104 results on '"Harris, MP"'
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2. A new biologging approach reveals unique flightless molt strategies of Atlantic puffins
- Author
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Darby, JH, Harris, MP, Wanless, S, Quinn, JL, Bråthen, VS, Fayet, AL, Clairbaux, M, Hart, T, Guilford, T, Freeman, R, and Jessopp, MJ
- Subjects
Fratercula ,Ecology ,puffin ,Zoology and botany: 480 [VDP] ,wet–dry sensor ,Ecology and Environment ,flightless molt ,life-history strategies ,auks ,seabird ecology ,Geolocator tracking ,Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480 [VDP] ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,Nature and Landscape Conservation - Abstract
Animal- borne telemetry devices provide essential insights into the life- history strate -gies of far- ranging species and allow us to understand how they interact with their environment. Many species in the seabird family Alcidae undergo a synchronous molt of all primary flight feathers during the non- breeding season, making them flightless and more susceptible to environmental stressors, including severe storms and prey shortages. However, the timing and location of molt remain largely unknown, with most information coming from studies on birds killed by storms or shot by hunters for food. Using light- level geolocators with saltwater immersion loggers, we develop a method for determining flightless periods in the context of the annual cycle. Four Atlantic puffins (Fratercula arctica) were equipped with geolocator/immersion loggers on each leg to attempt to overcome issues of leg tucking in plumage while sitting on the water, which confounds the interpretation of logger data. Light- level and saltwa -ter immersion time- series data were combined to correct for this issue. This approach was adapted and applied to 40 puffins equipped with the standard practice deploy -ments of geolocators on one leg only. Flightless periods consistent with molt were identified in the dual- equipped birds, whereas molt identification in single- equippedbirds was less effective and definitive and should be treated with caution. Within the dual- equipped sample, we present evidence for two flightless molt periods per non- breeding season in two puffins that undertook more extensive migrations (>2000 km) and were flightless for up to 77 days in a single non- breeding season. A biannual flight feather molt is highly unusual among non- passerine birds and may be unique to birds that undergo catastrophic molt, i.e., become flightless when molting. Although our conclusions are based on a small sample, we have established a freely available meth -odological framework for future investigation of the molt patterns of this and other seabird species.auks, flightless molt, Fratercula, Geolocator tracking, life-history strategies, puffin, seabird ecology, wet–dry sensor
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- 2022
3. Interspecific variation in non-breeding aggregation: a multi-colony tracking study of two sympatric seabirds
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Buckingham, L, primary, Bogdanova, MI, additional, Green, JA, additional, Dunn, RE, additional, Wanless, S, additional, Bennett, S, additional, Bevan, RM, additional, Call, A, additional, Canham, M, additional, Corse, CJ, additional, Harris, MP, additional, Heward, CJ, additional, Jardine, DC, additional, Lennon, J, additional, Parnaby, D, additional, Redfern, CPF, additional, Scott, L, additional, Swann, RL, additional, Ward, RM, additional, Weston, ED, additional, Furness, RW, additional, and Daunt, F, additional
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- 2022
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4. Inter-population synchrony in adult survival and effects of climate and extreme weather in non-breeding areas of Atlantic puffins
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Reiertsen, TK, primary, Layton-Matthews, K, additional, Erikstad, KE, additional, Hodges, K, additional, Ballesteros, M, additional, Anker-Nilssen, T, additional, Barrett, RT, additional, Benjaminsen, S, additional, Bogdanova, M, additional, Christensen-Dalsgaard, S, additional, Daunt, F, additional, Dehnhard, N, additional, Harris, MP, additional, Langset, M, additional, Lorentsen, SH, additional, Newell, M, additional, Bråthen, VS, additional, Støyle-Bringsvor, I, additional, Systad, GH, additional, and Wanless, S, additional
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- 2021
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- View/download PDF
5. Six pelagic seabird species of the North Atlantic engage in a fly-and-forage strategy during their migratory movements
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Amélineau, F, primary, Merkel, B, additional, Tarroux, A, additional, Descamps, S, additional, Anker-Nilssen, T, additional, Bjørnstad, O, additional, Bråthen, VS, additional, Chastel, O, additional, Christensen-Dalsgaard, S, additional, Danielsen, J, additional, Daunt, F, additional, Dehnhard, N, additional, Ekker, M, additional, Erikstad, KE, additional, Ezhov, A, additional, Fauchald, P, additional, Gavrilo, M, additional, Hallgrimsson, GT, additional, Hansen, ES, additional, Harris, MP, additional, Helberg, M, additional, Helgason, HH, additional, Johansen, MK, additional, Jónsson, JE, additional, Kolbeinsson, Y, additional, Krasnov, Y, additional, Langset, M, additional, Lorentsen, SH, additional, Lorentzen, E, additional, Melnikov, MV, additional, Moe, B, additional, Newell, MA, additional, Olsen, B, additional, Reiertsen, T, additional, Systad, GH, additional, Thompson, P, additional, Thórarinsson, TL, additional, Tolmacheva, E, additional, Wanless, S, additional, Wojczulanis-Jakubas, K, additional, Åström, J, additional, and Strøm, H, additional
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- 2021
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6. Strong migratory connectivity across meta-populations of sympatric North Atlantic seabirds
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Merkel, B, primary, Descamps, S, additional, Yoccoz, NG, additional, Grémillet, D, additional, Fauchald, P, additional, Danielsen, J, additional, Daunt, F, additional, Erikstad, KE, additional, Ezhov, AV, additional, Harris, MP, additional, Gavrilo, M, additional, Lorentsen, SH, additional, Reiertsen, TK, additional, Systad, GH, additional, Lindberg Thórarinsson, T, additional, Wanless, S, additional, and Strøm, H, additional
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- 2021
- Full Text
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7. Evaluation of appendicitis risk prediction models in adults with suspected appendicitis
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Nepogodiev, D., Matthews, J. H., Morley, G. L., Naumann, D. N., Ball, A., Chauhan, P., Bhanderi, S., Mohamed, I., Glasbey, J. C., Wilkin, R. J. W., Drake, T. M., Clements, J., Blencowe, N. S., Herrod, P. J. J., Pata, F., Frasson, M., Blanco-Colino, R., Soares, A. S., Nepogodiev D, Bhangu A., Matthews, Jh, Morley, Gl, Naumann, Dn, Ball, A, Chauhan, P, Bhanderi, S, Mohamed, I, Glasbey, Jc, Wilkin, R, Drake, Tm, Clements, J, Blencowe, Ns, Herrod, P, Pata, F, Frasson, M, Blanco-Colino, R, Soares, As, Bhangu, A, Nepogodiev, D, Jain, S, Amuthalingam, T, Tyler, R, Griffiths, Ea, Pinkney, Td, Gee, O, Morton, Dg, Beggs, A, Beral, D, Bowley, D, Cruickshank, N, Daniels, I, Griffiths, E, Hornby, St, Lund, Jn, Marriott, P, Singh, P, Smart, Nj, Speake, D, Thompson, C, Torkington, J, Torrance, A, Vohra, R, Warren, O, Winter, Dc, Pellino, G, Sgrò, A, Simioni, A, Farina, V, Podda, M, Di