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32 results on '"Cooper, R. J."'

1. Mobile Object Tracking in Panoramic Video and LiDAR for Radiological Source-Object Attribution and Improved Source Detection

Author

Marshall, M. R., Cooper, R. J., Curtis, J. C., Hellfeld, D., Joshi, T. H. Y., Salathe, M., and Vetter, K.

Subjects
Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Signal Processing
Abstract

The addition of contextual sensors to mobile radiation sensors provides valuable information about radiological source encounters that can assist in adjudication of alarms. This study explores how computer-vision based object detection and tracking analyses can be used to augment radiological data from a mobile detector system. We study how contextual information (streaming video and LiDAR) can be used to associate dynamic pedestrians or vehicles with radiological alarms to enhance both situational awareness and detection sensitivity. Possible source encounters were staged in a mock urban environment where participants included pedestrians and vehicles moving in the vicinity of an intersection. Data was collected with a vehicle equipped with 6 NaI(Tl) 2 inch times 4 inch times 16 inch detectors in a hexagonal arrangement and multiple cameras, LiDARs, and an IMU. Physics-based models that describe the expected count rates from tracked objects are used to correlate vehicle and/or pedestrian trajectories to measured count-rate data through the use of Poisson maximum likelihood estimation and to discern between source-carrying and non-source-carrying objects. In this work, we demonstrate the capabilities of our source-object attribution approach as applied to a mobile detection system in the presence of moving sources to improve both detection sensitivity and situational awareness in a mock urban environment.

Published
2023

2. Networked Sensing for Radiation Detection, Localization, and Tracking

Author

Cooper, R. J., Abgrall, N., Aversano, G., Bandstra, M. S., Hellfeld, D., Joshi, T. H., Negut, V., Quiter, B. J., Rofors, E., Salathe, M., Vetter, K., Beckman, P., Catlett, C., Ferrier, N., Kim, Y., Sankaran, R., Shahkarami, S., Amitkumar, S., Ayton, E., Kim, J., and Volkova, S.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Nuclear Experiment, Physics - Applied Physics
Abstract

The detection, identification, and localization of illicit radiological and nuclear material continue to be key components of nuclear non-proliferation and nuclear security efforts around the world. Networks of radiation detectors deployed at strategic locations in urban environments have the potential to provide continuous radiological/nuclear (R/N) surveillance and provide high probabilities of intercepting threat sources. The integration of contextual information from sensors such as video, Lidar, and meteorological sensors can provide significantly enhanced situational awareness, and improved detection and localization performance through the fusion of the radiological and contextual data. In this work, we present details of our work to establish a city-scale multi-sensor network testbed for intelligent, adaptive R/N detection in urban environments, and develop new techniques that enable city-scale source detection, localization, and tracking.

Published
2023

3. Background and Anomaly Learning Methods for Static Gamma-ray Detectors

Author

Bandstra, M. S., Abgrall, N., Cooper, R. J., Hellfeld, D., Joshi, T. H. Y., Negut, V., Quiter, B. J., Salathe, M., Sankaran, R., Kim, Y., and Shahkarami, S.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Physics - Applied Physics
Abstract

Static gamma-ray detector systems that are deployed outdoors for radiological monitoring purposes experience time- and spatially-varying natural backgrounds and encounters with man-made nuisance sources. In order to be sensitive to illicit sources, such systems must be able to distinguish those sources from benign variations due to, e.g., weather and human activity. In addition to fluctuations due to non-threats, each detector has its own response and energy resolution, so providing a large network of detectors with predetermined background and source templates can be an onerous task. Instead, we propose that static detectors use simple physics-informed algorithms to automatically learn the background and nuisance source signatures, which can them be used to bootstrap and feed into more complex algorithms. Specifically, we show that non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) can be used to distinguish static background from the effects of increased concentrations of radon progeny due to rainfall. We also show that a simple process of using multiple gross count rate filters can be used in real time to classify or ``triage'' spectra according to whether they belong to static, rain, or anomalous categories for processing with other algorithms. If a rain sensor is available, we propose a method to incorporate that signal as well. Two clustering methods for anomalous spectra are proposed, one using Kullback-Leibler divergence and the other using regularized NMF, with the goal of finding clusters of similar spectral anomalies that can be used to build anomaly templates. Finally we describe the issues involved in the implementation of some of these algorithms on deployed sensor nodes, including the need to monitor the background models for long-term drifting due to physical changes in the environment or changes in detector performance., Comment: 12 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science

Published
2023

4. The MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR Readout Electronics System

Author

Abgrall, N., Amman, M., Arnquist, I. J., Avignone III, F. T., Barabash, A. S., Barton, C. J., Barton, P. J., Bertrand, F. E., Bhimani, K. H., Bos, B., Bradley, A. W., Burritt, T. H., Busch, M., Buuck, M., Caldwell, T. S., Chan, Y-D., Christofferson, C. D., Chu, P. -H., Clark, M. L., Cooper, R. J., Cuesta, C., Detwiler, J. A., Drobizhev, A., Edwins, D. W., Efremenko, Yu., Ejiri, H., Elliott, S. R., Gilliss, T., Giovanetti, G. K., Green, M. P., Gruszko, J., Guinn, I. S., Guiseppe, V. E., Haufe, C. R., Hegedus, R. J., Henning, R., Aguilar, D. Hervas, Hoppe, E. W., Hostiuc, A., Kidd, M. F., Kim, I., Kouzes, R. T., Li, A., Loach, J. C., Lopez, A. M., López-Castaño, J. M., Luke, P. N., Martin, E. L., Martin, R. D., Massarczyk, R., Meijer, S. J., Mertens, S., Myslik, J., Oli, T. K., Othman, G., Peterson, D., Pettus, W., Poon, A. W. P., Radford, D. C., Rager, J., Reine, A. L., Rielage, K., Robertson, R. G. H., Ruof, N. W., Sayki, B., Stortini, M. J., Tedeschi, D., Turqueti, M., Van Wechel, T. D., Varner, R. L., Vasilyev, S., Vetter, K., Wilkerson, J. F., Wiseman, C., Xu, W., Yaver, H., Yu, C. -H., Zhu, B. X., and Zimmermann, S.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

The MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR comprises two arrays of high-purity germanium detectors constructed to search for neutrinoless double-beta decay in 76-Ge and other physics beyond the Standard Model. Its readout electronics were designed to have low electronic noise, and radioactive backgrounds were minimized by using low-mass components and low-radioactivity materials near the detectors. This paper provides a description of all components of the MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR readout electronics, spanning the front-end electronics and internal cabling, back-end electronics, digitizer, and power supplies, along with the grounding scheme. The spectroscopic performance achieved with these readout electronics is also demonstrated., Comment: For submission to JINST, 17 figures. v2: revised version

Published
2021
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5. LEGEND-1000 Preconceptual Design Report

Author

LEGEND Collaboration, Abgrall, N., Abt, I., Agostini, M., Alexander, A., Andreoiu, C., Araujo, G. R., Avignone III, F. T., Bae, W., Bakalyarov, A., Balata, M., Bantel, M., Barabanov, I., Barabash, A. S., Barbeau, P. S., Barton, C. J., Barton, P. J., Baudis, L., Bauer, C., Bernieri, E., Bezrukov, L., Bhimani, K. H., Biancacci, V., Blalock, E., Bolozdynya, A., Borden, S., Bos, B., Bossio, E., Boston, A., Bothe, V., Bouabid, R., Boyd, S., Brugnera, R., Burlac, N., Busch, M., Caldwell, A., Caldwell, T. S., Carney, R., Cattadori, C., Chan, Y. -D., Chernogorov, A., Christofferson, C. D., Chu, P. -H., Clark, M., Cohen, T., Combs, D., Comellato, T., Cooper, R. J., Costa, I. A., D'Andrea, V., Detwiler, J. A., Di Giacinto, A., Di Marco, N., Dobson, J., Drobizhev, A., Durand, M. R., Edzards, F., Efremenko, Yu., Elliott, S. R., Engelhardt, A., Fajt, L., Faud, N., Febbraro, M. T., Ferella, F., Fields, D. E., Fischer, F., Fomina, M., Fox, H., Franchi, J., Gala, R., Galindo-Uribarri, A., Gangapshev, A., Garfagnini, A., Geraci, A., Gilbert, C., Gold, M., Gooch, C., Gradwohl, K. P., Green, M. P., Grinyer, G. F., Grobov, A., Gruszko, J., Guinn, I., Guiseppe, V. E., Gurentsov, V., Gurov, Y., Gusev, K., Hacket, B., Hagemann, F., Hakenmüeller, J., Haranczyk, M., Hauertmann, L., Haufe, C. R., Hayward, C., Heffron, B., Henkes, F., Henning, R., Aguilar, D. Hervas, Hinton, J., Hodak, R., Hoffmann, H., Hofmann, W., Hostiuc, A., Huang, J., Hult, M., Mirza, M. Ibrahim, Jochum, J., Jones, R., Judson, D., Junker, M., Kaizer, J., Kazalov, V., Kermaïdic, Y., Khushbakht, H., Kidd, M., Kihm, T., Kilgus, K., Kim, I., Klimenko, A., Knöpfle, K. T., Kochetov, O., Konovalov, S. I., Kontul, I., Kool, K., Kormos, L. L., Kornoukhov, V. N., Korosec, M., Krause, P., Kuzminov, V. V., López-Castaño, J. M., Lang, K., Laubenstein, M., León, E., Lehnert, B., Leonhardt, A., Li, A., Lindner, M., Lippi, I., Liu, X., Liu, J., Loomba, D., Lubashevskiy, A., Lubsandorzhiev, B., Lusardi, N., Müller, Y., Macko, M., Macolino, C., Majorovits, B., Mamedov, F., Maneschg, W., Manzanillas, L., Marshall, G., Martin, R. D., Martin, E. L., Massarczyk, R., Mei, D., Meijer, S. J., Mertens, S., Misiaszek, M., Mondragon, E., Morella, M., Morgan, B., Mroz, T., Muenstermann, D., Nave, C. J., Nemchenok, I., Neuberger, M., Oli, T. K., Gann, G. Orebi, Othman, G., Palušova, V., Panth, R., Papp, L., Paudel, L. S., Pelczar, K., Perez, J. Perez, Pertoldi, L., Pettus, W., Piseri, P., Poon, A. W. P., Povinec, P., Pullia, A., Radford, D. C., Ramachers, Y. A., Ransom, C., Rauscher, L., Redchuk, M., Reine, A. L., Riboldi, S., Rielage, K., Rozov, S., Rukhadze, E., Rumyantseva, N., Runge, J., Ruof, N. W., Saakyan, R., Sailer, S., Salamanna, G., Salamida, F., Salvat, D. J., Sandukovsky, V., Schönert, S., Schültz, A., Schütt, M., Schaper, D. C., Schreiner, J., Schulz, O., Schuster, M., Schwarz, M., Schwingenheuer, B., Selivanenko, O., Shafiee, M., Shevchik, E., Shirchenko, M., Shitov, Y., Simgen, H., Simkovic, F., Skorokhvatov, M., Slavickova, M., Smolek, K., Smolnikov, A., Solomon, J. A., Song, G., Starosta, K., Stekl, I., Stommel, M., Stukov, D., Sumathi, R. R., Sweigart, D. A., Szczepaniec, K., Taffarello, L., Tagnani, D., Tayloe, R., Tedeschi, D., Turqueti, M., Varner, R. L., Vasilyev, S., Veresnikova, A., Vetter, K., Vignoli, C., Vogl, C., von Sturm, K., Waters, D., Waters, J. C., Wei, W., Wiesinger, C., Wilkerson, J. F., Willers, M., Wiseman, C., Wojcik, M., Wu, V. H. -S., Xu, W., Yakushev, E., Ye, T., Yu, C. -H., Yumatov, V., Zaretski, N., Zeman, J., Zhitnikov, I., Zinatulina, D., Zschocke, A. -K., Zsigmond, A. J., Zuber, K., and Zuzel, G.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

We propose the construction of LEGEND-1000, the ton-scale Large Enriched Germanium Experiment for Neutrinoless $\beta \beta$ Decay. This international experiment is designed to answer one of the highest priority questions in fundamental physics. It consists of 1000 kg of Ge detectors enriched to more than 90% in the $^{76}$Ge isotope operated in a liquid argon active shield at a deep underground laboratory. By combining the lowest background levels with the best energy resolution in the field, LEGEND-1000 will perform a quasi-background-free search and can make an unambiguous discovery of neutrinoless double-beta decay with just a handful of counts at the decay $Q$ value. The experiment is designed to probe this decay with a 99.7%-CL discovery sensitivity in the $^{76}$Ge half-life of $1.3\times10^{28}$ years, corresponding to an effective Majorana mass upper limit in the range of 9-21 meV, to cover the inverted-ordering neutrino mass scale with 10 yr of live time.

