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Background Patients with Epstein–Barr virus-positive gastric cancers or those with microsatellite instability appear to have a favourable prognosis. However, the prognostic value of the chromosomal status (chromosome-stable (CS) versus chromosomal instable (CIN)) remains unclear in gastric cancer. Methods Gene copy number aberrations (CNAs) were determined in 16 CIN-associated genes in a retrospective study including test and validation cohorts of patients with gastric cancer. Patients were stratified into CS (no CNA), CINlow (1–2 CNAs) or CINhigh (3 or more CNAs). The relationship between chromosomal status, clinicopathological variables, and overall survival (OS) was analysed. The relationship between chromosomal status, p53 expression, and tumour infiltrating immune cells was also assessed and validated externally. Results The test and validation cohorts included 206 and 748 patients, respectively. CINlow and CINhigh were seen in 35.0 and 15.0 per cent of patients, respectively, in the test cohort, and 48.5 and 20.7 per cent in the validation cohort. Patients with CINhigh gastric cancer had the poorest OS in the test and validation cohorts. In multivariable analysis, CINlow, CINhigh and pTNM stage III–IV (P < 0.001) were independently associated with poor OS. CIN was associated with high p53 expression and low immune cell infiltration. Conclusion CIN may be a potential new prognostic biomarker independent of pTNM stage in gastric cancer. Patients with gastric cancer demonstrating CIN appear to be immunosuppressed, which might represent one of the underlying mechanisms explaining the poor survival and may help guide future therapeutic decisions.

This article treats critical literature reviews as a distinct review type, and presents a critique of author-labeled critical literature reviews in Organization and Management Studies. We identify and problematize 275 review articles that claim to critically review a body of literature and find that most to not deliver on this claim. Many critical literature reviews do not adequately explain what is meant by “critical” and are highly uncritical in their execution. We reveal the following two significant problems: lack of construct clarity and a prevailing “group, re-present, and summarize” approach. We also identify 19 exemplary critical literature reviews—those that exhibit judgment about the literature they cover. These are drawn from across the onto-epistemological spectrum, so include works from within both the positivist and interpretivist traditions. We propose a “Call for Action” aimed at authors, reviewers, and editors to increase critical literature reviews’ quality and impact. We enhance the long tradition within Management Learning for improving scholarship and focus on a skill all academics are required to learn, exercise, and demonstrate—to conduct high-quality literature reviews.

The last decade has seen a very gradual change at a local network level in the methods used to collect data from Highways Infrastructure Assets, how to manage and operate Assets, a change in the way those Assets are used, and the way they are maintained and constructed. This change is largely driven by digital technology improvements. This evolution has also created uncertainty around Highways Asset Management processes. The sector is now at a point where there is an imminent requirement for transition from “Traditional” to “Intelligent” styles of Asset Management. While the strategic network operators have been invested in this transformation for some time, Local Road operators are being left behind. In this paper TRL identifies some of the key actions required for local highways managers to successfully achieve this transition to digital, and in so doing realise the benefits of the digital evolution of highways Asset Management. Dr Sukalpa Biswas and Dr Alex Wright touch on the factors influencing the changes, identify the novel technologies having the greatest impact, and set out five essential steps for Asset owners to consider on their journey to Intelligent Asset Management. This is accompanied by specific practical actions required of each type of stakeholder (Asset Owners, Technology & Software Providers, Standards & Legislative Authorities).

The 2nd annual Health Equity Summer Research Summit organized by the Center of Excellence (COE) in Health Equity, Training and Research, Baylor College of Medicine (BCM), was a forum to catalyze the fertilization and exchange of cutting-edge ideas in the area of disparity research in medicine. The summit fosters understanding of current health equity research, training, clinical care, and outreach initiatives, in addition to offering an opportunity for connecting with allies and partners working in the field of health equity and health disparities. The summit provides opportunities for our COE Scholars (undergraduate/post-baccalaureate students and Baylor medical students, clinical fellows and junior faculty) to showcase their research findings which are reflective of their past year's endeavor as scholars at the center. Abstracts in this Book of Abstracts represent a summary of these research efforts. With this summit, BCM continues to build on its long history of educational outreach initiatives to promote diversity in medicine by focusing on programs aimed at increasing the number of diverse and highly qualified medical professionals ready to introduce effective and innovative approaches to reduce or eliminate health disparities. These programs will improve information resources, clinical education, curricula, research and cultural competence as they relate to minority health issues and social determinants of health.

