5,277 results on '"Cases, A"'
Search Results
2. Brain Treebank: Large-scale intracranial recordings from naturalistic language stimuli
- Author
-
Wang, Christopher, Yaari, Adam Uri, Singh, Aaditya K, Subramaniam, Vighnesh, Rosenfarb, Dana, DeWitt, Jan, Misra, Pranav, Madsen, Joseph R., Stone, Scellig, Kreiman, Gabriel, Katz, Boris, Cases, Ignacio, and Barbu, Andrei
- Subjects
Quantitative Biology - Neurons and Cognition - Abstract
We present the Brain Treebank, a large-scale dataset of electrophysiological neural responses, recorded from intracranial probes while 10 subjects watched one or more Hollywood movies. Subjects watched on average 2.6 Hollywood movies, for an average viewing time of 4.3 hours, and a total of 43 hours. The audio track for each movie was transcribed with manual corrections. Word onsets were manually annotated on spectrograms of the audio track for each movie. Each transcript was automatically parsed and manually corrected into the universal dependencies (UD) formalism, assigning a part of speech to every word and a dependency parse to every sentence. In total, subjects heard over 38,000 sentences (223,000 words), while they had on average 168 electrodes implanted. This is the largest dataset of intracranial recordings featuring grounded naturalistic language, one of the largest English UD treebanks in general, and one of only a few UD treebanks aligned to multimodal features. We hope that this dataset serves as a bridge between linguistic concepts, perception, and their neural representations. To that end, we present an analysis of which electrodes are sensitive to language features while also mapping out a rough time course of language processing across these electrodes. The Brain Treebank is available at https://BrainTreebank.dev/, Comment: 36 pages, 17 figures; Accepted at NeurIPS Dataset and Benchmarks 2024
- Published
- 2024
3. Finding the convex hull of a set using the flow by minimal curvature with an obstacle. A game theoretical approach
- Author
-
Gonzálvez, Irene, Miranda, Alfredo, Rossi, Julio D., and Ruiz-Cases, Jorge
- Subjects
Mathematics - Analysis of PDEs ,53E10, 35D40, 35K65, 91A05 - Abstract
In this paper we look for the convex hull of a set using the geometric evolution by minimal curvature of a hypersurface that surrounds the set. To find the convex hull, we study the large time behavior of solutions to an obstacle problem for the level set formulation of the geometric flow driven by the minimum of the principal curvatures (that coincides with the mean curvature flow only in two dimensions). We prove that the superlevel set where the solution to this obstacle problem is positive converges as time goes to infinity to the convex hull of the obstacle. Our approach is based on a game-theoretic approximation for this geometric flow that is inspired by previous results for the mean curvature flow.
- Published
- 2024
4. Evaluation of the Let's Focus! (Posem el Focus) Socioeducational Intervention: Promoting Healthy and Equitable Relationships in High Schools
- Author
-
Lluís Forcadell-Díez, Vanesa Pérez-Martínez, Elisabeth Guitart, Belén Sanz-Barbero, Carmen Vives-Cases, María José López, Olga Juárez, and Glòria Pérez
- Abstract
Introduction: Gender-based violence is a worldwide problem. School-based socio-educational interventions could be effective in preventing gender-based violence. We assessed the effectiveness of the "Let's focus!" program, aimed at health and equitable interpersonal relationships among high school students. Methods: We conducted a quasi-experimental study in an intervention group (IG, n = 560) and a comparison group (CG, n = 366) of secondary school students in Terrassa, Spain between 2019 and 2021. Specifically, we performed an online questionnaire on sexism, acceptance of violence and machismo at baseline and after the intervention. We calculated multivariate linear regression models including satisfaction with the intervention, to evaluate the change in the variables' mean between CG and IG. Results: In comparison to the CG, in the IG hostile and benevolent sexism, and acceptance of violence decreased from baseline to after-intervention, in the group of participants highly satisfied with the intervention (42.4%); machismo did not vary. The multivariate regression analyses showed that the intervention was effective in reducing hostile sexism ([beta] = -6.40; CI95% (-11.92; -0.88)), benevolent sexism ([beta] = -5.57; CI95% (-10.52;-0.61)), and acceptance of violence ([beta] = -4.79; CI95% (-9.50; -0.09)) in highly satisfied students from the IG, in comparison to the ones from the CG, regardless of their age or gender. Discussion: Let's Focus! was effective in reducing sexism and decreasing acceptance of violence among students that were highly satisfied with the intervention.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Baba Is AI: Break the Rules to Beat the Benchmark
- Author
-
Cloos, Nathan, Jens, Meagan, Naim, Michelangelo, Kuo, Yen-Ling, Cases, Ignacio, Barbu, Andrei, and Cueva, Christopher J.
- Subjects
Computer Science - Computation and Language - Abstract
Humans solve problems by following existing rules and procedures, and also by leaps of creativity to redefine those rules and objectives. To probe these abilities, we developed a new benchmark based on the game Baba Is You where an agent manipulates both objects in the environment and rules, represented by movable tiles with words written on them, to reach a specified goal and win the game. We test three state-of-the-art multi-modal large language models (OpenAI GPT-4o, Google Gemini-1.5-Pro and Gemini-1.5-Flash) and find that they fail dramatically when generalization requires that the rules of the game must be manipulated and combined., Comment: 8 pages, 8 figures
- Published
- 2024
6. Revealing Vision-Language Integration in the Brain with Multimodal Networks
- Author
-
Subramaniam, Vighnesh, Conwell, Colin, Wang, Christopher, Kreiman, Gabriel, Katz, Boris, Cases, Ignacio, and Barbu, Andrei
- Subjects
Computer Science - Machine Learning ,Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence ,Computer Science - Neural and Evolutionary Computing ,Quantitative Biology - Neurons and Cognition - Abstract
We use (multi)modal deep neural networks (DNNs) to probe for sites of multimodal integration in the human brain by predicting stereoencephalography (SEEG) recordings taken while human subjects watched movies. We operationalize sites of multimodal integration as regions where a multimodal vision-language model predicts recordings better than unimodal language, unimodal vision, or linearly-integrated language-vision models. Our target DNN models span different architectures (e.g., convolutional networks and transformers) and multimodal training techniques (e.g., cross-attention and contrastive learning). As a key enabling step, we first demonstrate that trained vision and language models systematically outperform their randomly initialized counterparts in their ability to predict SEEG signals. We then compare unimodal and multimodal models against one another. Because our target DNN models often have different architectures, number of parameters, and training sets (possibly obscuring those differences attributable to integration), we carry out a controlled comparison of two models (SLIP and SimCLR), which keep all of these attributes the same aside from input modality. Using this approach, we identify a sizable number of neural sites (on average 141 out of 1090 total sites or 12.94%) and brain regions where multimodal integration seems to occur. Additionally, we find that among the variants of multimodal training techniques we assess, CLIP-style training is the best suited for downstream prediction of the neural activity in these sites., Comment: ICML 2024; 23 pages, 11 figures
