104 results on '"Dae Gwin Jeong"'
Search Results
2. Assessment of the immune interference effects of multivalent vaccine for influenza epidemic strain in 2022–2023 and evaluation of its efficacy
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Eulhae Ga, Jung-Ah Kang, Jaehyun Hwang, Suyun Moon, Jaeseok Choi, Eunseo Bae, Hyein Seol, Yubin Mun, Daesub Song, Dae Gwin Jeong, and Woonsung Na
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Multivalent vaccine ,Influenza virus ,Seasonal flu ,Immune interference ,Vaccine immunology ,Science (General) ,Q1-390 ,Social sciences (General) ,H1-99 - Abstract
The various strains of influenza virus cause respiratory symptoms in humans every year and annual vaccinations are recommended. Due to its RNA-type genes and segmented state, it belongs to a virus that mutates frequently with antigenic drift and shift, giving rise to various strains. Each year, the World Health Organization identifies the epidemic strains and operates a global surveillance system to suggest the viral composition for the influenza vaccine. Influenza viruses, which have multiple viral strains, are produced in the format of multivalent vaccine. However, the multivalent vaccine has a possibility of causing immune interference by introducing multiple strain-specific antigens in a single injection. Therefore, evaluating immune interference phenomena is essential when assessing multivalent vaccines. In this study, the protective ability and immunogenicity of multivalent and monovalent vaccines were evaluated in mice to assess immune interference in the multivalent vaccine. Monovalent and multivalent vaccines were manufactured using the latest strain of the 2022–2023 seasonal influenza virus selected by the World Health Organization. The protective abilities of both types of vaccines were tested through hemagglutination inhibition test. The immunogenicity of multivalent and monovalent vaccines were tested through enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to measure the cellular and humoral immunity expression rates. As a result of the protective ability and immunogenicity test, higher level of virus neutralizing ability and greater amount of antibodies in both IgG1 and IgG2 were confirmed in the multivalent vaccine. No immune interference was found to affect the protective capacity and immune responses of the multivalent vaccines.
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- 2024
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3. Potential for transmission of naturally mutated H10N1 avian influenza virus to mammalian hosts and causing severe pulmonary disease
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Mark Zanin, Tran Bac Le, Woonsung Na, Jung-Ah Kang, Hyung-Jun Kwon, Jaehyun Hwang, Eul Hae Ga, Sook-San Wong, Hae-Jin Cho, Daesub Song, Hye Kwon Kim, Dae Gwin Jeong, and Sun-Woo Yoon
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avian influenza ,H10N1 ,wild bird ,zoonosis ,transmission ,ferret model ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
Subtype H10 avian influenza viruses (AIV) are distributed worldwide in wild aquatic birds, and can infect humans and several other mammalian species. In the present study, we investigated the naturally mutated PB2 gene in A/aquatic bird/South Korea/SW1/2018 (A/SW1/18, H10N1), isolated from wild birds during the 2018–2019 winter season. This virus was originally found in South Korea, and is similar to isolates from mainland China and Mongolia. It had low pathogenicity, lacked a multi-basic cleavage site, and showed a binding preference for α2,3-linked sialic acids. However, it can infect mice, causing severe disease and lung pathology. SW1 was also transmitted by direct contact in ferrets, and replicated in the respiratory tract tissue, with no evidence of extrapulmonary spread. The pathogenicity and transmissibility of SW1 in mouse and ferret models were similar to those of the pandemic strain A/California/04/2009 (A/CA/04, H1N1). These factors suggest that subtype H10 AIVs have zoonotic potential and may transmit from human to human, thereby posing a potential threat to public health. Therefore, the study highlights the urgent need for closer monitoring of subtype H10 AIVs through continued surveillance of wild aquatic birds.
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- 2023
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4. Mucosal and cellular immune responses elicited by nasal and intramuscular inoculation with ASFV candidate immunogens
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Lulu Xu, Fei Hao, Dae Gwin Jeong, Rong Chen, Yuan Gan, Lei Zhang, Minjoo Yeom, Jong-Woo Lim, Yanfei Yu, Yun Bai, Zhiyong Zeng, Yongjie Liu, Qiyan Xiong, Guoqing Shao, Yuzi Wu, Zhixin Feng, Daesub Song, and Xing Xie
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African swine fever virus (ASFV) ,ASFV-convalescent pig serum ,mass spectrometry identification ,recombinant protein expression ,immunogenicity assessment ,Immunologic diseases. Allergy ,RC581-607 - Abstract
African swine fever (ASF) is an infectious disease caused by African swine fever virus (ASFV) that is highly contagious and has an extremely high mortality rate (infected by virulent strains) among domestic and wild pigs, causing huge economic losses to the pig industry globally. In this study, SDS−PAGE gel bands hybridized with ASFV whole virus protein combined with ASFV-convalescent and ASFV-positive pig serum were identified by mass spectrometry. Six antigens were detected by positive serum reaction bands, and eight antigens were detected in ASFV-convalescent serum. In combination with previous literature reports and proteins corresponding to MHC-II presenting peptides screened from ASFV-positive pig urine conducted in our lab, seven candidate antigens, including KP177R (p22), K78R (p10), CP204L (p30), E183L (p54), B602L (B602L), EP402R-N (CD2V-N) and F317L (F317L), were selected. Subunit-Group 1 was prepared by mixing above-mentioned seven ASFV recombinant proteins with MONTANIDETM1313 VG N mucosal adjuvant and immunizing pigs intranasally and intramuscularly. Subunit-Group 2 was prepared by mixing four ASFV recombinant proteins (p22, p54, CD2V-N1, B602L) with Montanide ISA 51 VG adjuvant and immunizing pigs by intramuscular injection. Anticoagulated whole blood, serum, and oral fluid were collected during immunization for flow cytometry, serum IgG as well as secretory sIgA antibody secretion, and cytokine expression testing to conduct a comprehensive immunogenicity assessment. Both immunogen groups can effectively stimulate the host to produce ideal humoral, mucosal, and cellular immune responses, providing a theoretical basis for subsequent functional studies, such as immunogens challenge protection and elucidation of the pathogenic mechanism of ASFV.
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- 2023
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5. Relationship between SARS-CoV-2 antibody titer and the severity of COVID-19
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Joung Ha Park, Min Jae Cha, Hyewon Choi, Min-Chul Kim, Jin-Won Chung, Kyu-Sun Lee, Dae Gwin Jeong, Moon Seong Baek, Won-Young Kim, Yaeji Lim, Sun Woo Yoon, and Seong-Ho Choi
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SARS-CoV-2 ,COVID-19 ,Disease severity ,Antibody titer ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
Background: It remains unclear whether high titers of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antibodies aggravate clinical manifestations in patients or whether severe clinical manifestations result in high antibody titers. Thus, we investigated the cause–effect relationship between SARS-CoV-2 antibody titers and disease severity. Methods: We prospectively enrolled patients admitted with the diagnosis of coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) from February 2020 to August 2020. We measured SARS-CoV-2 antibody titers, namely anti-receptor-binding domain (RBD) antibody and neutralizing antibody (NAb), from blood samples and calculated the chest radiograph (CXR) scores of the patients to evaluate the severity of COVID-19. Results: Overall, 40 patients with COVID-19 were enrolled. Pneumonia was observed in more than half of the patients (25/40, 60%). SARS-CoV-2 antibody titers were higher in patients who were aged >60 years (anti-RBD antibodies, P = 0.003 and NAb, P = 0.009), presented with pneumonia (P = 0.006 and 0.007, respectively), and required oxygen therapy (P = 0.003 and 0.004, respectively) than in those who were not. CXR scores peaked (at 15–21 days after the onset of symptoms) statistically significantly earlier than SARS-CoV-2 antibody titers (at 22–30 days for NAb and at 31–70 days for anti-RBD antibody). There was a close correlation between the maximum CXR score and the maximum SAR-CoV-2 antibody titer. Conclusions: Based on the comparison of the peak time of SARS-CoV-2 antibody titers with the CXR score after symptom onset, we suggest that severe clinical manifestations result in high titers of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies.
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- 2022
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6. A Robust Quadruple Protein-Based Indirect ELISA for Detection of Antibodies to African Swine Fever Virus in Pigs
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Min-Chul Jung, Van Phan Le, Sun-Woo Yoon, Thi Ngoc Le, Thi Bich Ngoc Trinh, Hye Kwon Kim, Jung-Ah Kang, Jong-Woo Lim, Minjoo Yeom, Woonsung Na, Jin-Ju Nah, Ji-Da Choi, Hae-Eun Kang, Daesub Song, and Dae Gwin Jeong
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African swine fever virus ,ELISA ,quadruple recombinant protein ,CD2v ,CAP80 ,p22 ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
African swine fever (ASF) emerged in domestic pigs and wild boars in China in 2018 and rapidly spread to neighboring Asian countries. Currently, no effective vaccine or diagnostic tests are available to prevent its spread. We developed a robust quadruple recombinant-protein-based indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (QrP-iELISA) using four antigenic proteins (CD2v, CAP80, p54, and p22) to detect ASF virus (ASFV) antibodies and compared it with a commercial kit (IDvet) using ASFV-positive and -negative serum samples. The maximum positive/negative value was 24.033 at a single antigen concentration of 0.25 μg/mL and quadruple ASFV antigen combination of 1 μg/mL at a 1:100 serum dilution. Among 70 ASFV-positive samples, 65, 67, 65, 70, 70, and 14 were positive above the cut-offs of 0.121, 0.121, 0.183, 0.065, 0.201, and 0.122, for CD2v, CAP80, p54, p22-iELISA, QrP-iELISA, and IDvet, respectively, with sensitivities of 92.9%, 95.7%, 92.9%, 100%, 100%, and 20%, respectively, all with 100% specificity. The antibody responses in QrP-iELISA and IDvet were similar in pigs infected with ASFV I. QrP-iELISA was more sensitive than IDvet for early antibody detection in pigs infected with ASFV II. These data provide a foundation for developing advanced ASF antibody detection kits critical for ASF surveillance and control.
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- 2023
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7. Advanced Strategies for Developing Vaccines and Diagnostic Tools for African Swine Fever
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Jong-Woo Lim, Thi Thu Hang Vu, Van Phan Le, Minjoo Yeom, Daesub Song, Dae Gwin Jeong, and Song-Kyu Park
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African swine fever virus ,vaccine ,diagnostics ,genetically engineered vaccine platforms ,point-of-care ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
African swine fever (ASF) is one of the most lethal infectious diseases affecting domestic pigs and wild boars of all ages. Over a span of 100 years, ASF has continued to spread over continents and adversely affects the global pig industry. To date, no vaccine or treatment has been approved. The complex genome structure and diverse variants facilitate the immune evasion of the ASF virus (ASFV). Recently, advanced technologies have been used to design various potential vaccine candidates and effective diagnostic tools. This review updates vaccine platforms that are currently being used worldwide, with a focus on genetically modified live attenuated vaccines, including an understanding of their potential efficacy and limitations of safety and stability. Furthermore, advanced ASFV detection technologies are presented that discuss and incorporate the challenges that remain to be addressed for conventional detection methods. We also highlight a nano-bio-based system that enhances sensitivity and specificity. A combination of prophylactic vaccines and point-of-care diagnostics can help effectively control the spread of ASFV.