We survey Mirzakhani's work relating to Riemann surfaces, which spans about 20 papers. We target the discussion at a broad audience of non-experts.

Introduction Trauma remains a leading cause of death worldwide. In the UK, data for trauma patients are prospectively collected locally and collated by the Trauma Audit and Research Network. This study assesses and describes the subgroup of patients who triggered a trauma call but who subsequently did not meet criteria for Trauma Audit and Research Network. Methods A single centre, retrospective observational study of trauma calls between 1 June 2012 and 31 August 2018 was performed, determining which trauma calls had been submitted to Trauma Audit and Research Network by cross referencing with the submission database. Data were tested for normality (Shapiro–Wilk test) and appropriate statistical tests employed to determine differences between inclusion and non-inclusion groups. For categorical data, we used Chi-squared tests to examine for differences. Results There were 6529 trauma calls and over half (3837 (58.8%)) were not registered on Trauma Audit and Research Network. Patients excluded were significantly younger (mean 42.4 years SD 19.2) than those who met inclusion criteria (mean 50.3 years, SD 21.8), p 2 m (8.1% versus 12.7%, p Discussion Patients who trigger a trauma call but who subsequently do not meet the criteria for Trauma Audit and Research Network inclusion place a significant burden on healthcare provision. To our knowledge this is the first investigation to specifically explore this group of at-risk patients. To enable medical planners a more accurate view of activity on the ‘shop floor’, particularly in reference to knife crime injuries we ask the question as to whether a separate database should now be held of trauma calls?

This theoretical essay argues that management learning and education (MLE) is fundamentally accomplished by communication. Specifically, we utilize a Communication as Constitutive of Organization perspective to advance MLE as fundamentally a communicational accomplishment, which we label ‘Communication as Constitutive of Learning and Education’. We focus on authority in the sense that all classroom conversations are authored, showing that the educator who faces the students is but one of many participants authoring classroom conversations. Authority becomes an emergent claim on action shaped by multiple interrelating texts that compete to influence practice. Classroom practice thus is a site of ventriloquial authority: when someone or something is made to speak in a specific way by a present or distant other that makes a difference for a conversational trajectory. We argue that management classrooms are replete with ventriloquial authority and that this is consequential for what educators teach and what students learn. We support our argument by illustrating ventriloquial authority in the classroom through the use of textbooks and visual media. We end with a “Call to Action” for educators to appreciate communication’s constitutive quality and to rethink how authority acts in MLE. Postprint

Background Insecticidal mosquito vector control products are vital components of malaria control programmes. Test facilities are key in assessing the effectiveness of vector control products against local mosquito populations, in environments where they will be used. Data from these test facilities must be of a high quality to be accepted by regulatory authorities, including the WHO Prequalification Team for vector control products. In 2013–4, seven insecticide testing facilities across sub-Saharan Africa, with technical and financial support from Innovative Vector Control Consortium (IVCC), began development and implementation of quality management system compliant with the principles of Good Laboratory Practice (GLP) to improve data quality and reliability. Methods and principle findings We conducted semi-structured interviews, emails, and video-call interviews with individuals at five test facilities engaged in the IVCC-supported programme and working towards or having achieved GLP. We used framework analysis to identify and describe factors affeting progress towards GLP. We found that eight factors were instrumental in progress, and that test facilities had varying levels of control over these factors. They had high control over the training programme, project planning, and senior leadership support; medium control over infrastructure development, staff structure, and procurement; and low control over funding the availability and accessibility of relevant expertise. Collaboration with IVCC and other partners was key to overcoming the challenges associated with low and medium control factors. Conclusion For partnership and consortia models of research capacity strengthening, test facilities can use their own internal resources to address identified high-control factors. Project plans should allow additional time for interaction with external agencies to address medium-control factors, and partners with access to expertise and funding should concentrate their efforts on supporting institutions to address low-control factors. In practice, this includes planning for financial sustainability at the outset, and acting to strengthen national and regional training capacity.

An autoethnography is offered of a head of an academic department and middle manager writing a strategic plan he did not believe was necessary or would have any beneficial effects on colleagues within the department. The notion of the reluctant strategist is offered. What strategy work do such actors undertake? Reluctant strategists write strategic plans as defensive texts. Defensive texts, I explain, are authored and structured to repel deeper engagement and questioning; to ensure that they are successful, they act through presenting their content as authoritatively assured. Strategy work in organizations is advanced as an affective accomplishment. In writing strategic plans, strategists are sensorially affected by their relational encounters, moving them to act. This personal account of strategy work shows that strategists are not just senior managers, middle managers or strategy consultants; they are affected actors who can be confused, sceptical, full of doubt and who can resist.