- Published
- 2024
7. Trust in scientists and their role in society across 68 countries
- Author
-
Cologna, Viktoria, Mede, Niels G., Berger, Sebastian, Besley, John, Brick, Cameron, Joubert, Marina, Maibach, Edward W., Mihelj, Sabina, Oreskes, Naomi, Schäfer, Mike S., van der Linden, Sander, Abdul Aziz, Nor Izzatina, Abdulsalam, Suleiman, Shamsi, Nurulaini Abu, Aczel, Balazs, Adinugroho, Indro, Alabrese, Eleonora, Aldoh, Alaa, Alfano, Mark, Ali, Innocent Mbulli, Alsobay, Mohammed, Altenmüller, Marlene, Alvarez, R. Michael, Amoako, Richard, Amollo, Tabitha, Ansah, Patrick, Apriliawati, Denisa, Azevedo, Flavio, Bajrami, Ani, Bardhan, Ronita, Bati, Keagile, Bertsou, Eri, Betsch, Cornelia, Bhatiya, Apurav Yash, Bhui, Rahul, Białobrzeska, Olga, Bilewicz, Michał, Bouguettaya, Ayoub, Breeden, Katherine, Bret, Amélie, Buchel, Ondrej, Cabrera-Álvarez, Pablo, Cagnoli, Federica, Calero Valdez, André, Callaghan, Timothy, Cases, Rizza Kaye, Çoksan, Sami, Czarnek, Gabriela, De Peuter, Steven, Debnath, Ramit, Delouvée, Sylvain, Di Stefano, Lucia, Díaz-Catalán, Celia, Doell, Kimberly C., Dohle, Simone, Douglas, Karen M., Dries, Charlotte, Dubrov, Dmitrii, Dzimińska, Małgorzata, Ecker, Ullrich K. H., Elbaek, Christian T., Elsherif, Mahmoud, Enke, Benjamin, Etienne, Tom W., Facciani, Matthew, Fage-Butler, Antoinette, Faisal, Md. Zaki, Fan, Xiaoli, Farhart, Christina, Feldhaus, Christoph, Ferreira, Marinus, Feuerriegel, Stefan, Fischer, Helen, Freundt, Jana, Friese, Malte, Fuglsang, Simon, Gallyamova, Albina, Garrido-Vásquez, Patricia, Garrido Vásquez, Mauricio E., Gatua, Winfred, Genschow, Oliver, Ghasemi, Omid, Gkinopoulos, Theofilos, Gloor, Jamie L., Goddard, Ellen, Gollwitzer, Mario, González-Brambila, Claudia, Gordon, Hazel, Grigoryev, Dmitry, Grimshaw, Gina M., Guenther, Lars, Haarstad, Håvard, Harari, Dana, Hawkins, Lelia N., Hensel, Przemysław, Hernández-Mondragón, Alma Cristal, Herziger, Atar, Huang, Guanxiong, Huff, Markus, Hurley, Mairéad, Ibadildin, Nygmet, Ishibashi, Maho, Islam, Mohammad Tarikul, Jeddi, Younes, Jin, Tao, Jones, Charlotte A., Jungkunz, Sebastian, Jurgiel, Dominika, Kabdulkair, Zhangir, Kao, Jo-Ju, Kavassalis, Sarah, Kerr, John R., Kitsa, Mariana, Klabíková Rábová, Tereza, Klein, Olivier, Koh, Hoyoun, Koivula, Aki, Kojan, Lilian, Komyaginskaya, Elizaveta, König, Laura, Koppel, Lina, Koren Nobre Cavalcante, Kochav, Kosachenko, Alexandra, Kotcher, John, Kranz, Laura S., Krishnan, Pradeep, Kristiansen, Silje, Krouwel, André, Kuppens, Toon, Kyza, Eleni A., Lamm, Claus, Lantian, Anthony, Lazić, Aleksandra, Lecuona, Oscar, Légal, Jean-Baptiste, Leviston, Zoe, Levy, Neil, Lindkvist, Amanda M., Lits, Grégoire, Löschel, Andreas, López Ortega, Alberto, Lopez-Villavicencio, Carlos, Lou, Nigel Mantou, Lucas, Chloe H., Lunz-Trujillo, Kristin, Marques, Mathew D., Mayer, Sabrina J., McKay, Ryan, Mercier, Hugo, Metag, Julia, Milfont, Taciano L., Miller, Joanne M., Mitkidis, Panagiotis, Monge-Rodríguez, Fredy, Motta, Matt, Mudra, Iryna, Muršič, Zarja, Namutebi, Jennifer, Newman, Eryn J., Nitschke, Jonas P., Ntui, Ntui-Njock Vincent, Nwogwugwu, Daniel, Ostermann, Thomas, Otterbring, Tobias, Palmer-Hague, Jaime, Pantazi, Myrto, Pärnamets, Philip, Parra Saiani, Paolo, Paruzel-Czachura, Mariola, Parzuchowski, Michal, Pavlov, Yuri G., Pearson, Adam R., Penner, Myron A., Pennington, Charlotte R., Petkanopoulou, Katerina, Petrović, Marija B., Pfänder, Jan, Pisareva, Dinara, Ploszaj, Adam, Poliaková, Karolína, Pronizius, Ekaterina, Pypno-Blajda, Katarzyna, Quiñones, Diwa Malaya A., Räsänen, Pekka, Rauchfleisch, Adrian, Rebitschek, Felix G., Refojo Seronero, Cintia, Rêgo, Gabriel, Reynolds, James P., Roche, Joseph, Rödder, Simone, Röer, Jan Philipp, Ross, Robert M., Ruin, Isabelle, Santos, Osvaldo, Santos, Ricardo R., Schmid, Philipp, Schulreich, Stefan, Scoggins, Bermond, Sharaf, Amena, Sheria Nfundiko, Justin, Shuckburgh, Emily, Six, Johan, Solak, Nevin, Späth, Leonhard, Spruyt, Bram, Standaert, Olivier, Stanley, Samantha K., Storms, Gert, Strahm, Noel, Syropoulos, Stylianos, Szaszi, Barnabas, Szumowska, Ewa, Tanaka, Mikihito, Teran-Escobar, Claudia, Todorova, Boryana, Toko, Abdoul Kafid, Tokrri, Renata, Toribio-Florez, Daniel, Tsakiris, Manos, Tyrala, Michael, Uluğ, Özden Melis, Uzoma, Ijeoma Chinwe, van Noord, Jochem, Varda, Christiana, Verheyen, Steven, Vilares, Iris, Vlasceanu, Madalina, von Bubnoff, Andreas, Walker, Iain, Warwas, Izabela, Weber, Marcel, Weninger, Tim, Westfal, Mareike, Wintterlin, Florian, Wojcik, Adrian Dominik, Xia, Ziqian, Xie, Jinliang, Zegler-Poleska, Ewa, Zenklusen, Amber, and Zwaan, Rolf A.
- Published
- 2025
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Using Chronic Kidney Disease as a Model Framework to Estimate Healthcare-Related Environmental Impact
- Author
-
Garcia Sanchez, Juan Jose, Barraclough, Katherine A., Cases, Aleix, Pecoits-Filho, Roberto, Germond-Duret, Celine, Zoccali, Carmine, Embleton, Nina, Wright, Antony, Hubbert, Luke, Nicholson, Lindsay, Barone, Salvatore, Budgen, Nigel, Cabrera, Claudia, Selvarajah, Viknesh, and Eckelman, Matthew J.
- Published
- 2025
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Dynamic response of a ferromagnetic nanofilament under rotating fields: effects of flexibility, thermal fluctuations and hydrodynamics
- Author
-
Sánchez, Pedro A., Cerrato, Antonio, Cerdà, Joan J., Bona-Cases, Carles, Sintes, Tomás, and Massó, Joan
- Subjects
Condensed Matter - Soft Condensed Matter ,Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics - Abstract
Using nonequilibrium computer simulations, we study the response of ferromagnetic nanofilaments, consisting of stabilized onedimensional chains of ferromagnetic nanoparticles, under external rotating magnetic fields. In difference with their analogous microscale and stiff counterparts, which have been actively studied in recent years, nonequilibrium properties of rather flexible nanoparticle filaments remain mostly unexplored. By progressively increasing the modeling details, we are able to evidence the qualitative impact of main interactions that can not be neglected at the nanoscale, showing that filament flexibility, thermal fluctuations and hydrodynamic interactions contribute independently to broaden the range of synchronous frequency response in this system. Furthermore, we also show the existence of a limited set of characteristic dynamic filament configurations and discuss in detail the asynchronous response, which at finite temperature becomes probabilistic.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Positivity and asymptotic behaviour of solutions to a generalized nonlocal fast diffusion equation
- Author
-
de Pablo, Arturo, Quirós, Fernando, and Ruiz-Cases, Jorge
- Subjects
Mathematics - Analysis of PDEs ,35R11, 35K67, 35B09, 35B40 - Abstract
We study the positivity and asymptotic behaviour of nonnegative solutions of a general nonlocal fast diffusion equation, \[\partial_t u + \mathcal{L}\varphi(u) = 0,\] and the interplay between these two properties. Here $\mathcal{L}$ is a stable-like operator and $\varphi$ is a singular nonlinearity. We start by analysing positivity by means of a weak Harnack inequality satisfied by a related elliptic (nonlocal) equation. Then we use this positivity to establish the asymptotic behaviour: under certain hypotheses on the nonlocal operator and nonlinearity, our solutions behave asymptotically as the Barenblatt solution of the standard fractional fast diffusion equation. The main difficulty stems from the generality of the operator, which does not allow the use of the methods that were available for the fractional Laplacian. Our results are new even in the case where $\varphi$ is a power.
