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4. Tonal Language Speakers Are Better Able to Segregate Competing Speech According to Talker Sex Differences

Author

Zhang, Juan, Wang, Xing, Wang, Ning-yu, Gan, Tian, Galvin, John J., III, Willis, Shelby, Xu, Kevin, Thomas, Mathew, and Fu, Qian-Jie

Abstract

Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare release from masking (RM) between Mandarin-speaking and English-speaking listeners with normal hearing for competing speech when target-masker sex cues, spatial cues, or both were available. Method: Speech recognition thresholds (SRTs) for competing speech were measured in 21 Mandarin-speaking and 15 English-speaking adults with normal hearing using a modified coordinate response measure task. SRTs were measured for target sentences produced by a male talker in the presence of two masker talkers (different male talkers or female talkers). The target sentence was always presented directly in front of the listener, and the maskers were either colocated with the target or were spatially separated from the target (+90°, -90°). Stimuli were presented via headphones and were virtually spatialized using head-related transfer functions. Three masker conditions were used to measure RM relative to the baseline condition: (a) talker sex cues, (b) spatial cues, or (c) combined talker sex and spatial cues. Results: The results showed large amounts of RM according to talker sex and/or spatial cues. There was no significant difference in SRTs between Chinese and English listeners for the baseline condition, where no talker sex or spatial cues were available. Furthermore, there was no significant difference in RM between Chinese and English listeners when spatial cues were available. However, RM was significantly larger for Chinese listeners when talker sex cues or combined talker sex and spatial cues were available. Conclusion: Listeners who speak a tonal language such as Mandarin Chinese may be able to take greater advantage of talker sex cues than listeners who do not speak a tonal language. more...

Published
2020
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5. Effects of Monaural Asymmetry and Target-Masker Similarity on Binaural Advantage in Children and Adults with Normal Hearing

Author

Liu, Ji-Sheng, Yu, Ya-Feng, Tao, Duo-Duo, Li, Yi, Ye, Fei, Galvin, John J., Gopen, Quinton, and Fu, Qian-Jie

Abstract

Purpose: For colocated targets and maskers, binaural listening typically offers a small but significant advantage over monaural listening. This study investigated how monaural asymmetry and target--masker similarity may limit binaural advantage in adults and children. Method: Ten Mandarin-speaking Chinese adults (aged 22-27 years) and 12 children (aged 7-14 years) with normal hearing participated in the study. Monaural and binaural speech recognition thresholds (SRTs) were adaptively measured for colocated competing speech. The target-masker sex was the same or different. Performance was measured using headphones for three listening conditions: left ear, right ear, and both ears. Binaural advantage was calculated relative to the poorer or better ear. Results: Mean SRTs were significantly lower for adults than children. When the target--masker sex was the same, SRTs were significantly lower with the better ear than with the poorer ear or both ears (p < 0.05). When the target--masker sex was different, SRTs were significantly lower with the better ear or both ears than with the poorer ear (p < 0.05). Children and adults similarly benefitted from target--masker sex differences. Substantial monaural asymmetry was observed, but the effects of asymmetry on binaural advantage were similar between adults and children. Monaural asymmetry was significantly correlated with binaural advantage relative to the poorer ear (p = 0.004), but not to the better ear (p = 0.056). Conclusions Binaural listening may offer little advantage (or even a disadvantage) over monaural listening with the better ear, especially when competing talkers have similar vocal characteristics. Monaural asymmetry appears to limit binaural advantage in listeners with normal hearing, similar to observations in listeners with hearing impairment. While language development may limit perception of competing speech, it does not appear to limit the effects of monaural asymmetry or target--masker sex on binaural advantage. more...

Published
2020
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8. Influence of language experience on digit recognition by English and Chinese listeners

Author

Zhou, Xiaoqing, Yuan, Wei, Galvin, John J, Fu, Qian-Jie, and Zhang, Ying

Subjects
Language, Communication and Culture, Linguistics, Acoustic Stimulation, Audiometry, Pure-Tone, Audiometry, Speech, Auditory Perception, Cognition, Humans, Mental Recall, Noise, Perceptual Masking, Phonetics, Recognition, Psychology, Speech Intelligibility, Acoustics
Abstract

Digit recognition was measured in quiet and in two noise conditions by English-native (EN) and Chinese-native (CN) listeners. EN listeners were tested using English digits and CN listeners were tested using both English and Chinese digits. In quiet, forward digit span recall worsened for both groups as the number of digits was increased. Significant effects of language experience were observed with five or more digits. Language experience had a significant effect on digit recognition in babble but not in steady noise. These results suggest that understanding of a nonnative language can be influenced by both cognitive load and listening environment. more...

Published
2015

11. Musician Advantage for Segregation of Competing Speech in Native Tonal Language Speakers

Author

Liu, Yang-wenyi, Cheng, Xiaoting, Ding, Chenru, Galvin, John J., Chen, Bing, and Fu, Qian-Jie

Abstract

The aim of this study was to replicate previous English-language musician advantage studies in Mandarin-speaking musicians and nonmusicians. Segregation of competing speech, melodic pitch perception, and spectro-temporal pattern perception were measured in normal-hearing native Mandarin-speaking musicians and nonmusicians. Speech recognition thresholds were measured in the presence of two-talker masker speech. The masker sex was either the same as or different from the target; target and masker speech were either co-located or spatially separated. Melodic pitch perception was tested using a melodic contour identification task. Spectro-temporal resolution was measured using a modified spectral ripple detection task. We hypothesized that, given musician advantages in pitch perception, musician effects would be larger when the target and masker sex was the same than when different. For all tests, performance was significantly better for musicians than for nonmusicians. Contrary to our expectation, larger musician effects were observed for segregation of competing speech when the target and masker sex was different. The results show that musician effects observed for non-tonal language speakers extend to tonal language speakers. The data also suggest that musician effects may depend on the difficulty of the listening task and may be reduced when listening tasks are too easy or too difficult. more...

Published
2024
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39. Appendix -Supplemental material for Comparison of Two Music Training Approaches on Music and Speech Perception in Cochlear Implant Users

Author

Fuller, Christina D., Galvin, John J., Maat, Bert, Başkent, Deniz, and Free, Rolien H.

Subjects
110315 Otorhinolaryngology, FOS: Clinical medicine, 111708 Health and Community Services, FOS: Health sciences
Abstract

Supplemental material, Appendix for Comparison of Two Music Training Approaches on Music and Speech Perception in Cochlear Implant Users by Christina D. Fuller, John J. Galvin III, Bert Maat, Deniz Başkent and Rolien H. Free in Trends in Hearing more...

Published
2018
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40. Appendix 1 -Supplemental material for Music and Speech Perception in Children Using Sung Speech

Author

Yingjiu Nie, Galvin, John J., Morikawa, Michael, André, Victoria, Wheeler, Harley, and Qian-Jie Fu

Subjects
110315 Otorhinolaryngology, FOS: Clinical medicine, 111708 Health and Community Services, FOS: Health sciences
Abstract

Supplemental material, Appendix 1 for Music and Speech Perception in Children Using Sung Speech by Yingjiu Nie, John J. Galvin III, Michael Morikawa, Victoria André, Harley Wheeler and Qian-Jie Fu in Trends in Hearing more...

Published
2018
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