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The study was to analyze six common agricultural and sideline products in southern China, peanut vines, evaluated pitaya vines, banana leaves, sea rice straw, zea mays straw and corn straw nutritional value. The experiment adopted a single-factor randomized design and sample materials were divided into three groups, and routine nutrient composition determination and simulated rumen in vitro fermentation experiment were carried out. The results showed that peanut vines had the highest CP content (P<0.05), banana leaves had the highest CF content (P<0.05), sea rice straw had the highest crude fiber content (P<0.05), and pitaya vines had the lowest NDF and ADF (P<0.05). The RFV, QI, GI, DE, ME and NEg of pitaya vines were significantly higher than those of other five samples (P<0.05). The highest gas production was obtained from pitaya vines after liquid external fermentation in rumen of Leizhou goats (P<0.05). The content of NH3-N was zea mays straw > pitaya vines > peanut vines > sea rice straw > corn straw > banana leaves. The IVDMD was pitaya vines > zea mays straw > corn straw > sea rice straw > peanut vines > banana leaves. The study indicates that nutritional value, feeding value and in vitro fermentation degradation results of six agricultural by-products are different, and affiliation function integrally assesses nutritional value in order of pitaya vines > peanut vines > zea mays straw > corn straw > sea rice straw > banana leaves. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Gastric cancer is the most common malignancy worldwide and is the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths, urgently requiring an early and non-invasive diagnosis. Circulating extracellular vesicles may emerge as promising biomarkers for the rapid diagnosis in a non-invasive manner., Methods: Using high-throughput small RNA sequencing, we profiled the small RNA population of serum-derived extracellular vesicles from healthy controls and gastric cancer patients. Differentially expressed microRNAs (miRNAs) were randomly selected and validated by reverse transcription-quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Receiver operating characteristic curves were employed to assess the predictive value of miRNAs for gastric cancer., Results: In this study, 193 differentially expressed miRNAs were identified, of which 152 were upregulated and 41 were significantly downregulated. Among the differently expressed miRNA, the expression levels of miR-21-5p, miR-26a-5p, and miR-27a-3p were significantly elevated in serum-derived extracellular vesicles of gastric cancer patients. The miR-21-5p and miR-27a-3p were closely correlated with the tumor size. Moreover, the expression levels of serum miR-21-5p and miR-26a-5p were significantly decreased in gastric cancer patients after surgery., Conclusions: The present study discovered the potential of serum miR-21-5p and miR-26a-5p as promising candidates for the diagnostic and prognostic markers of gastric cancer., Competing Interests: Declaration of conflicting interestsThe author(s) declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.

Tissue repair is a highly dynamic process, and the immediate onset of acute inflammation has been considered necessary for repair. Pore-forming proteins are important, both in pathogen invasion and host immunity. However, their roles in wound healing and tissue repair are unclear. βγ-crystallin fused aerolysin-like protein (α-subunit) and trefoil factor (β-subunit) complex (βγ-CAT) is a complex of a bacterial pore-forming toxin aerolysin-like protein and trefoil factor identified in the frog Bombina maxima. In this study, we established mouse cutaneous wound models to explore the effects of βγ-CAT on skin wound healing. βγ-CAT accelerated the healing of full-thickness wounds by improving re-epithelialization. This complex relieved dermal edema and promoted scarless healing. βγ-CAT treatment resulted in a rapid release of IL-1β, which initiated an acute inflammation response in the early stage of healing. Meanwhile, the expression levels of TGF-β1, VEGF, and bFGF and the recruitment of M2 macrophages around the wound significantly increased after βγ-CAT treatment. βγ-CAT protected skin wounds against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus by improving neutrophil recruitment at the site of the wound. Overall, our results suggest that βγ-CAT can promote tissue repair and protect skin wounds against antibiotic-resistant bacterial infection by triggering the acute inflammatory response. This is the first example that aerolysin-like pore-forming proteins widely existing in plants and animals may act in wound healing and tissue repair.-Gao, Z.-H., Deng, C.-J., Xie, Y.-Y., Guo, X.-L., Wang, Q.-Q., Liu, L.-Z., Lee, W.-H., Li, S.-A., Zhang, Y. Pore-forming toxin-like protein complex expressed by frog promotes tissue repair.