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- 2023
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8. Laboratory information management system for COVID-19 non-clinical efficacy trial data
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Suhyeon Yoon, Hyuna Noh, Heejin Jin, Sungyoung Lee, Soyul Han, Sung-Hee Kim, Jiseon Kim, Jung Seon Seo, Jeong Jin Kim, In Ho Park, Jooyeon Oh, Joon-Yong Bae, Gee Eun Lee, Sun-Je Woo, Sun-Min Seo, Na-Won Kim, Youn Woo Lee, Hui Jeong Jang, Seung-Min Hong, Se-Hee An, Kwang-Soo Lyoo, Minjoo Yeom, Hanbyeul Lee, Bud Jung, Sun-Woo Yoon, Jung-Ah Kang, Sang-Hyuk Seok, Yu Jin Lee, Seo Yeon Kim, Young Been Kim, Ji-Yeon Hwang, Dain On, Soo-Yeon Lim, Sol Pin Kim, Ji Yun Jang, Ho Lee, Kyoungmi Kim, Hyo-Jung Lee, Hong Bin Kim, Jun Won Park, Dae Gwin Jeong, Daesub Song, Kang-Seuk Choi, Ho-Young Lee, Yang-Kyu Choi, Jung-ah Choi, Manki Song, Man-Seong Park, Jun-Young Seo, Ki Taek Nam, Jeon-Soo Shin, Sungho Won, Jun-Won Yun, and Je Kyung Seong
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SARS-CoV-2 ,COVID-19 ,Non-clinical ,Laboratory information management system ,Data ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
Abstract Background As the number of large-scale studies involving multiple organizations producing data has steadily increased, an integrated system for a common interoperable format is needed. In response to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, a number of global efforts are underway to develop vaccines and therapeutics. We are therefore observing an explosion in the proliferation of COVID-19 data, and interoperability is highly requested in multiple institutions participating simultaneously in COVID-19 pandemic research. Results In this study, a laboratory information management system (LIMS) approach has been adopted to systemically manage various COVID-19 non-clinical trial data, including mortality, clinical signs, body weight, body temperature, organ weights, viral titer (viral replication and viral RNA), and multiorgan histopathology, from multiple institutions based on a web interface. The main aim of the implemented system is to integrate, standardize, and organize data collected from laboratories in multiple institutes for COVID-19 non-clinical efficacy testings. Six animal biosafety level 3 institutions proved the feasibility of our system. Substantial benefits were shown by maximizing collaborative high-quality non-clinical research. Conclusions This LIMS platform can be used for future outbreaks, leading to accelerated medical product development through the systematic management of extensive data from non-clinical animal studies.
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- 2022
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9. Analysis of Neutralization Antibodies in Patients With Mild COVID-19 Infection After 100 Days Using Microneutralization Test
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Min-Ju Ahn, Dae Gwin Jeong, Kyu-Sun Lee, Seungjun Lee, Byung-Han Ryu, Hye Ryun Yang, and Sunjoo Kim
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antibody ,covid-19 ,neutralization ,sars-cov-2 ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
Neutralizing antibodies play a critical role in blocking viral infections and in viral clearance during acute infection. The microneutralization assay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) targeting the receptor binding domain were performed for 30 patients with mild coronavirus disease (COVID)-19 infections. The elapsed number of days between sample collection and diagnosis was 115 days, and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) cycle threshold (Ct) values at diagnosis were recorded. Clinical characteristics and Ct values were compared between neutralization antibody-positive and -negative patients as measured by the microneutralization assay. Neutralization antibody-positive patients (n = 9) were likely to be older, have low Ct values, have more pneumonia during admission, and have a higher optical density in ELISA than the neutralization antibody-negative patients (n = 21). Elderly people seemed to have a higher viral load causing more pneumonia and to produce more neutralization antibodies. Neutralization antibodies persisted in only 30% of patients as detected by microneutralization test after 100 days of diagnosis.
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- 2022
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10. A Whole-Genome Analysis of the African Swine Fever Virus That Circulated during the First Outbreak in Vietnam in 2019 and Subsequently in 2022
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Van Phan Le, Min-Ju Ahn, Jun-Seob Kim, Min-Chul Jung, Sun-Woo Yoon, Thi Bich Ngoc Trinh, Thi Ngoc Le, Hye Kwon Kim, Jung-Ah Kang, Jong-Woo Lim, Minjoo Yeom, Woonsung Na, Xing Xie, Zhixin Feng, Daesub Song, and Dae Gwin Jeong
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African swine fever ,next-generation sequencing ,complete genome sequence ,virus evolution ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
Since its initial report in Vietnam in early 2019, the African swine fever (ASF), a highly lethal and severe viral swine disease worldwide, continues to cause outbreaks in other Southeast Asian countries. This study analyzed and compared the genomic sequences of ASF viruses (ASFVs) during the first outbreak in Hung Yen (VN/HY/2019-ASFV1) and Quynh Phu provinces (VN/QP/2019-ASFV1) in Vietnam in 2019, and the subsequent outbreak in Hung Yen (VN/HY/2022-ASFV2) in 2022, to those of other ASFV strains. VN/HY/2019-ASFV1, VN/QP/2019-ASFV1, and VN/HY/2022-ASFV2 genomes were 189,113, 189,081, and 189,607 bp in length, encoding 196, 196, and 203 open reading frames (ORFs), respectively. VN/HY/2019-ASFV1 and VN/QP/2019-ASFV1 shared a 99.91–99.99% average nucleotide identity with genotype II strains. Variations were identified in 28 ORFs in VN/HY/2019-ASFV1 and VN/QP/2019-ASFV1 compared to 20 ASFV strains, and 16 ORFs in VN/HY/2022-ASFV2 compared to VN/HY/2019-ASFV1 and VN/QP/2019-ASFV1. Vietnamese ASFV genomes were classified as IGR II variants between the I73R and I329L genes, with two copy tandem repeats between the A179L and A137R genes. A phylogenetic analysis based on the whole genomes of 27 ASFV strains indicated that the Vietnamese ASFV strains are genetically related to Estonia 2014, ASFV-SY18, and Russia/Odintsovo_02/14. These results reveal the complete genome sequences of ASFV circulating during the first outbreak in 2019, providing important insights into understanding the evolution, transmission, and genetic variation of ASFV in Vietnam.
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- 2023
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11. Comparison of the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 infection in K18-hACE2 mouse and Syrian golden hamster models
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Haengdueng Jeong, Youn Woo Lee, In Ho Park, Hyuna Noh, Sung-Hee Kim, Jiseon Kim, Donghun Jeon, Hui Jeong Jang, Jooyeon Oh, Dain On, Chanyang Uhm, Kyungrae Cho, Heeju Oh, Suhyeon Yoon, Jung Seon Seo, Jeong Jin Kim, Sang-Hyuk Seok, Yu Jin Lee, Seung-Min Hong, Se-Hee An, Seo Yeon Kim, Young Been Kim, Ji-Yeon Hwang, Hyo-Jung Lee, Hong Bin Kim, Dae Gwin Jeong, Daesub Song, Manki Song, Man-Seong Park, Kang-Seuk Choi, Jun Won Park, Jun-Young Seo, Jun-Won Yun, Jeon-Soo Shin, Ho-Young Lee, Ki Taek Nam, and Je Kyung Seong
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sars-cov-2 ,syrian golden hamster ,k18-hace2 mice ,Medicine ,Pathology ,RB1-214 - Published
- 2022
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12. Detection of Porcine circovirus 3 from captured wild boars in Korea
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Gowtham Dhandapani, Sun‐Woo Yoon, Ji Yeong Noh, Seong Sik Jang, Sang‐Hoon Han, Dae Gwin Jeong, and Hye Kwon Kim
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korea ,porcine circovirus 3 ,wild boar ,Veterinary medicine ,SF600-1100 - Abstract
Abstract Porcine circovirus 3 (PCV3) is a newly discovered ssDNA virus. The virus was first reported in pigs suffering from several clinical syndromes, including porcine dermatitis and nephropathy syndrome, reproductive disorders, respiratory disease and myocarditis. PCV3 was recently reported in wild boars with high prevalence as well. In this study, 266 wild boar anal swab, feces, nasal swab and whole blood samples were collected from three mainland provinces and one island province (Chungbuk, Gangwon, Gyeonggi, Jeju) of South Korea between 2019 and 2020 including 119 from male, 142 from female and 5 undetermined. PCV3 was diagnosed targeting conserved rep (replication associated protein) gene region using Direct PCR and sequencing. Out of 266 tested samples, 15 were positive for PCV3 with detection frequency at 5.6%. Among 266 samples tested, we obtained 14 partial rep gene sequences and one complete genome sequence of PCV3 with a genome size of 2000nt. Here we present the evidence of PCV3 circulation in Korean wild boars.
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- 2021
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13. Genetic Characterization of Feline Parvovirus Isolate Fe–P2 in Korean Cat and Serological Evidence on Its Infection in Wild Leopard Cat and Asian Badger
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Young Ji Kim, Sun-Woo Yoon, Jin Ho Jang, Dae Gwin Jeong, Beom Jun Lee, and Hye Kwon Kim
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feline parvovirus ,feline panleukopenia ,leopard cat ,Asian badger ,serum neutralization ,Veterinary medicine ,SF600-1100 - Abstract
Feline parvovirus (FPV) is a small, non-enveloped, single-stranded DNA virus that infects cats. We recently isolated a feline parvovirus Fe–P2 strain from a dead stray cat in Iksan, 2017. Its partial genomic sequence (4,643 bases) was obtained, and phylogenetic analysis based on the VP2 nucleotide sequence showed that the FPV Fe-P2 strain was closely related to the FPV isolate Gigucheon in cat, 2017 (MN400978). In addition, we performed a serum neutralization (SN) test with the FPV isolates in various mammalian sera. These were from raccoon dog, water deer, Eurasian otter, Korean hare, leopard cat, and Asian badger, which were kindly provided by Chungnam Wild Animal Rescue Center. Notably, serological evidence of its infection was found in Asian badger, Meles leucurus (2/2) and leopard cat, Prionailurus bengalensis (5/8) through SN tests, whereas there was no evidence in raccoon dog, water deer, Eurasian otter, and Korean hare based on the collected sera in this study. These findings might provide partial evidence for the possible circulation of FPV or its related viruses among wild leopard cat and Asian badger in Korea. There should be additional study to confirm this through direct detection of FPVs in the related animal samples.