- Published
- 2024
11. Economic perceptions and government approval in Chile: An analysis of democratic transition (1990–2022)
- Author
-
Ábrigo, Vicente, Cases, Roberto, and Vergara, Rodrigo
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Risk Factors For Cyberbullying Among Secondary Students in Urban Settings in Spain: A Cross-Sectional Study
- Author
-
Arroyo-Uriarte, Paula, Forcadell-Díez, Lluís, Abiétar, Daniel G., Juarez, Olga, Sánchez-Martínez, Francesca, López, Maria José, Vives-Cases, Carmen, Barbero, Belén Sanz, Pérez-Martínez, Vanesa, Albaladejo-Blázquez, Natalia, and Perez, Glòria
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. MEG8 as an antagonistic pleiotropic mechanism in breast cancer
- Author
-
Verdugo-Sivianes, Eva M., Espinosa-Sánchez, Asunción, Cases, Ildefonso, Rojas, Ana M., Otero-Albiol, Daniel, Romero, Lourdes, Blanco, José Ramón, and Carnero, Amancio
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Effect of Sinetrol® Xpur on metabolic health and adiposity by interactions with gut microbiota: a randomized, open label, dose–response clinical trial
- Author
-
Muralidharan, Jananee, Romain, Cindy, Chung, Linda, Alcaraz, Pedro, Martínez-Noguera, Francisco Javier, Keophiphath, Mayoura, Lelouvier, Benjamin, Ancel, Patricia, Gaborit, Benedicte, and Cases, Julien
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. ‘Important, but difficult’: Swedish primary care professionals’ perceptions and experiences of dealing with violence against women: an interview study
- Author
-
Öhman, Ann, Vives -Cases, Carmen, and Edin, Kerstin
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. “Thanks to my activists Friends”: a qualitative study of perspectives of young adults and professionals on the factors related to seeking support among victims of sexual violence in Spain
- Author
-
Durán-Martín, Eva, Sanz-Barbero, Belén, Muñoz-Haba, Aitana, March, Sebastià, and Vives-Cases, Carmen
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Diabetic foot disease carries an intrinsic high risk of mortality and other severe outcomes in type 2 diabetes: a propensity score-matched retrospective population-based study
- Author
-
Vlacho, Bogdan, Bundó, Magdalena, Llussà, Judit, Real, Jordi, Mata-Cases, Manel, Cos, Xavier, Tundidor, Diana, Zaccardi, Francesco, Khunti, Kamlesh, Jude, Edward B., Franch-Nadal, Josep, and Mauricio, Dídac
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. Gingival proteomics reveals the role of TGF beta and YAP/TAZ signaling in Raine syndrome fibrosis
- Author
-
Costa, Cláudio Rodrigues Rezende, Chalgoumi, Rym, Baker, Amina, Guillou, Clément, Yamaguti, Paulo Marcio, Simancas Escorcia, Victor, Abbad, Lilia, Amorin, Bruna Rabelo, de Lima, Caroline Lourenço, Cannaya, Vidjea, Benassarou, Mourad, Berdal, Ariane, Chatziantoniou, Christos, Cases, Olivier, Cosette, Pascal, Kozyraki, Renata, and Acevedo, Ana Carolina
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Perceptions of science, science communication, and climate change attitudes in 68 countries – the TISP dataset
- Author
-
Niels G. Mede, Viktoria Cologna, Sebastian Berger, John Besley, Cameron Brick, Marina Joubert, Edward W. Maibach, Sabina Mihelj, Naomi Oreskes, Mike S. Schäfer, Sander van der Linden, Nor Izzatina Abdul Aziz, Suleiman Abdulsalam, Nurulaini Abu Shamsi, Balazs Aczel, Indro Adinugroho, Eleonora Alabrese, Alaa Aldoh, Mark Alfano, Innocent Mbulli Ali, Mohammed Alsobay, Marlene Altenmüller, R. Michael Alvarez, Richard Amoako, Tabitha Amollo, Patrick Ansah, Denisa Apriliawati, Flavio Azevedo, Ani Bajrami, Ronita Bardhan, Keagile Bati, Eri Bertsou, Cornelia Betsch, Apurav Yash Bhatiya, Rahul Bhui, Olga Białobrzeska, Michał Bilewicz, Ayoub Bouguettaya, Katherine Breeden, Amélie Bret, Ondrej Buchel, Pablo Cabrera-Álvarez, Federica Cagnoli, André Calero Valdez, Timothy Callaghan, Rizza Kaye Cases, Sami Çoksan, Gabriela Czarnek, Steven De Peuter, Ramit Debnath, Sylvain Delouvée, Lucia Di Stefano, Celia Díaz-Catalán, Kimberly C. Doell, Simone Dohle, Karen M. Douglas, Charlotte Dries, Dmitrii Dubrov, Małgorzata Dzimińska, Ullrich K. H. Ecker, Christian T. Elbaek, Mahmoud Elsherif, Benjamin Enke, Tom W. Etienne, Matthew Facciani, Antoinette Fage-Butler, Md. Zaki Faisal, Xiaoli Fan, Christina Farhart, Christoph Feldhaus, Marinus Ferreira, Stefan Feuerriegel, Helen Fischer, Jana Freundt, Malte Friese, Simon Fuglsang, Albina Gallyamova, Patricia Garrido-Vásquez, Mauricio E. Garrido Vásquez, Winfred Gatua, Oliver Genschow, Omid Ghasemi, Theofilos Gkinopoulos, Jamie L. Gloor, Ellen Goddard, Mario Gollwitzer, Claudia González-Brambila, Hazel Gordon, Dmitry Grigoryev, Gina M. Grimshaw, Lars Guenther, Håvard Haarstad, Dana Harari, Lelia N. Hawkins, Przemysław Hensel, Alma Cristal Hernández-Mondragón, Atar Herziger, Guanxiong Huang, Markus Huff, Mairéad Hurley, Nygmet Ibadildin, Maho Ishibashi, Mohammad Tarikul Islam, Younes Jeddi, Tao Jin, Charlotte A. Jones, Sebastian Jungkunz, Dominika Jurgiel, Zhangir Kabdulkair, Jo-Ju Kao, Sarah Kavassalis, John R. Kerr, Mariana Kitsa, Tereza Klabíková Rábová, Olivier Klein, Hoyoun Koh, Aki Koivula, Lilian Kojan, Elizaveta Komyaginskaya, Laura König, Lina Koppel, Kochav Koren Nobre Cavalcante, Alexandra Kosachenko, John Kotcher, Laura S. Kranz, Pradeep Krishnan, Silje Kristiansen, André Krouwel, Toon Kuppens, Eleni A. Kyza, Claus Lamm, Anthony Lantian, Aleksandra Lazić, Oscar Lecuona, Jean-Baptiste Légal, Zoe Leviston, Neil Levy, Amanda M. Lindkvist, Grégoire Lits, Andreas Löschel, Alberto López-Ortega, Carlos Lopez-Villavicencio, Nigel Mantou Lou, Chloe H. Lucas, Kristin Lunz-Trujillo, Mathew D. Marques, Sabrina J. Mayer, Ryan McKay, Hugo Mercier, Julia Metag, Taciano L. Milfont, Joanne M. Miller, Panagiotis Mitkidis, Fredy Monge-Rodríguez, Matt Motta, Iryna Mudra, Zarja Muršič, Jennifer Namutebi, Eryn J. Newman, Jonas P. Nitschke, Ntui-Njock Vincent Ntui, Daniel Nwogwugwu, Thomas Ostermann, Tobias Otterbring, Jaime Palmer-Hague, Myrto Pantazi, Philip Pärnamets, Paolo Parra Saiani, Mariola Paruzel-Czachura, Michal Parzuchowski, Yuri G. Pavlov, Adam R. Pearson, Myron A. Penner, Charlotte R. Pennington, Katerina Petkanopoulou, Marija M. Petrović, Jan Pfänder, Dinara Pisareva, Adam Ploszaj, Karolína Poliaková, Ekaterina Pronizius, Katarzyna Pypno-Blajda, Diwa Malaya A. Quiñones, Pekka Räsänen, Adrian Rauchfleisch, Felix G. Rebitschek, Cintia Refojo Seronero, Gabriel Rêgo, James P. Reynolds, Joseph Roche, Simone Rödder, Jan Philipp Röer, Robert M. Ross, Isabelle Ruin, Osvaldo Santos, Ricardo R. Santos, Philipp Schmid, Stefan Schulreich, Bermond Scoggins, Amena Sharaf, Justin Sheria Nfundiko, Emily Shuckburgh, Johan Six, Nevin Solak, Leonhard Späth, Bram Spruyt, Olivier Standaert, Samantha K. Stanley, Gert Storms, Noel Strahm, Stylianos Syropoulos, Barnabas Szaszi, Ewa Szumowska, Mikihito Tanaka, Claudia Teran-Escobar, Boryana Todorova, Abdoul Kafid Toko, Renata Tokrri, Daniel Toribio-Florez, Manos Tsakiris, Michael Tyrala, Özden Melis Uluğ, Ijeoma Chinwe Uzoma, Jochem van Noord, Christiana Varda, Steven Verheyen, Iris Vilares, Madalina Vlasceanu, Andreas von Bubnoff, Iain Walker, Izabela Warwas, Marcel Weber, Tim Weninger, Mareike Westfal, Florian Wintterlin, Adrian Dominik Wojcik, Ziqian Xia, Jinliang Xie, Ewa Zegler-Poleska, Amber Zenklusen, and Rolf A. Zwaan
- Subjects
Science - Abstract
Abstract Science is integral to society because it can inform individual, government, corporate, and civil society decision-making on issues such as public health, new technologies or climate change. Yet, public distrust and populist sentiment challenge the relationship between science and society. To help researchers analyse the science-society nexus across different geographical and cultural contexts, we undertook a cross-sectional population survey resulting in a dataset of 71,922 participants in 68 countries. The data were collected between November 2022 and August 2023 as part of the global Many Labs study “Trust in Science and Science-Related Populism” (TISP). The questionnaire contained comprehensive measures for individuals’ trust in scientists, science-related populist attitudes, perceptions of the role of science in society, science media use and communication behaviour, attitudes to climate change and support for environmental policies, personality traits, political and religious views and demographic characteristics. Here, we describe the dataset, survey materials and psychometric properties of key variables. We encourage researchers to use this unique dataset for global comparative analyses on public perceptions of science and its role in society and policy-making.
