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Background To date, no specific scales have been developed to explore the impact of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD)-related disability on quality of life (QoL). The Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) and the EuroQol 5-dimensions (EQ-5D) have been used to assess disability and QoL, respectively, in patients with NMOSD. However, there is limited evidence surrounding their use in this condition. We compared EDSS and EQ-5D data across two clinical trials to quantify the relationship between disability and QoL in patients with NMOSD. Methods SAkuraSky (NCT02028884) and SAkuraStar (NCT02073279) were Phase 3, multicenter, randomized, international, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-assignment studies of satralizumab, administered in combination with baseline immunosuppressants (SAkuraSky) or as monotherapy (SAkuraStar). EDSS and EQ-5D were assessed at baseline and at 24-week intervals thereafter. The relationship between disability and QoL was assessed by estimating EQ-5D utilities (UK tariff) for each incremental EDSS category. A repeated-measures linear model was used to regress health utilities on EDSS score-derived health states. Results Overall, 176 patients underwent at least one EDSS assessment and completed an EQ-5D survey and were included in this analysis. There was a clear association between mean EQ-5D score and EDSS score, with decreases in QoL being observed at each incremental increase in disability. The relationship between EDSS and EQ-5D score remained consistent across the different treatment groups. Conclusions These results, generated from high-quality clinical trial data, demonstrated a strong and consistent relationship between disability and QoL in patients with NMOSD.

This US claims-based study aimed to identify and characterize temporal trends in diagnostic pathways for patients likely to have neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD). Patients were identified from IBM MarketScan Commercial Databases if, within 1 year, they had two NMOSD claims separated by ≥ 60 days; two transverse myelitis (TM) or optic neuritis (ON) claims separated by ≥ 60 days, and one additional symptom (TM, ON, or area postrema syndrome); or one NMOSD claim and one additional symptom. The first NMOSD or TM/ON claim was the index date, and the second claim was the diagnosis date. Similar methodology was used in temporal trend and incidence and prevalence analyses. Among 1,901 patients with NMOSD, 34.2% were identified by two NMO claims, 53.2% by ON or TM +1 symptom, and 12.6% by one NMOSD claim +1 symptom. Anti–aquaporin-4 immunoglobin G (AQP4-IgG) autoantibody tests and magnetic resonance imaging was used for 23.0% and 71.9% of cases, respectively. Across cohorts, 21.4–49.1% had multiple sclerosis (MS) diagnosis claims prior to index date, and 37.3–60.6% had an MS diagnosis, 14.9–31.0% had MS disease-modifying therapy (DMT) claims and 6.3–44.8% had immunosuppressive therapy (IST) claims

Five new mononuclear Pt(II) complexes with 5-perfluoroalkyl-1,2,4-oxadiazolyl-pyridine and 3-perfluoroalkyl-1,2,4-triazolyl-pyridine ligands are reported. The ligands 2-(5-perfluoroheptyl-1,2,4-oxadiazole-3yl)-pyridine (pfhop), 2-(5-perfluoropropyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazole-3yl)-pyridine (pfpop), 2-(3-perfluoroheptyl-1-methyl-1,2,4-triazole-5yl)-pyridine (pfhtp), 2-(3-perfluoropropyl-1-methyl-1,2,4-triazole-5yl)-pyridine (pfptp) and their complexes [PtCl2(pfhop)(2)]center dot 1.5 DMSO (2a), [PtCl2(pfpop)(2)]center dot 1.5 DMSO (3a), [PtCl2(pfhtp)(2)]center dot 1.5 DMSO (4a), PtCl2(pfhtp) (4b), [PtCl2(PfPtP)(2)]center dot 1.5 DMSO (5a) have been synthesized and structurally characterized. The complexes 2a, 3a, 4a and 5a have the same chemical environment of Pt(II) where PtCl2 moieties coordinate two molecules of ligand via N1 atom of pyridine in the case of pfhop and pfpop, and N2 atom of 1,2,4-triazole in the case of pfhtp and pfptp. For 4b, pfhtp behaves as bidentate ligand, coordinating Pt(II) ion via N4 atom of triazole and N1 atom of pyridine. All complexes have been tested in vitro by 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)bromide-2,5-diphenyl-2 H-tetrazolium (MTT) test on four tumor cell lines MCF-7 (human breast cancer), HepG2 (human hepatocellular carcinoma), HCT116 (human colorectal carcinoma). Compounds 2a and 4b showed a dose-dependent anti-proliferative effect against the three tumor cell lines whereas did not affect viability of intestinal normal-like differentiated Caco-2 cells. The cell death of HepG2, MCF-7 and HCT116 induced by the compounds, was considered to be apoptotic by measuring the exposure of phosphatidylserine to the outer membrane and observing the typical apoptotic morphological change by acridine orange (AO)/ethidium bromide (EB) staining