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- 2021
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14. Genomic Comparisons of Alphacoronaviruses and Betacoronaviruses from Korean Bats
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Van Thi Lo, Sun Woo Yoon, Yong Gun Choi, Dae Gwin Jeong, and Hye Kwon Kim
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bat-associated ,Alphacoronavirus ,MERS-related coronavirus ,Korea ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
Coronaviruses are well known as a diverse family of viruses that affect a wide range of hosts. Since the outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome, a variety of bat-associated coronaviruses have been identified in many countries. However, they do not represent all the specific geographic locations of their hosts. In this study, full-length genomes representing newly identified bat coronaviruses in South Korea were obtained using an RNA sequencing approach. The analysis, based on genome structure, conserved replicase domains, spike gene, and nucleocapsid genes revealed that bat Alphacoronaviruses are from three different viral species. Among them, the newly identified B20-97 strain may represent a new putative species, closely related to PEDV. In addition, the newly-identified MERS-related coronavirus exhibited shared genomic nucleotide identities of less than 76.4% with other Merbecoviruses. Recombination analysis and multiple alignments of spike and RBD amino acid sequences suggested that this strain underwent recombination events and could possibly use hDPP4 molecules as its receptor. The bat SARS-related CoV B20-50 is unlikely to be able to use hACE2 as its receptor and lack of an open reading frame in ORF8 gene region. Our results illustrate the diversity of coronaviruses in Korean bats and their evolutionary relationships. The evolution of the bat coronaviruses related ORF8 accessory gene is also discussed.
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- 2022
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15. Identification of canine norovirus in dogs in South Korea
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Kwang-Soo Lyoo, Min-Chul Jung, Sun-Woo Yoon, Hye Kwon Kim, and Dae Gwin Jeong
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Canine norovirus ,Dog ,Korea ,Veterinary medicine ,SF600-1100 - Abstract
Abstract Background Canine noroviruses (CaNoVs) are classified into genogroups GIV, GVI, and GVII and have been detected in fecal samples from dogs since their first appearance in a dog with enteritis in Italy in 2007. CaNoVs may be a public health concern because pet animals are an integral part of the family and could be a potential reservoir of zoonotic agents. Nonetheless, there was no previous information concerning the epidemiology of CaNoV in South Korea. In the present study, we aimed to detect CaNoV antigens and to investigate serological response against CaNoV in dogs. Results In total, 459 fecal samples and 427 sera were collected from small animal clinics and animal shelters housing free-roaming dogs in geographically distinct areas in South Korea. For the detection of CaNoV, RT-PCR was performed using target specific primers, and nucleotide sequences of CaNoV isolates were phylogenetically analyzed. Seroprevalence was performed by ELISA based on P domain protein. CaNoVs were detected in dog fecal samples (14/459, 3.1%) and were phylogenetically classified into the same cluster as previously reported genogroup GIV CaNoVs. Seroprevalence was performed, and 68 (15.9%) of 427 total dog serum samples tested positive for CaNoV IgG antibodies. Conclusion This is the first study identifying CaNoV in the South Korean dog population.
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- 2018
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16. Outbreak of African Swine Fever, Vietnam, 2019
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Van Phan Le, Dae Gwin Jeong, Sun-Woo Yoon, Hye-Min Kwon, Thi Bich Ngoc Trinh, Thi Lan Nguyen, Thi To Nga Bui, Jinsik Oh, Joon Bae Kim, Kwang Myun Cheong, Nguyen Van Tuyen, Eunhye Bae, Thi Thu Hang Vu, Minjoo Yeom, Woonsung Na, and Daesub Song
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African swine fever ,Vietnam ,viruses ,swine ,outbreak ,Medicine ,Infectious and parasitic diseases ,RC109-216 - Abstract
African swine fever is one of the most dangerous diseases of swine. We confirmed the 2019 outbreak in Vietnam by real-time reverse transcription PCR. The causative strain belonged to p72 genotype II and was 100% identical with viruses isolated in China (2018) and Georgia (2007). International prevention and control collaboration is needed.
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- 2019
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17. The Epidemiological Characteristics of the Korean Bat Paramyxovirus between 2016 and 2019
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Seong Sik Jang, Ji Yeong Noh, Van Thi Lo, Yong Gun Choi, Sun-Woo Yoon, Dae Gwin Jeong, and Hye Kwon Kim
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bat ,paramyxovirus ,Shaanvirus ,Korea ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
Bats are considered reservoirs of severe emerging human pathogens. Notably, bats host major mammalian paramyxoviruses from the family Paramyxoviridae, order Mononegavirales. In this study, paramyxoviruses were investigated by reverse transcription semi-nested polymerase chain reaction (RT-semi-nested PCR) and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), based on the RT-semi-nested PCR using the consensus paramyxovirus primers targeting the RNA dependent-RNA-polymerase (RdRp) region. In addition, RT-PCR was performed using newly designed primers targeting regions of the fusion protein (F) and hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN). The dominant bat species in the collection site of paramyxoviruses were Miniopterus schreibersii, Myotis macrodactylus, Myotis petax, and Rhinolophus ferrumequinum. Paramyxoviruses were detected in four samples in 2016 and six in 2019. Meanwhile, in samples collected in 2017 and 2018, no paramyxoviruses were detected. Phylogenetic analysis based on the partial nucleotide sequences of RdRp, F, and HN proteins suggested that the viruses belonged to the proposed genus Shaanvirus. In conclusion, this study revealed that bat paramyxoviruses in Korea belonged to a single genus and circulated sporadically in several provinces, including Chungbuk, Gangwon, Jeju, and Jeonnam.
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- 2020
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18. Development of a Multiplex RT-qPCR for the Detection of Different Clades of Avian Influenza in Poultry
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Tran Bac Le, Hye Kwon Kim, Woonsung Na, Van Phan Le, Min-Suk Song, Daesub Song, Dae Gwin Jeong, and Sun-Woo Yoon
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hpai ,h5nx ,clade ,simultaneous detection ,field samples ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
Since the initial detection of H5N1, a highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) virus, in 1996 in China, numerous HPAI H5 lineages have been classified, and they continue to pose a threat to animal and human health. In this study, we developed a novel primer/probe set that can be employed to simultaneously detect pan-H5 HPAI and two clades, 2.3.2.1 and 2.3.4.4, of H5Nx viruses using reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). The sensitivity and specificity of these primer sets and probes were confirmed with a number of different subtypes of influenza virus and the H5-HA gene plasmid DNA. In particular, the multiplex RT-qPCR assay was successfully applied to the simultaneous detection of H5 HPAI and different virus clades in clinical field samples from a poultry farm. Therefore, this multiplex assay and a novel detection primer set and probes will be useful for the laboratory diagnosis and epidemiological field studies of different circulating H5 HPAI virus clades in poultry and migratory wild birds.
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- 2020
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19. Characterization of an Oleaginous Unicellular Green Microalga, Lobosphaera incisa (Reisigl, 1964) Strain K-1, Isolated From a Tidal Flat in the Yellow Sea, Republic of Korea
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Seungki Lee, Se Ra Lim, Dae Gwin Jeong, and Ji Hyung Kim
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microalgae ,Lobosphaera incisa K-1 ,arachidonic acid ,polyunsaturated fatty acids ,biotechnological application ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
Microalgae are considered as sustainable resources for biofuel production. However, recently the focus on microalgal research has shifted toward the investigation of high-value metabolites for potential pharmaceutical and nutritional applications. Herein, we report the identification of a novel oleaginous green microalga isolated from the Yellow Sea in Korea. We also describe the morphological, molecular, and biochemical characteristics of this microalga. On the basis of microscopic and genetic analyses, the isolate was classified as Lobosphaera incisa (the strain was designated as K-1), and molecular phylogeny revealed that the isolate distinctly differed from the other known L. incisa strains. The microalga could be cultivated in various commercial culture media under a relatively broad range of pH and temperature conditions. We also did a rough and detailed estimation of the different cellular components in the microalga. The composition of arachidonic acid (C20:4ω6) in the lipids of L. incisa strain K-1 was relatively high, similar to that in other strains, however, the K-1 strain had higher proportions of the ω3 series of fatty acids (FAs), including α-linolenic acid (C18:3ω3) and eicosapentaenoic acid (C20:5ω3), highlighting its uniqueness and strong potential for biotechnological application. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the isolation of L. incisa from Korea as well as from a marine environment; this novel strain might be useful for the production of high-value ω3 and ω6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs).
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- 2018
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20. Characterization of the complete mitochondrial genome and phylogenetic analysis of the common dolphin Delphinus delphis (Cetacea: Delphinidae)
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Kyunglee Lee, JunMo Lee, Yuna Cho, Hawsun Sohn, Young-Min Choi, Se Ra Lim, Hye Kwon Kim, Sun-Woo Yoon, Dae Gwin Jeong, and Ji Hyung Kim
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delphinus delphis ,mitogenome ,phylogeny ,delphininae ,Genetics ,QH426-470 - Abstract
We report the complete mitogenome of the common dolphin, Delphinus delphis. Overall structure of the 16,387 bp mitogenome was very similar to those of other delphinid species, including the ancient D. delphis individuals. Multigene phylogeny revealed that D. delphis was most closely related to Stenella coeruleoalba, and clustered well with other species within the subfamily Delphininae.
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- 2018
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21. Shiga Toxins Induce Apoptosis and ER Stress in Human Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells
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Jun-Young Park, Yu-Jin Jeong, Sung-Kyun Park, Sung-Jin Yoon, Song Choi, Dae Gwin Jeong, Su Wol Chung, Byung Joo Lee, Jeong Hun Kim, Vernon L. Tesh, Moo-Seung Lee, and Young-Jun Park
- Subjects
Shiga toxins ,Shiga toxin type 1 and 2 ,Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli ,hemolytic uremic syndrome ,signaling pathways ,apoptosis ,retinal pigment epithelial cells ,Medicine - Abstract
Shiga toxins (Stxs) produced by Shiga toxin-producing bacteria Shigella dysenteriae serotype 1 and select serotypes of Escherichia coli are the most potent known virulence factors in the pathogenesis of hemorrhagic colitis progressing to potentially fatal systemic complications such as acute renal failure, blindness and neurological abnormalities. Although numerous studies have defined apoptotic responses to Shiga toxin type 1 (Stx1) or Shiga toxin type 2 (Stx2) in a variety of cell types, the potential significance of Stx-induced apoptosis of photoreceptor and pigmented cells of the eye following intoxication is unknown. We explored the use of immortalized human retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells as an in vitro model of Stx-induced retinal damage. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first report that intoxication of RPE cells with Stxs activates both apoptotic cell death signaling and the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response. Using live-cell imaging analysis, fluorescently labeled Stx1 or Stx2 were internalized and routed to the RPE cell endoplasmic reticulum. RPE cells were significantly sensitive to wild type Stxs by 72 h, while the cells survived challenge with enzymatically deficient mutant toxins (Stx1A− or Stx2A−). Upon exposure to purified Stxs, RPE cells showed activation of a caspase-dependent apoptotic program involving a reduction of mitochondrial transmembrane potential (Δψm), increased activation of ER stress sensors IRE1, PERK and ATF6, and overexpression CHOP and DR5. Finally, we demonstrated that treatment of RPE cells with Stxs resulted in the activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38MAPK), suggesting that the ribotoxic stress response may be triggered. Collectively, these data support the involvement of Stx-induced apoptosis in ocular complications of intoxication. The evaluation of apoptotic responses to Stxs by cells isolated from multiple organs may reveal unique functional patterns of the cytotoxic actions of these toxins in the systemic complications that follow ingestion of toxin-producing bacteria.