Published
2021

6. COHERENT Collaboration data release from the first observation of coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering

Author

COHERENT Collaboration, Akimov, D., Albert, J. B., An, P., Awe, C., Barbeau, P. S., Becker, B., Belov, V., Blackston, M. A., Bolozdynya, A., Brown, A., Burenkov, A., Cabrera-Palmer, B., Cervantes, M., Collar, J. I., Cooper, R. J., Cooper, R. L., Cuesta, C., Daughhetee, J., Dean, D. J., Coello, M. del Valle, Detwiler, J., D'Onofrio, M., Eberhardt, A., Efremenko, Y., Elliott, S. R., Etenko, A., Fabris, L., Febbraro, M., Fields, N., Fox, W., Fu, Z., Galindo-Uribarri, A., Green, M. P., Hai, M., Heath, M. R., Hedges, S., Hornback, D., Hossbach, T. W., Iverson, E. B., Kaemingk, M., Kaufman, L. J., Klein, S. R., Khromov, A., Ki, S., Konovalov, A., Kovalenko, A., Kremer, M., Kumpan, A., Leadbetter, C., Li, L., Lu, W., Mann, K., Markoff, D. M., Melikyan, Y., Miller, K., Moreno, H., Mueller, P. E., Naumov, P., Newby, J., Orrell, J. L., Overman, C. T., Parno, D. S., Penttila, S., Perumpilly, G., Radford, D. C., Rapp, R., Ray, H., Raybern, J., Reyna, D., Rich, G. C., Rimal, D., Rudik, D., Salvat, D. J., Scholberg, K., Scholz, B., Sinev, G., Snow, W. M., Sosnovtsev, V., Shakirov, A., Suchyta, S., Suh, B., Tayloe, R., Thornton, R. T., Tolstukhin, I., Vanderwerp, J., Varner, R. L., Virtue, C. J., Wan, Z., Yoo, J., Yu, C. -H., Zawada, A., Zderic, A., and Zettlemoyer, J.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

This release includes data and information necessary to perform independent analyses of the COHERENT result presented in Akimov et al., arXiv:1708.01294 [nucl-ex]. Data is shared in a binned, text-based format, including both "signal" and "background" regions, so that counts and associated uncertainties can be quantitatively calculated for the purpose of separate analyses. This document describes the included information and its format, offering some guidance on use of the data. Accompanying code examples show basic interaction with the data using Python.

Published
2018
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7. COHERENT 2018 at the Spallation Neutron Source

Author

Akimov, D., Albert, J. B., An, P., Awe, C., Barbeau, P. S., Becker, B., Belov, V., Blackston, M. A., Bolozdynya, A., Brown, A., Burenkov, A., Cabrera-Palmer, B., Cervantes, M., Collar, J. I., Cooper, R. J., Cooper, R. L., Daughhetee, J., Dean, D. J., Coello, M. del Valle, Detwiler, J. A., D'Onofrio, M., Efremenko, Y., Elliott, S. R., Erkela, E., Etenko, A., Fabris, L., Febbraro, M., Fields, N., Fox, W., Galindo-Uribarri, A., Green, M. P., Heath, M. R., Hedges, S., Iverson, E. B., Kaemingk, M., Kaufman, L. J., Klein, S. R., Khromov, A., Ki, S., Konovalov, A., Kovalenko, A., Kumpan, A., Li, L., Lu, W., Mann, K., Melikyan, Y., Markoff, D. M., Moreno, H., Mueller, P. E., Naumov, P., Newby, J., Parno, D. S., Penttila, S., Perumpilly, G., Radford, D., Rapp, R., Ray, H., Raybern, J., Reyna, D., Rich, G. C., Rimal, D., Rudik, D., Salvat, D. J., Scholberg, K., Scholz, B., Sinev, G., Snow, W. M., Sosnovtsev, V., Shakirov, A., Suh, B., Tayloe, R., Thornton, R. T., Tolstukhin, I., Vanderwerp, J., Varner, R. L., Virtue, C. J., Yoo, J., Yu, C. -H., and Zettlemoyer, J.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

The primary goal of the COHERENT collaboration is to measure and study coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering (CEvNS) using the high-power, few-tens-of-MeV, pulsed source of neutrinos provided by the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL). The COHERENT collaboration reported the first detection of CEvNS [Akimov:2017ade] using a CsI[Na] detector. At present the collaboration is deploying four detector technologies: a CsI[Na] scintillating crystal, p-type point-contact germanium detectors, single-phase liquid argon, and NaI[Tl] crystals. All detectors are located in the neutron-quiet basement of the SNS target building at distances 20-30 m from the SNS neutrino source. The simultaneous measurement in all four COHERENT detector subsystems will test the $N^2$ dependence of the cross section and search for new physics. In addition, COHERENT is measuring neutrino-induced neutrons from charged- and neutral-current neutrino interactions on nuclei in shielding materials, which represent a non-negligible background for CEvNS as well as being of intrinsic interest. The Collaboration is planning as well to look for charged-current interactions of relevance to supernova and weak-interaction physics. This document describes concisely the COHERENT physics motivations, sensitivity, and next plans for measurements at the SNS to be accomplished on a few-year timescale., Comment: 22 pages, 14 figures

