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A controlled amount of nitrogen is introduced into the NiMo alloy to obtain a bimetallic nitride with improved activity and stability, resulting in a stability of over 50 h at a current density of 1.0 A cm−2 under 2.17 V in an anion membrane flow cell.

Although sclerosing adenopathy of the prostate is a very rare benign disease, an effective differential diagnosis is required. Here, we report the clinicopathological and immunohistochemical morphological features of 12 cases of sclerosing adenopathy of the prostate to improve understanding of the disease.To investigate the clinicopathological features, diagnosis, and immunohistochemical phenotypes that distinguish prostate sclerosing adenopathy from other conditions.The clinical data, laboratory tests, pathological morphology, and immunohistochemical phenotypes of 12 cases of prostatic sclerosing adenopathy were retrospectively analyzed, and the relevant literature was reviewed.All patients were elderly men (mean age, 71.7 years; 62-83 years). Eleven of them had hematuria, urinary frequency, urinary urgency, difficulty in urination, and serum total prostate-specific antigen values within the normal range. One patient had increased blood pressure. Enlarged prostates with single to multiple calcifying foci were observed. Moreover, prostate tissue hyperplastic changes were observed in all patients. Small follicular hyperplastic nodules without an obvious envelope, with a growth pattern mimicking the infiltration pattern of "prostate adenocarcinoma" were noted. Basal cells expressed AR, CKH, P63, and CK5/6, and myoepithelial markers, such as calponin, S100, and smooth muscle actin. No recurrence or exacerbation of the lesions was observed, except for one case of death due to bladder cancer.Prostatic sclerosing adenopathy is highly misdiagnosed as prostate adenocarcinoma or other tumor-like lesions. Therefore, it should attract the attention of clinicopathologic researchers.

Oleanolic acid has previously been shown to possess PI3K inhibitory activity, thus, the purpose of this work was to generate a series of derivatives that improve the potency. Twenty rationally designed oleanolic acid derivatives were synthesized and tested the cytotoxicity and PI3K inhibitory activity. The results suggested that attachment of additional structural elements such as association of thiazole group to A ring and insertion of phenylurea group was important for increasing activities. The most active derivative was compound

BACKGROUND: We aimed to investigate perineal nerve block versus periprostatic block in pain control for men undergoing a transperineal prostate biopsy. METHODS: In this prospective, randomised, blinded and parallel-group trial, men in six Chinese hospitals with suspected prostate cancer were randomly assigned (1:1) at the point of local anaesthesia to receive a perineal nerve block or periprostatic block and followed by a transperineal prostate biopsy. Centres used their usual biopsy procedure. Operators who performed anaesthesia were trained in both techniques before the trial and were masked to the randomised allocation until the time of anaesthesia and were not involved in the subsequent biopsy procedure and any assessment or analysis. Other investigators and the patients were masked until trial completion. The primary outcome was the level of the worst pain experienced during the prostate biopsy procedure. Secondary outcomes included pain (post-biopsy at 1, 6 and 24 h), changes in blood pressure, heart rate and breathing rate during the biopsy procedure, external manifestations of pain during biopsy, anaesthesia satisfaction, the detection rate of PCa and clinically significant PCa. This trial is registered on ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04501055. FINDINGS: Between August 13, 2020, and July 20, 2022, 192 men were randomly assigned to perineal nerve block or periprostatic block, 96 per study group. Perineal nerve block was superior for the relief of pain during the biopsy procedure (mean 2.80 for perineal nerve block and 3.98 for periprostatic block; adjusted difference in means −1.17, P

