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In this investigation, the compound Korteweg-de Vries (Kd-V) Burgers equation with constant coefficients is considered as the model, which is used to describe the properties of ion-acoustic waves in plasma physics, and also applied for long wave propagation in nonlinear media with dispersion and dissipation. The aim of this paper to achieve the closed and dynamic closed form solutions of the compound KdV Burgers equation. We derived the completely new solutions to the considered model using the generalized -expansion method. The newly obtained solutions are in form of hyperbolic and trigonometric functions, and rational function solutions with inverse terms of the trigonometric, hyperbolic functions. The dynamical representations of the obtained solutions are shown as the annihilation of three-dimensional shock waves, periodic waves, and multisoliton through their three dimensional and contour plots. The obtained solutions are also compared with previously exiting solutions with both analytically and numerically, and found that our results are preferable acceptable compared to the previous results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: The aim of the present study was to examine the association of β-catenin, hTERT, p53, and Wnt7A with the clinicopathologic features of epithelial ovarian carcinoma (EOC). Materials and Methods: By using qRT-PCR method, the authors attempted to elucidate the diagnostic evaluation of β-catenin, hTERT, p53, and Wnt7A mRNA for ovarian malignancy. Results: It was observed that, compared to the healthy control group, the expression levels of β-catenin, hTERT, p53, and Wnt7A were upregulated in all the ovarian cancer cases. The current study indicated that individual expression of β-catenin, hTERT and Wnt7A did not significantly correlate with patients' clinicopathological parameters. However, expression of p53 significantly correlated with the FIGO Stage (p < 0.001) and histological grade (p < 0.001) of EOC patients. Conclusions: The mRNA expression levels of β-catenin, hTERT, p53, and Wnt7A were upregulated in all the ovarian cancer cases, compared to the healthy controls, which signifies their roles as ovarian cancer biomarkers. These biomarkers can be recognized as a potential important target for detection and anticancer therapies for ovarian cancer cases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Despite a strong international standpoint against female genital mutilation, the prevalence of female genital mutilation in Somalia is extremely high. Objectives: This study assessed the knowledge, attitude, and practice of female genital mutilation among female health care service providers in order to formulate appropriate policies and programs to eliminate this harmful practice. Design: Facility-based cross-sectional survey conducted in 2019 among female doctors and nurses working in Banadir Hospital, Mogadishu, Somalia. Methods: A total of 144 female health care service providers were randomly selected, and data were collected through a pre-tested, semi-structured questionnaire. Quantitative data were analyzed by using the statistical software SPSS (Version 21), and qualitative data were analyzed thematically in accordance with the objectives of the study. Results: The study found that about three-fifths of the respondents had undergone some forms of female genital mutilation during their life. An overwhelming majority believed that female genital mutilation practices were medically harmful, and a majority of them expressed their opinion against the medicalization of the practice of female genital mutilation. The study also observed a significant association between participants’ age and their negative attitudes regarding the legalization of female genital mutilation. Conclusion: Health care service providers’ effort is critical to eliminating this harmful practice from the Somalian society. Strong policy commitment and a comprehensive health-promotion effort targeting the parents and community leaders are essential to avert the negative impact of female genital mutilation.

An investigation was undertaken with a view to study the effects of different concentration of soda, pre-soaking media and cooking methods on cooking parameters of muga cocoons in autumn crop in the Department of Sericulture, Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat in two consecutive years. The parameters for the study were cooking period (min), deflossing period (min), cooking efficiency (%) and reelability (%). The three different concentrations of soda were used in the study of 0.10, 0.20 and 0.30 per cent. Among three different concentrations of soda the cooking parameters of muga cocoons were recorded better in 0.30 per cent soda than the rest of two concentrations and the pre-soaked cocoons in alkaline media and cooked by sunken system showed better performance in cooking parameters. Increasing of soda concentrations there is a tendency of decreasing of the cooking period and deflossing period in both sunken and floating system. Cooking efficiency and reelability percentage was also registered higher in 0.30 per cent soda concentrations. The reelability percentage and cooking efficiency were recorded higher in pre-soaked cocoons in alkaline media and cooked by sunken system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recently, biopolymers made from natural resources are gaining popularity as polymer electrolytes (PEs) in electrochemical devices. In the present work, a series of guar gum (GG)-based biopolymer gel electrolytes (BGEs) filled with different amounts of Al 2 O 3 nanofibers are synthesized and tested. The BGEs containing 7.5 wt% Al 2 O 3 nanofibers show the maximum room temperature ionic conductivity of 2.37 × 10 -3  S/cm at an uptake ratio of 120 %. Given the high conductivity, this uptake ratio is low, demonstrating that Al 2 O 3 nanofibers affect GG's ion transport characteristics. XRD reveals that the Al 2 O 3 in GG can create conductive environment for ion conduction. FTIR and XPS analyses demonstrate that nanofibers have the ability to generate supplementary routes for ion conduction in GG. Electrochemical investigations show that BGEs with 7.5 wt% nanofibers have a broad electrochemical potential range of 4.6 V. BGEs are stable at metallic electrodes and have a cationic transference number of 0.59. The initial discharge capacity at 0.5C has been measured to be 127 mAh g -1 for Li|BGE|LiFePO 4 cell in the first cycle and 116 mAh g -1 with coulombic efficiency of over 94 % after 100 cycles. Nanofiber-dispersed BGEs have high thermal and mechanical stabilities, according to TGA, DSC, and UTM tests., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Acrometastasis is an extremely rare diagnosis, invariably associated with poor prognosis. A 60-year-old female with complaints of cough and breathing difficulty also presented with pain and swelling in her left leg. Radiological investigations suggested a double primary in the lung and leg; histopathology and immunohistochemistry (IHC) confirmed the lesion in the leg to be metastatic from the lung primary. There should always be a high index of suspicion for acrometastasis in lung adenocarcinoma, as it is the most common malignancy to metastasize to the acral sites, followed by renal cell carcinoma, breast carcinoma, and colon carcinoma. The correct approach to tumors at several sites, in conjunction with history, radiology, and pathology, would aid in the timely and accurate diagnosis for proper patient management., Competing Interests: Human subjects: Consent for treatment and open access publication was obtained or waived by all participants in this study. Conflicts of interest: In compliance with the ICMJE uniform disclosure form, all authors declare the following: Payment/services info: All authors have declared that no financial support was received from any organization for the submitted work. Financial relationships: All authors have declared that they have no financial relationships at present or within the previous three years with any organizations that might have an interest in the submitted work. Other relationships: All authors have declared that there are no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work., (Copyright © 2024, Beso et al.)