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- 2017
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22. Shiga Toxins as Multi-Functional Proteins: Induction of Host Cellular Stress Responses, Role in Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Applications
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Moo-Seung Lee, Sunwoo Koo, Dae Gwin Jeong, and Vernon L. Tesh
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Shiga toxins ,Shiga toxin type 1 and 2 ,Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli ,hemolytic uremic syndrome ,signaling pathways ,cancer therapeutics ,Medicine - Abstract
Shiga toxins (Stxs) produced by Shiga toxin-producing bacteria Shigella dysenteriae serotype 1 and select serotypes of Escherichia coli are primary virulence factors in the pathogenesis of hemorrhagic colitis progressing to potentially fatal systemic complications, such as hemolytic uremic syndrome and central nervous system abnormalities. Current therapeutic options to treat patients infected with toxin-producing bacteria are limited. The structures of Stxs, toxin-receptor binding, intracellular transport and the mode of action of the toxins have been well defined. However, in the last decade, numerous studies have demonstrated that in addition to being potent protein synthesis inhibitors, Stxs are also multifunctional proteins capable of activating multiple cell stress signaling pathways, which may result in apoptosis, autophagy or activation of the innate immune response. Here, we briefly present the current understanding of Stx-activated signaling pathways and provide a concise review of therapeutic applications to target tumors by engineering the toxins.
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- 2016
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23. Evaluation of a biotin-based surrogate virus neutralization test for detecting postvaccination antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 variants in sera
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Min-Ju Ahn, Jung-Ah Kang, Su Min Hong, Kyu-Sun Lee, Dong Ho Kim, Daesub Song, and Dae Gwin Jeong
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Biophysics ,Cell Biology ,Molecular Biology ,Biochemistry - Published
- 2023
24. Temporal Transcriptome Analysis of SARS-CoV-2-Infected Lung and Spleen in Human ACE2-Transgenic Mice
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Jung Ah Kim, Sung-Hee Kim, Jung Seon Seo, Hyuna Noh, Haengdueng Jeong, Jiseon Kim, Donghun Jeon, Jeong Jin Kim, Dain On, Suhyeon Yoon, Sang Gyu Lee, Youn Woo Lee, Hui Jeong Jang, In Ho Park, Jooyeon Oh, Sang-Hyuk Seok, Yu Jin Lee, Seung-Min Hong, Se-Hee An, Joon-Yong Bae, Jung-ah Choi, Seo Yeon Kim, Young Been Kim, Ji-Yeon Hwang, Hyo-Jung Lee, Hong Bin Kim, Dae Gwin Jeong, Daesub Song, Manki Song, Man-Seong Park, Kang-Seuk Choi, Jun Won Park, Jun-Won Yun, Jeon-Soo Shin, Ho-Young Lee, Jun-Young Seo, Ki Taek Nam, Heon Yung Gee, and Je Kyung Seong
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Cell Biology ,General Medicine ,Molecular Biology - Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a highly transmissible and potentially fatal virus. So far, most comprehensive analyses encompassing clinical and transcriptional manifestation have concentrated on the lungs. Here, we confirmed evident signs of viral infection in the lungs and spleen of SARS-CoV-2-infected K18-hACE2 mice, which replicate the phenotype and infection symptoms in hospitalized humans. Seven days post viral detection in organs, infected mice showed decreased vital signs, leading to death. Bronchopneumonia due to infiltration of leukocytes in the lungs and reduction in the spleen lymphocyte region were observed. Transcriptome profiling implicated the meticulous regulation of distress and recovery from cytokine-mediated immunity by distinct immune cell types in a time-dependent manner. In lungs, the chemokine-driven response to viral invasion was highly elevated at 2 days post infection (dpi). In late infection, diseased lungs, post the innate immune process, showed recovery signs. The spleen established an even more immediate line of defense than the lungs, and the cytokine expression profile dropped at 7 dpi. At 5 dpi, spleen samples diverged into two distinct groups with different transcriptome profile and pathophysiology. Inhibition of consecutive host cell viral entry and massive immunoglobulin production and proteolysis inhibition seemed that one group endeavored to survive, while the other group struggled with developmental regeneration against consistent viral intrusion through the replication cycle. Our results may contribute to improved understanding of the longitudinal response to viral infection and development of potential therapeutics for hospitalized patients affected by SARS-CoV-2.
- Published
- 2022
25. Magnetic-bead-based DNA-capture-assisted real-time polymerase chain reaction and recombinase polymerase amplification for the detection of African swine fever virus
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Gowtham Dhandapani, Van Giap Nguyen, Min Chan Kim, Ji Yeong Noh, Seong Sik Jang, Sun-Woo Yoon, Dae Gwin Jeong, Thi My Le Huynh, Van Phan Le, Daesub Song, and Hye Kwon Kim
- Subjects
Virology ,General Medicine - Abstract
African swine fever (ASF) is a deadly disease in swine caused by African swine fever virus (ASFV). The global spread of ASFV has resulted in significant economic losses worldwide. Improved early detection has been the most important first line of defense for preventing ASF outbreaks and for activating control measures. Despite the availability of rapid amplification methods, nucleic acid extraction from specimens still needs to be performed in a laboratory. To facilitate this step, we exploited the strong affinity of biotin-streptavidin binding by functionalizing streptavidin-coated magnetic beads with biotinylated oligonucleotide capture probes to efficiently capture genotype II ASFV DNA directly from crude clinical samples. The captured DNA is suitable for detection using real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) and recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA). In this study, ASFV DNA was efficiently captured from swine feces, serum, and tissue samples. Both DNA-capture-assisted qPCR and RPA-based detection methods have a limit of detection (LOD) of 10
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- 2023
26. Diagnostic performance and clinical feasibility of a novel one-step RT-qPCR assay for simultaneous detection of multiple severe acute respiratory syndrome coronaviruses
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Tran Bac Le, Hye Kwon Kim, Min-Ju Ahn, Mark Zanin, Van Thi Lo, Shiman Ling, Zhanpeng Jiang, Jung-Ah Kang, Pan Kee Bae, Yeon-Sook Kim, Seungtaek Kim, Sook-San Wong, Dae Gwin Jeong, and Sun-Woo Yoon
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Clinical Laboratory Techniques ,SARS-CoV-2 ,viruses ,fungi ,COVID-19 ,virus diseases ,General Medicine ,respiratory system ,Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction ,Sensitivity and Specificity ,respiratory tract diseases ,Virology ,Feasibility Studies ,Humans - Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an acute respiratory infection caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Other coronaviruses (CoVs) can also infect humans, although the majority cause only mild respiratory symptoms. Because early diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 is critical for preventing further transmission events and improving clinical outcomes, it is important to be able to distinguish SARS-CoV-2 from other SARS-related CoVs in respiratory samples. Therefore, we developed and evaluated a novel reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) assay targeting the genes encoding the spike (S) and membrane (M) proteins to enable the rapid identification of SARS-CoV-2, including several new circulating variants and other emerging SARS-like CoVs. By analysis of in vitro-transcribed mRNA, we established multiplex RT-qPCR assays capable of detecting 5 × 10° copies/reaction. Using RNA extracted from cell culture supernatants, our multiple simultaneous SARS-CoV-2 assays had a limit of detection of 1 × 10° TCID50/mL and showed no cross-reaction with human CoVs or other respiratory viruses. We also validated our method using human clinical samples from patients with COVID-19 and healthy individuals, including nasal swab and sputum samples. This novel one-step multiplex RT-qPCR assay can be used to improve the laboratory diagnosis of human-pathogenic CoVs, including SARS-CoV-2, and may be useful for the identification of other SARS-like CoVs of zoonotic origin.
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- 2022
27. Potential for transmission of naturally mutated H10N1 avian influenza virus to mammalian hosts and causing severe pulmonary disease.
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Zanin, Mark, Le, Tran Bac, Woonsung Na, Jung-Ah Kang, Hyung-Jun Kwon, Jaehyun Hwang, Eul Hae Ga, Sook-San Wong, Hae-Jin Cho, Daesub Song, Hye Kwon Kim, Dae Gwin Jeong, and Sun-Woo Yoon
- Subjects
AVIAN influenza A virus ,LUNG diseases ,WATER birds ,PATHOLOGY ,SIALIC acids ,BIRD food - Abstract
Subtype H10 avian influenza viruses (AIV) are distributed worldwide in wild aquatic birds, and can infect humans and several other mammalian species. In the present study, we investigated the naturally mutated PB2 gene in A/aquatic bird/South Korea/SW1/2018 (A/SW1/18, H10N1), isolated from wild birds during the 2018-2019 winter season. This virus was originally found in South Korea, and is similar to isolates from mainland China and Mongolia. It had low pathogenicity, lacked a multi-basic cleavage site, and showed a binding preference for a2,3-linked sialic acids. However, it can infect mice, causing severe disease and lung pathology. SW1 was also transmitted by direct contact in ferrets, and replicated in the respiratory tract tissue, with no evidence of extrapulmonary spread. The pathogenicity and transmissibility of SW1 in mouse and ferret models were similar to those of the pandemic strain A/California/04/2009 (A/CA/04, H1N1). These factors suggest that subtype H10 AIVs have zoonotic potential and may transmit from human to human, thereby posing a potential threat to public health. Therefore, the study highlights the urgent need for closer monitoring of subtype H10 AIVs through continued surveillance of wild aquatic birds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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28. Reassortant Highly Pathogenic H5N6 Avian Influenza Virus Containing Low Pathogenic Viral Genes in a Local Live Poultry Market, Vietnam
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Jieun Lee, Van Phan Le, Sun-Woo Yoon, Dae Gwin Jeong, Jung-Ah Kang, Thi Bich Ngoc Trinh, Hyeok Won Lee, and Tran Bac Le
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Genes, Viral ,Short Communication ,animal diseases ,Reassortment ,Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology ,Microbiology ,Genome ,Poultry ,Influenza A Virus, H3N8 Subtype ,Animals ,Humans ,Clade ,Gene ,Feces ,biology ,business.industry ,Transmission (medicine) ,virus diseases ,General Medicine ,Poultry farming ,Virology ,Vietnam ,Influenza in Birds ,biology.protein ,Female ,business ,Chickens ,Neuraminidase - Abstract
Sites of live poultry trade and marketing are hot spots for avian influenza virus (AIV) transmission. We conducted active surveillance at a local live poultry market (LPM) in northern Vietnamese provinces in December 2016. Feces samples from the market were collected and tested for AIV. A new reassorted AIV strain was isolated from female chickens, named A/chicken/Vietnam/AI-1606/2016 (H5N6), and was found to belong to group C of clade 2.3.4.4 H5N6 highly pathogenic (HP) AIVs. The neuraminidase gene belongs to the reassortant B type. The viral genome also contained polymerase basic 2 and polymerase acidic, which were most closely related to domestic-duck-origin low pathogenic AIVs in Japan (H3N8) and Mongolia (H4N6). The other six genes were most closely related to poultry-origin H5N6 HP AIVs in Vietnam and had over 97% sequence identity with human AIV isolate A/Guangzhou/39715/2014 (H5N6). The new reassorted AIV isolate A/chicken/Vietnam/AI-1606/2016 (H5N6) identified in this study exemplifies AIVs reassortment and evolution through contact among wild birds, poultry farms, and LPMs. Therefore, active surveillance of AIVs is necessary to prevent potential threats to human and animal health. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00284-021-02661-z.