Purpose A comparative retrospective study to assess the impact of PSMA Ligand PET/MRI ([68 Ga]-Ga-PSMA-11 and [18F]-F-PSMA-1007 PET/MRI) as a new method of target delineation compared to conventional imaging on whole-pelvis radiotherapy for high-risk prostate cancer (PCa). Patients and methods Forty-nine patients with primary high-risk PCa completed the whole-pelvis radiotherapy plan based on PSMA PET/MRI and MRI. The primary endpoint compared the size and overlap of clinical target volume (CTV) and nodal gross tumour volume (GTVn) based on PSMA PET/MRI and MRI. The diagnostic performance of two methods for pelvic lymph node metastasis (PLNM) was evaluated. Results In the radiotherapy planning for high-risk PCa patients, there was a significant correlation between MRI-CTV and PET/MRI-CTV (P = 0.005), as well as between MRI-GTVn and PET/MRI-GTVn (P P = 0.660, P = 0.650, respectively). The conformity index (CI), lesion coverage factor (LCF) and Dice similarity coefficient (DSC) of CTVs were 0.999, 0.953 and 0.954. The CI, LCF and DSC of GTVns were 0.927, 0.284, and 0.32. Based on pathological lymph node analysis of 463 lymph nodes from 37 patients, the sensitivity, specificity of PET/MRI in the diagnosis of PLNM were 77.78% and 99.76%, respectively, which were higher than those of MRI (P = 0.011). Eight high-risk PCa patients who finished PSMA PET/MRI changed their N or M stage. Conclusion The CTV delineated based on PET/MRI and MRI differ little. The GTVn delineated based on PET/MRI encompasses metastatic pelvic lymph nodes more accurately than MRI and avoids covering pelvic lymph nodes without metastasis. We emphasize the utility of PET/MRI fusion images in GTVn delineation in whole pelvic radiotherapy for PCa. The use of PSMA PET/MRI aids in the realization of more individual and precise radiotherapy for PCa.

A Cu-BTC-CP precatalyst with asymmetric building units, which in situ reconstructs to low-coordinated Cu during the CO2RR, delivers an ethylene faradaic efficiency of 65.2 ± 3% at 350 mA cm−2 in a flow cell.

Water-alkaline electrolysis holds a great promise for industry-scale hydrogen production but is hindered by the lack of enabling hydrogen evolution reaction electrocatalysts to operate at ampere-level current densities under low overpotentials. Here, we report the use of hydrogen spillover-bridged water dissociation/hydrogen formation processes occurring at the synergistically hybridized Ni

Triple-atom structure (TAS) shows structural superiority compared to single- and double-atom structures for electrochemical nitrogen reduction reaction. 736 TAS catalysts were explored using genetic-algorithm-based global optimization method and 146 candidates identified.

We present the Galactic disk vertical velocity analysis using OB type stars (OB), Red Clump stars (RC), and Main-Sequence-Turn-Off stars (MSTO) with different average age populations crossed matched with LAMOST DR5 and Gaia DR3. We reveal the vertical velocities of the three populations varies clearly with the Galactocentric distance ($R$) and the younger stellar population has stronger increasing trend in general. The bending and breathing modes indicated by the vertical motions are dependent on the populations and they are varying with spatial locations. These vertical motions may be due to the Galactic warp, or minor mergers, or non-equilibrium of the disk. Assuming the warp is the dominant component, we find that the warp amplitude ($\gamma$, $Z_\omega$) for OB (younger population) is larger than that for RC (medium population) and the later one is also larger than that for MSTO (older population), which is in agreement with other independent analyses of stellar density distribution, and supports the warp is long-lived, non-steady structure and has time evolution. This conclusion is robust whether or not the line-of-nodes $\phi_w$ is fixed or as a free parameter (with $\phi_w$ is around 3$-$8.5$^{\circ}$ as best fit). Furthermore, we find that warp is lopsided with asymmetries along azimuthal angle ($\phi$)., Comment: 15 pages, 13 figures. Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal

This study analyzed the outcome indicators in randomized controlled trial(RCT) on Chinese medicine as adjuvant therapy for severe pneumonia in the past years, laying a foundation for the design of clinical trials on and construction of core outcome set(COS) for severe pneumonia. To be specific, related RCT was retrieved from CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, SinoMed, PubMed, EMbase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, and ClinicalTrials.gov(from January 1,2011 to April 9,2022). Then data in the trials were extracted, and the quality of included RCT was assessed according to Cochrane handbook, followed by descriptive analysis of the use of outcome indicators. A total of 11 833 articles were screened out, and finally 34 RCTs were included(2 were protocols). The included trials involved 109 outcome indicators with emergence frequency of 320, which were mainly classified into 9 categories: physicochemical indicators(54, frequency 167), time to achieve the efficacy(15, frequency 38), clinical effective rate(10, frequency 36), quality of life(11, frequency 35), symptoms and signs(7, frequency 18), traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) syndrome(4, frequency 13), safety(3, frequency 8), economic evaluation(1, frequency 1), other indicators(4, frequency 4). The indicators with high frequency followed the order: total effective rate, arterial oxygen partial pressure, C-reactive protein, white blood cell count, arterial blood carbon dioxide partial pressure. A total of 5 articles(14.71%) reported the main outcome indicators and 11 articles(32.35%) adopted the efficacy on TCM syndromes as the outcome indicator. There are many problems in the selection of outcome indicators in RCT on the treatment of severe pneumonia with Chinese medicine, mainly manifested as the disregard of clinical endpoint indicators, the inappropriate selection of surrogate indicators, and the non-standard evaluation criteria for the efficacy on TCM syndrome. It is suggested that the evaluation system for the efficacy of Chinese medicine on severe pneumonia should be established in accordance with the method for international COS to improve the quality of clinical trials.

Network Meta-analysis was conducted to compare the efficacy and safety of different Chinese medicine injections combined with conventional therapy in the treatment of stroke-associated pneumonia. CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library were searched for the relevant literature pubslished from inception to April 1, 2022. Stata 17 was used for data analysis. After screening of 1 189 papers, 72 studies were finally selected, which involved 5 819 patients and 6 Chinese medicine injections(Tanreqing Injection, Xingnaojing Injection, Xuebijing Injection, Xiyanping Injection, Shenfu Injection, and Shenmai Injection). The network Meta-analysis ranked the injections as follows.(1) In terms of improving the total clinical effective rate, the surface under the cumulative ranking curve(SUCRA) followed the order of Xiyanping Injection + conventional therapygt; Xuebijing Injection + conventional therapygt; Tanreqing Injection + conventional therapygt; Shenmai Injection + conventional therapygt; Xingnaojing Injection + conventional therapygt; Shenfu Injection + conventional therapygt; conventional therapy.(2) In terms of recovering the National Institute of Health stroke scale(NIHSS) scores, the SUCRA followed the order of Xuebijing Injection + conventional therapygt; Xingnaojing Injection + conventional therapygt; Tanreqing Injection + conventional therapygt; Shenfu Injection + conventional therapygt; conventional therapy.(3) In reducing the average time to abatement of fever, the SUCRA followed the order of Xiyanping Injection + conventional therapygt; Tanreqing Injection + conventional therapygt; Xuebijing Injection + conventional therapygt; conventional therapy.(4) In terms of reducing the mean hospital stay, the SUCRA followed the order of Xiyanping Injection + conventional therapygt; Xubijing Injection + conventional therapygt; Tanreqing Injection + conventional therapygt; Shenmai Injection + conventional therapygt; conventional therapy. The clinical efficacy of Tanreqing Injection, Xuebijing Injection, Xiyanping Injection, Xingnaojing Injection, Shenmai Injection, or Shenfu Injection combined with conventional therapy was superior to that of conventional therapy alone. However, due to the limitations of the quality and methodology of different intervention measures, this conclusion needs to be verified by more high-quality and rigorously designed randomized controlled trial.

Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common digestive system tumors in the world. Many circular RNAs (circRNAs) are involved in the progression of GC. The purpose of this study was to delve into the expression characteristics and biological functions of circ_0000064 in GC, and further study its mechanisms. Quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) was performed to detect circ_0000064 expression in 61 GC tissues and cell lines. Circ_0000064 knockdown was successfully modeled with siRNA. The effects of circ_0000064 on the biological functions of GC cells were analyzed by CCK‐8, BrdU, and Transwell assays. Bioinformatics and dual‐luciferase reporter gene assay were adopted to explore the relations between circ_0000064 and microRNA‐621 (miR‐621). Western blot was used to examine the regulatory function of circ_0000064 and miR‐621 on SYF2 pre‐mRNA splicing factor 2. Cric_0000064 expression was elevated in GC tissues and cell lines. Knocking down cric_0000064 could inhibit the viability, migration, and invasion of GC cells. Dual‐luciferase reporter gene assay showed that miR‐621 could bind circ_0000064 and SYF2 3'UTR; in addition, miR‐621 overexpression or SYF2 knockdown could partially weaken the cancer‐promoting effect of circ_0000064 on GC cells. Circ_0000064 expression was negatively correlated with miR‐621 expression in GC tissues while positively with SYF2 expression. Circ_0000064 can participate in the GC progression via modulating miR‐621/SYF2 axis. This implies that circ_0000064 may be a new diagnosed biomarker or a new therapeutic target of GC.

Three blade-geometry optimization models derived along with assumptions from the blade element momentum (BEM) approach are studied by using a steady BEM code to improve a small horizontal-axis rotor of three blades that has been previously used in experiments. The base rotor blade has linear-radially varying chord length and pitch angle, while the other three models noted as Burton, Implicit and Hansen due to their references and characteristics yield blades of non-linearly varying chord length and pitch angle. The aim is to compare these rapid models and study how assumptions embedded in them affect performance and induction factors. It is found that the model that has the least assumptions (Hansen) and which considers the blade-profile drag in its optimization procedure yields the highest power coefficient, CP, at the optimal tip speed ratio (TSR), about 7% higher than the base one and also higher CP at high TSR. It produces an axial induction factor distribution along the blade that is closest to the 1D optimal value of 1/3. All optimized tangential induction-factor distributions along the blade closely vary as inverse to the square of the radial distance, while being mildly higher than the base distribution. It shows that sufficient swirl is necessary to increase power but at a level causing not too much energy loss in unnecessary swirl of the wake. At high TSR, all optimized rotors adversely produce higher thrust than the base one, but the one with most embedded assumptions (Burton) produces the highest thrust. Details of all three optimization models are given along with the distributions of the power, thrust, blade hydrodynamic efficiency and induction factors.

We present a catalog of 948,216 stars with mass labels and a catalog of 163,105 red clump (RC) stars with mass and age labels simultaneously. The training data set is crossmatched from the Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope DR5, and high-resolution asteroseismology data, mass, and age are predicted by the random forest (RF) method or a convex-hull algorithm. The stellar parameters with a high correlation with mass and age are extracted and the test data set shows that the median relative error of the prediction model for the mass of the large sample is 3%, and for the mass and age of RC stars is 4% and 7%. We also compare the predicted age of RC stars with recent works and find that the final uncertainty of the RC sample could reach 18% for age and 9% for mass; meanwhile, the final precision of the mass for the large sample with different types of stars could reach 13% without considering systematics. All of this implies that this method could be widely used in the future. Moreover, we explore the performance of different machine-learning methods for our sample, including Bayesian linear regression and the gradient-boosting decision tree (GBDT), multilayer perceptron, multiple linear regression, RF, and support vector regression methods. Finally, we find that the performance of a nonlinear model is generally better than that of a linear model, and the GBDT and RF methods are relatively better.