Saverio, S, Birindelli, A, Pasquali, S, Itsurg, Surg, Pt, Bolton, W, Bradshaw, Cj, Chean, Cs, Harris, G, Haddow, Jb, Jamieson, Nb, Mccain, S, Mason, J, Milgrom, D, Nana, Gr, Mohamed, Mn, Brien, Jo, Pearce, J, Rabie, M, Sahnan, K, Sarmah, P, Skerritt, C, Ghazanfar, Ma, Sreedharan, L, Kabwama, S, Gray, Rt, Kamande, Iw, Nazarian, S, Dar, Fa, Misky, At, Arunachalam, S, Twum-Barima, Cs, Mohamed, Im, Connor, Kl, Coe, Po, Kosti, A, Elshaer, M, Colvin, Da, Charalambous, Mp, Yeung, K, Merker, L, Morrison, T, Thaventhiran, Aj, Gilbert, Tm, Clements, Jm, Hicks, G, Afshar, S, Mckinley, Nc, Assaf, N, Hanna, T, Macinnes, E, Thavanesan, N, Dubois, As, Palani-Velu, Lk, Tezas, S, Yow, L, Radwan, Rw, Abdelrahman, M, Lee, Ka, Zarka, Za, Mcdowall, Na, Tan, Cy, Venn, Ml, Ashmore, Dl, Whitehorn, Se, Golder, Am, Reddy, A, Delimpalta, C, Kay, Oh, Shah, Sm, Eiben, I, Doyle, C, Tudyka, V, Issa, E, West, H, Brewer, Hk, Farrow, Ez, Taylor, Ns, Smart, Cj, Griffiths, Np, Halkias, C, Vitish-Sharma, P, Knight, Sr, Mowbray, Ng, Olivier, Jb, Lee, Kj, Clement, Kd, Chrastek, D, Panda, N, Connor, Mj, Fahmy, Se, Bryan, Es, Ngu, Ws, Adegbola, So, Vaughan, Em, Stupalkowska, W, Simmonds, L, Malik, A, Hussein, A, Karim, Mj, Singhal, T, Ormiston, R, Kung, V, Rabie, Ma, Park, Jh, Lal, N, Worku, D, D'Auria, M, Ang, A, Orizu, M, Gammeri, E, Clough, E, Choy, Ch, Lawday, S, Hann, Aj, Robinson, D, Wardle, Bg, Mcdonnell, D, Rutherford, Dg, Hickey, Lm, Garg, Ag, Rezvani, S, Bell, Cr, Mahmood, F, Rehman, S, Donaldson, G, Peleki, A, Pearce, L, Sharp, Ol, Singh, S, Thompson, Db, El-Tayar, O, Hollyman, M, Rupasinghe, Sn, Toomey, Db, Murray, Mp, Amtul, N, Mersh, Rj, Newton, Rc, Al-Khyatt, W, Stephens, Gf, Abbas, Sh, Iqbal, Mr, Brown, Ce, Renshaw, S, Hureibi, Ka, Pullabatla-Venkata, Up, Donohoe, No, Myatt, A, Egan, Rj, Rangarajan, K, Trail, M, Mckay, Sc, Engall, N, Jerome, E, Townsend, Dc, Patel, By, Pronin, S, Chandratreya, N, Choong, Jh, Mohamed, Tm, Hudson-Peacock, Nj, Manson, R, Hebbar, K, Mothe, Bs, Weegenaar, Cr, Saad, M, Bowman, Cr, Serventi, F, Fleres, F, Foppa, C, Pata, G, Baronio, G, Pertile, D, Lucchi, A, Sagnotta, A, Maretto, I, Campagnaro, T, Gatti, M, Gjoni, E, Roscio, F, Inama, M, Coccolini, F, Colombo, F, Avanzolini, A, Aresu, S, De-Manzoni-Garberini, A, Merlini, Da, Chessa, A, Tamini, N, Mulas, S, Cillara, N, Coletta, D, Atzeni, J, Erdas, E, Gallo, G, Francone, E, Di Gioia, P, Bianchi, Cl, Ferrara, F, Biancafarina, A, Scabini, S, Marano, L, Miegge, A, Sasia, D, Savino, G, Scatizzi, M, D'Amico, Fe, Arcuri, Ga, Gavagna, L, Salamone, G, Tatulli, F, Goldin, E, Matos, Ml, Caldeira, Ab, Romano, J, Pereira, J, Azevedo, J, Azevedo, Jm, Simoes, J, Silva, A, O'Leary, Dp, Kennedy, Nd, Quinn, Em, Zhang, Ay, Neary, Pm, De-Marchi, Ja, O'Connor, Br, Wijesundera, K, Foley, Nm, Wong, J, Tiedt, La, Bolger, Jc, Connelly, Tm, Ahmed, Os, Vigorita, V, García, V, Arredondo, J, Redondo, E, Sainz, B, Aldrey, I, Landaluce-Olavarria, A, Gómez, Aa, Cordoba, E, Sánchez-Fuentes, Mn, Cerdán-Santacruz, C, Beltran-De-Heredia, J, García, M, Veres, T, García-Novoa, A, Abellán, Am, García-Catalá, L, Ruiz-Marín, M, Menendez, P, Roldán-Ortiz, S, Navas-Cuéllar, Ja, Sabia, D, Gomez-Rosado, Jc, Navidad, Ms, Caula, C, Sanchez, Er, Espin-Basany, E, Fernández-Martínez, D, Bravo-Gutiérrez, Af, Payá-Llorente, C, Dujovne, P, Lima, F, Soria-Aledo, V, Gomez, Cj, Pascual-Miguelañez, I, Muinelo, M, Alvarez, Cm, Vargas-Pierola, Hj, Vallve-Bernal, M, Hidalgo-Rosas, Jm, Arenal-Vera, Jj, Sena-Ruiz, F, Sanchez-Guillen, L, Villarejo-Campos, P, Tallon-Aguilar, L, Garcea, A, Bennett, Jm, Whittaker, L, Gidwani, Al, Byrnes, Ck, Saunders, S, Shiwani, Mh, Ashraf, N, Venkatasubramaniam, Ak, Bevan, Ke, Mcarthur, D, Mustafa, Ak, Griffith, Jp, Blazeby, Jm, Charalabopoulos, A, Campbell, W, Reese, G, Warren, Oj, Peacock, M, Menzies, D, Jenner, D, Eardley, Nj, Yoong, S, Abulafi, M, Avalapati, H, Thompson, R, Nastro, P, Kochupapy, R, Stubbs, Bm, Mcintyre, R, Crozier, J, Patel, Pk, Pento, V, Beasley, Wd, Roxburgh, C, Youssef, H, Alexander, R, Denley, S, Di Franco, F, Quddus, A, Saha, A, Hunter, I, Hannay, J, Velchuru, Vr, Bond-Smith, G, Salama, Y, Bhargava, A, Panagiotopoulos, Sp, Watson, N, Garcea, G, Boddy, Ap, Dunning, Pg, Lloyd, G, Gurjar, Sv, Hill, J, Andrews, B, Singh, A, Ruzvidzo, F, Shingler, G, Mahon, D, Elgaddal, S, Payne, Cj, Shaikh, Ia, Dalmia, S, Nair, Ms, Finch, Jg, Chapple, Ks, Bawa, S, Watfah, J, Carden, Ca, Makhija, R, Rao, M, Sarveswaran, J, Vijay, V, Rekhraj, S, Knight, B, Siddiqui, Mn, Sebastian, Jf, Glen, P, Vakis, S, Ebied, H, Rajaram, R, Gray, J, Mcgrath, D, Faulkner, G, Gopalswamy, S, Varcada, M, Woodward, A, Williams, Gl, Szentpali, K, Ravindran, R, Bronder, C, Thaha, Ma, Rate, A, Shetty, Vd, Rao, V, Sajid, Ms, Clements, B, Patel, Rt, Mason, C, Branagan, G, Maude, K, Kaur, G, Lyons, A, Ainsworth, P, Hagger, R, Zadi, Az, Maslekar, Su, Kinross, J, Irukulla, S, Hawkins, W, Wheatstone, S, Magro, T, Bailey, S, Marshall, G, Mccullough, J, Marangoni, G, Leung, El, Borg, Cm, Gopinath, S, Kirkby-Bott, J, Yalamarthi, S, Mirza, S, Brett, M, Ramcharan, S, Pandey, V, Thava, B, Andreani, Sm, Sahay, Sj, Aravind, B, Downey, M, Nicol, D, Whitehouse, P, Sharma, A, Francis, N, Chitsabesan, P, Stewart, Dj, Norcia, Gg, Cucinotta, E, Cianchi, F, Romario, Uf, Taglietti, L, Capelli, P, Garulli, G, Parisi, A, Nitti, D, Guglielmi, A, Alonzo, A, Scandroglio, Is, Moretto, G, Ansaloni, L, Pietrabissa, A, Foschi, D, Vettoretto, N, Ercolani, G, Coppola, M, Colangelo, E, Morandi, E, Niolu, P, Pala, M, Coletti, M, Pisanu, A, Nicolosi, A, Sammarco, G, Berti, S, Soliani, P, Tonini, V, Stella, M, Ceccarelli, G, De Nisco, C, Castagnoli, G, De Nardi, P, Borghi, F, Agresta, F, Benevento, A, Cantafio, S, Cesari, Mc, Rubbini, M, Chetta, G, De Marchi, F, Nora, Mf, Sousa, Hs, Nascimento, Ca, Casimiro, C, Costa, Sd, Rosa, Mj, Carvalho, N, Correia, J, Gomes, Ap, Hill, Ad, Walsh, Tn, Aremu, Ma, Mulsow, J, El-Masry, S, Gillick, J, Garvin, J, Caldwell, M, Mehigan, B, Peirce, Cb, Cooke, F, Mealy, K, Ruano, A, Ais, G, Fueyo, J, Parajó, Ae, Bernal-Sprekelsen, Jc, Monzón-Abad, Ja, Blanco, F, Arroyo, A, Bazán-Hinojo, Mc, Ramos-Bernado, Mi, Lopez-Ruiz, Ja, Golda, T, Julià, D, Cuadrado, Mm, Gómez-Abril, Sa, Martinez, J, Aguayo, Jl, Millan, M, Alvarez-Gallego, M, Muinelo-Lorenzo, M, Parra, Jm, Muñoz-Muñoz, E, De Chaves-Rodríguez PG, Cánovas-Moreno, G, Rodriguez-Lopez, M, Segura-Sampedro, Jj, García-Granero, A, Redondo-Calvo, Fj, Dyson, S, Thakur, D, Swords, C, Siaw, O, Zelazek, M, Woo, R, Badran, A, Aruparayil, N, Christopoulos, P, Chambers, B, O'Neill, N, Long, Rh, Mccaughey, P, Wong, Ml, Mccain, Rs, Lennox-Warburton, Hc, Moore, C, Manektella, Km, Mcilwaine, S, Rupani, S, Simpson, Dj, Wauchope, J, Ng, M, Christian, L, Crone, A, Sacks, R, Symons, N, Lazzaro, A, Patil, Sd, Roomi, S, Silva, I, Hodgson, Jm, Ly, C, Froud, H, Patel, H, Cay, P, Karwal, Rs, Danquah-Boateng, D, Berry, B, Esmail, Hd, Maripi, H, Bilku, D, Mckelvie, Ma, Miller, K, Maina, A, Velho, R, Hasan, R, Clingan, R, Jah, S, Waite, K, Jones, A, Buckley-Jones, S, Lecky-Thompson, L, Saghir, N, Mansoor, S, Mistry, D, Brown, R, Wong, A, Gurung, S, Wensley, F, Fleming, Ta, Griggs, R, Haines, S, Bedoya, S, Beverstock, A, Johnson, J, Govind, G, Niaz, O, Dyal, A, Tokidis, E, Punj, S, Leusink, A, Rudland, I, Kelly, M, Morgan, R, Al-Musawi, S, Lek, C, Gilbert, A, Gosal, A, Mahoney, R, Parwaiz, I, Mitchard, Mj, Ribeiro, B, Merai, H, Dean, Ea, Khan, S, Baginski, A, Mann, C, Foers, W, Jones, L, Woodward, B, Mcwhirter, Dm, Thomas, At, Gilbert, Tg, Weatherburn, Lw, Pilkington, Jp, Cameron, Fc, Clements, Jd, Mccann, C, Davidson, S, Hackney, L, Clements, Js, Martin, A, Du, Dt, Shakoor, Z, Yen, Sk, Adnan, M, Ranathunga, S, Sana, S, Tay, Yh, Chin, My, Gillespie, M, Brown, Ag, Campbell, U, Chatzikonstantinou, M, Mahendran, B, Flack, T, Chowdhary, M, Lim, Jm, Whiteman, E, Shepherd, Ja, Pedder, A, Siggens, Kl, Lai, Cw, Morrison-Jones, V, Hayat, Z, Nehikhare, I, Macleod, C, Quinn, Hc, Brown, A, Neagle, G, Chok, Sm, Carrano, Fm, Abbassi, Oa, Divekar, Ga, Halmer, S, Adams, Re, Davies, Pl, Wong, Sy, Amarasinghe, R, Tague, Le, Jones, E, Singh, J, Boza, K, Kelly, Sd, Morrison, F, Chan, Wh, Wilson, Ej, Awokoya, Oo, Griffiths, Sn, Kirkham, En, Cotton, Ae, Adimonye, A, Leighton, Pa, Abdelrahman, A, Cartwright, H, Gates, Z, Miguras, M, Khan, K, Louw, C, Grove, T, Badenoch, T, Mckeon, J, Wood, Cs, Leitch, Rp, Sgardelis, P, Perera, Mi, Nagarajan, D, Malam, Y, Theodoropoulou, K, Rajagopal, S, Kaptanis, S, Popova, D, Olagbaiye, O, Tayeh, S, Rigby, S, Harris, Mp, Ren, Kz, Liaw, G, Zhou, S, White, F, Marshall, Cm, Mitchell, Jh, Anderson, Dj, Kanakala, V, Hollingsworth, A, Paramasevon, Kr, Milward, J, Ahmed, S, Fanibi, Bf, Ferguson, N, Dickson, Ea, Shaw, Av, Dixon, F, Morrish, S, Dandy, R, Fooks, P, Sharma, P, Islam, N, Tabain, V, Keegan, R, Ahel, J, Alhammali, T, Graveston, J, Balai, Ej, Rothnie, K, Pankin, Gp, Eiben, Ie, Jackson, Nj, Dhar, M, Nash, D, Dharamavaram, S, Seth, M, Chowdhury, F, Rezacova, M, Seneviratne, N, Turner, Ej, Currow, C, Isherwood, Jd, Hobson, Bm, Lui, Dh, Rodger, V, Ting, N, Photiou, D, Taze, D, Lodhia, S, Earnshaw, L, Kumar, K, Neale, A, Bastianpillai, J, Cipparrone, M, Barrie, A, Nash, Z, Anandan, L, Tailor, K, Vinnicombe, Z, Krivan, S, Kuo, R, Giorga, A, Habib, H, Malik, K, Bogdan, M, Mahon-Daly, Fp, Athersmith, Mj, Strange, Ja, Wheeler, C, Summerfield, L, Khaw, Ra, Ashour, O, Iosif, E, Fadel, M, Gopalakrishnan, K, Orme, N, Williams, S, Rashid, M, Sultana, A, Patel, N, Pearson, R, Yasin, T, Bevan, V, Al-Sarireh, B, Brown, M, Mohd, N, Howie, Ee, Poudevigne, M, Paget, C, Rallage, H, Chui, K, Fawzi, F, Layman, S, Okorocha, E, Jama, Gm, Orawiec, P, Kouli, O, Hassane, A, Kilkenny, J, Devine, Aa, Laurenson, M, Slezak, I, Barker, T, Lau, E, Limbada, M, O'Brien, J, Weaver, J, Hajibandeh, S, Shah, J, Mansour, Mm, Malik, Sn, Davis, S, Trew, F, Bandyopadhyay, Sk, Dart, K, Guru-Naidu, S, Callan, R, Nair, Mk, Alani, M, Sezen, E, Salim, S, Shurlock, J, Siddique, K, Forouzanfar, A, Brews, R, Acharya, A, Jain, A, Tozer, Pj, Warusavitarne, J, Emslie, Km, Collier-Wakefield, O, Sivaloganathan, P, Dobson, C, Elseedawy, M, Mcnally, L, Williams, M, Motiwala, Fh, Choi, S, Asmadi, Aa, Burnside, D, Everden, A, Suriyakumar, S, Sandu, L, Kent, Da, Bowen, J, Long, P, Khair, A, Shah, K, Phelan, L, Pierre, R, Dhari, Aa, Hoff, M, Nickson, S, Setshwaelo, T, Chalk, A, Parkola, Mj, Harlinska, A, Chan, T, Dudek, Jg, Rolph, R, Allen, M, Pollard, H, Gormely, R, Finlayson, H, Ljungqvist, G, Peponis, C, Rahman, M, Dhesi, S, Arshad, F, Faris, Ar, Sooriyamoorthy, T, Springate, El, Barnieh, W, Patel, As, Siddiqui, Za, Chishti, Ia, Ayube-Brown, J, Rabie, Mr, Blake, L, Yardimci, E, Nagendram, S, Neophytou, Gi, Henderson, L, Farhan-Alanie, M, Kong, Cy, Ghazala, R, Evans, J, Hussain, N, Kabir, M, Hraishawi, I, Cox, M, Bailey, Ja, Muhibullah, N, Yanni, F, Stevenson, R, Nair, A, Murphy, C, Mcgucken, O, Pandya, R, Bowerman, H, Lafaurie, G, Van