Published
2018

8. Search for Zero-Neutrino Double Beta Decay in 76Ge with the Majorana Demonstrator

Author

Aalseth, C. E., Abgrall, N., Aguayo, E., Alvis, S. I., Amman, M., Arnquist, I. J., Avignone III, F. T., Back, H. O., Barabash, A. S., Barbeau, P. S., Barton, C. J., Barton, P. J., Bertrand, F. E., Bode, T., Bos, B., Boswell, M., Brodzinski, R. L., Bradley, A. W., Brudanin, V., Busch, M., Buuck, M., Caldwell, A. S., Caldwell, T. S., Chan, Y-D., Christofferson, C. D., Chu, P. -H., Collar, J. I., Combs, D. C., Cooper, R. J., Cuesta, C., Detwiler, J. A., Doe, P. J., Dunmore, J. A., Efremenko, Yu., Ejiri, H., Elliott, S. R., Fast, J. E., Finnerty, P., Fraenkle, F. M., Fu, Z., Fujikawa, B. K., Fuller, E., Galindo-Uribarri, A., Gehman, V. M., Gilliss, T., Giovanetti, G. K., Goett, J., Green, M. P., Gruszko, J., Guinn, I. S., Guiseppe, V. E., Hallin, A. L., Haufe, C. R., Hehn, L., Henning, R., Hoppe, E. W., Hossbach, T. W., Howe, M. A., Jasinski, B. R., Johnson, R. A., Keeter, K. J., Kephart, J. D., Kidd, M. F., Knecht, A., Konovalov, S. I., Kouzes, R. T., Lesko, K. T., LaFerriere, B. D., Leon, J., Leviner, L. E., Loach, J. C., Lopez, A. M., Luke, P. N., MacMullin, J., MacMullin, S., Marino, M. G., Martin, R. D., Massarczyk, R., McDonald, A. B., Mei, D. -M., Meijer, S. J., Merriman, J. H., Mertens, S., Miley, H. S., Miller, M. L., Myslik, J., Orrell, J. L., O'Shaughnessy, C., Othman, G., Overman, N. R., Pettus, W., Phillips II, D. G., Poon, A. W. P., Perumpilly, G., Pushkin, K., Radford, D. C., Rager, J., Reeves, J. H., Reine, A. L., Rielage, K., Robertson, R. G. H., Ronquest, M. C., Ruof, N. W., Schubert, A. G., Shanks, B., Shirchenko, M., Snavely, K. J., Snyder, N., Steele, D., Suriano, A. M., Tedeschi, D., Tornow, W., Trimble, J. E., Varner, R. L., Vasilyev, S., Vetter, K., Vorren, K., White, B. R., Wilkerson, J. F., Wiseman, C., Xu, W., Yakushev, E., Yaver, H., Young, A. R., Yu, C. -H., Yumatov, V., Zhitnikov, I., Zhu, B. X., and Zimmermann, S.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

The \MJ\ Collaboration is operating an array of high purity Ge detectors to search for neutrinoless double-beta decay in $^{76}$Ge. The \MJ\ \DEM\ comprises 44.1~kg of Ge detectors (29.7 kg enriched in $^{76}$Ge) split between two modules contained in a low background shield at the Sanford Underground Research Facility in Lead, South Dakota. Here we present results from data taken during construction, commissioning, and the start of full operations. We achieve unprecedented energy resolution of 2.5 keV FWHM at \qval\ and a very low background with no observed candidate events in 10 kg yr of enriched Ge exposure, resulting in a lower limit on the half-life of $1.9\times10^{25}$ yr (90\% CL). This result constrains the effective Majorana neutrino mass to below 240 to 520 meV, depending on the matrix elements used. In our experimental configuration with the lowest background, the background is $4.0_{-2.5}^{+3.1}$ counts/(FWHM t yr)., Comment: typos fixed

Published
2017
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9. The Large Enriched Germanium Experiment for Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay (LEGEND)

Author

LEGEND Collaboration, Abgrall, N., Abramov, A., Abrosimov, N., Abt, I., Agostini, M., Agartioglu, M., Ajjaq, A., Alvis, S. I., Avignone III, F. T., Bai, X., Balata, M., Barabanov, I., Barabash, A. S., Barton, P. J., Baudis, L., Bezrukov, L., Bode, T., Bolozdynya, A., Borowicz, D., Boston, A., Boston, H., Boyd, S. T. P., Breier, R., Brudanin, V., Brugnera, R., Busch, M., Buuck, M., Caldwell, A., Caldwell, T. S., Camellato, T., Carpenter, M., Cattadori, C., Cederkäll, J., Chan, Y. -D., Chen, S., Chernogorov, A., Christofferson, C. D., Chu, P. -H., Cooper, R. J., Cuesta, C., Demidova, E. V., Deng, Z., Deniz, M., Detwiler, J. A., Di Marco, N., Domula, A., Du, Q., Efremenko, Yu., Egorov, V., Elliott, S. R., Fields, D., Fischer, F., Galindo-Uribarri, A., Gangapshev, A., Garfagnini, A., Gilliss, T., Giordano, M., Giovanetti, G. K., Gold, M., Golubev, P., Gooch, C., Grabmayr, P., Green, M. P., Gruszko, J., Guinn, I. S., Guiseppe, V. E., Gurentsov, V., Gurov, Y., Gusev, K., Hakenmüeller, J., Harkness-Brennan, L., Harvey, Z. R., Haufe, C. R., Hauertmann, L., Heglund, D., Hehn, L., Heinz, A., Hiller, R., Hinton, J., Hodak, R., Hofmann, W., Howard, S., Howe, M. A., Hult, M., Inzhechik, L. V., Csáthy, J. Janicskó, Janssens, R., Ješkovský, M., Jochum, J., Johansson, H. T., Judson, D., Junker, M., Kaizer, J., Kang, K., Kazalov, V., Kermaïdic, Y., Kiessling, F., Kirsch, A., Kish, A., Klimenko, A., Knöpfle, K. T. K. T., Kochetov, O., Konovalov, S. I., Kontul, I., Kornoukhov, V. N., Kraetzschmar, T., Kröninger, K., Kumar, A., Kuzminov, V. V., Lang, K., Laubenstein, M., Lazzaro, A., Li, Y. L., Li, Y. -Y., Li, H. B., Lin, S. T., Lindner, M., Lippi, I., Liu, S. K., Liu, X., Liu, J., Loomba, D., Lubashevskiy, A., Lubsandorzhiev, B., Lutter, G., Ma, H., Majorovits, B., Mamedov, F., Martin, R. D., Massarczyk, R., Matthews, J. A. J., McFadden, N., Mei, D. -M., Mei, H., Meijer, S. J., Mengoni, D., Mertens, S., Miller, W., Miloradovic, M., Mingazheva, R., Misiaszek, M., Moseev, P., Myslik, J., Nemchenok, I., Nilsson, T., Nolan, P., O'Shaughnessy, C., Othman, G., Panas, K., Pandola, L., Papp, L., Pelczar, K., Peterson, D., Pettus, W., Poon, A. W. P., Povinec, P. P., Pullia, A., Quintana, X. C., Radford, D. C., Rager, J., Ransom, C., Recchia, F., Reine, A. L., Riboldi, S., Rielage, K., Rozov, S., Rouf, N. W., Rukhadze, E., Rumyantseva, N., Saakyan, R., Sala, E., Salamida, F., Sandukovsky, V., Savard, G., Schönert, S., Schütz, A. -K., Schulz, O., Schuster, M., Schwingenheuer, B., Selivanenko, O., Sevda, B., Shanks, B., Shevchik, E., Shirchenko, M., Simkovic, F., Singh, L., Singh, V., Skorokhvatov, M., Smolek, K., Smolnikov, A., Sonay, A., Spavorova, M., Stekl, I., Stukov, D., Tedeschi, D., Thompson, J., Van Wechel, T., Varner, R. L., Vasenko, A. A., Vasilyev, S., Veresnikova, A., Vetter, K., von Sturm, K., Vorren, K., Wagner, M., Wang, G. -J., Waters, D., Wei, W. -Z., Wester, T., White, B. R., Wiesinger, C., Wilkerson, J. F., Willers, M., Wiseman, C., Wojcik, M., Wong, H. T., Wyenberg, J., Xu, W., Yakushev, E., Yang, G., Yu, C. -H., Yue, Q., Yumatov, V., Zeman, J., Zeng, Z., Zhitnikov, I., Zhu, B., Zinatulina, D., Zschocke, A., Zsigmond, A. J., Zuber, K., and Zuzel, G.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

