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Kyriakos Souliotis,1,2 Christina Golna,2 Christina Poimenidou,2 Tatiana Drakopoulou,3 Memi Tsekoura,2 Damon Willems,4 Vasileios Kountouris,5 Polyzois Makras6 1Department of Social and Education Policy, University of Peloponnese, Corinth, Greece; 2Research Department, Health Policy Institute, Maroussi, Greece; 3Greek Bone Health Association “Petalouda”, Perama, Greece; 4Market Access Lead, UCB Pharma, Brussels, Belgium; 5External Engagement Lead, UCB Pharma, Athens, Greece; 6Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes and Department of Medical Research, 251 Hellenic Air Force & VA General Hospital, Athens, GreeceCorrespondence: Kyriakos Souliotis, Email info@ksouliotis.grObjective: The objectives of this study were to elicit self-reported health status, quantify osteoporosis-related burden, and understand preferences for treatment attributes among postmenopausal women with severe osteoporosis in Greece.Methods: Postmenopausal women with self-reported severe osteoporosis, defined as having suffered at least one osteoporotic fracture and reporting a T-score of ≤− 2.5, were asked to evaluate their health status, osteoporosis management, and disease-related physical, emotional, and financial burden. Participants were also asked to rate a series of treatment attributes and state their preference for unlabeled anabolic treatments, based on scenarios describing key treatment characteristics.Results: Approximately one third (31%) of the 186 participants who responded to the survey in full had been living with severe osteoporosis for more than 10 years. Three quarters of participants (72%) considered their overall quality of life (QoL) to be worse than it had been 10 years prior, and the vast majority (89%) attributed this deterioration to osteoporosis. Direct, out of pocket, disease-related costs of at least € 100 per month were reported by 86% of participants. Patients attached the greatest value to a treatment that would decrease probability of future fractures

Kyriakos Souliotis,1,2 Christina Golna,2 Pavlos Golnas2 1Department of Social and Education Policy, University of Peloponnese, Corinth, Greece; 2The Health Policy Institute, Maroussi, GreeceCorrespondence: Kyriakos Souliotis, Email ksouliotis@uop.grAbstract: Early diagnosis of lung cancer in pulmonary nodules identified by computed tomography (CT) may be critical in reducing the epidemiological burden of the disease, particularly in countries where such a burden is considerably high and risk factors for lung cancer very prevalent. The establishment and operation of pulmonary nodule clinics (PNCs), ie, multidisciplinary services that watch and evaluate nodules found through deliberate screening efforts or as incidental findings, is increasingly becoming a key tool to implement such early-intervention, cancer-risk management policies elsewhere in the world. This review aims to research and present in a structured manner findings from published sources on options and considerations for setting up a PNC in a country such as Greece. These refer to the type of services a PNC would provide to optimize diagnosis of suspect pulmonary nodules, its structure and organization, including processes, human resources and technology infrastructure, its target audience, ie, who would be eligible to use its services, and the expected outcomes of its operation, in terms of a set of key performance indicators. Our review also revealed critical key success factors that should be considered when designing the introduction of a PNC in a health care setting, including optimal referral pathways, aligned clinical decision making and patient preferences and participation/empowerment. Our findings may inform health care systems with a high lung cancer burden and no available PNC service on options and considerations before introducing such a service in their respective settings.Keywords: pulmonary nodules, screening, risk-mitigation in lung cancer, health policy, health care services organizati