Boxel GI, Shanmugarajah, K, Maragouthakis, D, Hanif, Z, Evans, Jd, Yoganathan, S, Richardson, Td, Cook, V, Clark, Gl, Rigney, B, O'Neill, E, Guliani, J, Chan, D, Harper, F, Sian, T, Boereboom, C, Blackwell, J, Hardy, E, Boyd-Carson, H, Couch, Dg, Barter, Ca, Thoukididou, Sn, Hatt, Jr, Jones, Cs, Dean, S, Rajaretnam, N, Masood, M, Thakral, N, Griffith, D, Doherty, C, Longshaw, A, Peprah, D, Mathew, G, Hook, A, Vance-Daniel, J, Ibrahim, Y, Walters, Kj, Whewell, He, Sherif, Ma, Mckenna, M, O'Sullivan, D, Woodrow, C, Gill, S, Johnstone, A, Gentry, R, Irwin, R, Forgie, A, Welsh, S, Ivey, P, Bullivant, Jk, English, Wj, Osterberg, A, Morowala, A, Al-Faham, Z, Islam, S, Tan, E, Sadek, S, Sihra, N, Shrestha, D, Chong, B, Nadeem, A, Fasuyi, Ja, Patel, Mm, Daureeawoo, R, Okekunle, B, Cheruvu, M, Mazumdar, E, Hussain, A, Patel, C, Mcquaid, M, Banks, A, Robinson, A, Khan, Ms, Riaz, W, Verroiotou, M, Cohen, Ja, Kouroumpas, E, Ghaffari, I, Moradzadeh, J, Kamal, M, Gulamhussein, M, Gaines, E, Ghatorae, S, Clark, S, Savill, A, Hutchinson, B, Chapman, J, Wu, F, Creasy, W, Raymond, M, Grosvenor, S, Odeh, A, Malik, Y, Bansal, H, Grant, C, Raofi, A, Ahmed, B, Mai, D, Souter, J, Hamelmann, Rn, Ikram, S, Durbacz, M, Gilliland, N, Salem, A, Chudek, D, Ladwa, N, Storey, R, Fontaine, C, Toomey, D, Miller, B, Oakey, M, Smoker, H, Chapman, Sj, O'Hagan, Sc, Tahir, W, Wilcox, G, Ahmad, A, Akram, F, Baddams, Ts, Boshier, Pr, Fehervari, M, Easdon, S, Ilozue, T, 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D'Ambra L., Feleppa C., Gennai A., Lizzi V., Moggia E., Imperatore M., Bolzon S., Belvedere A., Amaducci E., Ripoli M.C., Segalini E., Cervellera M., Vaccari S., Eretta C.O., O'Neill R., Llewelyn O., Jones N., Clerici F., Ballabio M., Andolfi E., Angelini M., Fontani A., Miranda E., Scricciolo M., Provenza G., Pellicano G.A., Pulighe F., Argenio G., Melis A., Balestra F., Anania M., Cruccu A., Massaiu C., Murru M.L., Martino A., Luzzi A.P., La Valle G., Chillitupa C.Z., Bartoli A., Conti D., Spaziani A., Bellochi R., Listorti C., Salandini M.C., Carlucci M., Tenconi S.M., Cannavo M., Marano A., Giuffrida M.C., Cannata G., Pellegrino L., Giraudo G., Baraghini M., Garzi A., Giudicissi R., Zalla T., Romoli L., Vannucchi A., Giani I., Feroci F., Calussi M., Ribaudo M., Fiorot A., Stecca T., Nistri C., Fornasier C., Valiani S.V., Brunelli D.B., Evoli L.E., Giuliani N.G., Contine A.C., Renzi C.R., Feo C.V., Anania G., Carcoforo P., Aisoni F., Licari L., Tutino R., Cocorullo G., Silvestri V., De Marco P., Fontana T., Orlando G., Falco N., Baseggio M., Napetti S., Mella A., Rossi G.M., Chimetto A., Cosci M., Bonomo M., Scialandrone G., Chetta N., Carvalho L.C., Magalhaes J.S., Pereira A.M., Fernandes C., Fareleira A., Goncalves D., Pais M., Pereira A., Resende F.M., Correia D., Cardoso D., Tojal A., Santos S.C., Barbosa L., Louro H.C., Bairos F., Martins F.M., Messias F.M., Ferreira M.S., Borges F.C., Botelho P., Lima M., Valente P.M., Joao A.A., Guimaraes J.M., Rocha R., Nogueira S.T., Kabir U., Wong C., Rahmani L.S., Tan S., Chng S., Jasinski B., Cheng S.A., Mardhiah S., McGlynn K., Hannan E., Burke J., Haveliwala Z., O'Neill M., Boland M., Hayes C., Fox A., Zaborowski A., Mitru R.M., Mc-Dermott A., Coyle D., Stoica I., McMahon S.V., Laughlin D.M., Kannegieser-Bailey M., Murphy R., Muntean A., Shet S., Thomas L., De Freitas S., Quill S., Aljorfi A., Soh B., Law J.J., Hartnett J., Jansen T., Gilgan J., Jung J., Scanlon K., Szucs A., Ahern D.P., Redmond A.E., Edwards S.E., Manoharan P., Brennan S., Abdelgadir A.M., Mckevitt K.L., Zarog M.A., Ahmed G., Bukhari W., Ahad A., Paniagua M., Samartin C., Primo J.C., Garrido L., Lopez M., Rufo E., Trostchansky I., Rodriguez L., Infante H., Acosta A., Cremades P., Cidoncha A., Olmos V., Oliva I., Santamaria C., Cavero A., Calvo H., Suero C.A., Maderuelo V.M., Galvez P., Hernando A., Eguaras I., Recreo A.C., Garcia-Carrero M., Moreda R., De Andres U., Del Pozo E., Calvo M., Moratalla C.N., Ronda R.N., Contreras R.G., De Burgos C.B., Cortes G.V., Martinez C.C., Agudo A.R., Soriano J.T., Ramos X.H., Echazarreta E., Elia M., Hernaez A., Sanchez L., Vallejo-Bernad C., Oliver J.R., Sanchez-Rubio M., Kalviainen H.K., Genzor S., Gonzalez-Nicolas T., Puerta E., Laviano E., Gimenez T., Ferminan A., Muriel-Alvarez P., Sierra-Granon J.E., Escoll-Rufino J., Cuello-Guzman E., Mestres-Petit N., Merichal-Resina M., Pinillos-Somalo A., Gomez-Carmona Z., Vazquez-Fernandez A.P., Trujillo-Diaz J.J., Couso J.R., Fernandez M.D., Riera E., Espinosa J., Carral-Freire M., Martinez-Almeida R., Santarrufina-Martinez S., Sebastian-Tomas J.C., Gonzalvez-Guardiola P., Fernandez E.C., Mozo A.S., Stoyanov T.I., Santamaria P.C., Grimaldo E.G., Fernandez-Candela A., Curtis-Martinez C., Del-Valle-Ruiz S.R., Sanchez-Cifuentes A., Ramirez-Faraco M., Lopez A.F., Leon C., Kumar S., Fornell-Ariza M., Ayllon-Gamez S., Pena-Barturen C., Ojea-Ruiz-Yherla L., Saavedra-Chacon M., Perez-Calvo J., Gomez-Facundo H., Riba-Combatti L., Manas O.C., De-Soto-Cardenal B., De-La-Herranz-Guerrero P., Dominguez-Sanchez C., Gamero-Huaman J.C., Suarez-Cabrera A., Ramirez-Redondo A.A., Lara-Fernandez Y., Bascuas-Rodrigo B., Lopez-Duran B.L., Pigem A., Gil J., Salvador H., Planellas P., Farres R., Caballero A., Arnau M., Tapiolas I., Ridaura N., Roncero L.S., Collado-Roura F., Fijo L.M., Cormenzana O.B., Vinas N.L., Grifell M.S., Prats M.A., Torrado A.A., Sanz-Navarro S., Contreras-Saiz E., Solar-Garcia L., Moreno-Gijon M., Suarez-Sanchez A., Diaz-Vico T., Rodicio-Miravalles J.L., Garcia-Gutierrez C., Pila U., Melone S., Martin-Prieto L., Rojo J.A., Gonzalez M., Zorrilla L., Garcia-Marin J.A., Baeza-Murcia M., Pellicer-Franco E., Jimenez-Ballester M.A., Asensio-Gomez L., Gortazar-De-Las-Casas S., Guevara-Martinez J., Ramirez L., Verea S., Anguita F., Navarro G., Criado ADC., Lara M.C., Martinez E.T., Sanchez-Martinez A., Hernandez-Gimenez L., Galofre-Recasens M., Ferrer-Vilela I., Perez-Sanchez L.E., Esteves M.B., Menendez-Moreno A., Baz-Figueroa C., Rosat A., Hontoria M.S., Garcia N.A., Gracia-Roman R., Pascua-Sole M., Pino-Perez O., Garcia-Perez J.M., Pineno-Flores C., Ambrona-Zafra D., Sancho-Muriel J., Alvarez E., Jimenez-Rosellon R., Daga O., Alberca-Paramo A., Sanchez-Garcia S., Garcia-Santos E., Pareja-Ciuro F., Olivares-Oliver C., Navarro-Morales L., Tamayo-Lopez M.J., Tinoco-Gonzalez J., Garcia-Rivera C.O., Agua I.A., Moreno-Suero F., Pereira-Mosquera E., Zerpa C., Llacer E., Diaz A., Caro A., Feliu F., Franco M., Escuder J., Abellan M., Padilla E., Mambrilla-Herrero S., Plua-Muniz K.T., Bailon-Cuadrado M., Tejero-Pintor F.J., Choolani-Bhojwani E., Vila-Zarate C., Delgado-Plasencia L.J., Ponchietti L., Cousins L., Busuttil A., Baird C., Drye N., Brown O.D., Mansour S., Anderson O., Mahapatra R., Clements J.A., D'Souza N., Littlehales D.J., Tang A.M., Byrne B.E., Cunha P., Ogbuokiri C., Eiben P., Gravante G., Kho H., Dobbs S., Doulias T., Ng J., Wilson M., Venugopal R., Wolff J., Akhtar K., Walji H.D., Tognarelli J.M., Knight K.A., Ansari A., Hussaini S.A., Wright E., Brewer H., Rinkoff S., Harries R.L., Fairfield C.J., Abbott T., Jackson A., Wright H.L., Walters U., Carney K., Logan P.C., Mughal Z., Strachan E., Chasty B., Ma J., Mazzeo C., Badii B., Armellini A., Grassia M., Perin A., Ruzzenente A., Magnoli M., Depalma N., Longheu A., Papandrea M., Dova L., De Prizio M., Gusai G.P., Di Zitti L., Geretto P., Azabdaftari A., Chianese G., Elbetti C., Ruffolo C., Giaccari S., Devezas V., Ferreira J.S., Peixoto R., Alshafei A., Simo V., Jose H.S., Ugarte-Sierra B., Salva A.B., Gomez N., Marinello F., Medina-Arana V., Vega L., Ballester M.M., Espina B., Prieto-Nieto M.I., Rodriguez E.C., Padilla-Valverde D., and Duran-Munoz-Cruzado V.M.