The observation of neutrinoless double-beta decay (0${\nu}{\beta}{\beta}$) would show that lepton number is violated, reveal that neutrinos are Majorana particles, and provide information on neutrino mass. A discovery-capable experiment covering the inverted ordering region, with effective Majorana neutrino masses of 15 - 50 meV, will require a tonne-scale experiment with excellent energy resolution and extremely low backgrounds, at the level of $\sim$0.1 count /(FWHM$\cdot$t$\cdot$yr) in the region of the signal. The current generation $^{76}$Ge experiments GERDA and the MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR utilizing high purity Germanium detectors with an intrinsic energy resolution of 0.12%, have achieved the lowest backgrounds by over an order of magnitude in the 0${\nu}{\beta}{\beta}$ signal region of all 0${\nu}{\beta}{\beta}$ experiments. Building on this success, the LEGEND collaboration has been formed to pursue a tonne-scale $^{76}$Ge experiment. The collaboration aims to develop a phased 0${\nu}{\beta}{\beta}$ experimental program with discovery potential at a half-life approaching or at $10^{28}$ years, using existing resources as appropriate to expedite physics results., Comment: Proceedings of the MEDEX'17 meeting (Prague, May 29 - June 2, 2017)

Published
2017
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10. Observation of Coherent Elastic Neutrino-Nucleus Scattering

Author

Akimov, D., Albert, J. B., An, P., Awe, C., Barbeau, P. S., Becker, B., Belov, V., Brown, A., Bolozdynya, A., Cabrera-Palmer, B., Cervantes, M., Collar, J. I., Cooper, R. J., Cooper, R. L., Cuesta, C., Dean, D. J., Detwiler, J. A., Eberhardt, A., Efremenko, Y., Elliott, S. R., Erkela, E. M., Fabris, L., Febbraro, M., Fields, N. E., Fox, W., Fu, Z., Galindo-Uribarri, A., Green, M. P., Hai, M., Heath, M. R., Hedges, S., Hornback, D., Hossbach, T. W., Iverson, E. B., Kaufman, L. J., Ki, S., Klein, S. R., Khromov, A., Konovalov, A., Kremer, M., Kumpan, A., Leadbetter, C., Li, L., Lu, W., Mann, K., Markoff, D. M., Miller, K., Moreno, H., Mueller, P. E., Newby, J., Orrell, J. L., Overman, C. T., Parno, D. S., Penttila, S., Perumpilly, G., Ray, H., Raybern, J., Reyna, D., Rich, G. C., Rimal, D., Rudik, D., Scholberg, K., Scholz, B. J., Sinev, G., Snow, W. M., Sosnovtsev, V., Shakirov, A., Suchyta, S., Suh, B., Tayloe, R., Thornton, R. T., Tolstukhin, I., Vanderwerp, J., Varner, R. L., Virtue, C. J., Wan, Z., Yoo, J., Yu, C. -H., Zawada, A., Zettlemoyer, J., and Zderic, A. M.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Nuclear Theory
Abstract

The coherent elastic scattering of neutrinos off nuclei has eluded detection for four decades, even though its predicted cross-section is the largest by far of all low-energy neutrino couplings. This mode of interaction provides new opportunities to study neutrino properties, and leads to a miniaturization of detector size, with potential technological applications. We observe this process at a 6.7-sigma confidence level, using a low-background, 14.6-kg CsI[Na] scintillator exposed to the neutrino emissions from the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Characteristic signatures in energy and time, predicted by the Standard Model for this process, are observed in high signal-to-background conditions. Improved constraints on non-standard neutrino interactions with quarks are derived from this initial dataset.

Published
2017
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11. The COHERENT Experiment at the Spallation Neutron Source

Author

COHERENT Collaboration, Akimov, D., An, P., Awe, C., Barbeau, P. S., Barton, P., Becker, B., Belov, V., Bolozdynya, A., Burenkov, A., Cabrera-Palmer, B., Collar, J. I., Cooper, R. J., Cooper, R. L., Cuesta, C., Dean, D., Detwiler, J., Dolgolenko, A. G., Efremenko, Y., Elliott, S. R., Etenko, A., Fields, N., Fox, W., Galindo-Uribarri, A., Green, M., Heath, M., Hedges, S., Hornback, D., Iverson, E. B., Kaufman, L., Klein, S. R., Khromov, A., Konovalov, A., Kovalenko, A., Kumpan, A., Leadbetter, C., Li, L., Lu, W., Melikyan, Y., Markoff, D., Miller, K., Middlebrook, M., Mueller, P., Naumov, P., Newby, J., Parno, D., Penttila, S., Perumpilly, G., Radford, D., Ray, H., Raybern, J., Reyna, D., Rich, G. C., Rimal, D., Rudik, D., Scholberg, K., Scholz, B., Snow, W. M., Sosnovtsev, A., Shakirov, A., Suchyta, S., Suh, B., Tayloe, R., Thornton, R. T., Tolstukhin, A., Vetter, K., and Yu, C. H.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