- Published
- 2021
29. Detection of bat-associated circoviruses in Korean bats
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Yong Gun Choi, Dae Gwin Jeong, Ji Yeong Noh, Sun-Woo Yoon, Hye Kwon Kim, Gowtham Dhandapani, Min Chan Kim, Seong Sik Jang, and Hyun A Lim
- Subjects
Whole genome sequencing ,food.ingredient ,Sequence analysis ,viruses ,animal diseases ,virus diseases ,General Medicine ,Biology ,biology.organism_classification ,Virology ,Cyclovirus ,food ,Metagenomics ,Circovirus ,Gene ,Nested polymerase chain reaction ,Genome size - Abstract
In recent years, several novel circular single-stranded DNA viruses have been detected in various mammals, birds, insects, and environmental samples using metagenomic and high-throughput sequencing approaches. In this study, we tested for the presence of circoviruses in 243 bat fecal samples collected between 2018 and 2019 from 48 sampling sites across Korea. To detect circoviruses, nested PCR was performed with degenerate primers targeting a conserved replication-associated protein (rep) gene of circovirus/cyclovirus. Among 243 samples tested, a total of 37 fecal samples from 14 sampling sites were PCR-positive for circoviruses at a frequency rate of 15.23%. We obtained 36 partial rep gene sequences of circoviruses and one complete genome sequence of bat-associated circovirus 12, encompassing a genome size of 2097 nt containing two inversely arranged open reading frames and a conserved nonamer sequence in the apex of a stem-loop structure. In addition, we found four bat species that were harboring circoviruses in Korea based on species identification PCR of circovirus-positive bat fecal samples. Detailed sequence analysis indicated that the bat-associated circovirus sequences identified in this study were related to those of known bat and avian groups of circoviruses. Herein, we report evidence for the presence of bat-associated circoviruses in Korean bats.
- Published
- 2021
30. Establishment of multicenter COVID-19 therapeutics preclinical test system in Republic of Korea
- Author
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Hyuna Noh, Suhyeon Yoon, Sung-Hee Kim, Jiseon Kim, Jung Seon Seo, Jeong Jin Kim, In Ho Park, Jooyeon Oh, Joon-Yong Bae, Gee Eun Lee, Sun-Je Woo, Sun-Min Seo, Na-Won Kim, Youn Woo Lee, Hui Jeong Jang, Seung-Min Hong, Se-Hee An, Kwang-Soo Lyoo, Minjoo Yeom, Hanbyeul Lee, Bud Jung, Sun-Woo Yoon, Jung-Ah Kang, Sang-Hyuk Seok, Yu Jin Lee, Seo Yeon Kim, Young Been Kim, Ji-Yeon Hwang, Dain On, Soo-Yeon Lim, Sol Pin Kim, Ji Yun Jang, Ho Lee, Kyoungmi Kim, Hyo-Jung Lee, Hong Bin Kim, Sun Bean Kim, Jun Won Park, Dae Gwin Jeong, Daesub Song, Kang-Seuk Choi, Ho-Young Lee, Yang-Kyu Choi, Jung-ah Choi, Manki Song, Man-Seong Park, Jun-Young Seo, Jeon-Soo Shin, Jun-Won Yun, Ki Taek Nam, and Je Kyung Seong
- Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,Biochemistry (medical) ,Pharmacology (medical) - Published
- 2023
31. Detection of Porcine circovirus 3 from captured wild boars in Korea
- Author
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Ji Yeong Noh, Hye Kwon Kim, Dae Gwin Jeong, Gowtham Dhandapani, Seong Sik Jang, Sun-Woo Yoon, and Sang-Hoon Han
- Subjects
Whole genome sequencing ,General Veterinary ,biology ,Veterinary medicine ,korea ,Case Report ,Case Reports ,biology.organism_classification ,Virology ,Virus ,Porcine circovirus ,Wild boar ,Nasal Swab ,biology.animal ,SF600-1100 ,porcine circovirus 3 ,Genome size ,Gene ,wild boar ,Feces - Abstract
Porcine circovirus 3 (PCV3) is a newly discovered ssDNA virus. The virus was first reported in pigs suffering from several clinical syndromes, including porcine dermatitis and nephropathy syndrome, reproductive disorders, respiratory disease and myocarditis. PCV3 was recently reported in wild boars with high prevalence as well. In this study, 266 wild boar anal swab, feces, nasal swab and whole blood samples were collected from three mainland provinces and one island province (Chungbuk, Gangwon, Gyeonggi, Jeju) of South Korea between 2019 and 2020 including 119 from male, 142 from female and 5 undetermined. PCV3 was diagnosed targeting conserved rep (replication associated protein) gene region using Direct PCR and sequencing. Out of 266 tested samples, 15 were positive for PCV3 with detection frequency at 5.6%. Among 266 samples tested, we obtained 14 partial rep gene sequences and one complete genome sequence of PCV3 with a genome size of 2000nt. Here we present the evidence of PCV3 circulation in Korean wild boars., This article reports the epidemiological data of Porcine circovirus 3 in captured wild boar populations of Korea.
- Published
- 2021
32. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 and influenza A virus co‐infection alters viral tropism and haematological composition in Syrian hamsters
- Author
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Hye Kwon Kim, Jung‐Ah Kang, Kwang‐Soo Lyoo, Tran Bac Le, Yoon Hwan Yeo, Sook‐San Wong, Woonsung Na, Daesub Song, Richard J Webby, Mark Zanin, Dae Gwin Jeong, and Sun‐Woo Yoon
- Subjects
Mesocricetus ,General Veterinary ,General Immunology and Microbiology ,Coinfection ,SARS-CoV-2 ,COVID-19 ,General Medicine ,Rodent Diseases ,Viral Tropism ,Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype ,Cricetinae ,Influenza, Human ,Animals ,Humans - Abstract
The ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic and its overlap with the influenza season lead to concerns over severe disease caused by the influenza virus and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) co-infections. Using a Syrian hamster co-infection model with SARS-CoV-2 and the pandemic influenza virus A/California/04/2009 (H1N1), we found (a) more severe disease in co-infected animals, compared to those infected with influenza virus alone but not SARS-CoV-2 infection alone; (b) altered haematological changes in only co-infected animals and (c) altered influenza virus tropism in the respiratory tracts of co-infected animals. Overall, our study revealed that co-infection with SARS-CoV-2 and influenza virus is associated with altered disease severity and tissue tropism, as well as haematological changes, compared to infection with either virus alone.
- Published
- 2022
33. Characterization of replication and variations of genomic segments of a bat reovirus, BatMRV/B19-02 by RNA-seq in the infected Vero-E6 cells
- Author
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Van Thi Lo, Sun-Woo Yoon, Ji Yeong Noh, Seong Sik Jang, Woonsung Na, Daesub Song, Dae Gwin Jeong, and Hye Kwon Kim
- Abstract
Mammalian Orthoreoviruses have been isolated from a wide variety of mammalian species that can cause enteric, respiratory and encephalitis infections. We report a novel MRV type 1 detected in Miniopterus schreibersii may have resulted from reassortment events. Using next-generation sequencing RNA-seq, we found that the ratios of relative abundances in RNA levels of the ten reovirus segments are constant during the late stages of infection in infected cells. We also discovered that the related RNA abundance level of each gene differed. Remarkably, the relative abundances of total RNA of M2 (coding µ1 protein) and S4 (coding σ3 protein) genes were higher than others throughout infection time. In addition, massive junctions were defined. These are evidence to support the hypothesis of generating defective genome segments and cross-family recombination mechanisms. These findings may support further the study of gene function, viral replication and virus evolution in the host.
- Published
- 2022
34. Characterization of replication and variations in genome segments of a bat reovirus, BatMRV/B19-02, by RNA-seq in infected Vero-E6 cells
- Author
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Van Thi Lo, Sun-Woo Yoon, Ji Yeong Noh, Seong Sik Jang, Woonsung Na, Daesub Song, Dae Gwin Jeong, and Hye Kwon Kim
- Subjects
Orthoreovirus ,Virology ,Chiroptera ,Animals ,RNA ,General Medicine ,Genome, Viral ,RNA-Seq ,Reoviridae - Abstract
Mammalian orthoreoviruses (MEVs) that can cause enteric, respiratory, and encephalitic infections have been identified in a wide variety of mammalian species. Here, we report a novel MRV type 1 strain detected in Miniopterus schreibersii that may have resulted from reassortment events. Using next-generation RNA sequencing (RNA-seq), we found that the ratios of the RNA levels of the 10 reovirus segments in infected cells were constant during the late stages of infection. We also discovered that the relative abundance of each segment differed. Notably, the relative abundance of M2 (encoding the µ1 protein) and S4 (encoding the σ3 protein) RNAs was higher than that of the others throughout the infection. Additionally, massive junctions were identified. These results support the hypothesis that defective genome segments are generated and that cross-family recombination occurs. These data may further the study of gene function, viral replication, and virus evolution.