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Adult ,humanos ,Decision Making ,Risk Assessment ,NO ,apendicectomía ,apendicitis ,evaluación de riesgos ,Appendectomy ,Humans ,hospital ,General ,collaborative ,LS7_4 ,right iliac fossa ,appendicitis ,emergency service ,Original Articles ,adulto ,Appendicitis ,adult ,appendectomy ,humans ,risk assessment ,decision making ,Lower GI ,Original Article ,appendicitis, prediction models, right iliac fossa pain ,Emergency Service, Hospital ,toma de decisión - Abstract
Background Appendicitis is the most common general surgical emergency worldwide, but its diagnosis remains challenging. The aim of this study was to determine whether existing risk prediction models can reliably identify patients presenting to hospital in the UK with acute right iliac fossa (RIF) pain who are at low risk of appendicitis. Methods A systematic search was completed to identify all existing appendicitis risk prediction models. Models were validated using UK data from an international prospective cohort study that captured consecutive patients aged 16–45 years presenting to hospital with acute RIF in March to June 2017. The main outcome was best achievable model specificity (proportion of patients who did not have appendicitis correctly classified as low risk) whilst maintaining a failure rate below 5 per cent (proportion of patients identified as low risk who actually had appendicitis). Results Some 5345 patients across 154 UK hospitals were identified, of which two‐thirds (3613 of 5345, 67·6 per cent) were women. Women were more than twice as likely to undergo surgery with removal of a histologically normal appendix (272 of 964, 28·2 per cent) than men (120 of 993, 12·1 per cent) (relative risk 2·33, 95 per cent c.i. 1·92 to 2·84; P, Women in the UK had a disproportionate risk of admission without surgical intervention and had high rates of normal appendicectomy. Risk prediction models to support shared decision‐making were identified by identifying UK adults at low risk of appendicitis. An online calculator is available (http://appy-risk.org). WCC, white cell count; CRP, C‐reactive protein; AIRS, Appendicitis Inflammatory Response Score; AAS, Adult Appendicitis Score. Important differences between men and women
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- 2019
8. Appendicitis risk prediction models in children presenting with right iliac fossa pain (RIFT study): a prospective, multicentre validation study
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P, additional, Mccluney, SJ, additional, Mccullough, J, additional, Mcdonnell, D, additional, Mcdowall, NA, additional, McEntee, JE, additional, McGlynn, K, additional, Mcgrath, D, additional, Mcgucken, O, additional, Mcilwaine, S, additional, Mcilwrath, AC, additional, Mckay, SC, additional, McKelvie, MA, additional, Mckenna, M, additional, Mckeon, J, additional, Mckevitt, KL, additional, Mckinley, NC, additional, McLaughlin, D, additional, McMahon, SV, additional, Mcmorran, D, additional, McNally, L, additional, Mcquaid, M, additional, Mcwhirter, DM, additional, Mealy, K, additional, Mears, A, additional, Menzies, D, additional, Merai, H, additional, Mersh, RJ, additional, Miguras, M, additional, Milgrom, D, additional, Miller, K, additional, Milward, J, additional, Mirza, S, additional, Misky, AT, additional, Mistry, D, additional, Mitchard, MJ, additional, Mitru, RM, additional, Mohamed, IM, additional, Mohamed, Imran, additional, Mohamed, TM, additional, Mohamed, WO, additional, Mohd, N, additional, Moore, C, additional, Moradzadeh, J, additional, Morrison, TEM, additional, Morrison-Jones, V, additional, Morton, Dion G, additional, Mothe, BS, additional, Motiwala, Fh, additional, Motter, D, additional, Mowbray, NG, additional, Mughal, Z, additional, Mulsow, J, additional, Mundkur, N, additional, Muntean, A, additional, Murphy, C, additional, Murphy, R, additional, Murray, MP, additional, Muzaffar, M, additional, Myatt, A, additional, Nadeem, A, additional, Nagarajan, D, additional, Nagendram, S, additional, Nair, A, additional, Nair, MK, additional, Nair, MS, additional, Naismith, KN, additional, Nambiar, K, additional, Nana, GR, additional, Nash, Z, additional, Nastro, P, additional, Nazarian, S, additional, Neagle, G, additional, Neale, A, additional, Neary, PM, additional, Newton, RC, additional, Ng, M, additional, Ng, S, additional, Niaz, O, additional, Nickson, S, additional, Nicol, D, additional, Nimako, E, additional, Noor Mohamed, MS, additional, Nyeko-Lacek, M, additional, O'Connor, BR, additional, O'Neill, E, additional, O'Neill, N, additional, O'Sullivan, D, additional, O'Brien, J, additional, Oakey, M, additional, Obeid, N, additional, Odeh, A, additional, Ogboru, S, additional, Ogbuokiri, C, additional, Okekunle, B, additional, Okorocha, E, additional, Olagbaiye, O, additional, Olivier, JB, additional, Ooi, R, additional, Orawiec, P, additional, Orizu, M, additional, Orme, N, additional, Ormiston, R, additional, Paget, C, additional, Pal, A, additional, Palani-Velu, LK, additional, Pan, Y, additional, Panda, N, additional, Pandey, V, additional, Pandya, R, additional, Pandya, D, additional, Paramasevon, KR, additional, Pardy, C, additional, Parkola, MJ, additional, Pasquali, Sandro, additional, Patel, AS, additional, Patel, BY, additional, Patel, C, additional, Patel, H, additional, Patel, N, additional, Patel, RT, additional, Patel, S, additional, Patel, Y, additional, Patel, MM, additional, Patil, SD, additional, Payne, CJ, additional, Payne, RE, additional, Pearce, JCH, additional, Pearce, L, additional, Pedder, A, additional, Peirce, CB, additional, Peiris, GB, additional, Peleki, A, additional, Pellino, Gianluca, additional, Pento, V, additional, Peprah, D, additional, Perera, HS, additional, Perera, MI, additional, Phelan, L, additional, Photiou, D, additional, Pierre, R, additional, Pilkington, JP, additional, Pinkney, Thomas D, additional, Pisavadia, B, additional, Poacher, A, additional, Podda, M, additional, Pollard, H, additional, Popova, D, additional, Poudevigne, M, additional, Prideaux, A, additional, Pullabatla Venkata, UP, additional, Quddus, A, additional, Quill, S, additional, Rabie, M, additional, Rabie, MR, additional, Radwan, RW, additional, Rae, JF, additional, Rahim, A, additional, Rahmani, LS, additional, Rajagopal, S, additional, Rajaram, R, additional, Rajaretnam, N, additional, Rajjoub, Y, additional, Rallage, H, additional, Ramcharan, S, additional, Ranathunga, S, additional, Rao, M, additional, Rao, VSR, additional, Raofi, A, additional, Rashid, M, additional, Rate, A, additional, Ravindran, R, additional, Raymond, M, additional, Raza, SS, additional, Reddy, A, additional, Redman, EP, additional, Redmond, AE, additional, Rekhraj, S, additional, Renshaw, S, additional, Rex, D, additional, Rezacova, M, additional, Rezvani, S, additional, Ribeiro, B, additional, Rich, JE, additional, Richardson, TD, additional, Rigby, S, additional, Rigney, B, additional, Rinkoff, S, additional, Robb, HD, additional, Robertson, C, additional, Robinson, D, additional, Robinson, A, additional, Rodger, V, additional, Rolph, R, additional, Roomi, S, additional, Roth, NPG, additional, Rothnie, K, additional, Roy, C, additional, Rupani, S, additional, Rutherford, DG, additional, Sacks, R, additional, Saghir, N, additional, Saha, A, additional, Sahay, SJ, additional, Sahnan, K, additional, Salama, Y, additional, Salim, S, additional, Samuel, M, additional, Sana, S, additional, Sandu, L, additional, Sarmah, P, additional, Sarveswaran, J, additional, Saunders, SMF, additional, Savill, A, additional, Savioli, F, additional, Schuster Bruce, JR, additional, Sebastian, JF, additional, Seddon, TC, additional, Seneviratne, N, additional, Seth, M, additional, Setshwaelo, T, additional, Sezen, E, additional, Sgardelis, P, additional, Sgrò, A, additional, Shah, C, additional, Shah, J, additional, Shah, K, additional, Shah, SM, additional, Shakoor, Z, additional, Shalaby, MS, additional, Shanmuganathan, V, additional, Shanmugarajah, K, additional, Sharma, A, additional, Sharma, P, additional, Sharp, OL, additional, Shepherd, JA, additional, Sherif, MA, additional, Shet, S, additional, Shingler, G, additional, Shiwani, MH, additional, Shreshta, D, additional, Sian, T, additional, Siddiqui, MN, additional, Siddiqui, ZA, additional, Siggens, KL, additional, Sihra, N, additional, Silva, I, additional, Simioni, A, additional, Simmonds, LFC, additional, Simpson, DJ, additional, Singh, A, additional, Singh, S, additional, Singhal, T, additional, Sivaloganathan, P, additional, Sloan, K, additional, Smallcombe, N, additional, Smart, CJ, additional, Smart, Neil J, additional, Smith, R, additional, Smoker, H, additional, Solinas, L, additional, Souter, JEH, additional, Springate, EL, additional, Stephens, GF, additional, Stevenson, R, additional, Stewart, DJ, additional, Stoica, I, additional, Strachan, E, additional, Stubbs, BM, additional, Stupalkowska, W, additional, Suliman, A, additional, Sultana, A, additional, Sunter, H, additional, Suriyakumar, S, additional, Symons, NRA, additional, Szentpali, K, additional, Szucs, A, additional, Tabain, V, additional, Tague, LE, additional, Tailor, K, additional, Tan, CY, additional, Tan, S, additional, Tang, AM, additional, Tarazi, M, additional, Tay, YH, additional, Tayeh, S, additional, Taylor, M, additional, Taylor, NS, additional, Taze, D, additional, Teasdale, E, additional, Thakral, N, additional, Thava, B, additional, Thavanesan, N, additional, Thaventhiran, AJ, additional, Theodoropoulou, K, additional, Thomas, AT, additional, Thomas, L, additional, Thompson, DB, additional, Thompson, R, additional, Thoukididou, SN, additional, Tiboni, SG, additional, Tiedt, LA, additional, Ting, N, additional, Tinsley, BJ, additional, Tognarelli, JM, additional, Torkington, J, additional, Torrance, A, additional, Townsend, DC, additional, Tozer, PJ, additional, Trail, M, additional, Trew, F, additional, Tudyka, V, additional, Tullie, L, additional, Turnbull, A, additional, Turner, EJ, additional, Twum-Barima, CS, additional, Tyler, Robert, additional, Vakis, S, additional, Valle, A La, additional, Van Boxel, GI, additional, Vance-Daniel, J, additional, Varcada, M, additional, Varma, N, additional, Vaughan, EM, additional, Velchuru, VR, additional, Velho, R, additional, Venkatasubramaniam, AK, additional, Venn, ML, additional, Vijay, V, additional, Vinnicombe, Z, additional, Vitish-Sharma, P, additional, Wagener, S, additional, Waite, K, additional, Walters, KJ, additional, Walters, U, additional, Wardle, BG, additional, Wardle, SD, additional, Warusavitarne, J, additional, Watfah, J, additional, Watson, N, additional, Wauchope, J, additional, Weatherburn, LW, additional, Weegenaar, CR, additional, Welsh, S, additional, Wheatstone, S, additional, Whewell, HE, additional, Whitehouse, P, additional, Whiteman, E, additional, Whittaker, L, additional, Wijesundera, K, additional, Wilkinson, D, additional, Williams, GL, additional, Williams, M, additional, Williams, R, additional, Williams, S, additional, Wilson, EJ, additional, Wilson, MSJ, additional, Winter, DC, additional, Winter, G, additional, Wolff, J, additional, Wong, A, additional, Wong, CLL, additional, Wong, SY, additional, Wood, CS, additional, Woodrow, C, additional, Woodward, A, additional, Woodward, B, additional, Wright, E, additional, Wright, HL, additional, Wu, F, additional, Yalamarthi, S, additional, Yang, P, additional, Yardimci, E, additional, Yasin, T, additional, Yen, SK, additional, Yoganathan, S, additional, Yoong, S, additional, Youssef, H, additional, Yow, LPS, additional, Zaborowski, A, additional, Zadi, AZ, additional, Zarka, ZA, additional, Zarog, MA, additional, and Zhang, AY, additional
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- 2020
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9. Community-wide decline in the occurrence of lesser sandeels Ammodytes marinus in seabird chick diets at a North Sea colony
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Wanless, S, primary, Harris, MP, additional, Newell, MA, additional, Speakman, JR, additional, and Daunt, F, additional
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- 2018
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10. Moult location and diet of auks in the North Sea inferred from coupled light-based and isotopebased geolocation
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St John Glew, K, primary, Wanless, S, additional, Harris, MP, additional, Daunt, F, additional, Erikstad, KE, additional, Strøm, H, additional, and Trueman, CN, additional
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- 2018
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11. From days to decades: short- and long-term variation in environmental conditions affect offspring diet composition of a marine top predator
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Howells, RJ, primary, Burthe, SJ, additional, Green, JA, additional, Harris, MP, additional, Newell, MA, additional, Butler, A, additional, Johns, DG, additional, Carnell, EJ, additional, Wanless, S, additional, and Daunt, F, additional
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- 2017
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12. Bringing It All Together: Multi-species Integrated Population Modelling of a Breeding Community
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Lahoz-Monfort, JJ, Harris, MP, Wanless, S, Freeman, SN, Morgan, BJT, Lahoz-Monfort, JJ, Harris, MP, Wanless, S, Freeman, SN, and Morgan, BJT
- Abstract
UNLABELLED: Integrated population models (IPMs) combine data on different aspects of demography with time-series of population abundance. IPMs are becoming increasingly popular in the study of wildlife populations, but their application has largely been restricted to the analysis of single species. However, species exist within communities: sympatric species are exposed to the same abiotic environment, which may generate synchrony in the fluctuations of their demographic parameters over time. Given that in many environments conditions are changing rapidly, assessing whether species show similar demographic and population responses is fundamental to quantifying interspecific differences in environmental sensitivity and highlighting ecological interactions at risk of disruption. In this paper, we combine statistical approaches to study populations, integrating data along two different dimensions: across species (using a recently proposed framework to quantify multi-species synchrony in demography) and within each species (using IPMs with demographic and abundance data). We analyse data from three seabird species breeding at a nationally important long-term monitoring site. We combine demographic datasets with island-wide population counts to construct the first multi-species Integrated Population Model to consider synchrony. Our extension of the IPM concept allows the simultaneous estimation of demographic parameters, adult abundance and multi-species synchrony in survival and productivity, within a robust statistical framework. The approach is readily applicable to other taxa and habitats. Supplementary materials accompanying this paper appear on-line. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: Supplementary materials for this article are available at 10.1007/s13253-017-0279-4.
