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This paper aims at discussing the dimensions, conditions, and challenges of dialogue processes between different communities in order to contribute to STI policy-making within innovation systems in Latin America and the Caribbean. The evidence is based on fifteen cases. An analytical framework is proposed to analyse these dialogue processes, based on three dimensions: object, space, and temporality; each dimension is made up of various attributes. We outline three major policy recommendations: (i) it is crucial to understand the object of the dialogue and who are the communities and actors participating in it; (ii) it is important to clearly identify the three dimensions of the dialogue process and the specific attributes of each one; and (iii) it is advisable to identify differences in the conditions of each dialogue: capabilities between the participating communities and any asymmetries of power, in order to take corrective action and encourage the generation of agreements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this article is to discuss the tensions that are created between Science, Technology and Innovation (STI) communities during the dialogue process. The main argument revolves around the idea that public participation in STI is a complex process where communities with different expectations, logics, language codes, and dynamics of power relations participate. As a result, diverse tensions emerge during the dialogue process. To deal with these tensions, it is necessary to identify them, and appropriate and contextualize the methods of public participation in a flexible way to have instruments that allow overcoming such tensions and reaching better results. This article draws on and expands current empirical efforts to discuss public participation methods. It is based on a case study of a public dialogue experience between knowledge-based entrepreneurs with policymakers to identify the most important challenges that they face and the implications for STI policy in Mexico. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We explore new perspectives for analysing knowledge networks, arguing that knowledge networks can no longer be referred to as egalitarian, non-hierarchical, and neutral forms of social organization. Instead, networks reproduce tensions, asymmetries, and hierarchies linked to science, technology, and innovation policy incentives and incorporate dynamic and multi-situated nodes of power. This paper draws on evidence gathered from a case study on transnational and translocal knowledge networks in nanotechnology, which have central nodes at a public research center located in Chihuahua (Chihuahua) and its auxiliary branch in Monterrey (Nuevo Leon) in Northern Mexico. We propose that, in order to understand the production of asymmetries in knowledge networks, an incentive policy element must be added to the equation. The latter refer to monetary, symbolic, and material incentives stemming from all arenas where networks interact. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]