The COHERENT collaboration's primary objective is to measure coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering (CEvNS) using the unique, high-quality source of tens-of-MeV neutrinos provided by the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL). In spite of its large cross section, the CEvNS process has never been observed, due to tiny energies of the resulting nuclear recoils which are out of reach for standard neutrino detectors. The measurement of CEvNS has now become feasible, thanks to the development of ultra-sensitive technology for rare decay and weakly-interacting massive particle (dark matter) searches. The CEvNS cross section is cleanly predicted in the standard model; hence its measurement provides a standard model test. It is relevant for supernova physics and supernova-neutrino detection, and enables validation of dark-matter detector background and detector-response models. In the long term, precision measurement of CEvNS will address questions of nuclear structure. COHERENT will deploy multiple detector technologies in a phased approach: a 14-kg CsI[Na] scintillating crystal, 15 kg of p-type point-contact germanium detectors, and 100 kg of liquid xenon in a two-phase time projection chamber. Following an extensive background measurement campaign, a location in the SNS basement has proven to be neutron-quiet and suitable for deployment of the COHERENT detector suite. The simultaneous deployment of the three COHERENT detector subsystems will test the $N^2$ dependence of the cross section and ensure an unambiguous discovery of CEvNS. This document describes concisely the COHERENT physics motivations, sensitivity and plans for measurements at the SNS to be accomplished on a four-year timescale., Comment: 19 pages, 12 figures: corrections to author list

Published
2015

17. Headteachers' and chairs of governors' perspectives on adolescent obesity and its prevention in English secondary school settings.

Author

Booth, E, Halliday, V, and Cooper, R J

Subjects
HIGH schools, FOOD habits, SEDENTARY lifestyles, HEALTH policy, RESEARCH, ENGLISH language, SCHOOL health services, HEALTH services accessibility, CHILDHOOD obesity, PRACTICAL politics, RESEARCH methodology, CROSS-sectional method, SCHOOL administrators -- Psychology, COLLEGE teacher attitudes, PUBLIC health, INTERVIEWING, QUANTITATIVE research, QUALITATIVE research, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, HEALTH attitudes, SCALE analysis (Psychology), JUDGMENT sampling, POLICY sciences, THEMATIC analysis, DATA analysis software, HIGH school students
Abstract

Background Secondary schools are an important setting for preventing obesity in adolescence. Headteachers and chairs of governors are identified in national guidance as crucial stakeholders for school-based preventative action. Despite this, their views remain unexplored and unrepresented. Methods A sequential mixed method study was conducted. Semi-structured interviews were undertaken with a purposive sample of 22 secondary school headteachers and chairs of governors in England. Data were thematically analysed and informed the development of a descriptive cross-sectional survey, completed by 127 participants from the same population. Results Unhealthy dietary and sedentary behaviours were viewed as a more significant problem than adolescent obesity. Obesity was perceived as complex and multi-causal, and a range of stakeholders were deemed to have responsibility for its prevention, most notably parents. Support was identified for the role of secondary schools, although this was not an explicit priority and extensive internal and external barriers exist, which hinder preventative action. Conclusions Whilst secondary school settings in England remain an important setting for the prevention of adolescent obesity, it is crucial for policy makers and public health professionals to recognize the factors affecting school leaders' ability and willingness to contribute to this agenda. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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24. The large enriched germanium experiment for neutrinoless double beta decay (LEGEND)

Author

Abgrall, N., primary, Abramov, A., additional, Abrosimov, N., additional, Abt, I., additional, Agostini, M., additional, Agartioglu, M., additional, Ajjaq, A., additional, Alvis, S. I., additional, Avignone, F. T., additional, Bai, X., additional, Balata, M., additional, Barabanov, I., additional, Barabash, A. S., additional, Barton, P. J., additional, Baudis, L., additional, Bezrukov, L., additional, Bode, T., additional, Bolozdynya, A., additional, Borowicz, D., additional, Boston, A., additional, Boston, H., additional, Boyd, S. T. P., additional, Breier, R., additional, Brudanin, V., additional, Brugnera, R., additional, Busch, M., additional, Buuck, M., additional, Caldwell, A., additional, Caldwell, T. S., additional, Camellato, T., additional, Carpenter, M., additional, Cattadori, C., additional, Cederkäll, J., additional, Chan, Y.-D., additional, Chen, S., additional, Chernogorov, A., additional, Christofferson, C. D., additional, Chu, P.-H., additional, Cooper, R. J., additional, Cuesta, C., additional, Demidova, E. V., additional, Deng, Z., additional, Deniz, M., additional, Detwiler, J. A., additional, Di Marco, N., additional, Domula, A., additional, Du, Q., additional, Efremenko, Yu., additional, Egorov, V., additional, Elliott, S. R., additional, Fields, D., additional, Fischer, F., additional, Galindo-Uribarri, A., additional, Gangapshev, A., additional, Garfagnini, A., additional, Gilliss, T., additional, Giordano, M., additional, Giovanetti, G. K., additional, Gold, M., additional, Golubev, P., additional, Gooch, C., additional, Grabmayr, P., additional, Green, M. P., additional, Gruszko, J., additional, Guinn, I. S., additional, Guiseppe, V. E., additional, Gurentsov, V., additional, Gurov, Y., additional, Gusev, K., additional, Hakenmüeller, J., additional, Harkness-Brennan, L., additional, Harvey, Z. R., additional, Haufe, C. R., additional, Hauertmann, L., additional, Heglund, D., additional, Hehn, L., additional, Heinz, A., additional, Hiller, R., additional, Hinton, J., additional, Hodak, R., additional, Hofmann, W., additional, Howard, S., additional, Howe, M. A., additional, Hult, M., additional, Inzhechik, L. V., additional, Csáthy, J. Janicskó, additional, Janssens, R., additional, Ješkovský, M., additional, Jochum, J., additional, Johansson, H. T., additional, Judson, D., additional, Junker, M., additional, Kaizer, J., additional, Kang, K., additional, Kazalov, V., additional, Kermadic, Y., additional, Kiessling, F., additional, Kirsch, A., additional, Kish, A., additional, Klimenko, A., additional, Knöpfle, K. T., additional, Kochetov, O., additional, Konovalov, S. I., additional, Kontul, I., additional, Kornoukhov, V. N., additional, Kraetzschmar, T., additional, Kröninger, K., additional, Kumar, A., additional, Kuzminov, V. V., additional, Lang, K., additional, Laubenstein, M., additional, Lazzaro, A., additional, Li, Y. L., additional, Li, Y.-Y., additional, Li, H. B., additional, Lin, S. T., additional, Lindner, M., additional, Lippi, I., additional, Liu, S. K., additional, Liu, X., additional, Liu, J., additional, Loomba, D., additional, Lubashevskiy, A., additional, Lubsandorzhiev, B., additional, Lutter, G., additional, Ma, H., additional, Majorovits, B., additional, Mamedov, F., additional, Martin, R. D., additional, Massarczyk, R., additional, Matthews, J. A. J., additional, McFadden, N., additional, Mei, D.-M., additional, Mei, H., additional, Meijer, S. J., additional, Mengoni, D., additional, Mertens, S., additional, Miller, W., additional, Miloradovic, M., additional, Mingazheva, R., additional, Misiaszek, M., additional, Moseev, P., additional, Myslik, J., additional, Nemchenok, I., additional, Nilsson, T., additional, Nolan, P., additional, O’Shaughnessy, C., additional, Othman, G., additional, Panas, K., additional, Pandola, L., additional, Papp, L., additional, Pelczar, K., additional, Peterson, D., additional, Pettus, W., additional, Poon, A. W. P., additional, Povinec, P. P., additional, Pullia, A., additional, Quintana, X. C., additional, Radford, D. C., additional, Rager, J., additional, Ransom, C., additional, Recchia, F., additional, Reine, A. L., additional, Riboldi, S., additional, Rielage, K., additional, Rozov, S., additional, Rouf, N. W., additional, Rukhadze, E., additional, Rumyantseva, N., additional, Saakyan, R., additional, Sala, E., additional, Salamida, F., additional, Sandukovsky, V., additional, Savard, G., additional, Schönert, S., additional, Schütz, A.-K., additional, Schulz, O., additional, Schuster, M., additional, Schwingenheuer, B., additional, Selivanenko, O., additional, Sevda, B., additional, Shanks, B., additional, Shevchik, E., additional, Shirchenko, M., additional, Simkovic, F., additional, Singh, L., additional, Singh, V., additional, Skorokhvatov, M., additional, Smolek, K., additional, Smolnikov, A., additional, Sonay, A., additional, Spavorova, M., additional, Stekl, I., additional, Stukov, D., additional, Tedeschi, D., additional, Thompson, J., additional, Van Wechel, T., additional, Varner, R. L., additional, Vasenko, A. A., additional, Vasilyev, S., additional, Veresnikova, A., additional, Vetter, K., additional, von Sturm, K., additional, Vorren, K., additional, Wagner, M., additional, Wang, G.-J., additional, Waters, D., additional, Wei, W.-Z., additional, Wester, T., additional, White, B. R., additional, Wiesinger, C., additional, Wilkerson, J. F., additional, Willers, M., additional, Wiseman, C., additional, Wojcik, M., additional, Wong, H. T., additional, Wyenberg, J., additional, Xu, W., additional, Yakushev, E., additional, Yang, G., additional, Yu, C.-H., additional, Yue, Q., additional, Yumatov, V., additional, Zeman, J., additional, Zeng, Z., additional, Zhitnikov, I., additional, Zhu, B., additional, Zinatulina, D., additional, Zschocke, A., additional, Zsigmond, A. J., additional, Zuber, K., additional, and Zuzel, G., additional