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- 2017
13. Multi-colony tracking reveals spatio-temporal variation in carry-over effects between breeding success and winter movements in a pelagic seabird
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Bogdanova, MI, primary, Butler, A, additional, Wanless, S, additional, Moe, B, additional, Anker-Nilssen, T, additional, Frederiksen, M, additional, Boulinier, T, additional, Chivers, LS, additional, Christensen-Dalsgaard, S, additional, Descamps, S, additional, Harris, MP, additional, Newell, M, additional, Olsen, B, additional, Phillips, RA, additional, Shaw, D, additional, Steen, H, additional, Strøm, H, additional, Thórarinsson, TL, additional, and Daunt, F, additional
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- 2017
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14. 0065 RESTING ENERGY EXPENDITURE VARIES WITH CIRCADIAN PHASE IN NON-OBESE OLDER ADULTS
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Zitting, K, primary, Vujovic, N, additional, Medina, JE, additional, Rader, AG, additional, Harris, MP, additional, Wong, A, additional, Williams, JS, additional, Buxton, OM, additional, Czeisler, CA, additional, and Duffy, JF, additional
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- 2017
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15. 0685 FIXED VS. AD LIB TIME IN BED IMPACTS SLEEP DURATION FOLLOWING SIMULATED NIGHT SHIFTS IN OLDER ADULTS
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Kim, J, primary, Chinoy, ED, additional, Harris, MP, additional, Kim, M, additional, and Duffy, JF, additional
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- 2017
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16. Effects of an extreme weather event on seabird breeding success at a North Sea colony
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Newell, M, primary, Wanless, S, additional, Harris, MP, additional, and Daunt, F, additional
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- 2015
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17. Early-life variation in migration is subject to strong fluctuating survival selection in a partially migratory bird.
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Ugland CR, Acker P, Burthe SJ, Fortuna R, Gunn C, Haaland TR, Harris MP, Morley TI, Newell MA, Swann RL, Wanless S, Daunt F, and Reid JM
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- Animals, Seasons, Selection, Genetic, Population Dynamics, Bayes Theorem, Charadriiformes physiology, Life History Traits, Animal Migration
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Population dynamic and eco-evolutionary responses to environmental variation and change fundamentally depend on combinations of within- and among-cohort variation in the phenotypic expression of key life-history traits, and on corresponding variation in selection on those traits. Specifically, in partially migratory populations, spatio-seasonal dynamics depend on the degree of adaptive phenotypic expression of seasonal migration versus residence, where more individuals migrate when selection favours migration. Opportunity for adaptive (or, conversely, maladaptive) expression could be particularly substantial in early life, through the initial development of migration versus residence. However, within- and among-cohort dynamics of early-life migration, and of associated survival selection, have not been quantified in any system, preventing any inference on adaptive early-life expression. Such analyses have been precluded because data on seasonal movements and survival of sufficient young individuals, across multiple cohorts, have not been collected. We undertook extensive year-round field resightings of 9359 colour-ringed juvenile European shags Gulosus aristotelis from 11 successive cohorts in a partially migratory population. We fitted Bayesian multi-state capture-mark-recapture models to quantify early-life variation in migration versus residence and associated survival across short temporal occasions through each cohort's first year from fledging, thereby quantifying the degree of adaptive phenotypic expression of migration within and across years. All cohorts were substantially partially migratory, but the degree and timing of migration varied considerably within and among cohorts. Episodes of strong survival selection on migration versus residence occurred both on short timeframes within years, and cumulatively across entire first years, generating instances of instantaneous and cumulative net selection that would be obscured at coarser temporal resolutions. Further, the magnitude and direction of selection varied among years, generating strong fluctuating survival selection on early-life migration across cohorts, as rarely evidenced in nature. Yet, the degree of migration did not strongly covary with the direction of selection, indicating limited early-life adaptive phenotypic expression. These results reveal how dynamic early-life expression of and selection on a key life-history trait, seasonal migration, can emerge across seasonal, annual, and multi-year timeframes, yet be substantially decoupled. This restricts the potential for adaptive phenotypic, microevolutionary, and population dynamic responses to changing seasonal environments., (© 2024 The Author(s). Journal of Animal Ecology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of British Ecological Society.)
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- 2024
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18. The society for craniofacial genetics and developmental biology 46th annual meeting.
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Brugmann SA, Clouthier DE, Fantauzzo KA, Harris MP, Jeong J, Saint-Jeannet JP, Stottmann RW, and Merrill AE
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- Humans, Craniofacial Abnormalities genetics, Craniofacial Abnormalities pathology, Developmental Biology
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The Society for Craniofacial Genetics and Developmental Biology (SCGDB) held its 46th Annual Meeting at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center in Cincinnati, Ohio on October 10th-12th, 2023. On the first day of the meeting, Drs. Sally Moody and Justin Cotney were each honored with the SCGDB Distinguished Scientist Awards for their exceptional contributions to the field of craniofacial biology. The following two days of the meeting featured five sessions that highlighted new discoveries in signaling and genomic mechanisms regulating craniofacial development, human genetics, translational and regenerative approaches, and clinical management of craniofacial differences. Interactive workshops on spatial transcriptomics and scientific communication, as well as a poster session facilitated meaningful interactions among the 122 attendees representing diverse career stages and research backgrounds in developmental biology and genetics, strengthened the SCGDB community., (© 2024 Wiley Periodicals LLC.)
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- 2024
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19. Seabirds show foraging site and route fidelity but demonstrate flexibility in response to local information.
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Regan CE, Bogdanova MI, Newell M, Gunn C, Wanless S, Harris MP, Lopez SL, Benninghaus E, Bolton M, Daunt F, and Searle KR
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Background: Fidelity to a given foraging location or route may be beneficial when environmental conditions are predictable but costly if conditions deteriorate or become unpredictable. Understanding the magnitude of fidelity displayed by different species and the processes that drive or erode it is therefore vital for understanding how fidelity may shape the demographic consequences of anthropogenic change. In particular, understanding the information that individuals may use to adjust their fidelity will facilitate improved predictions of how fidelity may change as environments change and the extent to which it will buffer individuals against such changes., Methods: We used movement data collected during the breeding season across eight years for common guillemots, Atlantic puffins, razorbills, and black-legged kittiwakes breeding on the Isle of May, Scotland to understand: (1) whether foraging site/route fidelity occurred within and between years, (2) whether the degree of fidelity between trips was predicted by personal foraging effort, and (3) whether different individuals made more similar trips when they overlapped in time at the colony prior to departure and/or when out at sea suggesting the use of the same local environmental cues or information on the decisions made by con- and heterospecifics., Results: All species exhibited site and route fidelity both within- and between-years, and fidelity between trips in guillemots and razorbills was related to metrics of foraging effort, suggesting they adjust fidelity to their personal foraging experience. We also found evidence that individuals used local environmental cues of prey location or availability and/or information gained by observing conspecifics when choosing foraging routes, particularly in puffins, where trips of individuals that overlapped temporally at the colony or out at sea were more similar., Conclusions: The fidelity shown by these seabird species has the potential to put them at greater risk in the face of environmental change by driving individuals to continue using areas being degraded by anthropogenic pressures. However, our results suggest that individuals show some flexibility in their fidelity, which may promote resilience under environmental change. The benefits of this flexibility are likely to depend on numerous factors, including the rapidity and spatial scale of environmental change and the reliability of the information individuals use to choose foraging sites or routes, thus highlighting the need to better understand how organisms combine cues, prior experience, and other sources of information to make movement decisions., (© 2024. The Author(s).)
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- 2024
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20. Trawling aquatic life for new models in biomedical research and evolutionary developmental biology.
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Schneider PN, Seemann F, Harris MP, and Braasch I
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- Animals, Biomedical Research, Aquatic Organisms, Developmental Biology, Biological Evolution
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- 2024
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21. Genetic regulation of injury-induced heterotopic ossification in adult zebrafish.
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Kaliya-Perumal AK, Celik C, Carney TJ, Harris MP, and Ingham PW
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- Animals, Gene Expression Regulation, Aging genetics, Aging pathology, Wounds and Injuries complications, Wounds and Injuries genetics, Wounds and Injuries pathology, Disease Models, Animal, Mutation genetics, Zebrafish genetics, Ossification, Heterotopic genetics, Ossification, Heterotopic pathology, Zebrafish Proteins genetics, Zebrafish Proteins metabolism
- Abstract
Heterotopic ossification is the inappropriate formation of bone in soft tissues of the body. It can manifest spontaneously in rare genetic conditions or as a response to injury, known as acquired heterotopic ossification. There are several experimental models for studying acquired heterotopic ossification from different sources of damage. However, their tenuous mechanistic relevance to the human condition, invasive and laborious nature and/or lack of amenability to chemical and genetic screens, limit their utility. To address these limitations, we developed a simple zebrafish injury model that manifests heterotopic ossification with high penetrance in response to clinically emulating injuries, as observed in human myositis ossificans traumatica. Using this model, we defined the transcriptional response to trauma, identifying differentially regulated genes. Mutant analyses revealed that an increase in the activity of the potassium channel Kcnk5b potentiates injury response, whereas loss of function of the interleukin 11 receptor paralogue (Il11ra) resulted in a drastically reduced ossification response. Based on these findings, we postulate that enhanced ionic signalling, specifically through Kcnk5b, regulates the intensity of the skeletogenic injury response, which, in part, requires immune response regulated by Il11ra., Competing Interests: Competing interests The authors declare no competing or financial interests., (© 2024. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd.)
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- 2024
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22. Genetic tools for the study of the mangrove killifish, Kryptolebias marmoratus, an emerging vertebrate model for phenotypic plasticity.
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Li CY, Boldt H, Parent E, Ficklin J, James A, Anlage TJ, Boyer LM, Pierce BR, Siegfried KR, Harris MP, and Haag ES
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- Animals, Cyprinodontiformes genetics, Cyprinodontiformes physiology, Killifishes genetics, Killifishes physiology, Fundulidae genetics, Fundulidae embryology, Fundulidae physiology, Embryo, Nonmammalian, Phenotype
- Abstract
Kryptolebias marmoratus (Kmar), a teleost fish of the order Cyprinodontiformes, has a suite of unique phenotypes and behaviors not observed in other fishes. Many of these phenotypes are discrete and highly plastic-varying over time within an individual, and in some cases reversible. Kmar and its interfertile sister species, K. hermaphroditus, are the only known self-fertile vertebrates. This unusual sexual mode has the potential to provide unique insights into the regulation of vertebrate sexual development, and also lends itself to genetics. Kmar is easily adapted to the lab and requires little maintenance. However, its internal fertilization and small clutch size limits its experimental use. To support Kmar as a genetic model, we compared alternative husbandry techniques to maximize recovery of early cleavage-stage embryos. We find that frequent egg collection enhances yield, and that protease treatment promotes the greatest hatching success. We completed a forward mutagenesis screen and recovered several mutant lines that serve as important tools for genetics in this model. Several will serve as useful viable recessive markers for marking crosses. Importantly, the mutant kissylips lays embryos at twice the rate of wild-type. Combining frequent egg collection with the kissylips mutant background allows for a substantial enhancement of early embryo yield. These improvements were sufficient to allow experimental analysis of early development and the successful mono- and bi-allelic targeted knockout of an endogenous tyrosinase gene with CRISPR/Cas9 nucleases. Collectively, these tools will facilitate modern developmental genetics in this fascinating fish, leading to future insights into the regulation of plasticity., (© 2023 The Authors. Journal of Experimental Zoology Part B: Molecular and Developmental Evolution published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.)
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- 2024
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23. Phylogenomic analysis of the Lake Kronotskoe species flock of Dolly Varden charr reveals genetic and developmental signatures of sympatric radiation.