Drawing on the experience of members of the Association of Commonwealth Universities’ Climate Resilience Network, and the initial work of the “Transforming Universities for a Changing Climate” project lead by UCL/IOE, this session will examine: how the climate emergency impacts on the operation of universities in vulnerable settings, what strategies are being deployed to develop models for a climate resilient university, and how this informs the work of universities in developing resilience and adaptation strategies in their communities.

Let Gamma < PSL_2(C) be discrete, cofinite volume, and noncocompact. We prove that for all K > 1, there is a subgroup H < Gamma that is K-quasiconformally conjugate to a discrete cocompact subgroup of PSL_2(R). Along with previous work of Kahn and Markovic, this proves that every finite covolume Kleinian group has a nearly Fuchsian surface subgroup., v2: Final prepublication version

The face is a significant locus of power upon which judgements concerning a person’s status, worth and attractiveness are made. This study contributes to knowledge of facial norms’ shifting performative power in daily organizing, theorizing facial beauty as a communicatively constituted authoritative text. We achieve this through blending Butlerian and communication as constitutive of organization (CCO) theorizing. This allows us to enrich understandings of power and performativity’s necessarily entangled and co-constitutive unfolding, as we trace how a normative understanding of facial beauty becomes more and/or less performatively powerful through embodied-textual processes. Our theorizing is generated from an ethnography of a UK cosmetics firm and demonstrates how facial beauty functions as a (figurative) authoritative text that corporealizes, subjectivizes, and is resisted by makeup artists within a confluence of (concrete) text and conversation. We show how through communicative, citational and embodied processes of corporealization, regulation and subjection, everyday performances like makeup applications become performatively powerful on the ground level of interaction. Further, returning authoritative texts to their original figurative formulation uncovers something of how their transformative power shapes organizing’s ongoing accomplishment.

Laser standoff Instrumentation has been developed to measure surface reflectivity of UV-aged bitumen at four specific mid-IR wavelengths. Preliminary measurements reveal heterogeneity across individual bitumen samples and an overall trend with bitumen age.

We prove that the orbit closure of the unfoldings of the (3,4,13)-triangle is a previously unknown 4-dimensional variety, by using a Hurwitz space of covers with monodromy in a certain solvable group of order 400.

We show that any totally geodesic submanifold of Teichmuller space of dimension greater than one covers a totally geodesic subvariety, and only finitely many totally geodesic subvarieties of dimension greater than one exist in each moduli space., Comment: Final copy; very minor revisions

(CAP) are transforming activities across the UK construction sector. CAP offers potential in a wide range of applications, for example: remote collection of data for design; geofencing of plant operation; semi-autonomous extraction and movement of materials; offsite and robotic construction. However, this transformation presents a challenge to the sector. The introduction of CAP technology lacks a unified approach. Practice differs across construction sites and between clients. As a result, CAP deployment varies significantly across sites and information flow between organisations is slow. The industry is developing a strong understanding of the potential presented by CAP, with exciting examples of new technology being applied in practice. However, the community is concerned over the pace and practicality of implementing new methods, in context of the current approach to commissioning and delivering construction projects. Because there is no clear direction to encourage the use of CAP, the industry must bear all the risks of investing in new systems. These investments are made in an environment where there’s a lack of certainty about the capability of the technology, and a lack of clarity about the risks, liabilities and acceptability of its use. What does the Roadmap describe? The Roadmap has been developed collaboratively with over 75 organisations. Questionnaires and workshops identified the actions required to overcome technical, business and legislative challenges affecting successful delivery of the vision. The Roadmap brings these together in nine workstreams, each focusing on key areas identified by stakeholders. These workstreams would be delivered in parallel through industry-wide collaboration.

