analysis. RESULTS: The study showed that there is a discrepancy (change) in the trajectory of movement from the aiming line of secondary projectiles, which arose after the destruction of the barrier and the firearm, and its parts, formed as a result of the penetration of the barrier by a bullet. The deviation was fixed at a different value depending on the angle of inclination of the barrier. CONCLUSION: The results obtained can be taken into account when setting up various ballistic experiments, as well as in reconstructing the circumstances of the incident during forensic, medical-forensic and forensic ballistic examinations.

Background. Stance (or posture) is the fundamental posture of a hockey player, allowing him to perform various movements during training and playing processes. However, studies of postural balance of hockey players are scarce. Objective. Ye main aim of the study was to track a hockey player’s posture as well as to compare static postural characteristics of professional hockey players and novices. Sample. Ye study involved 22 male subjects (mean age 20±2.3 years), including 13 hockey players and 9 subjects who were new to hockey (mainly freestyle wrestlers). Ye professional level was assessed by the number of years of experience and by the presence of sports ranks. Ye average experience was 14.18±3.8 years. Ye sports ranks ranged from third junior category to Candidate Master. Method. A method for tracking the posture of a hockey player using the DTrack2 and SteamVR Tracking 2.0 systems was tested. Ye obtained results made it possible to compare the static characteristics of the stance in professional hockey players and novices based on the analysis of changes in the knee and hip joint angles, as well as changes in the position of the head during performing the task of maintaining the stand for 5 minutes (Leonov, Polikanova, Kruchinina et al., 2021). Results. Analysis of movements with the DTrack2 system and the SteamVR Tracking 2.0 system showed identical results, allowing further use of the SteamVR Tracking 2.0 system. Analysis of the positional tracking data showed that professional hockey players were characterized by a greater amplitude of oscillation (1–2 degrees) than novices (no more than 1 degree) when maintaining their stance. Professional hockey players are also characterized by a signiZcantly smaller amplitude of oscillation of the head position during performance of tasks. Qualitative analysis of changes in angles of knee and hip joints showed that professional hockey players, in contrast to beginners, have a higher and more stable amplitude of movement parameters [uctuations during the whole study, which in turn allows to optimize energy expenditure and provide better posture stabilization. Conclusion. Yus, the results of the study indicate the importance of correct head positioning in stabilizing the postural balance of a hockey player. For posture maintenance, the hip strategy of postural balance maintenance, associated with a greater amplitude of hip joint oscillation, is the most optimal.