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Woronowicz KC, Esin EV, Markevich GN, Martinez CS, McMenamin SK, Daane JM, Harris MP, and Shkil FN
- Abstract
Recent adaptive radiations provide evolutionary case studies, which provide the context to parse the relationship between genomic variation and the origins of distinct phenotypes. Sympatric radiations of the charr complex (genus Salvelinus ) present a trove for phylogenetics as charrs have repeatedly diversified into multiple morphs with distinct feeding specializations. However, species flocks normally comprise only two to three lineages. Dolly Varden charr inhabiting Lake Kronotske represent the most extensive radiation described for the charr genus, containing at least seven lineages, each with defining morphological and ecological traits. Here, we perform the first genome-wide analysis of this species flock to parse the foundations of adaptive change. Our data support distinct, reproductively isolated lineages with little evidence of hybridization. We also find that specific selection on thyroid signaling and craniofacial genes forms a genomic basis for the radiation. Thyroid hormone is further implicated in subsequent lineage partitioning events. These results delineate a clear genetic basis for the diversification of specialized lineages, and highlight the role of developmental mechanisms in shaping the forms generated during adaptive radiation., Competing Interests: Competing interests No competing interests declared.
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- 2024
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24. Multiple Ecological Axes Drive Molecular Evolution of Cone Opsins in Beloniform Fishes.
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Chau KD, Hauser FE, Van Nynatten A, Daane JM, Harris MP, Chang BSW, and Lovejoy NR
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- Animals, Phylogeny, Opsins genetics, Fishes genetics, Evolution, Molecular, Cone Opsins genetics
- Abstract
Ecological and evolutionary transitions offer an excellent opportunity to examine the molecular basis of adaptation. Fishes of the order Beloniformes include needlefishes, flyingfishes, halfbeaks, and allies, and comprise over 200 species occupying a wide array of habitats-from the marine epipelagic zone to tropical rainforest rivers. These fishes also exhibit a diversity of diets, including piscivory, herbivory, and zooplanktivory. We investigated how diet and habitat affected the molecular evolution of cone opsins, which play a key role in bright light and colour vision and are tightly linked to ecology and life history. We analyzed a targeted-capture dataset to reconstruct the evolutionary history of beloniforms and assemble cone opsin sequences. We implemented codon-based clade models of evolution to examine how molecular evolution was affected by habitat and diet. We found high levels of positive selection in medium- and long-wavelength beloniform opsins, with piscivores showing increased positive selection in medium-wavelength opsins and zooplanktivores showing increased positive selection in long-wavelength opsins. In contrast, short-wavelength opsins showed purifying selection. While marine/freshwater habitat transitions have an effect on opsin molecular evolution, we found that diet plays a more important role. Our study suggests that evolutionary transitions along ecological axes produce complex adaptive interactions that affect patterns of selection on genes that underlie vision., (© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.)
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- 2024
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25. Apical expansion of calvarial osteoblasts and suture patency is dependent on fibronectin cues.
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Feng X, Molteni H, Gregory M, Lanza J, Polsani N, Gupta I, Wyetzner R, Hawkins MB, Holmes G, Hopyan S, Harris MP, and Atit RP
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- Animals, Female, Humans, Mice, Cues, Disease Models, Animal, Osteoblasts, Sutures, Fibronectins metabolism, Premature Birth, Skull cytology, Skull growth & development, Skull metabolism
- Abstract
The skull roof, or calvaria, is comprised of interlocking plates of bones that encase the brain. Separating these bones are fibrous sutures that permit growth. Currently, we do not understand the instructions for directional growth of the calvaria, a process which is error-prone and can lead to skeletal deficiencies or premature suture fusion (craniosynostosis, CS). Here, we identify graded expression of fibronectin (FN1) in the mouse embryonic cranial mesenchyme (CM) that precedes the apical expansion of calvaria. Conditional deletion of Fn1 or Wasl leads to diminished frontal bone expansion by altering cell shape and focal actin enrichment, respectively, suggesting defective migration of calvarial progenitors. Interestingly, Fn1 mutants have premature fusion of coronal sutures. Consistently, syndromic forms of CS in humans exhibit dysregulated FN1 expression, and we also find FN1 expression altered in a mouse CS model of Apert syndrome. These data support a model of FN1 as a directional substrate for calvarial osteoblast migration that may be a common mechanism underlying many cranial disorders of disparate genetic etiologies., Competing Interests: Competing interests The authors declare no competing or financial interests., (© 2024. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd.)
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- 2024
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26. EVOLUTIONARY CO-OPTION OF AN ANCESTRAL CLOACAL REGULATORY LANDSCAPE DURING THE EMERGENCE OF DIGITS AND GENITALS.
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Hintermann A, Bolt CC, Hawkins MB, Valentin G, Lopez-Delisle L, Gitto S, Gómez PB, Mascrez B, Mansour TA, Nakamura T, Harris MP, Shubin NH, and Duboule D
- Abstract
The transition from fins to limbs has been a rich source of discussion for more than a century. One open and important issue is understanding how the mechanisms that pattern digits arose during vertebrate evolution. In this context, the analysis of Hox gene expression and functions to infer evolutionary scenarios has been a productive approach to explain the changes in organ formation, particularly in limbs. In tetrapods, the transcription of Hoxd genes in developing digits depends on a well-characterized set of enhancers forming a large regulatory landscape
1,2 . This control system has a syntenic counterpart in zebrafish, even though they lack bona fide digits, suggestive of deep homology3 between distal fin and limb developmental mechanisms. We tested the global function of this landscape to assess ancestry and source of limb and fin variation. In contrast to results in mice, we show here that the deletion of the homologous control region in zebrafish has a limited effect on the transcription of hoxd genes during fin development. However, it fully abrogates hoxd expression within the developing cloaca, an ancestral structure related to the mammalian urogenital sinus. We show that similar to the limb, Hoxd gene function in the urogenital sinus of the mouse also depends on enhancers located in this same genomic domain. Thus, we conclude that the current regulation underlying Hoxd gene expression in distal limbs was co-opted in tetrapods from a preexisting cloacal program. The orthologous chromatin domain in fishes may illustrate a rudimentary or partial step in this evolutionary co-option., Competing Interests: COMPETING INTERESTS The authors declare that they have no competing interests.- Published
- 2024
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27. Additive genetic and environmental variation interact to shape the dynamics of seasonal migration in a wild bird population.
- Author
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Acker P, Daunt F, Wanless S, Burthe SJ, Newell MA, Harris MP, Swann RL, Gunn C, Morley TI, and Reid JM
- Subjects
- Animals, Seasons, Phenotype, Genetic Variation, Birds, Adaptation, Physiological
- Abstract
Dissecting joint micro-evolutionary and plastic responses to environmental perturbations requires quantifying interacting components of genetic and environmental variation underlying expression of key traits. This ambition is particularly challenging for phenotypically discrete traits where multiscale decompositions are required to reveal nonlinear transformations of underlying genetic and environmental variation into phenotypic variation, and when effects must be estimated from incomplete field observations. We devised a joint multistate capture-recapture and quantitative genetic animal model, and fitted this model to full-annual-cycle resighting data from partially-migratory European shags (${Gulosus~{}aristotelis}$) to estimate key components of genetic, environmental and phenotypic variance in the ecologically critical discrete trait of seasonal migration versus residence. We demonstrate non-negligible additive genetic variance in latent liability for migration, resulting in detectable micro-evolutionary responses following two episodes of strong survival selection. Further, liability-scale additive genetic effects interacted with substantial permanent individual and temporary environmental effects to generate complex nonadditive effects on expressed phenotypes, causing substantial intrinsic gene-by-environment interaction variance on the phenotypic scale. Our analyses therefore reveal how temporal dynamics of partial seasonal migration arise from combinations of instantaneous micro-evolution and within-individual phenotypic consistency, and highlight how intrinsic phenotypic plasticity could expose genetic variation underlying discrete traits to complex forms of selection., (© The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Society for the Study of Evolution (SSE).)
- Published
- 2023
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28. Examining the Measurement Invariance of the Conformity to Masculine Norms Inventory (CMNI-30) by Sexual Orientation.
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Anghel E, Mahalik JR, and Harris MP
- Subjects
- Male, Humans, Female, Bisexuality, Factor Analysis, Statistical, Masculinity, Social Behavior
- Abstract
An abbreviated version of the Conformity to Masculine Norms Inventory , the CMNI-30, was developed with several strengths. However, its measurement invariance across men with different sexual orientations has not been examined in a U.S. sample, so it is unclear whether these different populations understand the items similarly. In addition, no studies have compared conformity to masculinity norms across sexual orientations. This would be important to understand sexual minority men's experience of masculinity and how it differs from heteronormative masculinity. This article explores the measurement invariance of the CMNI-30 among 882 heterosexual, gay, and bisexual+ men using confirmatory factor analysis, and compares their CMNI-30 subscale scores. Results indicated that the CMNI-30 demonstrated residual invariance between men of different sexual orientations, suggesting that men of different sexual orientations interpreted the items similarly. We also found higher levels of conformity to the masculine norms of Winning, Heterosexual self-presentation, and Power over women among heterosexual men relative to gay and bisexual+ men, and higher levels of Pursuit of status among gay men relative to the other groups. Results provide support for the use of the CMNI-30 in research with men of different sexual orientations.
- Published
- 2023
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29. Increased parental effort fails to buffer the cascading effects of warmer seas on common guillemot demographic rates.
- Author
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Wanless S, Albon SD, Daunt F, Sarzo B, Newell MA, Gunn C, Speakman JR, and Harris MP
- Subjects
- Animals, Feeding Behavior physiology, Fishes, Diet, Population Density, Charadriiformes
- Abstract
Climate warming can reduce food resources for animal populations. In species exhibiting parental care, parental effort is a 'barometer' of changes in environmental conditions. A key issue is the extent to which variation in parental effort can buffer demographic rates against environmental change. Seabirds breed in large, dense colonies and globally are major predators of small fish that are often sensitive to ocean warming. We explored the causes and consequences of annual variation in parental effort as indicated by standardised checks of the proportions of chicks attended by both, one or neither parent, in a population of common guillemots Uria aalge over four decades during which there was marked variation in marine climate and chick diet. We predicted that, for parental effort to be an effective buffer, there would be a link between environmental conditions and parental effort, but not between parental effort and demographic rates. Environmental conditions influenced multiple aspects of the prey delivered by parents to their chicks with prey species, length and energy density all influenced by spring sea surface temperature (sSST) in the current and/or previous year. Overall, the mean annual daily energy intake of chicks declined significantly when sSST in the current year was higher. In accordance with our first prediction, we found that parental effort increased with sSST in the current and previous year. However, the increase was insufficient to maintain chick daily energy intake. In contrast to our second prediction, we found that increased parental effort had major demographic consequences such that growth rate and fledging success of chicks, and body mass and overwinter survival of breeding adults all decreased significantly. Common guillemot parents were unable to compensate effectively for temperature-mediated variation in feeding conditions through behavioural flexibility, resulting in immediate consequences for breeding population size because of lower adult survival and potentially longer-term impacts on recruitment because of lower productivity. These findings highlight that a critical issue for species' responses to future climate change will be the extent to which behavioural buffering can offer resilience to deteriorating environmental conditions., (© 2023 The Authors. Journal of Animal Ecology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of British Ecological Society.)
- Published
- 2023
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30. Consequences of cross-season demographic correlations for population viability.
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Layton-Matthews K, Reiertsen TK, Erikstad KE, Anker-Nilssen T, Daunt F, Wanless S, Barrett RT, Newell MA, and Harris MP
- Abstract
Demographic correlations are pervasive in wildlife populations and can represent important secondary drivers of population growth. Empirical evidence suggests that correlations are in general positive for long-lived species, but little is known about the degree of variation among spatially segregated populations of the same species in relation to environmental conditions. We assessed the relative importance of two cross-season correlations in survival and productivity, for three Atlantic puffin ( Fratercula arctica ) populations with contrasting population trajectories and non-overlapping year-round distributions. The two correlations reflected either a relationship between adult survival prior to breeding on productivity, or a relationship between productivity and adult survival the subsequent year. Demographic rates and their correlations were estimated with an integrated population model, and their respective contributions to variation in population growth were calculated using a transient-life table response experiment. For all three populations, demographic correlations were positive at both time lags, although their strength differed. Given the different year-round distributions of these populations, this variation in the strength population-level demographic correlations points to environmental conditions as an important driver of demographic variation through life-history constraints. Consequently, the contributions of variances and correlations in demographic rates to population growth rates differed among puffin populations, which has implications for-particularly small-populations' viability under environmental change as positive correlations tend to reduce the stochastic population growth rate., (© 2023 The Authors. Ecology and Evolution published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
- Published
- 2023
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31. The Society for Craniofacial Genetics and Developmental Biology 45th Annual Meeting.