- Published
- 2025
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Areas for action to promote positive forms of masculinities in preventing violence against women: a concept mapping study in Spain
- Author
-
Ariadna Cerdán-Torregrosa, Belén Sanz-Barbero, Daniel La Parra-Casado, and Carmen Vives-Cases
- Subjects
Spain ,Concept mapping ,Masculinities ,Violence against women ,Young people ,Stakeholders ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Abstract Background Violence against women (VAW) perpetrated by men is a public health problem of significant magnitude that negatively affects the whole society. Unequal gender relations produce differentiated positions in the social structure; gender roles that position men and women differently are defined and which are at the root of VAW. Framed within the European PositivMasc project, the aim of this study was to identify the areas for action to promote positive masculinities in preventing VAW in Spain, based on community stakeholders’ perceptions on their importance and applicability. Methods A concept mapping study was carried out, involving a comprehensive and systematic approach that employs both a qualitative and quantitative methodology, between September 2019 and February 2022 in Spain. The research was conducted with a diverse sample of young people, both feminist activists and non-activists, as well as various professionals in the field under study. Results The results of this study showed that the lines of action in order of importance are: prevention through formal and informal education, general skills for the population, personal work with men, media and social campaigns, governmental and legal measures, activism and support to social organizations. In turn, the order of these lines of action according to applicability in the Spanish context was: media and social campaigns, prevention through formal and informal education, general skills for the population, support to social organizations, activism, personal work with men and governmental and legal measures. Consensus was observed among the participants of different socio-demographic profiles, both at a quantitative level in the scores obtained and at a qualitative level with the interpretations that reinforced the results. Conclusions There is a need for a comprehensive multisectoral response involving different spaces to strengthen the scale, impact and sustainability of the efforts around anti-VAW masculinities. The evidence produced throughout this concept mapping study can contribute to inform policies to effectively prevent VAW by focusing on positive masculinities, ensuring they align with the perceptions and experiences of key community actors involved in the policy implementation process.
- Published
- 2025
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. From bedside to bench: New insights in epilepsy‐associated tumors based on recent classification updates and animal models on brain tumor networks
- Author
-
Silvia Cases‐Cunillera, Lea L. Friker, Philipp Müller, Albert J. Becker, and Gerrit H. Gielen
- Subjects
brain tumors ,epilepsy ,in utero electroporation ,mouse model ,neuronal activity ,Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,RC254-282 - Abstract
Low‐grade neuroepithelial tumors (LGNTs), particularly those with glioneuronal histology, are highly associated with pharmacoresistant epilepsy. Increasing research focused on these neoplastic lesions did not translate into drug discovery; and anticonvulsant or antitumor therapies are not available yet. During the last years, animal modeling has improved, thereby leading to the possibility of generating brain tumors in mice mimicking crucial genetic, molecular and immunohistological features. Among them, intraventricular in utero electroporation (IUE) has been proven to be a valuable tool for the generation of animal models for LGNTs allowing endogenous tumor growth within the mouse brain parenchyma. Epileptogenicity is mostly determined by the slow‐growing patterns of these tumors, thus mirroring intrinsic interactions between tumor cells and surrounding neurons is crucial to investigate the mechanisms underlying convulsive activity. In this review, we provide an updated classification of the human LGNT and summarize the most recent data from human and animal models, with a focus on the crosstalk between brain tumors and neuronal function.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. The trace fractional Laplacian and the mid-range fractional Laplacian
- Author
-
Rossi, Julio D. and Ruiz-Cases, Jorge
- Subjects
Mathematics - Analysis of PDEs - Abstract
In this paper we introduce two new fractional versions of the Laplacian. The first one is based on the classical formula that writes the usual Laplacian as the sum of the eigenvalues of the Hessian. The second one comes from looking at the classical fractional Laplacian as the mean value (in the sphere) of the 1-dimensional fractional Laplacians in lines with directions in the sphere. To obtain this second new fractional operator we just replace the mean value by the mid-range of 1-dimensional fractional Laplacians with directions in the sphere. For these two new fractional operators we prove a comparison principle for viscosity sub and supersolutions and then we obtain existence and uniqueness for the Dirichlet problem. We also show that solutions are $C^\gamma$ smooth up to the boundary when the exterior datum is also H\"older continuous. Finally, we prove that for the first operator we recover the classical Laplacian in the limit as $s\nearrow 1$.
- Published
- 2023
23. On the need of in vivo verifications as quality control for intraoperative electron radiotherapy in breast cancer
- Author
-
Cases, Carla, Oses, Gabriela, Herreros, Antonio, Tarrats-Rosell, Jordi, Moreno, Sara, and Mollà, Meritxell
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. On a question of Matt Baker regarding the dollar game
- Author
-
Cases-Thomas, Marine
- Subjects
Mathematics - Combinatorics ,05C50, 05C57 - Abstract
In an introductory paper on dollar game played on a graph, Matt Baker wrote the following: ``The total number of borrowing moves required to win the game when playing the 'borrowing binge strategy' is independent of which borrowing moves you do in which order! Note, however, that it is usually possible to win in fewer moves by employing lending moves in combination with borrowing moves. The optimal strategy when one uses both kinds of moves is not yet understood.'' In this article, we give a lower bound on the minimum number $ M_{\text{min}} $ of such moves of an optimal algorithm in terms of the number of moves $ M_0 $ of the borrowing binge strategy. Concretely, we have: $ M_{\text{min}} \geq \frac{M_0}{n-1} $ where $ n $ is the number of vertices of the graph. This bound is tight., Comment: 9 pages, 3 figures
- Published
- 2023
25. Cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome definition and its role in the prevention, risk staging, and treatment. An opportunity for the Nephrology
- Author
-
Aleix Cases, Jose Jesus Broseta, Maria Marqués, Secundino Cigarrán, Juan Carlos Julián, Roberto Alcázar, and Alberto Ortiz
- Subjects
Enfermedad cardiovascular ,Enfermedad renal crónica ,Diabetes ,Obesidad ,Síndrome metabólico ,Diseases of the genitourinary system. Urology ,RC870-923 - Abstract
The recent conceptualization of the cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome by the American Heart Association (AHA) opens an opportunity for a multidisciplinary and lifelong approach in the risk stratification, early prevention, and treatment of the vicious circle generated by the interaction of cardiovascular, renal and metabolic risk factors and aggravated by the development of cardiovascular diseases (including their full spectrum: heart failure, atrial fibrillation, coronary heart disease, stroke, and peripheral arterial disease), chronic kidney disease or type 2 diabetes mellitus, with the excess or dysfunctional adiposity as the trigger. Three publications offer the rational basis of a conceptual decalogue and action plan and a new cardiovascular risk stratification equation since the age of 30 that includes measures of renal function/damage, among others, to promote effective cardiovascular, renal, and metabolic prevention. In Spain, we must leverage this momentum to adapt these new concepts to our reality with greater and improved collaboration between primary care and the specialties involved in CKM syndrome, including the formation of multidisciplinary units for the optimal management using a patient-centred approach. Resumen: La reciente conceptualización del síndrome cardiovascular-reno-metabólico (CRM) por la American Heart Association (AHA) abre una oportunidad al abordaje multidisciplinar y desde etapas tempranas de la vida en la estratificación del riesgo, la prevención y el tratamiento precoz del círculo vicioso generado por la interacción de factores de riesgo cardiovasculares, renales y metabólicos y agravado por el desarrollo de enfermedades cardiovasculares (incluyendo todo su espectro: insuficiencia cardíaca, fibrilación auricular, enfermedad coronaria, accidente cerebrovascular, y enfermedad arterial periférica), enfermedad renal crónica o diabetes mellitus tipo 2, con la adiposidad excesiva o disfuncional como sustrato del problema. Un trío de publicaciones ofrecen las bases racionales de un decálogo conceptual y de acción, con nuevas herramientas de estratificación de riesgo cardiovascular desde los 30 años de edad y que incluyen medidas de función/daño renal, entre otras, que permitan una eficaz prevención cardiovascular, renal y metabólica. En España debemos aprovechar este impulso para adaptar los nuevos conceptos a nuestra realidad con una mayor y mejor colaboración entre atención primaria y las diversas especialidades implicadas, incluyendo la creación de unidades multidisciplinares para un manejo óptimo y centrado en el paciente.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. La osteopatía pediátrica en España: aproximación al marco profesional actual y creación de una mesa de diálogo interdisciplinar
