Search

Author names in bibliographic databases often suffer from ambiguity owing to the same author appearing under different names and multiple authors possessing similar names. It creates difficulty in associating a scholarly work with the person who wrote it, thereby introducing inaccuracy in credit attribution, bibliometric analysis, search-by-author in a digital library and expert discovery. A plethora of techniques for disambiguation of author names has been proposed in the literature. In this article, we focus on the research efforts targeted to disambiguate author names specifically in the PubMed bibliographic database. We believe this concentrated review will be useful to the research community because it discusses techniques applied to a very large real database that is actively used worldwide. We make a comprehensive survey of the existing author name disambiguation (AND) approaches that have been applied to the PubMed database: we organise the approaches into a taxonomy; describe the major characteristics of each approach including its performance, strengths, and limitations; and perform a comparative analysis of them. We also identify the datasets from PubMed that are publicly available for researchers to evaluate AND algorithms. Finally, we outline a few directions for future work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Accurate and selective detection of target gas/volatile organic compounds (VOCs) is of utmost importance. The chemiresistive gas sensors have been a desirable candidate due to their compact footprint and ease of fabrication, but they show poor selectivity. This work presents a combination of nanomaterials-based chemiresistive gas sensors with machine learning (ML) techniques to achieve sensitive, selective, and quantified detection of tested VOCs. The sensor array consists of four separate sensing layers over interdigitated electrodes-based platform. The sensing materials were comprised of silver, gold, palladium, and platinum nanoparticles decorated on tin oxide hollow-sphere structures which were successfully synthesized through chemical routes and characterized accordingly. Surface decoration of different metal nanoparticles has produced sensitive and diverse sensing patterns among the tested VOCs. The sensing mechanism and related gas sensing kinetics were then analyzed to explain high sensitivity and diverse sensing phenomena. The subsequent incorporation of ML models has resulted in qualitative and quantitative detection of VOCs. A comparative analysis was carried out among different types of applied features and ML models with reasoning. Particularly, a deep neural network (DNN) model with time series (TS) response sequence as input information, delivered the best performance. The DNN_TS model presented an average classification accuracy of 98.33 %, in conjunction with excellent concentration prediction. The DNN_TS model showed a very fast prediction time of 2.74 µs with adaptive learning while utilizing minimum computing resources, which favors the real-time sensing capability. The reported results promote the development of an autonomous, smart, and selective gas sensor system for real-time applications. [Display omitted] • Metal nanoparticles decorated SnO 2 hollow-spheres based gas sensor array was employed. • Excellent and diverse sensing response pattern was observed for the tested VOCs. • The issue of selectivity was addressed using soft computing tools. • Applied deep learning model effectively classify and quantify among the tested VOCs. • Comparative analysis was done among different input features engaged with ML models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, a pseudo-relevance feedback (PRF)–based framework is presented for effective query expansion (QE). As candidate expansion terms, the proposed PRF framework considers the terms that are different morphological variants of the original query terms and are semantically close to them. This strategy of selecting expansion terms is expected to preserve the query intent after expansion. While judging the suitability of an expansion term with respect to a base query, two aspects of relation of the term with the query are considered. The first aspect probes to what extent the candidate term is semantically linked to the original query and the second one checks the extent to which the candidate term can supplement the base query terms. The semantic relationship between a query and expansion terms is modelled using bidirectional encoder representations from transformers (BERT). The degree of similarity is used to estimate the relative importance of the expansion terms with respect to the query. The quantified relative importance is used to assign weights of the expansion terms in the final query. Finally, the expansion terms are grouped into semantic clusters to strengthen the original query intent. A set of experiments was performed on three different Text REtrieval Conference (TREC) collections to experimentally validate the effectiveness of the proposed QE algorithm. The results show that the proposed QE approach yields competitive retrieval effectiveness over the existing state-of-the-art PRF methods in terms of the mean average precision (MAP) and precision P at position 10 (P@10). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]