- Published
- 2022
35. Molecular profile of African swine fever virus (ASFV) circulating in Vietnam during 2019-2020 outbreaks
- Author
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Thi Bich Ngoc Trinh, Thang Truong, Hyun-Joo Kim, Daesub Song, Thi Thu Huyen Nguyen, Van Tam Nguyen, Thi Lan Nguyen, Xuan Dang Vu, Nguyen Tuan Anh Mai, Ki-Hyun Cho, Aruna Ambagala, Thi Nga Bui, Sun-Woo Yoon, Dae Gwin Jeong, Yong Joo Kim, and Van Phan Le
- Subjects
Serotype ,Swine ,Sequence analysis ,Sus scrofa ,Genome, Viral ,African swine fever virus ,03 medical and health sciences ,Wild boar ,Virology ,biology.animal ,Genotype ,Genetic variation ,Animals ,Amino Acid Sequence ,African Swine Fever ,Gene ,030304 developmental biology ,0303 health sciences ,biology ,030306 microbiology ,Genetic Variation ,Outbreak ,Sequence Analysis, DNA ,General Medicine ,biology.organism_classification ,African Swine Fever Virus ,Mutagenesis, Insertional ,Vietnam ,Tandem Repeat Sequences ,DNA, Viral - Abstract
African swine fever (ASF) is a highly infectious disease of pigs caused by African swine fever virus (ASFV). In order to identify potential genetic variations among ASFV strains circulating in Vietnam, 26 ASFV isolates from organs and blood samples collected from domestic pigs from 23 different provinces of northern, central and southern Vietnam during 2019-2020 ASF outbreaks were genetically characterized. Nucleotide sequences were determined for a portion of the B646L (p72) gene, the complete E183L (p54) gene, the variable region of EP402R (CD2v), the central variable region (CVR) of pB602L, and a tandem repeat sequence (TRS) between the I73R and I329L genes. Analysis of the partial B646L (p72) and EP402R (CD2v) gene sequences and the full-length E183L (p54) gene sequence showed that all 26 ASFV isolates belonged to genotype II and serotype VIII and that they were identical to the strain Georgia/2007/1 and all ASFV strains sequenced in China. The TRS between the I73R and I329L genes contained a 10-nucleotide insertion that was observed in the Chinese ASFV strain CN201801 isolated from domestic pigs in 2018, but not in the Georgia/2007/1 and China/Jilin/2018/boar strains isolated from wild boar in China. This is the first intra-epidemic genome analysis reported for the ASFV strains circulating in Vietnam.
- Published
- 2021
36. Long‐term surveillance of bat coronaviruses in Korea: Diversity and distribution pattern
- Author
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Sun Woo Yoon, Hye Kwon Kim, Yong Gun Choi, Van Thi Lo, Youngji Kim, Dae Gwin Jeong, and Ji Yeong Noh
- Subjects
Myotis petax ,040301 veterinary sciences ,bats ,coronavirus ,Zoology ,alphacoronavirus ,Alphacoronavirus ,diversity ,host sharing ,0403 veterinary science ,Feces ,03 medical and health sciences ,Chiroptera ,Republic of Korea ,Animals ,Myotis macrodactylus ,Phylogeny ,030304 developmental biology ,0303 health sciences ,Genetic diversity ,Korea ,General Veterinary ,General Immunology and Microbiology ,biology ,Microbiota ,Rhinolophus ferrumequinum ,Bayes Theorem ,Original Articles ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,General Medicine ,biology.organism_classification ,Miniopterus fuliginosus ,Population Surveillance ,Epidemiological Monitoring ,Myotis bombinus ,Original Article ,Species richness ,Coronavirus Infections - Abstract
Bats harbour diverse coronaviruses (CoVs), some of which are associated with zoonotic infections, as well as inter‐species transmission. In this study, a total of 512 bat faecal samples from the bat habitats at different geographical locations in South Korea were investigated between 2016 and 2019. Seventy‐eight samples were positive for coronaviruses (15.2%), comprising 68 alphacoronaviruses (13.3%) and 10 betacoronaviruses (2.0%). The positive rates tended to increase during the awakening (April) period. Notably, betacoronaviruses were only found in the site where Rhinolophus ferrumequinum was the major species of bats, and were related to SARS‐ and MERS‐related CoVs identified in China and South Korea, respectively. No betacoronaviruses were closely related to SARS‐CoV‐2 in this study. Alphacoronaviruses were detected in the sites where Hypsugo alaschanicus, Miniopterus fuliginosus, Miniopterus schreibersii, Rhinolophus ferrumequinum, Myotis bombinus, Myotis macrodactylus and Myotis petax were found to be the major bat species. Furthermore, alphacoronaviruses had higher genetic diversity than betacoronaviruses and had a wider distribution in Korea. Considering that different bat species are co‐roosting in crowded conditions in the same habitat, the diverse coronaviruses in Korean bats are likely to undergo cross‐species transmission events due to the richness in host species. Therefore, continuous monitoring should be performed, especially at the awakening time of the hibernating bats in the habitats where diverse bat species co‐roost, to better understand the evolution of coronaviruses in bats.
- Published
- 2020
37. Morphological features and pathogenicity of mutated canine influenza viruses from China and South Korea
- Author
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Aram Kang, Woonsung Na, Minjoo Yeom, Hye Kwon Kim, Dae Gwin Jeong, Yongjie Liu, Seungjoo Haam, Hyun Ouk Kim, Geunseon Park, Daesub Song, Xing Xie, Sun Woo Yoon, and Jong Woo Lim
- Subjects
China ,040301 veterinary sciences ,Canine influenza ,Mutant ,Virulence ,Biology ,Antibodies, Viral ,Virus Replication ,Virus ,Madin Darby Canine Kidney Cells ,0403 veterinary science ,Pathogenesis ,03 medical and health sciences ,Dogs ,Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype ,Orthomyxoviridae Infections ,Republic of Korea ,Pandemic ,Animals ,Dog Diseases ,Antigens, Viral ,Phylogeny ,030304 developmental biology ,0303 health sciences ,Microscopy, Confocal ,General Veterinary ,General Immunology and Microbiology ,Host (biology) ,Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype ,Outbreak ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,General Medicine ,Flow Cytometry ,Virology ,United States - Abstract
The canine influenza virus (CIV) has spread globally from East Asia to the United States and mutated and evolved to generate various CIVs. Since 2010, the mutant CIVs found in China and Korea have presented increased virulence in mice, guinea pigs and ferrets, which has raised concerns about public health and outbreak of a severe canine flu. We analysed and compared the morphology, cellular uptake and pathogenicity of CIV variants in host animals, to determine their characteristics. The Chinese mutant, A/canine/Jiangsu/06/2010[H3N2](JS10), has two amino acid insertions at the distal end of the NA stalk, and A/canine/Korea/01/2007[H3N2](KR07) presented comparable efficiency of cell uptake and a similar morphology to spherical or small ovoid particles. However, KR07M generated from swapping of M segment of the pandemic isolate, A/California/04/2009 [H1N1] (CA04) into KR07 alone accounted for morphologic change and higher efficiency of cell uptake to the wild-type CIV. This study will provide an insight into the pathogenesis, transmission and evolution of CIVs and help determine future countermeasures.
- Published
- 2020
38. Dengue Virus–Polymersome Hybrid Nanovesicles for Advanced Drug Screening Using Real-Time Single Nanoparticle–Virus Tracking
- Author
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Geunseon Park, Hwunjae Lee, Hyun Ouk Kim, Dae Gwin Jeong, Chaewon Park, Van Phan Le, Seungjoo Haam, Hye Kwon Kim, Minjoo Yeom, Woonsung Na, Kwang Soo Lyoo, Daesub Song, Eun Hye Bae, and Jong Woo Lim
- Subjects
Boron Compounds ,Drug ,Materials science ,Endosome ,viruses ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Drug Evaluation, Preclinical ,02 engineering and technology ,Dengue virus ,Virus Replication ,010402 general chemistry ,medicine.disease_cause ,Antiviral Agents ,01 natural sciences ,Virus ,Dengue fever ,Dengue ,medicine ,Humans ,General Materials Science ,Pathogen ,Fluorescent Dyes ,Red fluorescence ,media_common ,Dengue Virus ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,medicine.disease ,Virology ,0104 chemical sciences ,Cell Tracking ,Polymersome ,Nanoparticles ,0210 nano-technology - Abstract
Dengue virus (DENV) is a major infectious viral pathogen that affects millions of individuals worldwide every year, causing a potentially fatal syndrome, while no commercial antiviral drugs are yet available. To develop an antiviral against dengue fever, it is necessary to understand the relationship between DENV and host cells, which could provide a basis for viral dynamics and identification of inhibitory drug targets. In this study, we designed DiD-loaded and BODIPY-ceramide-encapsulated DENV-polymersome hybrid nanovesicles (DENVSomes) prepared by an extrusion method, which trigger red fluorescence in the endosome and green in the Golgi. DENVSome monitors the dynamics of host cell-virus interaction and tracking in living cells with novel state-of-the-art imaging technologies that show images at high resolution. Also, DENVSome can be exploited to screen whether candidate antiviral drugs interact with DENVs. Consequently, we successfully demonstrated that DENVSome is an efficient tool for tracking and unraveling the mechanisms of replication and drug screening for antiviral drugs of DENV.
- Published
- 2020
39. Diagnostic Performance and Clinical Feasibility of a Novel One-Step RT-qPCR for Detecting Multiple Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus
- Author
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Seungtaek Kim, Sook-San Wong, Pan Kee Bae, Zhanpeng Jiang, Yeon-Sook Kim, Sun-Woo Yoon, Min-Ju Ahn, Dae Gwin Jeong, Shiman Ling, Van Thi Lo, Hye Kwon Kim, Tran Bac Le, Jung-Ah Kang, and Mark Zanin
- Subjects
business.industry ,viruses ,fungi ,virus diseases ,Medicine ,Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus ,business ,Virology ,respiratory tract diseases - Abstract
The pandemic coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is characterized as an acute respiratory infection in the majority of cases and is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). However, other coronaviruses (CoVs) can infect humans, although the majority only cause mild respiratory symptoms. As early diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 is critical to prevent further transmission events and to improve clinical outcomes, it is important to be able to distinguish SARS-CoV-2 from other CoVs in respiratory samples. Therefore, we developed and evaluated a novel quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR) assay, targeting the spike (S) and membrane (M) genes, to enable the rapid identification of SARS-CoV-2 including several new circulating variants, and other emerging pan-SARS-like CoVs. Using RNA extracted from cell culture supernatants, our multiple simultaneous SARS-CoV-2 assays confirmed a limit of detection of 1 × 100 TCID50/ml and no cross-reaction with human coronaviruses or other respiratory viruses. We also validated our method using human clinical samples from COVID-19 patients and healthy individuals, including nasal swab and sputum samples. This novel one-step multiplex RT-qPCR assay can be used to improve the laboratory diagnosis of human-pathogenic coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV-2, and may be useful for the identification of other pan-SARS-like CoVs of zoonotic origin.