Published
2017
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27. Effect of increasing initial implant dosage on feedlot performance and carcass characteristics of long-fed steer and heifer calves1,2

Author

Hilscher, F. H., Streeter, M. N., Vander Pol, K. J., Dicke, B. D., Cooper, R. J., Jordon, D. J., Scott, T. L., Vogstad, A. R., Peterson, R. E., Depenbusch, B. E., Erickson, G. E., Hilscher, F. H., Streeter, M. N., Vander Pol, K. J., Dicke, B. D., Cooper, R. J., Jordon, D. J., Scott, T. L., Vogstad, A. R., Peterson, R. E., Depenbusch, B. E., and Erickson, G. E.

Abstract

Three experiments evaluated initial implant strategies for finishing cattle. In Exp. 1, heifers (n = 1,405; initial BW = 282 kg) were given (1) Revalor-IH followed by Revalor-200 (REV-IH/200), (2) Revalor-H followed by Revalor-200 (REV-H/200), or (3) Revalor-200 followed by Revalor-200 (REV-200/200). Intake, ADG, and G:F were not affected (P ≥ 0.14) by implant strategies, nor were HCW and LM area (P ≥ 0.16). Percent USDA Choice was greater (P < 0.01) for Rev-IH/200 compared with Rev-H/200 and Rev-200/200. Experiment 2 used steers (n = 1,858; initial BW = 250 kg) given (1) Revalor-IS reimplanted with Revalor-200 (Rev-IS/200), (2) Revalor-XS followed by Revalor-IS (Rev-XS/IS), (3) Revalor-XS followed by Revalor-S (Rev-XS/S), or (4) Revalor-XS followed by Revalor-200 (Rev-XS/200). Implanting strategies did not affect (P ≥ 0.32) DMI or G:F. Carcass traits were not different (P ≥ 0.18) among treatments, except steers implanted with Rev-XS/200 had greater (P < 0.01) LM area. In Exp. 3, steers (n = 1,408; initial BW = 305 kg) were given (1) Rev-IS/200, (2) Rev-200/200, or (3) Rev-XS/200. Gain and G:F did not differ (P ≥ 0.36) among the 3 implant strategies, nor did HCW or marbling score (P ≥ 0.15). Steers given Rev-XS/200 had greater (P < 0.01) LM area and decreased (P ≤ 0.05) 12th-rib fat and YG compared with Rev-200/200 and Rev-IS/200. Using Rev-200/200 and Rev-XS/200 increased (P = 0.03) USDA Select compared with Rev-IS/200. Using greater-initial-dose implant strategies may not affect ADG or G:F but appears to increase leanness.

Published
2016

30. Divergent forecasts for two salt marsh specialists in response to sea level rise.

Author

Hunter, E. A., Nibbelink, N. P., and Cooper, R. J.