The study aimed to determine the potential of the infrared (IR) spectrophotometric technique for measuring the content of sulphanilamide with the sulfonamide group. The study aimed to obtain the IR spectra of sulfanilamide and use the -SO 2 band at 1114.37 for the quantitative assay, determining its area under the curve (AUC). The study gives an alternative approach to existing analytical techniques that require vast amounts of organic solvents, which are costly and can be toxic, thus impacting the environment and increasing the analysis cost. The study evaluated the method's whiteness and greenness by utilizing the Complex green analytical procedure index, analytical GREEness calculator and Red Green Blue algorithm tool. The linierity was found to be 5 to 30 µg/ml. The present study has developed an infrared (IR) spectroscopic method that employs a straightforward sample preparation technique in methanol. The IR spectroscopic method's linearity range was determined to be 5-30 µg/ml. The p-value was 0.001 at 95 % confidence level assuring better recovery. This method is evaluated according to the Q2R1 ICH guideline. It is applicable to routine quality control analysis without pre-extraction using green IR spectroscopy. In conclusion, the study demonstrated that IR spectrophotometric techniques can quantify sulfanilamide while reducing the use of organic solvents, contributing to the green-and-white analytical chemistry approach. The developed methods are reliable, accurate, and cost-effective and have the potential to be implemented in routine analysis of sulfanilamide., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Interlayer excitons (IXs) in van der Waals heterostructures with static out of plane dipole moment and long lifetime show promise in the development of exciton based optoelectronic devices and the exploration of many body physics. However, these IXs are not always observed, as the emission is very sensitive to lattice mismatch and twist angle between the constituent materials. Moreover, their emission intensity is very weak compared to that of corresponding intralayer excitons at room temperature. Here we report the room-temperature realization of twist angle independent momentum direct IX in the heterostructures of bulk PbI 2 and bilayer WS 2 . Momentum conserving transitions combined with the large band offsets between the constituent materials enable intense IX emission at room temperature. A long lifetime (∼100 ns), noticeable Stark shift, and tunability of IX emission from 1.70 to 1.45 eV by varying the number of WS 2 layers make these heterostructures promising to develop room temperature exciton based optoelectronic devices.

Background: We report on TB treatment coverage and outcomes by sex among a nationally representative sample of deaths in the background of the national framework for a gender-responsive approach to TB adopted by India., Methods: Detailed interviews were undertaken for a nationally representative sample of deaths of all ages between 2019 and 2022 from the adult most knowledgeable about the deceased. Details about TB treatment were documented for females and males for whom history of TB diagnosis ever., Findings: Detailed data were available for 26,957 (92.1% participation) deaths. The prevalence of TB diagnosis ever was 2.9% (95% CI 2.6-3.2) and 5.8% (95% CI 5.4-6.1) among females and males, respectively. TB treatment coverage was similar for females (81.4%; 95% CI 76.7-85.3) and males (82.4%; 95% CI 79.8-84.7). TB treatment coverage was significantly lower for males with TB diagnosis in years 2021 and 2022 as compared to those diagnosed in 2019 (-12.1%; 95% CI -22.7 to -1.5). A similar proportion of females (55%) and males (58.9%) were on TB treatment at the time of death, had completed TB treatment (39.3% females and 35% males, and had discontinued TB treatment (5.3% females and 5.2% males); significant variation in treatment status was seen by age and state for both, and by wealth index quartile for males. Majority took TB treatment from public sector (females 72.9% and males 76.0%)., Interpretation: The sex-disaggregated findings from this nationally representative sample of deaths are a value-add to effectively address TB in India as majority of such understanding towards gender-responsive strategies is available from those who are alive., Funding: United States Agency for International Development (USAID)., Competing Interests: VR and YNP are employees of TIFA India, and AS and BV are employees of USAID/India. Other authors declare no completing interests., (© 2024 The Authors.)