Background We aimed to assess the clinical value of 18F-PSMA-1007 and 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET/MRI in the gross tumor volume (GTV) delineation of radiotherapy for prostate cancer (PCa). Methods Sixty-nine patients were retrospectively enrolled (57 in the 18F subgroup and 12 in the 68Ga subgroup). Three physicians delineated the GTV and tumor length by the visual method and threshold method with thresholds of 30%, 40%, 50%, and 60% SUVmax. The volume correlation and differences in GTVs were assessed. The dice similarity coefficient (DSC) was applied to estimate the spatial overlap between GTVs. For 51 patients undergoing radical prostatectomy, the tumor length (Lpath) of the maximum area was measured, and compared with the longest tumor length obtained based on the images (LMRI, LPET/MRI, LPET, LPET30%, LPET40%, LPET50%, LPET60%) to determine the best delineation method. Results In the 18F subgroup, (1) GTV-PET/MRI (p 0.7. (2) GTV-MRI (R2 = 0.462, p 68Ga subgroup, (1) GTV-PET/MRI (p 0.7. (2) There was a significant correlation between GTV-MRI (r = 0.580, p Conclusion It is feasible to visually delineate GTV on PSMA PET/MRI in PCa radiotherapy, and we emphasize the utility of PET/MRI fusion images in GTV delineation. In addition, the overlap degree was the highest between GTV-MRI and GTV-PET/MRI, and it increased with increasing volume.

Using a three-prefecture, two-variant COVID-19 outbreak in Henan province in January 2022, we evaluated the associations of primary and booster immunization with China-produced COVID-19 vaccines and COVID-19 pneumonia and SARS-CoV-2 viral load among persons infected by Delta or Omicron variant. We obtained demographic, clinical, vaccination, and multiple Ct values of infections ≥3 years of age. Vaccination status was either primary series ≥180 days prior to infection; primary series180 days prior to infection, or booster dose recipient. We used logistic regression to determine odds ratios (OR) of Delta and Omicron COVID-19 pneumonia by vaccination status. We analysed minimum Ct values by vaccination status, age, and variant. Of 826 eligible cases, 405 were Delta and 421 were Omicron cases; 48.9% of Delta and 19.0% of Omicron cases had COVID-19 pneumonia. Compared with full primary vaccination ≥180 days before infection, the aOR of pneumonia was 0.48 among those completing primary vaccination180 days and 0.18 among booster recipients among these Delta infections. Among Omicron infections, the corresponding aOR was 0.34 among those completing primary vaccination180 days. There were too few (ten) Omicron cases among booster dose recipients to calculate a reliable OR. There were no differences in minimum Ct values by vaccination status among the 356 Delta cases or 70 Omicron cases. COVID-19 pneumonia was less common among Omicron cases than Delta cases. Full primary vaccination reduced pneumonia effectively for 6 months; boosting six months after primary vaccination resulted in further reduction. We recommend accelerating the pace of booster dose administration.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short endogenous noncoding RNAs regulating protein translation. However, the specific mechanism by which miR-181b influences sepsis via high-mobility group box-1 protein (HMGB1) still remains unknown. Thus, the aim of this study is to investigate the mechanism of miR-181b in regulating inflammatory response in sepsis-induced myocardial injury through targeting high-mobility group box-1 protein (HMGB1). Through cecal ligation and puncture (CLP), the rat model of sepsis was established. Then, the effect of altered expression of miR-181b and HMGB1 on cardiomyocytes was investigated. The positive expression rate of HMGB1, concentration of inflammatory factors, and serum myocardial enzyme of myocardial tissues were determined. Besides, the binding site between miR-181b and HMGB1 was determined by bioinformatics information and dual-luciferase reporter gene assay. The expression of related genes in cells of each group was determined by RT-qPCR and western blot analysis, and the apoptosis rate of transfected cells in each group was determined by TUNEL assay. HMGB1 expression and inflammatory factors were significantly increased in myocardial tissue of rats with sepsis. Cell morphology and the infiltration of inflammatory cells were significantly improved by overexpression of miR-181b. miR-181b directly targeted HMGB1, and downregulation of HMGB1 reduced inflammatory factors and myocardial injury and inhibited cardiomyocyte apoptosis in sepsis. This present study suggests that miR-181b decreased inflammatory factors and reduced myocardial injury in sepsis through downregulation of HMGB1. Thus, a better understanding of this process may aid in the development of novel therapeutic agents in sepsis.