- Author
-
Ramon Cases Solé, Giorgia Sebastiani, David Varillas-Delgado, Fermín López-Gil, Gerard Álvarez-Bustins, M.ª Carmen Pino-Tamayo, and Óscar García-Algar
- Subjects
tratamiento manipulativo osteopático (tmo) ,pediatría ,terapias complementarias ,prácticas interdisciplinarias ,ética profesional ,salud pública ,Medical philosophy. Medical ethics ,R723-726 ,Business ethics ,HF5387-5387.5 - Abstract
El objetivo del presente artículo es realizar una aproximación a la situación de la osteopatía pediátrica en España y proponer la creación de una mesa de diálogo inter y multidisciplinar que permita avanzar en su regulación y ordenación profesional. Actualmente no existe un estándar académico que regule este tipo de formación en nuestro país. La ausencia de regulación predispone a que haya una gran variedad de perfiles profesionales, con formaciones académicas dispares, practicando la osteopatía. Este hecho puede tener implicaciones sobre la seguridad y calidad de la atención que reciben los/las pacientes/usuarios/as, principalmente los grupos vulnerables y dependientes de la población, como son los/las menores de edad. La creación de una mesa de diálogo también permitiría clarificar la práctica profesional de la osteopatía pediátrica y cuál es su bien interno para con la sociedad española. El papel de la bioética puede ser importante a la hora de integrar diferentes voces.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Characteristics and outcomes of patients with LAM receiving sirolimus in France based on real-life data
- Author
-
Vincent Cottin, Antoine Cases, Virginie Bourdin, Martine Reynaud-Gaubert, Sandrine Hirschi, Mallorie Kerjouan, Rémi Diesler, Brieux Chardès, Stéphane Fiévez, Nada Assi, Aurélie Schmidt, Hélène Denis, Lidwine Wémeau-Stervinou, and Yurdagul Uzunhan
- Subjects
lymphangioleiomyomatosis ,lung-disease ,sirolimus ,rapamycin ,real-life data ,survival ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
LAM is a rare multi-cystic lung disease for which treatment with sirolimus is indicated in cases of moderate or severe lung disease or declining lung function. The aim of this study was to describe patients treated with sirolimus for LAM and their outcomes. This retrospective observational study was based on data from the French national health insurance data system (SNDS). All adult women receiving sirolimus were identified in France between 2014 and 2021. In the absence of a specific LAM code in the system, an algorithm was developed to identify patients treated for possible LAM exclusion of other sirolimus indications (transplantation, graft-versus-host disease), or probable LAM (among possible LAM, patients hospitalized for pneumothorax, pleural drainage, pleurisy, ascites, chronic respiratory failure, lung transplantation, or angiomyolipoma). Over the entire study period, 638 patients were considered as treated with sirolimus for possible LAM, including 208 patients treated for “probable” LAM and 33 patients for TSC-LAM. Median [Q1; Q3] age at index date was 45.0 years [34.0; 58.5] for patients with probable LAM and 40.0 years [28.0; 56.0] for patients with TSC-LAM. Overall, the number of incident patients varied from 28 to 96 each year for possible LAM, from 11 to 33 each year for probable LAM and from 1 to 4 patients each year for TSC-LAM patients. In 2021, the incidence rate of patients treated with sirolimus for probable LAM in France was estimated at 0.9 per 1,000,000 French adult women and the prevalence rate at 6.3 per 1,000,000 French adult women. The 5-year survival after sirolimus initiation was 84% (95% CI: 76%; 90%) for probable LAM patients, and 77% (95% CI: 48%; 91%) for TSC-LAM patients. This study provides an updated epidemiological estimate of LAM patients treated with sirolimus in France between 2014 and 2021. Even though some of the results should be interpreted cautiously in the light of limitations related to the use of claims database, evolution of the disease and missing safety data, the information retrieved in this study is very valuable, as few studies provide real-world information on LAM populations.
- Published
- 2025
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Ansiedad, estados de ánimo y habilidades psicológicas en jóvenes deportistas lesionados en proceso de rehabilitación
- Author
-
Jesús Ríos-Garit, Rosendo Berengüí, Silvia Solé-Cases, Yanet Pérez-Surita, Marta Cañizares-Hernández, and Rosalía Cárdenaz Rodríguez
- Subjects
emotions ,psychological skills ,sports injuries ,rehabilitation ,Sports ,GV557-1198.995 ,Psychology ,BF1-990 - Abstract
Si bien la rehabilitación de una lesión es fundamental para asegurar el rendimiento deportivo tras la vuelta al terreno, el éxito de este proceso también se encuentra influenciado por la subjetividad del deportista. El objetivo de la presente investigación es determinar las diferencias en la ansiedad, estados de ánimo y habilidades psicológicas en jóvenes deportistas durante el proceso de rehabilitación. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo y longitudinal entre enero y junio del año 2022. Participaron 150 deportistas de alto rendimiento con una edad cronológica entre 12 y 18 años de las categorías escolar y juvenil de deportes colectivos e individuales, los que se encontraban en rehabilitación en el servicio de fisioterapia del Centro Provincial de Medicina del Deporte de Villa Clara, Cuba. Para la recolección de los datos se empleó la revisión de documento, entrevista semiestructurada, Escala de Estado de Ánimo de Brunel (BRUMS), Inventario de Ansiedad Rasgo-Estado (STAI) y el Inventario Psicológico de Ejecución Deportiva (IPED). Se obtuvo una notable historia lesional y presencia de nuevas lesiones moderadas y graves durante entrenamientos. Los deportistas presentaron inadecuada percepción de riesgo a la lesión y elevada ansiedad situacional que se incrementó durante la rehabilitación. La tensión y depresión se mantuvieron altos mientras disminuyó significativamente el enojo. El control de la atención se mantuvo bajo, disminuyendo la autoconfianza, motivación y control de la actitud, pero aumentando el control de afrontamiento negativo en la fase de movilización. Se concluye afirmando que en los jóvenes deportistas se configuró una respuesta emocional negativa que no mejoró significativamente durante la rehabilitación, constatándose afectaciones en el estado de las habilidades psicológicas. Estos hallazgos confirman la necesidad del trabajo psicológico en la rehabilitación para optimizar la recuperación y disposición a rendir en el regreso a los entrenamientos.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Characterisation of type 2 diabetes subgroups at diagnosis: the COPERNICAN prospective observational cohort study protocol
- Author
-
Marta Hernandez, Josep Franch-Nadal, Didac Mauricio, Minerva Granado-Casas, Àngels Molló, Paula Garcia, Francesc Xavier Cos Claramunt, Bogdan Vlacho, Berta Fernandez-Camins, Albert Canudas, Marta Ortega, Alexandre Perera-LLuna, Alejandro Boluda-Sanson, Yesmina El-Khattabi-Ofkir, Idoia Genua Trullos, Inka Miñambres, Natalia Riera, Antonia Valsera Robles, M Eulalia Pradas Sala, Norma Ballestar Palacios, Olga Vazquez Soler, Cristina Ledesma Serrano, Ana Cámara Caño, Teresa Villuendas, Begona Ribas Lopez, Ana Maria Pedro Pijoan, Eva Gonzalez Platas, Eva Garcia, Raquel Martí, Eva Serra Llavall, Montserrat Torra Solé, Maite Puig Solé, Ana Isabel Areny Tallaví, Marc Olivart, Neus Miro Vallve, Marta Puig Fito, Jesús Pujol Salud, Cristina Garcia Serrano, Eva Miquel Fernàndez, Lidia Aran Sole, Antonieta Lafarga, Cristina Dominguez Amador, Sandra Guerrero, Cristina Farras Salles, Maria Boldú Franque, Lorena Arnay, Mireia Marin, Laura Turo Pere, Anna Maria Torné Cortés, Laia Llubes Arrià, Cecilia Bañeres Argiles, Assumpció Florensa Flix, Manuel Mata Cases, Carla Muñoz, Isabel Bobe, Elena Hernández Boluda, María Begoña Cañas Diaz, Xavier Peligros Palma, Francisco Cegri Lombando, Anna Martinez Sanchez, Gabriel Cuatrecasas, Anna Amorós, Blanca Simon, Anna Massana Raurich, Maria Isabel Prieto Fernández, Maria Olga Alvarez Fernández, Robert Cabanes Gómez, Ascensión Niubo Lopez, Marta Crespo Boixasa, Assumpció Altaba Barcelo, Estel Felez Carroba, Carme Olius Peyrats, Eva Marsol Prieto, Eva Ferris Gallart, Maria Lluïsa Calonge Carbonell, Roser Ros Barnadas, Elena Artal Traveria, Zulema Martí Oltra, Carolina Lapena Estella, Olga Poveda Jovellar, Ana Carrera Rodriguez, Sonia Aldea Gomez, Xavier Herraiz Fabregat, Elisabet Llop Lozano, Ignacio Alborch Simó, Laura Güell Espigol, Pilar Pedro Benages, Javier Parramon Nuñez, Paloma Prats, Berta Tió, Carlos Arias, Pelayo Martinez, Cristian Llacer Pinos, Roser Ferrer Costa, and Luz Maria Cruz Carlo
- Subjects
Medicine - Abstract
Introduction Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a highly heterogeneous and complex metabolic disease harbouring different metabolic characteristics. Adequate characterisation of subjects is essential to allow the implementation of precision medicine for the prevention, diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of this condition.Methods and analysis This prospective observational cohort study aims to identify and characterise relevant clinical clusters that are reproducibly associated with various clinical outcomes in T2DM in our Mediterranean region. The COPERNICAN study will include 1200 subjects with newly diagnosed T2DM from 28 primary care centres from the city of Barcelona and the healthcare district of Lleida in Catalonia (Spain). Participants will undergo a comprehensive phenotypic evaluation including, among others, six relevant variables: age, antibodies against glutamic acid decarboxylase, body mass index, glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), indexes of insulin sensibility (HOMA2-IR) and secretion (HOMA2-beta). We will collect additional comprehensive data on glucose-lowering and other drug treatments, clinical evaluation (including complications), laboratory parameters, advanced lipoprotein profile, dietary habits and physical activity. The linkage with the population database will be done to perform a pragmatic follow-up of participants as part of their usual clinical care. A state-of-the-art cluster analysis (k-means and hierarchical clustering) will be performed.Ethics and dissemination The present study complies with all the ethical aspects and protection of participant subjects complying with all current local and European Union legislation. All Ethics Committees from the institutions involved in the study (IR Sant Pau Ethics Committee, Ethics Committee for Drug Research at IDIAP Jordi Gol and University Hospital of Bellvitge Ethics Committee for Research) approved this protocol. Confidentiality and anonymity of the data are ensured according to the current Spanish Organic Law 3/2018 of 05 December.Trial registration number ClinicalTrials.gov. registration number NCT05333718, 27 January 2023.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Transvaginal sonographic appearance of Surgicel®: A case series report
