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In this paper, a novel miniaturized planar antipodal Vivaldi antenna (AVA) with high gain and back radiation reduction for 5G millimeter‐wave (mm‐Wave) communication is presented. First, due to the use of the gradual corrugated edges (GCE), the operating band of the antenna is extended in the direction of lower frequencies and the overall gain is also improved as well. Second, its gain of the antenna is better enhanced at the high frequency band through I‐Shape Metal Director (IMD). Lastly, to further reduce the back radiation, the split ring resonance branches (SRB) are added to the ground. The antenna front‐back ratio has improved considerably to over 20 dB. Meanwhile the antenna gain is improved further. Furthermore, a prototype antenna array was fabricated and the measurement results clearly show that the antenna array gain varies in the range of 15.86–16.43 dB when operating in the 5G millimeter wave band (24.75–28.35 GHz). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To address the problem of poor semantic reasoning of models in multiple-choice Chinese machine reading comprehension (MRC), this paper proposes an MRC model incorporating multi-granularity semantic reasoning. In this work, we firstly encode articles, questions and candidates to extract global reasoning information; secondly, we use multiple convolution kernels of different sizes to convolve and maximize pooling of the BERT-encoded articles, questions and candidates to extract local semantic reasoning information of different granularities; we then fuse the global information with the local multi-granularity information and use it to make an answer selection. The proposed model can combine the learned multi-granularity semantic information for reasoning, solving the problem of poor semantic reasoning ability of the model, and thus can improve the reasoning ability of machine reading comprehension. The experiments show that the proposed model achieves better performance on the C 3 dataset than the benchmark model in semantic reasoning, which verifies the effectiveness of the proposed model in semantic reasoning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Luteolin, a plant-derived flavonoid, was found to exert effective inhibitory effect to peroxidase activity in a non-competitive manner with an IC 50 of (6.62 ± 0.45) × 10−5 mol L−1. The interaction between luteolin and peroxidase induced the formation of a static complex with a binding constant (K sv) of 7.31 × 103 L mol−1 s−1 driven by hydrogen bond and hydrophobic interaction. Further, the molecular interaction between luteolin and peroxidase resulted in intrinsic fluorescence quenching, structural and conformational alternations which were determined by multispectroscopic techniques combined with computational molecular docking. Molecular docking results revealed that luteolin bound to peroxidase and interacted with relevant amino acid residues in the hydrophobic pocket. These results will provide information for screening additional peroxidase inhibitors and provide evidence of luteolin's potential application in preservation and processing of fruit and vegetables and clinical disease remedy. • HRP activity was inhibited by luteolin in a non-competitive manner. • The thermosensitivity of HRP decreased after treating with luteolin. • The conformation of HRP changed after treating with luteolin. • The surface of structure sharply decreased with treatment of luteolin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• gsm1 was isolated from an Arabidopsis glucose-hypersensitive mutant screen. • GSM1 encodes a putative RNA helicase and was localized to the nucleus. • gsm1 was sensitive not only to glucose but also to ABA. • GSM1 negatively regulates Glc-induced ABA signaling. In plants, sugar acts as an essential signaling molecule that modulates various aspects of metabolism, growth and development, which are also controlled by phytohormones. However, the molecular mechanism of cross-talk between sugar and phytohormones still remains to be elucidated. We have identified gsm1 (glucose-hypersensitive mutant 1) as a mutant with impaired cotyledon development that shows sensitivity to exogenous abscisic acid (ABA). The addition of fluridone can reverse the glucose (Glc) inhibitory effect in gsm1 , implying that endogenous ABA is involved in the Glc response of gsm1. In 4.5% Glc, the expression of Glc-induced ABA-responsive genes in gsm1-1 was nearly two times higher than that in the wild type. Compared to gsm1-1 , the gsm1-1 abi4-1 double mutant exhibited reduced sensitivity to Glc and ABA, which was similar to the Glc and ABA insensitive phenotype of abi4-1 , suggesting that ABI4 is epistatic to GSM1. In the treatment with 4.5% Glc, the GSM1 transcript level was greatly increased in abi4-1 by almost 4-fold of that in the wild type. These data suggest that GSM1 plays an important role in the ABI4-regulated Glc-ABA signaling cascade during Arabidopsis early seedling growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Polycrystalline zinc selenide is widely used in advanced optical systems due to its superior optical properties. However, the soft and brittle properties bring a challenge for high-quality surface processing. In recent years, elliptical vibration cutting has been proven as a promising method for machining brittle materials. In the present research, a series of grooving and planning experiments were carried out to investigate the machinability of zinc selenide with elliptical vibration cutting. The removal mechanism was analyzed from fracture characteristics, chip morphology, and phase transformation. The results show that elliptical vibration cutting is effective in suppressing cleavage-induced craters. Reducing the nominal cutting speed is beneficial to inhibit the spring back-induced tearing of grains. A 94-time increase in the critical depth of cut was achieved by vibration trajectory optimization compared to ordinary cutting. Moreover, the influence mechanism of feed on the evolution of surface morphology was revealed. Finally, a zinc selenide microlens array was successfully fabricated. The performance was evaluated by geometric parameter measurements and a multiple imaging test. The findings provide a prospective method for ductile regime machining of zinc selenide.