- Published
- 2021
40. Complete genome sequence of a novel reassortant H3N3 avian influenza virus
- Author
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Tran Bac Le, Dae Gwin Jeong, Hai Yen Le, Sun-Woo Yoon, Min-Chul Jeong, Hey Kwon Kim, and In-Kyu Kim
- Subjects
Reassortment ,Neuraminidase ,Hemagglutinin (influenza) ,Genome, Viral ,Viral Nonstructural Proteins ,Biology ,medicine.disease_cause ,Genome ,Birds ,Influenza A Virus, H3N8 Subtype ,Viral Proteins ,03 medical and health sciences ,Virology ,Influenza A virus ,medicine ,Animals ,Gene ,Polymerase ,030304 developmental biology ,0303 health sciences ,Whole Genome Sequencing ,030306 microbiology ,virus diseases ,General Medicine ,Nucleoprotein ,Influenza in Birds ,biology.protein ,Reassortant Viruses - Abstract
Aquatic birds are known to be a reservoir for the most common influenza A viruses (IAVs). In the annual surveillance program, we collected the feces of migratory birds for the detection of IAVs in South Korea in November 2016. A novel reassorted H3N3 avian influenza virus (AIV) containing genes from viruses of wild and domestic birds was identified and named A/aquatic bird/South Korea/sw006/2016(H3N3). The polymerase basic 2 (PB2) and non-structural (NS) genes of this isolate are most closely related to those of wild-bird-origin AIV, while the polymerase basic 1 (PB1), polymerase acidic (PA), hemagglutinin (HA), nucleoprotein (NP), neuraminidase (NA), and matrix (M) genes are most closely related to those of domestic-bird-origin AIV. A/aquatic bird/South Korea/sw006/2016 contains PA, NP, M, and NS genes were most closely related to those of AIV subtype H4 and PB2, PB1, and HA genes that are most closely related to those of AIV subtype H3N8, while the NA gene was most closely related to those of subtype H10, which was recently detected in humans in China. These results suggest that novel reassortment of AIV strains occurred due to interaction between wild and domestic birds. Hence, we emphasize the need for continued surveillance of avian influenza virus in bird populations.
- Published
- 2019
41. Cricket paralysis virus internal ribosome entry site-derived RNA promotes conventional vaccine efficacy by enhancing a balanced Th1/Th2 response
- Author
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Hae Li Ko, Kyung Won Kang, Manki Song, Sang-Myeong Lee, Hye-Lim Park, Jae-Ouk Kim, Hye-Jung Kim, Jae-Hwan Nam, Eui-Cheol Shin, Hye Won Kwak, Seung Rok Ryu, Hyo Jung Park, Dae Gwin Jeong, Rhoon-Ho Kim, Min Ho Cha, and Hun Kim
- Subjects
CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes ,ELISPOT, enzyme-linked immunospot ,dLN, draining lymph node ,T-Lymphocytes ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Tfh, follicular helper T ,CoV, coronavirus ,CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes ,Antibodies, Viral ,Mice ,0302 clinical medicine ,IRES ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Th1/Th2 ,Alum ,Cells, Cultured ,Adjuvant ,Mice, Inbred BALB C ,TNF, tumor necrosis factor ,RIG-I ,Chemotaxis ,ELISA, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay ,Flow Cytometry ,CrPV ,Th2, T helper 2 ,NAbs, neutralizing antibodies ,IGR, intergenic region ,Infectious Diseases ,Dicistroviridae ,Molecular Medicine ,Female ,RIG, retinoic acid-inducible gene ,DCs, dendritic cells ,TLR, Toll-like receptor ,PRNT, plaque-reduction neutralization test ,HPV ,030231 tropical medicine ,Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ,HPV, human papillomavirus ,Internal Ribosome Entry Sites ,Biology ,CrPV, Cricket paralysis virus ,Article ,03 medical and health sciences ,Th2 Cells ,Immune system ,Adjuvants, Immunologic ,MERS ,Immunity ,Tg, transgenic ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,IFN, interferon ,ssRNAs, single-stranded RNAs ,IRESs, internal ribosome entry sites ,General Veterinary ,General Immunology and Microbiology ,fungi ,MERS, Middle East respiratory syndrome ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,RNA ,TLR7 ,Th1 Cells ,Vaccine efficacy ,WT, wild-type ,Virology ,Immunity, Innate ,IL, interleukin ,Mice, Inbred C57BL ,PFUs, plaque-forming units ,APCs, Antigen presenting cells ,hPBMCs, human peripheral blood mononuclear cells ,VLP, virus-like particle ,Myd88, myeloid differentiation primary response 88 ,Leukocytes, Mononuclear ,Vaccine ,Leukocyte chemotaxis - Abstract
Highlights • RNA adjuvant was developed from the CrPV intergenic region IRES. • The RNA adjuvant functioned as an adjuvant with protein-based vaccines. • The RNA adjuvant increased vaccine efficacy and induced balanced Th1/Th2 response. • The RNA adjuvant enhanced APC chemotaxis., An ideal adjuvant should increase vaccine efficacy through balanced Th1/Th2 responses and be safe to use. Recombinant protein-based vaccines are usually formulated with aluminum (alum)-based adjuvants to ensure an adequate immune response. However, use of alum triggers a Th2-biased immune induction, and hence is not optimal. Although the adjuvanticity of RNA has been reported, a systematic and overall investigation on its efficacy is lacking. We found that single strand RNA (termed RNA adjuvant) derived from cricket paralysis virus intergenic region internal ribosome entry site induced the expression of various adjuvant-function-related genes, such as type 1 and 2 interferon (IFN) and toll-like receptor (TLR), T cell activation, and leukocyte chemotaxis in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells; furthermore, its innate and IFN transcriptome profile patterns were similar to those of a live-attenuated yellow fever vaccine. This suggests that protein-based vaccines formulated using RNA adjuvant function as live-attenuated vaccines. Application of the RNA adjuvant in mouse enhanced the efficacy of Middle East respiratory syndrome spike protein, a protein-subunit vaccine and human papillomavirus L1 protein, a virus-like particle vaccine, by activating innate immune response through TLR7 and enhancing pAPC chemotaxis, leading to a balanced Th1/Th2 responses. Moreover, the combination of alum and the RNA adjuvant synergistically induced humoral and cellular immune responses and endowed long-term immunity. Therefore, RNA adjuvants have broad applicability and can be used with all conventional vaccines to improve vaccine efficacy qualitatively and quantitively.
- Published
- 2019
42. Identification of canine norovirus in dogs in South Korea
- Author
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Hye Kwon Kim, Min-Chul Jung, Dae Gwin Jeong, Sun-Woo Yoon, and Kwang-Soo Lyoo
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Veterinary medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Canine norovirus ,030106 microbiology ,Population ,Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ,Biology ,Antibodies, Viral ,medicine.disease_cause ,Disease cluster ,Enteritis ,Serology ,Feces ,03 medical and health sciences ,Dogs ,Seroepidemiologic Studies ,Republic of Korea ,Epidemiology ,medicine ,Dog ,Animals ,Seroprevalence ,Dog Diseases ,education ,Phylogeny ,Caliciviridae Infections ,education.field_of_study ,Korea ,lcsh:Veterinary medicine ,General Veterinary ,Norovirus ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,030104 developmental biology ,lcsh:SF600-1100 ,Research Article - Abstract
Background Canine noroviruses (CaNoVs) are classified into genogroups GIV, GVI, and GVII and have been detected in fecal samples from dogs since their first appearance in a dog with enteritis in Italy in 2007. CaNoVs may be a public health concern because pet animals are an integral part of the family and could be a potential reservoir of zoonotic agents. Nonetheless, there was no previous information concerning the epidemiology of CaNoV in South Korea. In the present study, we aimed to detect CaNoV antigens and to investigate serological response against CaNoV in dogs. Results In total, 459 fecal samples and 427 sera were collected from small animal clinics and animal shelters housing free-roaming dogs in geographically distinct areas in South Korea. For the detection of CaNoV, RT-PCR was performed using target specific primers, and nucleotide sequences of CaNoV isolates were phylogenetically analyzed. Seroprevalence was performed by ELISA based on P domain protein. CaNoVs were detected in dog fecal samples (14/459, 3.1%) and were phylogenetically classified into the same cluster as previously reported genogroup GIV CaNoVs. Seroprevalence was performed, and 68 (15.9%) of 427 total dog serum samples tested positive for CaNoV IgG antibodies. Conclusion This is the first study identifying CaNoV in the South Korean dog population.
- Published
- 2018
43. Detection of bat-associated circoviruses in Korean bats
- Author
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Gowtham, Dhandapani, Sun-Woo, Yoon, Ji Yeong, Noh, Seong Sik, Jang, Min Chan, Kim, Hyun A, Lim, Yong Gun, Choi, Dae Gwin, Jeong, and Hye Kwon, Kim
- Subjects
Circovirus ,Feces ,Chiroptera ,Republic of Korea ,Animals ,Circoviridae Infections ,Phylogeny - Abstract
In recent years, several novel circular single-stranded DNA viruses have been detected in various mammals, birds, insects, and environmental samples using metagenomic and high-throughput sequencing approaches. In this study, we tested for the presence of circoviruses in 243 bat fecal samples collected between 2018 and 2019 from 48 sampling sites across Korea. To detect circoviruses, nested PCR was performed with degenerate primers targeting a conserved replication-associated protein (rep) gene of circovirus/cyclovirus. Among 243 samples tested, a total of 37 fecal samples from 14 sampling sites were PCR-positive for circoviruses at a frequency rate of 15.23%. We obtained 36 partial rep gene sequences of circoviruses and one complete genome sequence of bat-associated circovirus 12, encompassing a genome size of 2097 nt containing two inversely arranged open reading frames and a conserved nonamer sequence in the apex of a stem-loop structure. In addition, we found four bat species that were harboring circoviruses in Korea based on species identification PCR of circovirus-positive bat fecal samples. Detailed sequence analysis indicated that the bat-associated circovirus sequences identified in this study were related to those of known bat and avian groups of circoviruses. Herein, we report evidence for the presence of bat-associated circoviruses in Korean bats.
- Published
- 2021
44. Characterization of the complete mitochondrial genome and phylogenetic analysis of the common dolphin
- Author
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Hye Kwon Kim, Ji Hyung Kim, Sun-Woo Yoon, Yuna Cho, Hawsun Sohn, Dae Gwin Jeong, Kyunglee Lee, Se Ra Lim, Young-Min Choi, and JunMo Lee
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,0301 basic medicine ,Mitochondrial DNA ,Subfamily ,Common dolphin ,Cetacea ,Stenella coeruleoalba ,Delphinus delphis ,phylogeny ,010603 evolutionary biology ,01 natural sciences ,03 medical and health sciences ,Phylogenetics ,biology.animal ,Genetics ,Molecular Biology ,Mitogenome Announcement ,mitogenome ,biology ,Phylogenetic tree ,biology.organism_classification ,Delphininae ,030104 developmental biology ,Evolutionary biology ,Research Article - Abstract
We report the complete mitogenome of the common dolphin, Delphinus delphis. Overall structure of the 16,387 bp mitogenome was very similar to those of other delphinid species, including the ancient D. delphis individuals. Multigene phylogeny revealed that D. delphis was most closely related to Stenella coeruleoalba, and clustered well with other species within the subfamily Delphininae.