- Author
-
Sara Tameish, Henar Guerra Mas, Alba Cabello Magriñá, Sandra Simón Cases, and Pere Cavallé Busquets
- Subjects
Surgicel® ,Oxidized regenerated cellulose ,Ultrasound ,Gynecology ,Hemostatic agents ,Case series ,Medical technology ,R855-855.5 - Abstract
Background: Surgicel® (oxidized regenerated cellulose) is widely used for hemostasis in gynecological surgery. Although intended to be absorbed within weeks, it can persist and be visualized on transvaginal ultrasound, potentially mimicking ovarian pathologies. The purpose of this study was to describe the appearance of Surgicel® on post-ovarian cystectomy and provide guidance on differentiating it from other conditions. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed postoperative transvaginal sonographic examinations of 6 patients after laparoscopic ovarian cystectomy in which Surgicel® was used for hemostasis. Ultrasonographic evaluations were performed as part of routine postoperative assessment without any specific timing protocol. Sonographic examinations were performed up to 335 days after surgery. Images were reviewed for echogenicity, vascularization (color doppler) and acoustic properties. Surgical reports confirmed the use of Surgicel®in each patient. Results: Surgicel® displayed varying ultrasonographic characteristics, lacking a uniform appearance. In all cases, it appeared as a hyperechoic, avascular lesion, sometimes with posterior acoustic shadowing and occasionally accompanied by a cystic component. In one patient, serial scans revealed a gradual reduction in size and changes in sonographic features over time. Conclusion: Surgicel® can present with diverse ultrasound features. However, a hyperechoic avascular lesion is a key potential sign for distinguishing it from other conditions. Awareness of these sonographic appearances is essential to avoid misdiagnosis, highlighting the importance of collaboration between sonographers and surgeons to prevent unnecessary interventions.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. BrainBERT: Self-supervised representation learning for intracranial recordings
- Author
-
Wang, Christopher, Subramaniam, Vighnesh, Yaari, Adam Uri, Kreiman, Gabriel, Katz, Boris, Cases, Ignacio, and Barbu, Andrei
- Subjects
Computer Science - Machine Learning ,Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Signal Processing ,Quantitative Biology - Neurons and Cognition - Abstract
We create a reusable Transformer, BrainBERT, for intracranial recordings bringing modern representation learning approaches to neuroscience. Much like in NLP and speech recognition, this Transformer enables classifying complex concepts, i.e., decoding neural data, with higher accuracy and with much less data by being pretrained in an unsupervised manner on a large corpus of unannotated neural recordings. Our approach generalizes to new subjects with electrodes in new positions and to unrelated tasks showing that the representations robustly disentangle the neural signal. Just like in NLP where one can study language by investigating what a language model learns, this approach opens the door to investigating the brain by what a model of the brain learns. As a first step along this path, we demonstrate a new analysis of the intrinsic dimensionality of the computations in different areas of the brain. To construct these representations, we combine a technique for producing super-resolution spectrograms of neural data with an approach designed for generating contextual representations of audio by masking. In the future, far more concepts will be decodable from neural recordings by using representation learning, potentially unlocking the brain like language models unlocked language., Comment: 9 pages, 6 figures, ICLR 2023
- Published
- 2023
32. Characterizing myths of sexual aggression in the young population in Spain
- Author
-
Belén Sanz Barbero, Carmen Vives-Cases, Laura Vall-llosera Casanovas, Laura Serra Saurina, María Carme Saurina Canals, and Gemma Renart Vicens
- Subjects
Myths of sexual aggression ,Sexual violence ,Violence against women ,Youth ,Spain ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Abstract Background Myths of sexual aggression have a negative influence in aggressive behavior against women, in the institutional approaches to sexual violence and in how women cope with it. The objective of this study is to describe acceptance of myths of sexual aggression in young women and men residing in Spain. Method Cross-sectional study carried out online with 2,515 women (50.2%) and men (49.8%) ages 18–35 in Spain in 2020. Information on myths was collected using the Acceptance of Modern Myths About Sexual Aggression Scale (AMMSA). We described the myths most prevalent among women and men. The variables associated with myths were identified using multiple regression. The regression models were adjusted by sociodemographic and sexual orientation variables. Results The average AMMSA values were higher among men [mean: 3.11; standard deviation (sd):1.23] than among women (mean 2.49 sd:1.11). In both sexes, the myths with greater acceptance showed the presence of patriarchal gender roles in sexual contacts. Men were more likely than women to accept myths that question allegations and severity of violence. Having a higher level of educational studies (β -0.350 sd: 0.046) was associated with lower average AMMSA values. Being born in Latin America (β 0.047 sd: 0.063) was associated with higher average AMMSA values. Among heterosexual men, AMMSA values were greater than among gay and bisexual men. Among women, there was no difference in average AMMSA values based on sexual orientation. Conclusions Myths persist during youth that question and trivialize sexual violence against women. It is necessary to implement strategies that reduce these myths, particularly in heterosexual men, in those of foreign-born origin and among those with low levels of education.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. The little skate genome and the evolutionary emergence of wing-like fins
- Author
-
Marlétaz, Ferdinand, de la Calle-Mustienes, Elisa, Acemel, Rafael D, Paliou, Christina, Naranjo, Silvia, Martínez-García, Pedro Manuel, Cases, Ildefonso, Sleight, Victoria A, Hirschberger, Christine, Marcet-Houben, Marina, Navon, Dina, Andrescavage, Ali, Skvortsova, Ksenia, Duckett, Paul Edward, González-Rajal, Álvaro, Bogdanovic, Ozren, Gibcus, Johan H, Yang, Liyan, Gallardo-Fuentes, Lourdes, Sospedra, Ismael, Lopez-Rios, Javier, Darbellay, Fabrice, Visel, Axel, Dekker, Job, Shubin, Neil, Gabaldón, Toni, Nakamura, Tetsuya, Tena, Juan J, Lupiáñez, Darío G, Rokhsar, Daniel S, and Gómez-Skarmeta, José Luis
- Subjects
Biological Sciences ,Bioinformatics and Computational Biology ,Genetics ,Human Genome ,Biotechnology ,Generic health relevance ,Animals ,Animal Fins ,Genomics ,Homeodomain Proteins ,Skates ,Fish ,Zebrafish ,Biological Evolution ,Genome ,Genes ,Reporter ,General Science & Technology - Abstract
Skates are cartilaginous fish whose body plan features enlarged wing-like pectoral fins, enabling them to thrive in benthic environments1,2. However, the molecular underpinnings of this unique trait remain unclear. Here we investigate the origin of this phenotypic innovation by developing the little skate Leucoraja erinacea as a genomically enabled model. Analysis of a high-quality chromosome-scale genome sequence for the little skate shows that it preserves many ancestral jawed vertebrate features compared with other sequenced genomes, including numerous ancient microchromosomes. Combining genome comparisons with extensive regulatory datasets in developing fins-including gene expression, chromatin occupancy and three-dimensional conformation-we find skate-specific genomic rearrangements that alter the three-dimensional regulatory landscape of genes that are involved in the planar cell polarity pathway. Functional inhibition of planar cell polarity signalling resulted in a reduction in anterior fin size, confirming that this pathway is a major contributor to batoid fin morphology. We also identified a fin-specific enhancer that interacts with several hoxa genes, consistent with the redeployment of hox gene expression in anterior pectoral fins, and confirmed its potential to activate transcription in the anterior fin using zebrafish reporter assays. Our findings underscore the central role of genome reorganization and regulatory variation in the evolution of phenotypes, shedding light on the molecular origin of an enigmatic trait.
- Published
- 2023
34. New Insulin On Board Estimation for Artificial Pancreas Systems.
- Author
-
Juan D. Romero-Ante, Juliana Manrique-Cordoba, Jose María Vicente-Samper, Jesús Cases-Hurtado, Miguel á. De La Casa-Lillo, and José M. Sabater-Navarro
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Achieving Flexible Performance Isolation on the AMD Xilinx Zynq UltraScale+.