Cereal endosperm comprises an outer aleurone and an inner starchy endosperm. Although these two tissues have the same developmental origin, they differ in morphology, cell fate, and storage product accumulation, with the mechanism largely unknown. Here, we report the identification and characterization of rice thick aleurone 1 (ta1) mutant that shows an increased number of aleurone cell layers and increased contents of nutritional factors including proteins, lipids, vitamins, dietary fibers, and micronutrients. We identified that the TA1 gene, which is expressed in embryo, aleurone, and subaleurone in caryopses, encodes a mitochondrion-targeted protein with single-stranded DNA-binding activity named OsmtSSB1. Cytological analyses revealed that the increased aleurone cell layers in ta1 originate from a developmental switch of subaleurone toward aleurone instead of starchy endosperm in the wild type. We found that TA1/OsmtSSB1 interacts with mitochondrial DNA recombinase RECA3 and DNA helicase TWINKLE, and downregulation of RECA3 or TWINKLE also leads to ta1-like phenotypes. We further showed that mutation in TA1/OsmtSSB1 causes elevated illegitimate recombinations in the mitochondrial genome, altered mitochondrial morphology, and compromised energy supply, suggesting that the OsmtSSB1-mediated mitochondrial function plays a critical role in subaleurone cell-fate determination in rice.

The solar X-ray and Extreme Ultraviolet Imager (X-EUVI), developed by the Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CIOMP), is the first space-based solar X-ray and Extreme ultraviolet (EUV) imager of China loaded on the Fengyun-3E (FY-3E) satellite supported by the China Meteorological Administration (CMA) for solar observation. Since started work on July 11, 2021, X-EUVI has obtained many solar images. The instrument employs an innovative dual-band design to monitor a much larger temperature range on the Sun, which covers 0.6–8.0 nm in the X-ray region with six channels and 19.5 nm in the EUV region. X-EUVI has a field of view of 42′, an angular resolution of 2.5″ per pixel in the EUV band and an angular resolution of 4.1″ per pixel in the X-ray band. The instrument also includes an X-ray and EUV irradiance sensor (X-EUVS) with the same bands as its imaging optics, which measures the solar irradiance and regularly calibrates the solar images. The radiometric calibration of X-EUVS on the ground has been completed, with a calibration accuracy of 12%. X-EUVI is loaded on the FY-3E satellite and rotates relative to the Sun at a uniform rate. Flat-field calibration is conducted by utilizing successive rotation solar images. The agreement between preliminarily processed X-EUVI images and SDO/AIA and Hinode/XRT images indicates that X-EUVI and the data processing algorithm operate properly and that the data from X-EUVI can be applied to the space weather forecast system of CMA and scientific investigations on solar activity.

We present a catalog of 948,216 stars with mass label and a catalog of 163,105 red clump (RC) stars with mass and age labels simultaneously. The training dataset is cross matched from the LAMOST (The Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope) DR5 and high resolution asteroseismology data, mass and age are predicted by random forest method or convex hull algorithm. The stellar parameters with high correlation with mass and age are extracted and the test dataset shows that the median relative error of the prediction model for the mass of large sample is 3\% and meanwhile, the mass and age of red clump stars are 4\% and 7\%. We also compare the predicted age of red clump stars with the recent works and find that the final uncertainty of the RC sample could reach 18\% for age and 9\% for mass, in the meantime, final precision of the mass for large sample with different type of stars could reach 13\% without considering systematics, all these are implying that this method could be widely used in the future. Moreover, we explore the performance of different machine learning methods for our sample, including bayesian linear regression (BYS), gradient boosting decision Tree (GBDT), multilayer perceptron (MLP), multiple linear regression (MLR), random forest (RF) and support vector regression (SVR). Finally we find that the performance of nonlinear model is generally better than that of linear model, and the GBDT and RF methods are relatively better., 19 pages, 23 figures, Accepted for publication in the ApJS