Background and Purpose: Telangiectatic osteosarcoma (TOS), a rare variant of osteosarcoma, may be easily misdiagnosed as aneurysmal bone cyst (ABC). The aims of this study were to investigate the diagnostic and prognostic factors of TOS by reviewing our experience with TOS and to develop a diagnostic model that may distinguish TOS from ABC., Materials and Methods: We identified 51 cases of TOS treated at the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University from March 2001 to January 2016 and reviewed their records, imaging information and pathological studies. A diagnostic model was developed to differentiate TOS and ABC by Bayes discriminant analysis and was evaluated. The log-rank test was used to analyze the prognostic factors of TOS and to compare the outcome differences between TOS and other high-grade osteosarcoma subtypes., Results: The multi-disciplinary diagnostic method employed that combined clinical, imaging, and pathological studies enhanced the diagnostic accuracy. Age 18 years or younger and pathologic fracture were more common among the TOS patients than among the ABC patients (P = .004 and .005, respectively). The average white blood cell (WBC), platelet, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) values of the TOS patients were higher than those of the ABC patients ( P = .002, .003, .007, and .007, respectively). Our diagnostic model, including the aforementioned factors, accurately predicted 62% and 78% of the TOS patients in the training and validation sets, respectively. The 5-year estimates of event-free survival and overall survival of the TOS patients were 52.5 ± 9.4% and 54.9 ± 8.8%, respectively, which were similar to those of patients with other osteosarcoma subtypes ( P = .950 and .615, respectively). Tumor volume and the LDH level were predictive prognostic factors ( P = .040 and .044) but not the presence of pathologic fracture or misdiagnosis ( P = .424 and .632, all respectively)., Conclusions: The multi-disciplinary diagnostic method and diagnostic model based on predictive factors, i.e. , age, the presence of pathologic fracture, and platelet, LDH, ALP and WBC levels, aided the differentiation of TOS and ABC. Smaller tumors and normal LDH levels were associated with better outcomes.

Purpose: (18)F-FLT-PET imaging was proposed as a tool for measuring in vivo tumor cell proliferation and detecting sub-volumes to propose escalation in radiotherapy. The aim of this study was to validate whether high FLT uptake areas in (18)F-FLT PET/CT are coincident with tumor cell proliferation distribution indicated by Ki-67 staining in non-small cell lung cancer, thus provide theoretical support for the application of dose painting guided by (18)F-FLT PET/CT., Materials and Methods: Twelve treatment naive patients with biopsy proven NSCLC underwent (18)F-FLT PET/CT scans followed by lobectomy were enrolled. The surgical specimen was dissected into 4-7 μm sections at approximately 4-mm intervals. The best slice was sort out to complete Ki-67 staining. Maximum Ki-67 labelling Index and SUVmax of the corresponding PET image was calculated. The correlation between Ki-67 Labelling Index and SUVmax of FLT was determined using Spearman Correlation analysis. High uptake areas and high proliferating areas were delineated on the two images, respectively, and their location was compared., Results: The maximal SUV was 3.26 ± 0.97 (1.96-5.05), maximal Ki-67 labeling index was 49% ± 27.56% (5%-90%). Statistical analysis didn't reveal a significant correlation between them (r = -0.157, P = 0.627, > 0.05). 9 patients can contour high proliferating area on Ki-67 staining slice, and eight can contour the high uptake areas. In 4 patients, we can observe a generally close distribution of high uptake areas and high proliferating areas, in one patient, both the uptake level and proliferation status was low, while the others didn't not find a significant co-localization., Conclusion: Noninvasive (18)F-FLT PET assessing the proliferative status may be a valuable aid to guide dose painting in NSCLC, but it needs to be confirmed further.