- Author
-
Alejandro Serrano-Cases, Enrico Mezzetti, Jaume Abella 0001, and Francisco J. Cazorla
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Glycemic and weight control in people with type 2 diabetes: A real-world observational study in primary care
- Author
-
Orozco-Beltran, D, Mata-Cases, M, Artola-Menéndez, S, Álvarez-Guisasola, F, Cebrián-Cuenca, AM, and Pérez, A
- Published
- 2025
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Delphi Consensus on the Management of Patients With Advanced COPD: COPD-Avanz Working Group
- Author
-
Gonçalves, Juan Marco Figueira, Díez, Javier de Miguel, Navarrete, Bernardino Alcázar, Mena, Pere Almagro, Alonso-Ortiz, María Belén, Corberó, Ana Balañá, Barrecheguren, Miriam, García, Roberto Cabestre, Viedma, Enrique Cases, Ramos, Pilar Cejudo, Fernández-Villar, Alberto, Golpe, Rafael, Pascual, Milagros Iriberri, López-Campos, José Luis, París, Jesús Molina, de la Rosa-Carrillo, David, Catalán, Javier Sayas, and Miravitlles, Marc
- Published
- 2025
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Análisis de ganglios coincidentes con SentiMag® y técnica estándar en la BSGC del cáncer de mama
- Author
-
Davó Pérez, Cristina Isabel, Pellicer Sánchez, Virginia, Soliveres Soliveres, Edelmira, Cases Baldó, María José, Cabrera Vilanova, Arantxa, Rodríguez Cazalla, Lorena, Kosny, Piotr, and Morcillo Rodenas, Miguel Ángel
- Published
- 2025
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Match detection analysis on SentiMag® system and standard technique in SLNB of breast cancer
- Author
-
Davó Pérez, Cristina Isabel, Pellicer Sánchez, Virginia, Soliveres Soliveres, Edelmira, Cases Baldó, María José, Cabrera Vilanova, Arantxa, Rodríguez Cazalla, Lorena, Kosny, Piotr, and Morcillo Rodenas, Miguel Ángel
- Published
- 2025
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Explaining International Trends in Mortality on Hemodialysis Through Changes in Hemodialysis Practices in the Dialysis Outcomes and Practice Patterns Study (DOPPS)
- Author
-
Dr. Ali Al-Aradi, Jadoul, Michel, Evenepoel, Pieter, Sood, Manish, Suri, Rita, Zuo, Li, Chen, Yuqing, Ni, Zhaohui, Chen, Xiaonong, Hou, Fanfan, Liang, Xinling, Combe, Christian, Guebre-Egziabher, Fitsum, Antonio Ureña Torres, Pablo, Kleophas, Werner, Schaeffner, Elke, Weinreich, Thomas, Brunori, Giuliano, Messa, Piergiorio, Nitta, Kosaku, Inaba, Masaaki, Fukagawa, Masafumi, Sakai, Ken, Tsuruya, Kazuhiko, Hamano, Takayuki, Honda, Hirokazu, Hoshino, Junichi, Komaba, Hirotaka, Nakano, Toshiaki, Al Helal, Bassam, Alkandari, Naser, AlRajab, Heba, Alyousef, Anas, Al Maimani, Yacoub, Alsalmi, Issa, Al Ali, Fadwa, Hamad, Abdulla, Al-Ghamdi, Saeed, Al Ghonaim, Mohammed, Al Wakeel, Jamal, Hejaili, Fayez, Karkar, Ayman, Shaheen, Faissal, Jacobson, Stefan, Christensson, Anders, Cases, Aleix, Vega Martínez, Almudena, Abdulkarim Al Obaidli, Ali, Al Rukhaimi, Mona, Hassan, Mohamed, Kareem Saleh, Abdul, Asgari, Elham, Dasgupta, Indranil, McCullough, Keith P., Morgenstern, Hal, Rayner, Hugh C., Port, Friedrich K., Jadoul, Michel Y., Akizawa, Tadao, Pisoni, Ronald L., Herman, William H., and Robinson, Bruce M.
- Published
- 2025
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. 20881. REVALIDACIÓN DE LA ESCALA M-DIRECT EN LA IDENTIFICACIÓN PREHOSPITALARIA DE PACIENTES PARA SU TRASLADO DIRECTO A HOSPITAL DE TROMBECTOMÍA MECÁNICA
- Author
-
J. Rodríguez Pardo de Donlebún, N. Riera López, A. Lorente Moro, E. de Celis Ruiz, R. Alonso Castillo, A. Higuera Ruiz de la Hermosa, M. Lorenzo Diéguez, C. Gómez Escalonilla, C. Estebas Armas, C. Hervás Testal, R. Rigual Bobillo, L. Casado Fernández, L. González Martín, G. Ruiz Ares, P. Calleja Castaño, J. Carneado Ruiz, J. Fernández Ferro, A. García Pastor, A. García Torres, A. Cruz Culebras, Á. Ximénez-Carrillo Rico, P. Sobrino García, B. Oyanguren Rodeño, E. Escolar Escamilla, L. Izquierdo Esteban, N. Rodríguez Rodil, J. Martínez Gómez, B. Fuentes Gimeno, and M. Alonso de Leciñana Cases
- Subjects
Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system ,RC346-429 - Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. 20907. MANEJO DE ANEURISMAS INTRACRANEALES NO ROTOS: RESULTADOS DE 10 AÑOS EXPERIENCIA DE UN COMITÉ MULTIDISCIPLINAR
- Author
-
P. López-Grueiro Valcarce, L. Pulido Fraiz, C. Hervás Testal, M. Alonso de Leciñana Cases, B. Fuentes Gimeno, G. Ruiz Ares, A. Fernández Prieto, B. Martín Aguilera, R. Frutos Martínez, P. Navia Álvarez, A. Álvarez Muelas, Á. Gómez de la Riva, B. Hernández García, R. Rigual Bobillo, E. de Celis Ruiz, L. Casado Fernández, L. González Martín, J. Rodríguez Pardo de Donlebún, and A. Barrios López
- Subjects
Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system ,RC346-429 - Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. 20921. ESTUDIO ULTRASONOGRÁFICO DE NERVIOS EN PACIENTES CON ENFERMEDAD IGLON5
- Author
-
R. Martínez Marín, R. González Sarmiento, M. Alonso de Leciñana Cases, and C. Gaig
- Subjects
Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system ,RC346-429 - Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Tunneled pleural catheter in pleural effusion: To Whom? When? How?
- Author
-
Raquel Martínez-Tomás and Enrique Cases-Viedma
- Subjects
Malignant pleural effusion. Nonmalignant pleural effusion. Pleurodesis. Recurrent pleural effusion. Symptomatic pleural effusion. Tunneled pleural catheter. ,Diseases of the respiratory system ,RC705-779 - Abstract
Tunneled pleural catheter (TPC) is a standard option for the management of recurrent pleural effusion (PE), both malignant and nonmalignant. Its ease of implantation, simple home management, and safety profile make it attractive for symptomatic patients requiring relief and improved quality of life. In patients with trapped lung, TPC is the best option for symptomatic relief. In cases of expandable lung, TPC is used to relieve symptoms and, in some cases, to achieve a desirable pleurodesis. In addition to TPC, there are other treatment alternatives in symptomatic PE that should be evaluated, and the final treatment decision should be individualized in each case, considering the patient’s preferences. We present the evidence on TPC in malignant and nonmalignant PE and outline the indications of the catheter according to the etiology of the effusion, discuss the most appropriate time for its implantation, and describe step by step how to do it.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Feasibility and potential clinical benefit of dose de-escalation in stereotactic ablative radiotherapy for lung cancer lesions with ground glass opacities
- Author
-
Carla Cases, Meritxell Mollà, Marcelo Sánchez, Mariana Benegas, Marc Ballestero, Sergi Serrano-Rueda, Gabriela Antelo, and Carles Gomà
- Subjects
Medical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicine ,R895-920 ,Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,RC254-282 - Abstract
Introduction: Treatment of neoplasic lung nodules with ground glass opacities (GGO) faces two primary challenges. First, the standard practice of treating GGOs as solid nodules, which effectively controls the tumor locally, but might increase associated toxicities. The second is the potential for dose calculation errors related to increased heterogeneity. This study addresses the optimization of a dose de-escalation regime for stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR) for GGO lesions. Materials and Methods: We used the CT scans of 35 patients (40 lesions) with some degree of GGO component treated at our institution between 2017 and 2021. We first assessed the dose calculation accuracy as a function of the GGO component of the lesion. We then analysed the advantages of a dose de-escalation regime in terms of lung dose reduction (Dmean, V20Gy and V300GyBED3) and plan robustness. Results: We found a positive correlation between the presence of GGO and the dose calculation errors in a phantom scenario. These differences are reduced for patient data and in the presence of breathing motion. When using a de-escalation regime, significant reductions were achieved in mean lung dose, V20Gy and V300GyBED3. This study also revealed that lower doses in GGO areas lead to more stable fluence patterns, increasing treatment robustness. Conclusions: The study lays the foundation for an eventual use of dose de-escalation in SABR for treating lung lesions with GGO, potentially leading to equivalent local control while reducing associated toxicities. These findings lay the groundwork for future clinical trials.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Malignant Pleural Effusion: A Multidisciplinary Approach
- Author
-
Ana Pardessus Otero, Albert Rafecas-Codern, José M. Porcel, Pere Serra-Mitjà, Lucía Ferreiro, Maribel Botana-Rial, Cristina Ramos-Hernández, José Manuel Brenes, Lydia Canales, Valle Camacho, Beatriz Romero-Romero, Juan Carlos Trujillo, Elisabeth Martinez, Enrique Cases, Andrés Barba, Margarita Majem, Ernest Güell, and Virginia Pajares
- Subjects
Derrame pleural maligno ,Pleural ,oncología ,Toracoscopia ,Pleurodesis ,Drenaje torácico ,Diseases of the respiratory system ,RC705-779 - Abstract