Subjects
BIRD ecology, SALT marsh ecology, ABSOLUTE sea level change, SPECIES distribution, BIRD habitats, ENVIRONMENTAL monitoring
Abstract

Ecosystem specialists are predicted to be more vulnerable to global change than generalists, but whether specialists within an ecosystem will respond similarly to those changes is often largely unknown. Will specialists track changes in their habitats as a group, or are their distributions governed by landscape gradients that will make some species more sensitive to habitat changes? In this study, we forecasted the effects of sea level rise ( SLR) on two salt marsh specialist bird species: clapper rails Rallus crepitans and seaside sparrows Ammodramus maritimus. We sampled the abundance of these two species in salt marshes throughout the Georgia, USA, coast in 2013-2014, and analyzed count data using a Bayesian N-mixture model. Model predictions were applied to an SLR land cover model to determine distribution shifts over 100 years. Both species distributions were most sensitive to the relative elevation gradient, with clapper rails using lower elevation marshes and seaside sparrows using higher elevation marshes. These disparities in habitat use, along with other differences according to marsh salinity and distance to forested areas, led to divergent responses to SLR. Clapper rail habitat is predicted to increase with SLR by 52%, but seaside sparrow habitat will contract by 81% by the year 2100. Seaside sparrow habitat is not predicted to decline until sometime between 2025 and 2050, at which point the decline will rapidly accelerate, indicating the importance of careful monitoring in future decades. Diverging responses to a global perturbation create a conservation planning dilemma: if specialists have opposing responses to SLR, it may be difficult to manage conservation areas that accommodate many species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2017
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31. Developing managed aquifer recharge (MAR) to augment irrigation water resources in the sand and gravel (Crag) aquifer of coastal Suffolk, UK.

Author

Hiscock KM, Balashova N, Cooper RJ, Bradford P, Patrick J, and Hullis M

Subjects
Sand, Water Supply, United Kingdom, Water Resources, Groundwater
Abstract

Managed aquifer recharge (MAR) offers a potential innovative solution for addressing groundwater resource issues, enabling excess surface water to be stored underground for later abstraction. Given its favourable hydrogeological properties, the Pliocene sand and gravel (Crag) aquifer in Suffolk, UK, was selected for a demonstration MAR scheme, with the goal of supplying additional summer irrigation water. The recharge source was a 4.6 km drainage channel that discharges to the River Deben estuary. Trialling the scheme in June 2022, 12,262 m 3 of source water were recharged to the aquifer over 12 days via a lagoon and an array of 565 m of buried slotted pipes. Groundwater levels were raised by 0.3 m at the centre of the recharge mound with an approximate radius of 250 m, with no detrimental impact on local water features observed. The source water quality remained stable during the trial with a mean chloride concentration (133 mg L -1 ) below the regulatory requirement (165 mg L -1 ). The fraction of recharge water mixing with the groundwater ranged from 69% close to the centre and 5% at the boundary of the recharge mound, leading to a reduction in nitrate-N concentration of 23.6 mg L -1 at the centre of the mound. During July-September 2022, 12,301 m 3 of recharge water were abstracted from two, 18 m boreholes to supplement surface irrigation reservoirs during drought conditions. However, the hydraulic conductivity of the Crag aquifer (∼10 m day -1 ) restricted the yield and thereby reduced the economic viability of the scheme. Construction costs for the MAR system were comparatively low but the high costs of data collection and securing regulatory permits brought the overall capital costs to within 18% of an equivalent surface storage reservoir, demonstrating that market-based mechanisms and more streamlined regulatory processes are required to incentivise similar MAR schemes., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)

Published
2024
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32. Search for Neutrinoless Double-β Decay in ^{76}Ge with the Majorana Demonstrator.

Author

Aalseth CE, Abgrall N, Aguayo E, Alvis SI, Amman M, Arnquist IJ, Avignone FT, Back HO, Barabash AS, Barbeau PS, Barton CJ, Barton PJ, Bertrand FE, Bode T, Bos B, Boswell M, Bradley AW, Brodzinski RL, Brudanin V, Busch M, Buuck M, Caldwell AS, Caldwell TS, Chan YD, Christofferson CD, Chu PH, Collar JI, Combs DC, Cooper RJ, Cuesta C, Detwiler JA, Doe PJ, Dunmore JA, Efremenko Y, Ejiri H, Elliott SR, Fast JE, Finnerty P, Fraenkle FM, Fu Z, Fujikawa BK, Fuller E, Galindo-Uribarri A, Gehman VM, Gilliss T, Giovanetti GK, Goett J, Green MP, Gruszko J, Guinn IS, Guiseppe VE, Hallin AL, Haufe CR, Hehn L, Henning R, Hoppe EW, Hossbach TW, Howe MA, Jasinski BR, Johnson RA, Keeter KJ, Kephart JD, Kidd MF, Knecht A, Konovalov SI, Kouzes RT, LaFerriere BD, Leon J, Lesko KT, Leviner LE, Loach JC, Lopez AM, Luke PN, MacMullin J, MacMullin S, Marino MG, Martin RD, Massarczyk R, McDonald AB, Mei DM, Meijer SJ, Merriman JH, Mertens S, Miley HS, Miller ML, Myslik J, Orrell JL, O'Shaughnessy C, Othman G, Overman NR, Perumpilly G, Pettus W, Phillips DG, Poon AWP, Pushkin K, Radford DC, Rager J, Reeves JH, Reine AL, Rielage K, Robertson RGH, Ronquest MC, Ruof NW, Schubert AG, Shanks B, Shirchenko M, Snavely KJ, Snyder N, Steele D, Suriano AM, Tedeschi D, Tornow W, Trimble JE, Varner RL, Vasilyev S, Vetter K, Vorren K, White BR, Wilkerson JF, Wiseman C, Xu W, Yakushev E, Yaver H, Young AR, Yu CH, Yumatov V, Zhitnikov I, Zhu BX, and Zimmermann S

Abstract

The Majorana Collaboration is operating an array of high purity Ge detectors to search for neutrinoless double-β decay in ^{76}Ge. The Majorana Demonstrator comprises 44.1 kg of Ge detectors (29.7 kg enriched in ^{76}Ge) split between two modules contained in a low background shield at the Sanford Underground Research Facility in Lead, South Dakota. Here we present results from data taken during construction, commissioning, and the start of full operations. We achieve unprecedented energy resolution of 2.5 keV FWHM at Q&#95;{ββ} and a very low background with no observed candidate events in 9.95 kg yr of enriched Ge exposure, resulting in a lower limit on the half-life of 1.9×10^{25}  yr (90% C.L.). This result constrains the effective Majorana neutrino mass to below 240-520 meV, depending on the matrix elements used. In our experimental configuration with the lowest background, the background is 4.0&#95;{-2.5}^{+3.1}  counts/(FWHM t yr).

Published
2018
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