- Author
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Stottmann RW, Harris MP, Saint-Jeannet JP, Merrill AE, and Clouthier DE
- Subjects
- Child, Humans, Developmental Biology, Congresses as Topic, Awards and Prizes, Genomics
- Abstract
The Society for Craniofacial Genetics and Developmental Biology (SCGDB) held its 45th Annual Meeting at the Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine at the University of California, San Diego on October 20th-21st, 2022. The meeting included presentation of the SCGDB Distinguished Scientists in Craniofacial Research Awards to Drs. Ralph Marcucio and Loydie Jerome-Majewska and four scientific sessions that highlighted new discoveries in signaling in craniofacial development, genomics of craniofacial development, human genetics of craniofacial development and translational and regenerative approaches in craniofacial biology. The meeting also included workshops on analysis of single cell RNA sequencing datasets and using human sequencing data from the Gabriella Miller Kids First Pediatric Research Program. There were 110 faculty and trainees in attendance that represent a diverse group of researchers from all career stages in the fields of developmental biology and genetics. The meeting, which also included outdoor poster presentations, provided opportunities for participant interactions and discussions, thus strengthening the SCGDB community., (© 2023 Wiley Periodicals LLC.)
- Published
- 2023
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32. Quantifying the impacts of predation by Great Black-backed Gulls Larus marinus on an Atlantic Puffin Fratercula arctica population: Implications for conservation management and impact assessments.
- Author
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Langlois Lopez S, Daunt F, Wilson J, O'Hanlon NJ, Searle KR, Bennett S, Newell MA, Harris MP, and Masden E
- Subjects
- Animals, Predatory Behavior, Seasons, Population Dynamics, Charadriiformes
- Abstract
The management of predator-prey conflicts can be a key aspect of species conservation. For management approaches to be effective, a robust understanding of the predator-prey relationship is needed, particularly when both predator and prey are species of conservation concern. On the Isle of May, Firth of Forth, Scotland, numbers of breeding Great Black-backed Gulls Larus marinus, a generalist predator, have been increasing since the 1980s, which has led to increasing numbers of sympatrically breeding Atlantic Puffins Fratercula arctica being predated during the breeding season. This may have consequences for species management on the Isle of May and impact assessments of offshore windfarms in the wider Firth of Forth area. We used population viability analysis to quantify under what predation pressure the Atlantic Puffin population may decline and become locally extinct over a three-generation period. The predation level empirically estimated in 2017 (1120 Puffins per year) was not sufficient to drive a decline in the Puffin population. Rather, an increase to approximately 3000 Puffins per year would be required to cause a population decline, and >4000 to drive the population to quasi-extinction within 66 years. We discuss the likelihood of such a scenario being reached on the Isle of May, and we recommend that where predator-prey conflicts occur, predation-driven mortality should be regularly quantified to inform conservation management and population viability analyses associated with impact assessments., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2023
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33. The effect of climate change on avian offspring production: A global meta-analysis.
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Halupka L, Arlt D, Tolvanen J, Millon A, Bize P, Adamík P, Albert P, Arendt WJ, Artemyev AV, Baglione V, Bańbura J, Bańbura M, Barba E, Barrett RT, Becker PH, Belskii E, Bolton M, Bowers EK, Bried J, Brouwer L, Bukacińska M, Bukaciński D, Bulluck L, Carstens KF, Catry I, Charter M, Chernomorets A, Covas R, Czuchra M, Dearborn DC, de Lope F, Di Giacomo AS, Dombrovski VC, Drummond H, Dunn MJ, Eeva T, Emmerson LM, Espmark Y, Fargallo JA, Gashkov SI, Golubova EY, Griesser M, Harris MP, Hoover JP, Jagiełło Z, Karell P, Kloskowski J, Koenig WD, Kolunen H, Korczak-Abshire M, Korpimäki E, Krams I, Krist M, Krüger SC, Kuranov BD, Lambin X, Lombardo MP, Lyakhov A, Marzal A, Møller AP, Neves VC, Nielsen JT, Numerov A, Orłowska B, Oro D, Öst M, Phillips RA, Pietiäinen H, Polo V, Porkert J, Potti J, Pöysä H, Printemps T, Prop J, Quillfeldt P, Ramos JA, Ravussin PA, Rosenfield RN, Roulin A, Rubenstein DR, Samusenko IE, Saunders DA, Schaub M, Senar JC, Sergio F, Solonen T, Solovyeva DV, Stępniewski J, Thompson PM, Tobolka M, Török J, van de Pol M, Vernooij L, Visser ME, Westneat DF, Wheelwright NT, Wiącek J, Wiebe KL, Wood AG, Wuczyński A, Wysocki D, Zárybnická M, Margalida A, and Halupka K
- Subjects
- Animals, Female, Seasons, Chickens, Reproduction, Climate Change, Life History Traits
- Abstract
Climate change affects timing of reproduction in many bird species, but few studies have investigated its influence on annual reproductive output. Here, we assess changes in the annual production of young by female breeders in 201 populations of 104 bird species (N = 745,962 clutches) covering all continents between 1970 and 2019. Overall, average offspring production has declined in recent decades, but considerable differences were found among species and populations. A total of 56.7% of populations showed a declining trend in offspring production (significant in 17.4%), whereas 43.3% exhibited an increase (significant in 10.4%). The results show that climatic changes affect offspring production through compounded effects on ecological and life history traits of species. Migratory and larger-bodied species experienced reduced offspring production with increasing temperatures during the chick-rearing period, whereas smaller-bodied, sedentary species tended to produce more offspring. Likewise, multi-brooded species showed increased breeding success with increasing temperatures, whereas rising temperatures were unrelated to reproductive success in single-brooded species. Our study suggests that rapid declines in size of bird populations reported by many studies from different parts of the world are driven only to a small degree by changes in the production of young.
- Published
- 2023
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34. Myokine Musclin Is Critical for Exercise-Induced Cardiac Conditioning.
- Author
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Harris MP, Zeng S, Zhu Z, Lira VA, Yu L, Hodgson-Zingman DM, and Zingman LV
- Subjects
- Mice, Animals, Muscle, Skeletal metabolism, Transcription Factors genetics, Transcription Factors metabolism, Heart, Gene Expression Regulation, Ischemia metabolism, Muscle Proteins genetics, Muscle Proteins metabolism, Heart Diseases metabolism, Physical Conditioning, Animal physiology
- Abstract
This study investigates the role and mechanisms by which the myokine musclin promotes exercise-induced cardiac conditioning. Exercise is one of the most powerful triggers of cardiac conditioning with proven benefits for healthy and diseased hearts. There is an emerging understanding that muscles produce and secrete myokines, which mediate local and systemic "crosstalk" to promote exercise tolerance and overall health, including cardiac conditioning. The myokine musclin, highly conserved across animal species, has been shown to be upregulated in response to physical activity. However, musclin effects on exercise-induced cardiac conditioning are not established. Following completion of a treadmill exercise protocol, wild type (WT) mice and mice with disruption of the musclin-encoding gene, Ostn , had their hearts extracted and exposed to an ex vivo ischemia-reperfusion protocol or biochemical studies. Disruption of musclin signaling abolished the ability of exercise to mitigate cardiac ischemic injury. This impaired cardioprotection was associated with reduced mitochondrial content and function linked to blunted cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) signaling. Genetic deletion of musclin reduced the nuclear abundance of protein kinase G (PKGI) and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) response element binding (CREB), resulting in suppression of the master regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1α (PGC1α), and its downstream targets in response to physical activity. Synthetic musclin peptide pharmacokinetic parameters were defined and used to calculate the infusion rate necessary to maintain its plasma level comparable to that observed after exercise. This infusion was found to reproduce the cardioprotective benefits of exercise in sedentary WT and Ostn -KO mice. Musclin is essential for exercise-induced cardiac protection. Boosting musclin signaling might serve as a novel therapeutic strategy for cardioprotection.
- Published
- 2023
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35. Raising offspring increases ageing: Differences in senescence among three populations of a long-lived seabird, the Atlantic puffin.
- Author
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Landsem TL, Yoccoz NG, Layton-Matthews K, Hilde CH, Harris MP, Wanless S, Daunt F, Reiertsen TK, Erikstad KE, and Anker-Nilssen T
- Subjects
- Animals, Aging, Birds, Climate, Seasons, Charadriiformes
- Abstract
Actuarial senescence, the decline of survival with age, is well documented in the wild. Rates of senescence vary widely between taxa, to some extent also between sexes, with the fastest life histories showing the highest rates of senescence. Few studies have investigated differences in senescence among populations of the same species, although such variation is expected from population-level differences in environmental conditions, leading to differences in vital rates and thus life histories. We predict that, within species, populations differing in productivity (suggesting different paces of life) should experience different rates of senescence, but with little or no sexual difference in senescence within populations of monogamous, monomorphic species where the sexes share breeding duties. We compared rates of actuarial senescence among three contrasting populations of the Atlantic puffin Fratercula arctica. The dataset comprised 31 years (1990-2020) of parallel capture-mark-recapture data from three breeding colonies, Isle of May (North Sea), Røst (Norwegian Sea) and Hornøya (Barents Sea), showing contrasting productivities (i.e. annual breeding success) and population trends. We used time elapsed since first capture as a proxy for bird age, and productivity and the winter North Atlantic Oscillation Index (wNAO) as proxies for the environmental conditions experienced by the populations within and outside the breeding season, respectively. In accordance with our predictions, we found that senescence rates differed among the study populations, with no evidence for sexual differences. There was no evidence for an effect of wNAO, but the population with the lowest productivity, Røst, showed the lowest rate of senescence. As a consequence, the negative effect of senescence on the population growth rate (λ) was up to 3-5 times smaller on Røst (Δλ = -0.009) than on the two other colonies. Our findings suggest that environmentally induced differences in senescence rates among populations of a species should be accounted for when predicting effects of climate variation and change on species persistence. There is thus a need for more detailed information on how both actuarial and reproductive senescence influence vital rates of populations of the same species, calling for large-scale comparative studies., (© 2023 The Authors. Journal of Animal Ecology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of British Ecological Society.)
- Published
- 2023
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36. Localized heterochrony integrates overgrowth potential of oncogenic clones.
- Author
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Blum N and Harris MP
- Subjects
- Animals, Mutation genetics, Phenotype, Clone Cells, Zebrafish genetics, Mosaicism
- Abstract
Somatic mutations occur frequently and can arise during embryogenesis, resulting in the formation of a patchwork of mutant clones. Such mosaicism has been implicated in a broad range of developmental anomalies; however, their etiology is poorly understood. Patients carrying a common somatic oncogenic mutation in either PIK3CA or AKT1 can present with disproportionally large digits or limbs. How mutant clones, carrying an oncogenic mutation that often drives unchecked proliferation, can lead to controlled and coordinated overgrowth is unknown. We use zebrafish to explore the growth dynamics of oncogenic clones during development. Here, in a subset of clones, we observed a local increase in proportion of the fin skeleton closely resembling overgrowth phenotypes in patients. We unravel the cellular and developmental mechanisms of these overgrowths, and pinpoint the cell type and timing of clonal expansion. Coordinated overgrowth is associated with rapid clone expansion during early pre-chondrogenic phase of bone development, inducing a heterochronic shift that drives the change in bone size. Our study details how development integrates and translates growth potential of oncogenic clones, thereby shaping the phenotypic consequences of somatic mutations., Competing Interests: Competing interests The authors declare no competing or financial interests., (© 2023. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd.)
- Published
- 2023
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37. Hierarchical Variation in Phenotypic Flexibility across Timescales and Associated Survival Selection Shape the Dynamics of Partial Seasonal Migration.