Malignant pleural effusion (MPE) has become an increasingly prevalent complication in oncological patients, negatively impacting their quality of life and casting a shadow over their prognosis. Owing to the pathophysiological mechanisms involved and the heterogeneous nature of the underlying disease, this entity is both a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. Advances in the understanding of MPE have led to a shift in the treatment paradigm towards a more personalized approach. This article provides a comprehensive review and update on the pathophysiology of MPE and describes the diagnostic tools and the latest advances in the treatment of this complex clinical entity. Resumen: El derrame pleural maligno (DPM) se ha convertido en una complicación cada vez más prevalente en los pacientes oncológicos, empeorando la calidad de vida y ensombreciendo el pronóstico de los mismos. Debido a los mecanismos fisiopatológicos involucrados y a la naturaleza heterogénea de la enfermedad subyacente, esta entidad representa un desafío diagnóstico y terapéutico. Los avances en la comprensión del DPM han originado un cambio en el paradigma del tratamiento hacia un enfoque más personalizado. Este artículo proporciona una revisión exhaustiva y una actualización sobre la fisiopatología del DPM, y describe las herramientas diagnósticas y los últimos avances en el tratamiento de esta compleja entidad clínica.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. The epsilon toxin from Clostridium perfringens stimulates calcium‐activated chloride channels, generating extracellular vesicles in Xenopus oocytes
- Author
-
Mercè Cases, Jonatan Dorca‐Arévalo, Marta Blanch, Sergi Rodil, Beatrice Terni, Mireia Martín‐Satué, Artur Llobet, Juan Blasi, and Carles Solsona
- Subjects
calcium‐activated chloride channels ,epsilon toxin ,extracellular vesicles ,pore‐forming toxins ,scramblase ,TMEM16A ,Therapeutics. Pharmacology ,RM1-950 - Abstract
Abstract The epsilon toxin (Etx) from Clostridium perfringens has been identified as a potential trigger of multiple sclerosis, functioning as a pore‐forming toxin that selectively targets cells expressing the plasma membrane (PM) myelin and lymphocyte protein (MAL). Previously, we observed that Etx induces the release of intracellular ATP in sensitive cell lines. Here, we aimed to re‐examine the mechanism of action of the toxin and investigate the connection between pore formation and ATP release. We examined the impact of Etx on Xenopus laevis oocytes expressing human MAL. Extracellular ATP was assessed using the luciferin‐luciferase reaction. Activation of calcium‐activated chloride channels (CaCCs) and a decrease in the PM surface were recorded using the two‐electrode voltage‐clamp technique. To evaluate intracellular Ca2+ levels and scramblase activity, fluorescent dyes were employed. Extracellular vesicles were imaged using light and electron microscopy, while toxin oligomers were identified through western blots. Etx triggered intracellular Ca2+ mobilization in the Xenopus oocytes expressing hMAL, leading to the activation of CaCCs, ATP release, and a reduction in PM capacitance. The toxin induced the activation of scramblase and, thus, translocated phospholipids from the inner to the outer leaflet of the PM, exposing phosphatidylserine outside in Xenopus oocytes and in an Etx‐sensitive cell line. Moreover, Etx caused the formation of extracellular vesicles, not derived from apoptotic bodies, through PM fission. These vesicles carried toxin heptamers and doughnut‐like structures in the nanometer size range. In conclusion, ATP release was not directly attributed to the formation of pores in the PM, but to scramblase activity and the formation of extracellular vesicles.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. First manifestation of cardiovascular disease according to age and sex in a Mediterranean country
- Author
-
Emilio Ortega, Idoia Genua, Manel Mata-Cases, Mercè Roqué, Bogdan Vlacho, Jordi Real Gatius, Josep Franch-Nadal, and Didac Mauricio
- Subjects
cardiovascular events ,epidemiology ,risk factors ,sex differences ,age differences ,large cohorts ,Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system ,RC666-701 - Abstract
BackgroundCardiovascular (CV) diseases are the most common cause of death worldwide. This study aimed to investigate the incidence and type of first CV event in a broad cohort of Spaniards, focusing on age and sex differences.MethodsThis was a retrospective study using the SIDIAP database. Subjects aged 30–89 years in 2010 were included. Individuals with prevalent CV disease or atrial fibrillation were excluded. Subjects were followed until the occurrence of a CV event, death, or the study end (December 2016). CV outcomes (coronary heart disease [CHD], cerebrovascular or peripheral artery disease and heart failure [HF]) during follow-up were analyzed. Clinical, anthropometrical, and laboratory data were retrieved from clinical records.ResultsOverall, 3,769,563 at-risk individuals (51.2 ± 15.2 years) were followed for a median of 7 years. The cumulative incidence of a first CV event was 6.66% (men vs. women, 7.48% vs. 5.90%), with the highest incidence (25.97%) among individuals >75 years. HF (29%) and CHD (28.8%) were the most common first events overall; in men it was CHD (33.6%), while in women it was HF and cerebrovascular disease (37.4% and 27.4%). In younger age groups, CHD was more prevalent, with HF in older age groups. Baseline CV risks factors conferred more risk in younger ages and differed between men and women.ConclusionsThe incidence and type of the first CV event in this Mediterranean region were significantly influenced by age and sex. This information is relevant for tailoring primary prevention strategies including the treatment of risk factors.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Sustainability capacity of a vegetable gardening intervention for cancer survivors
- Author
-
Cases, Mallory G, Blair, Cindy K, Hendricks, Peter S, Smith, Kerry, Snyder, Scott, and Demark-Wahnefried, Wendy
- Subjects
Health Services and Systems ,Nursing ,Health Sciences ,Prevention ,Cancer ,Clinical Research ,Good Health and Well Being ,Breast Neoplasms ,Cancer Survivors ,Female ,Gardening ,Health Behavior ,Humans ,Middle Aged ,Vegetables ,Cancer survivor ,Evaluation ,Health behavior ,Neoplasms ,Program sustainability ,Sustainability ,Public Health and Health Services ,Public Health ,Epidemiology ,Health services and systems ,Public health - Abstract
BackgroundHealth behavior interventions, especially those that promote improved diet and physical activity, are increasingly directed toward cancer survivors given their burgeoning numbers and high risk for comorbidity and functional decline. However, for health behavior interventions to achieve maximal public health impact, sustainability at both the individual and organizational levels is crucial. The current study aimed to assess the individual and organizational sustainability of the Harvest for Health mentored vegetable gardening intervention among cancer survivors.MethodsTelephone surveys were conducted among 100 cancer survivors (mean age 63 years; primarily breast cancer) completing one-of-two Harvest for Health feasibility trials. Surveys ascertained whether participants continued gardening, and if so, whether they had expanded their gardens. Additionally, surveys were emailed to 23 stakeholders (Cooperative Extension county agents, cancer support group leaders, and healthcare representatives) who were asked to rate the intervention's ability to generate sustained service and produce benefits over time using the eight-domain Program Sustainability Assessment Tool (PSAT).ResultsThe survey among cancer survivors (91.9% response rate) indicated that 85.7% continued gardening throughout the 12 months following intervention completion; 47.3% expanded their gardens beyond the space of the original intervention. Moreover, 5.5% of cancer survivors enrolled in the certification program to become Extension Master Gardeners. The survey among stakeholders generated a similar response rate (i.e., 91.3%) and favorable scores. Of the possible maximum of 7 points on the PSAT, the gardening intervention's "Overall Capacity for Sustainability" scored 5.7 (81.4% of the maximum score), with subscales for "Funding Stability" scoring the lowest though still favorably (5.0) and "Program Evaluation" scoring the highest (6.3).ConclusionsData support the sustainability capacity of the Harvest for Health vegetable gardening intervention for cancer survivors. Indeed, few interventions have proven as durable in terms of individual sustainability. Furthermore, Harvest for Health's overall organizational score of 5.7 on the PSAT is considered strong when compared to a previous review of over 250 programs, where the mean overall organizational PSAT score was 4.84. Thus, solutions for long-term funding are currently being explored to support this strong, holistic program that is directed toward this vulnerable and growing population.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02150148.
- Published
- 2022
50. Osteopathic treatment of a person with Arnold-Chiari malformation and Syringomyelia: A case report
- Author
-
Cases-Solé, Ramon, Varillas-Delgado, David, Trinidad-Cascudo, Ferran, Pino-Tamayo, M<ce:sup loc='post">a</ce:sup> Carmen, and García-Algar, Óscar
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.