We consider the derivative \begin{document}$ D\pi $\end{document} of the projection \begin{document}$ \pi $\end{document} from a stratum of Abelian or quadratic differentials to Teichmüller space. A closed one-form \begin{document}$ \eta $\end{document} determines a relative cohomology class \begin{document}$ [\eta]_\Sigma $\end{document}, which is a tangent vector to the stratum. We give an integral formula for the pairing of \begin{document}$ D\pi([\eta]_\Sigma) $\end{document} with a cotangent vector to Teichmüller space (a quadratic differential). We derive from this a comparison between Hodge and Teichmüller norms, which has been used in the work of Arana-Herrera on effective dynamics of mapping class groups, and which may clarify the relationship between dynamical and geometric hyperbolicity results in Teichmüller theory.

It is established that radiation forces can be used to transport ultrasound contrast agents, particularly for molecular imaging applications. However, the ability to model and control this process in the context of therapeutic ultrasound is limited by a paucity of data on the translational dynamics of encapsulated microbubbles under the influence of longer pulses. In this work, the translation of individual microbubbles, isolated with optical tweezers, was experimentally investigated over a range of diameters (1.8–8.8 μm, n = 187) and pressures (25, 50, 100, 150, and 200 kPa) with millisecond pulses. Data were compared with theoretical predictions of the translational dynamics, assessing the role of shell and history force effects. A pronounced feature of the displacement curves was an effective threshold size, below which there was only minimal translation. At higher pressures (≥150 kPa) a noticeable structure emerged where multiple local maxima occurred as a function of bubble size. The ability to accurately capture these salient features depended on the encapsulation model employed. In low Reynolds number conditions (i.e., low pressures, or high pressures, off-resonance) the inclusion of history force more accurately fit the data. After pulse cessation, bubbles exhibited substantial displacements consistent with the influence of history effects.It is established that radiation forces can be used to transport ultrasound contrast agents, particularly for molecular imaging applications. However, the ability to model and control this process in the context of therapeutic ultrasound is limited by a paucity of data on the translational dynamics of encapsulated microbubbles under the influence of longer pulses. In this work, the translation of individual microbubbles, isolated with optical tweezers, was experimentally investigated over a range of diameters (1.8–8.8 μm, n = 187) and pressures (25, 50, 100, 150, and 200 kPa) with millisecond pulses. Data were compared with theoretical predictions of the translational dynamics, assessing the role of shell and history force effects. A pronounced feature of the displacement curves was an effective threshold size, below which there was only minimal translation. At higher pressures (≥150 kPa) a noticeable structure emerged where multiple local maxima occurred as a function of bubble size. The ability to accur...

We construct a smooth, area preserving, mixing flow with finitely many nondegenerate fixed points and no saddle connections on a closed surface of genus 5 5 . This resolves a problem that has been open for four decades.

Road infrastructure asset management is rapidly transforming into a digital environment where data accessibility, effective integration and collaboration and accessibility from different sources and assets are key. However, current asset management processes are not yet fully integrated or linked, and there are incompatibilities between various systems and platforms that limit the ability to integrate asset management with BIM. The CoDEC project has sought to understand the current status of information management for assets, including inventory, condition and new data sources such as sensors and scanning systems, to identify the challenges and needs for linking and integrating different data sets to support effective asset management. As a result, CoDEC has developed a data dictionary framework to help link/integrate static and dynamic data for the “key” infrastructure assets (road pavements, bridges, tunnels). This will enable BIM and Asset Management Systems (AMS) to exchange data and help optimise and integrate data management across systems and throughout the different asset lifecycle phases, from build to operation. This work will be followed up with three pilot projects to demonstrate the feasibility of integrating asset data from various sources through linked data/semantic web technology to build the connection between AMS and BIM platforms.

The face is a significant locus of power upon which judgements concerning a person’s status, worth and attractiveness are made. This study contributes to knowledge of facial norms’ shifting perform...

One significant problem organization and management theory (OMT) faces is a dearth of new emergent theories. This issue is approached in a novel manner. This paper presents a critical review of the...

This article contributes to theory development through advancing an embodied framing of organizational routines. It addresses the absence of bodies in a literature that tends to treat the “people” involved in organizational routines as disembodied actors. One consequence of this is that progress toward a theory of “routines as practices” has tended to ignore how bodies contribute to their unfolding. Theorizing embodied communicative acts brings the body and embodiment into organizational routines research. Existing knowledge is extended by drawing from multiple empirical illustrations to explain how routines are accomplished when power is exercised through gesture and bodily movement, the spaces where routines unfold cohere with human bodies making a difference in how they are constituted and experienced, and, the routineness of routines is made manifest when mutual intelligibility is discerned in the silences that characterize how embodied actors interrelate.