- Published
- 2021
45. Nanoformulated Single-Stranded RNA-Based Adjuvant with a Coordinative Amphiphile as an Effective Stabilizer: Inducing Humoral Immune Response by Activation of Antigen-Presenting Cells
- Author
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Hanseul Oh, Hae Li Ko, Gyochang Keum, Manki Song, Soo Young Kim, Hye Jung Kim, Kyung Won Kang, Eun Kyoung Bang, Jae-Hwan Nam, Hye-Lim Park, Hyo Jung Park, Seung Rok Ryu, Rhoon Ho Kim, Jae-Ouk Kim, Jung Joo Hong, Dae Gwin Jeong, Karim El-Baz, Hyukjin Lee, Kyuri Lee, Minjeong Kim, Green Kim, Hye Won Kwak, and Sang-Myeong Lee
- Subjects
medicine.medical_treatment ,Drug Compounding ,Antigen-Presenting Cells ,010402 general chemistry ,01 natural sciences ,Catalysis ,Immune system ,Antigen ,Adjuvants, Immunologic ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Nanotechnology ,Antigen-presenting cell ,Innate immune system ,biology ,010405 organic chemistry ,Chemistry ,RNA ,General Chemistry ,TLR7 ,0104 chemical sciences ,Cell biology ,Immunity, Humoral ,biology.protein ,Antibody ,Adjuvant - Abstract
As agonists of TLR7/8, single-stranded RNAs (ssRNAs) are safe and promising adjuvants that do not cause off-target effects or innate immune overactivation. However, low stability prevents them from mounting sufficient immune responses. This study evaluates the adjuvant effects of ssRNA derived from the cricket paralysis virus intergenic region internal ribosome entry site, formulated as nanoparticles with a coordinative amphiphile, containing a zinc/dipicolylamine complex moiety as a coordinative phosphate binder, as a stabilizer for RNA-based adjuvants. The nanoformulated ssRNA adjuvant was resistant to enzymatic degradation in vitro and in vivo, and that with a coordinative amphiphile bearing an oleyl group (CA-O) was approximately 100 nm, promoted effective recognition, and improved activation of antigen-presenting cells, leading to better induction of neutralizing antibodies following single immunization. Hence, CA-O may increase the efficacy of ssRNA-based adjuvants, proving useful to meet the urgent need for vaccines during pathogen outbreaks.
- Published
- 2020
46. Complete Coding Sequence of a Swine Influenza A Variant (H3N2) Virus Isolated in the Republic of Korea in 2017
- Author
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Dae Gwin Jeong, Van Thi Lo, Ji Yeong Noh, Daesub Song, Young Ji Kim, Woonsung Na, Sun-Woo Yoon, and Hye Kwon Kim
- Subjects
viruses ,Genome Sequences ,virus diseases ,Influenza a ,Biology ,medicine.disease_cause ,Virology ,Virus ,Immunology and Microbiology (miscellaneous) ,Genetics ,Influenza A virus ,medicine ,Epidemiological surveillance ,Coding region ,Degree of similarity ,Molecular Biology ,Gene - Abstract
Cases of human infection with a swine influenza A virus variant have been reported in the United States, and since 2011, H3N2 variant viruses have also been regularly isolated from swine in the Republic of Korea. Here, we genetically characterized an influenza A H3N2 isolate (A/swine/P17-4/2017). BLASTN analysis of the 8 gene sequences revealed a high degree of nucleotide similarity (97.0 to 99.0%) to porcine strains circulating in the Republic of Korea and the United States. Specifically, we found a high degree of similarity in the nucleotide matrix gene to those of recent isolates from North Carolina., Cases of human infection with a swine influenza A virus variant have been reported in the United States, and since 2011, H3N2 variant viruses have also been regularly isolated from swine in the Republic of Korea. Here, we genetically characterized an influenza A H3N2 isolate (A/swine/P17-4/2017). BLASTN analysis of the 8 gene sequences revealed a high degree of nucleotide similarity (97.0 to 99.0%) to porcine strains circulating in the Republic of Korea and the United States. Specifically, we found a high degree of similarity in the nucleotide matrix gene to those of recent isolates from North Carolina. Therefore, continuous epidemiological surveillance is necessary to monitor the variation and evolution of influenza A viruses.
- Published
- 2020
47. Pipetting-based immunoassay for point-of-care testing: Application for detection of the influenza A virus
- Author
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Van Phan Le, Thi Van Lo, Daesub Song, Ji Yeong Noh, Hye Kwon Kim, Tran Bac Le, Dae Gwin Jeong, Sun Woo Yoon, Youngji Kim, Woonsung Na, Seungjoo Haam, Min Chul Jung, and Ahn Min Ju
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,medicine.drug_class ,Point-of-Care Systems ,Point-of-care testing ,lcsh:Medicine ,Metal Nanoparticles ,Immunologic Tests ,medicine.disease_cause ,Monoclonal antibody ,01 natural sciences ,Article ,Antigen capture ,In vitro analysis ,03 medical and health sciences ,Limit of Detection ,Influenza, Human ,Influenza A virus ,medicine ,Humans ,lcsh:Science ,Immunoassay ,Detection limit ,Multidisciplinary ,Chromatography ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,Assay systems ,Chemistry ,lcsh:R ,Infectious-disease diagnostics ,010401 analytical chemistry ,Pipette ,0104 chemical sciences ,030104 developmental biology ,lcsh:Q ,Gold - Abstract
Point-of-care tests (POCT) for pathogens are considered important for low-resource countries and facilities. Although lateral flow immunoassays (LFIA) have many advantages including speed and ease of use, their sensitivity is limited without specific equipment. Furthermore, their response cannot be enhanced through enzymatic reactions. Owing to these limitations, LFIAs have not yet been generally adopted as the standard protocol for in vitro analysis of infectious pathogens. We aimed to develop a novel pipetting-based immunoassay using a removable magnetic ring-coupled pipette tip. The “magnetic bead-capture antibody-targeted protein complex” was simply purified by pipetting and quantified by enzymatic colour development or using a lateral flow system. This pipetting-based immunoassay was applied to detect the nucleoprotein (NP) of the influenza A virus. Using an HRP-conjugated monoclonal antibody as a probe, the assay allowed for specific and sensitive detection. Furthermore, when this assay was applied exclusively for antigen capture in the lateral flow system, the limit of detection improved 100-fold and displayed greater sensitivity than the lateral flow system alone. Therefore, the pipetting-based immunoassay may be potentially used as a sensitive POCT to clinically detect a target antigen.
- Published
- 2019
48. First report of the complete mitochondrial genome and phylogenetic analysis of Fraser’s dolphin Lagenodelphis hosei (Cetacea: Delphinidae)
- Author
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Hyun Woo Kim, Ji Hyung Kim, Young-Min Choi, Kyunglee Lee, Hawsun Sohn, Kyum Joon Park, JunMo Lee, Dae Gwin Jeong, Hye Kwon Kim, and Yuna Cho
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,0301 basic medicine ,Conservation genetics ,Mitochondrial DNA ,Subfamily ,biology ,Phylogenetic tree ,Cetacea ,biology.organism_classification ,010603 evolutionary biology ,01 natural sciences ,03 medical and health sciences ,Burrunan dolphin ,030104 developmental biology ,Lagenodelphis hosei ,Phylogenetics ,Evolutionary biology ,Genetics ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics - Abstract
Fraser’s dolphin (Lagenodelphis hosei Fraser, 1956) is one of the least known and most recently described species in the family Delphinidae, and its complete mitogenome has yet to be determined. Herein, we report the first complete mitogenome of L. hosei. The newly obtained 16,390 bp L. hosei mitogenome showed the highest average nucleotide identity value with the Burrunan dolphin (Tursiops australis, 97.3%), and its overall structure was similar to those from other delphinid species. Multigene phylogeny using the 13 protein coding genes in the mitogenome revealed that L. hosei was well clustered with other species within the subfamily Delphininae, and the overall tree topology was congruent with recent phylogenetic studies of this species. These results provide important insights for conservation genetics and further evolutionary studies of the oceanic dolphins.
- Published
- 2018
49. First report of the occurrence and whole-genome characterization of Edwardsiella tarda in the false killer whale (Pseudorca crassidens)
- Author
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Dae Gwin Jeong, Sung-Kyun Park, Hye Kwon Kim, Ji Hyung Kim, Yuna Cho, Hawsun Sohn, Young-Min Choi, and Kyunglee Lee
- Subjects
musculoskeletal diseases ,0301 basic medicine ,Genetics ,Pseudorca crassidens ,congenital, hereditary, and neonatal diseases and abnormalities ,General Veterinary ,Whale ,Edwardsiella tarda ,nutritional and metabolic diseases ,Virulence ,Biology ,biology.organism_classification ,Genome ,Virulence factor ,03 medical and health sciences ,030104 developmental biology ,biology.animal ,skin and connective tissue diseases ,Pathogen ,Gene - Abstract
Although several Edwardsiella tarda infections have been reported, its pathogenic role in marine mammals has not been investigated at the genome level. We investigated the genome of E. tarda strain KC-Pc-HB1, isolated from the false killer whale (Pseudorca crassidens) found bycaught in South Korea. The obtained genome was similar to that of human pathogenic E. tarda strains, but distinct from other Edwardsiella species. Although type III and VI secretion systems, which are essential for the virulence of other Edwardsiella species, were absent, several virulence-related genes involved in the pathogenesis of E. tarda were found in the genome. These results provide important insights into the E. tarda infecting marine mammals and give valuable information on potential virulence factors in this pathogen.
- Published
- 2018
50. Outbreak of African Swine Fever, Vietnam, 2019
- Author
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Kwang Myun Cheong, Daesub Song, Eun-Hye Bae, Jinsik Oh, Thi Bich Ngoc Trinh, Joon Bae Kim, Thi Thu Hang Vu, Van Phan Le, Woonsung Na, Dae Gwin Jeong, Nguyen Van Tuyen, Minjoo Yeom, Thi Nga Bui, Sun-Woo Yoon, Hye-Min Kwon, and Thi Lan Nguyen
- Subjects
Microbiology (medical) ,Genes, Viral ,Genotype ,Swine ,Epidemiology ,030231 tropical medicine ,lcsh:Medicine ,Biology ,History, 21st Century ,lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases ,Disease Outbreaks ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Research Letter ,Animals ,lcsh:RC109-216 ,viruses ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Phylogeny ,outbreak ,African swine fever ,lcsh:R ,Asfarviridae ,High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing ,Outbreak ,Sequence Analysis, DNA ,Virology ,Infectious Diseases ,Vietnam ,DNA, Viral ,Outbreak of African Swine Fever, Vietnam, 2019 - Abstract
African swine fever is one of the most dangerous diseases of swine. We confirmed the 2019 outbreak in Vietnam by real-time reverse transcription PCR. The causative strain belonged to p72 genotype II and was 100% identical with viruses isolated in China (2018) and Georgia (2007). International prevention and control collaboration is needed.
- Published
- 2019
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