- Author
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Acker P, Daunt F, Wanless S, Burthe SJ, Newell MA, Harris MP, Gunn C, Swann RL, Payo-Payo A, and Reid JM
- Subjects
- Animals, Seasons, Population Dynamics, Phenotype, Selection, Genetic, Animal Migration physiology, Birds physiology
- Abstract
AbstractPopulation responses to environmental variation ultimately depend on within-individual and among-individual variation in labile phenotypic traits that affect fitness and resulting episodes of selection. Yet complex patterns of individual phenotypic variation arising within and between time periods, as well as associated variation in selection, have not been fully conceptualized or quantified. We highlight how structured patterns of phenotypic variation in dichotomous threshold traits can theoretically arise and experience varying forms of selection, shaping overall phenotypic dynamics. We then fit novel multistate models to 10 years of band-resighting data from European shags to quantify phenotypic variation and selection in a key threshold trait underlying spatioseasonal population dynamics: seasonal migration versus residence. First, we demonstrate substantial among-individual variation alongside substantial between-year individual repeatability in within-year phenotypic variation ("flexibility"), with weak sexual dimorphism. Second, we demonstrate that between-year individual variation in within-year phenotypes ("supraflexibility") is structured and directional, consistent with the threshold trait model. Third, we demonstrate strong survival selection on within-year phenotypes-and hence on flexibility-that varies across years and sexes, including episodes of disruptive selection representing costs of flexibility. By quantitatively combining these results, we show how supraflexibility and survival selection on migratory flexibility jointly shape population-wide phenotypic dynamics of seasonal movement.
- Published
- 2023
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38. Apical expansion of calvarial osteoblasts and suture patency is dependent on graded fibronectin cues.
- Author
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Feng X, Molteni H, Gregory M, Lanza J, Polsani N, Wyetzner R, Hawkins MB, Holmes G, Hopyan S, Harris MP, and Atit RP
- Abstract
The skull roof, or calvaria, is comprised of interlocking plates of bone. Premature suture fusion (craniosynostosis, CS) or persistent fontanelles are common defects in calvarial development. Although some of the genetic causes of these disorders are known, we lack an understanding of the instructions directing the growth and migration of progenitors of these bones, which may affect the suture patency. Here, we identify graded expression of Fibronectin (FN1) protein in the mouse embryonic cranial mesenchyme (CM) that precedes the apical expansion of calvarial osteoblasts. Syndromic forms of CS exhibit dysregulated FN1 expression, and we find FN1 expression is altered in a mouse CS model as well. Conditional deletion of Fn1 in CM causes diminished frontal bone expansion by altering cell polarity and shape. To address how osteoprogenitors interact with the observed FN1 prepattern, we conditionally ablate Wasl/N-Wasp to disrupt F-actin junctions in migrating cells, impacting lamellipodia and cell-matrix interaction. Neural crest-targeted deletion of Wasl results in a diminished actin network and reduced expansion of frontal bone primordia similar to conditional Fn1 mutants. Interestingly, defective calvaria formation in both the Fn1 and Wasl mutants occurs without a significant change in proliferation, survival, or osteogenesis. Finally, we find that CM-restricted Fn1 deletion leads to premature fusion of coronal sutures. These data support a model of FN1 as a directional substrate for calvarial osteoblast migration that may be a common mechanism underlying many cranial disorders of disparate genetic etiologies.
- Published
- 2023
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39. Convergent genomics of longevity in rockfishes highlights the genetics of human life span variation.
- Author
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Treaster S, Deelen J, Daane JM, Murabito J, Karasik D, and Harris MP
- Subjects
- Animals, Humans, Genome-Wide Association Study, Aging genetics, Genomics, Longevity genetics, Perciformes genetics
- Abstract
Longevity is a defining, heritable trait that varies dramatically between species. To resolve the genetic regulation of this trait, we have mined genomic variation in rockfishes, which range in longevity from 11 to over 205 years. Multiple shifts in rockfish longevity have occurred independently and in a short evolutionary time frame, thus empowering convergence analyses. Our analyses reveal a common network of genes under convergent evolution, encompassing established aging regulators such as insulin signaling, yet also identify flavonoid (aryl-hydrocarbon) metabolism as a pathway modulating longevity. The selective pressures on these pathways indicate the ancestral state of rockfishes was long lived and that the changes in short-lived lineages are adaptive. These pathways were also used to explore genome-wide association studies of human longevity, identifying the aryl-hydrocarbon metabolism pathway to be significantly associated with human survival to the 99th percentile. This evolutionary intersection defines and cross-validates a previously unappreciated genetic architecture that associates with the evolution of longevity across vertebrates.
- Published
- 2023
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40. Osteoclast activity sculpts craniofacial form to permit sensorineural patterning in the zebrafish skull.
- Author
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Miao KZ, Cozzone A, Caetano-Lopes J, Harris MP, and Fisher S
- Subjects
- Animals, Humans, Skull, Head, Bone Development, Mammals, Osteoclasts physiology, Zebrafish physiology
- Abstract
Efforts to understand the morphogenesis of complex craniofacial structures have largely focused on the role of chondrocytes and osteoblasts. Along with these bone-creating cells, bone-resorbing osteoclasts are critical in homeostasis of adult skeletal structures, but there is currently limited information on their role in the complex morphogenetic events of craniofacial development. Fundamental aspects of skull formation and general skeletal development are conserved from zebrafish to mammals. Using a cathepsinK reporter, we documented osteoclast location in the developing zebrafish skull over several weeks, from 5.18 mm to 9.6 mm standard length (approximately 15 to 34 days post fertilization). While broad distribution of osteoclasts is consistent across individuals, they are sparse and the exact locations vary among fish and across developmental time points. Interestingly, we observed osteoclasts concentrating at areas associated with neuromasts and their associated nerves, in particular the hyomandibular foramina and around the supraorbital lateral line. These are areas of active remodeling. In contrast, other areas of rapid bone growth, such as the osteogenic fronts of the frontal and parietal bones, show no particular concentration of osteoclasts, suggesting that they play a special role in shaping bone near neuromasts and nerves. In csf1ra mutants lacking functional osteoclasts, the morphology of the cranial bone was disrupted in both areas. The hyomandibular foramen is present in the initial cartilage template, but after the initiation of ossification, the diameter of the canal is significantly smaller in the absence of osteoclasts. The diameter of the supraorbital lateral line canals was also reduced in the mutants, as was the number of pores associated with neuromasts, which allow for the passage of associated nerves through the bone. Our findings define important and previously unappreciated roles for osteoclast activity in shaping craniofacial skeletal structures with a particular role in bone modeling around peripheral cranial nerves, providing a scaffold for wiring the sensioneural system during craniofacial development. This has important implications for the formation of the evolutionarily diverse lateral line system, as well understanding the mechanism of neurologic sequelae of congenital osteoclast dysfunction in human craniofacial development., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2022 Miao, Cozzone, Caetano-Lopes, Harris and Fisher.)
- Published
- 2022
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41. Effects of Combined Inorganic Nitrate and Nitrite Supplementation on Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Skeletal Muscle Oxidative Capacity in Type 2 Diabetes: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.
- Author
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Turner KD, Kronemberger A, Bae D, Bock JM, Hughes WE, Ueda K, Feider AJ, Hanada S, de Sousa LGO, Harris MP, Anderson EJ, Bodine SC, Zimmerman MB, Casey DP, and Lira VA
- Subjects
- Humans, Middle Aged, Aged, Nitrites, Nitrates, Nitrogen Dioxide metabolism, Nitrogen Dioxide pharmacology, Pilot Projects, Muscle, Skeletal metabolism, Nitrogen Oxides metabolism, Nitric Oxide metabolism, Double-Blind Method, Dietary Supplements, Fatty Acids metabolism, Carbohydrates pharmacology, Oxidative Stress, Cardiorespiratory Fitness, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 drug therapy, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 metabolism, Beta vulgaris
- Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) stimulates mitochondrial biogenesis in skeletal muscle. However, NO metabolism is disrupted in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) potentially contributing to their decreased cardiorespiratory fitness (i.e., VO2max) and skeletal muscle oxidative capacity. We used a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, 8-week trial with beetroot juice containing nitrate (NO3−) and nitrite (NO2−) (250 mg and 20 mg/day) to test potential benefits on VO2max and skeletal muscle oxidative capacity in T2DM. T2DM (N = 36, Age = 59 ± 9 years; BMI = 31.9 ± 5.0 kg/m2) and age- and BMI-matched non-diabetic controls (N = 15, Age = 60 ± 9 years; BMI = 29.5 ± 4.6 kg/m2) were studied. Mitochondrial respiratory capacity was assessed in muscle biopsies from a subgroup of T2DM and controls (N = 19 and N = 10, respectively). At baseline, T2DM had higher plasma NO3− (100%; p < 0.001) and lower plasma NO2− levels (−46.8%; p < 0.0001) than controls. VO2max was lower in T2DM (−26.4%; p < 0.001), as was maximal carbohydrate- and fatty acid-supported oxygen consumption in permeabilized muscle fibers (−26.1% and −25.5%, respectively; p < 0.05). NO3−/NO2− supplementation increased VO2max (5.3%; p < 0.01). Further, circulating NO2−, but not NO3−, positively correlated with VO2max after supplementation (R2= 0.40; p < 0.05). Within the NO3−/NO2− group, 42% of subjects presented improvements in both carbohydrate- and fatty acid-supported oxygen consumption in skeletal muscle (vs. 0% in placebo; p < 0.05). VO2max improvements in these individuals tended to be larger than in the rest of the NO3−/NO2− group (1.21 ± 0.51 mL/(kg*min) vs. 0.31 ± 0.10 mL/(kg*min); p = 0.09). NO3−/NO2− supplementation increases VO2max in T2DM individuals and improvements in skeletal muscle oxidative capacity appear to occur in those with more pronounced increases in VO2max.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
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42. Earlier and more frequent occupation of breeding sites during the non-breeding season increases breeding success in a colonial seabird.
- Author
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Bennett S, Harris MP, Wanless S, Green JA, Newell MA, Searle KR, and Daunt F
- Abstract
Competition for high-quality breeding sites in colonial species is often intense, such that individuals may invest considerable time in site occupancy even outside the breeding season. The site defense hypothesis predicts that high-quality sites will be occupied earlier and more frequently, consequently those sites will benefit from earlier and more successful breeding. However, few studies relate non-breeding season occupancy to subsequent breeding performance limiting our understanding of the potential life-history benefits of this behavior. Here, we test how site occupancy in the non-breeding season related to site quality, breeding timing, and breeding success in a population of common guillemots Uria aalge , an abundant and well-studied colonially breeding seabird. Using time-lapse photography, we recorded occupancy at breeding sites from October to March over three consecutive non-breeding seasons. We then monitored the successive breeding timing (lay date) and breeding success at each site. On average, sites were first occupied on the 27th October ± 11.7 days (mean ± SD), subsequently occupied on 46 ± 18% of survey days and for 55 ± 15% of the time when at least one site was occupied. Higher-quality sites, sites with higher average historic breeding success, were occupied earlier, more frequently and for longer daily durations thereafter. Laying was earlier at sites that were occupied more frequently and sites occupied earlier were more successful, supporting the site defense hypothesis. A path analysis showed that the return date had a greater or equal effect on breeding success as lay date. Pair level occupancy had no effect on breeding timing or success. The clear effect of non-breeding occupancy of breeding sites on breeding timing and success highlights the benefits of this behavior on demography in this population and the importance of access to breeding sites outside the breeding season in systems where competition for high-quality sites is intense., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interests., (© 2022 The Authors. Ecology and Evolution published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
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- 2022
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43. Zebrafish mutants reveal unexpected role of Lrp5 in osteoclast regulation.
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Khrystoforova I, Shochat-Carvalho C, Harari R, Henke K, Woronowicz K, Harris MP, and Karasik D
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- Animals, Humans, Ligands, Mammals, Matrix Metalloproteinase 9, Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase, Zebrafish genetics, Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Related Protein-5 genetics, Osteoclasts
- Abstract
Low-density Lipoprotein Receptor-related Protein 5 ( LRP5 ) functions as a co-receptor for Wnt ligands, controlling expression of genes involved in osteogenesis. In humans, loss-of-function mutations in LRP5 cause Osteoporosis-Pseudoglioma syndrome, a low bone mass disorder, while gain-of-function missense mutations have been observed in individuals with high bone mass. Zebrafish ( Danio rerio ) is a popular model for human disease research, as genetic determinants that control bone formation are generally conserved between zebrafish and mammals. We generated lrp5- knock-out zebrafish to study its role in skeletogenesis and homeostasis. Loss of lrp5 in zebrafish leads to craniofacial deformities and low bone mineral density (total body and head) at adult ages. To understand the mechanism and consequences of the observed phenotypes, we performed transcriptome analysis of the cranium of adult lrp5 mutants and siblings. Enrichment analysis revealed upregulation of genes significantly associated with hydrolase activity: mmp9, mmp13a, acp5a . acp5a encodes Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) which is commonly used as an osteoclast marker, while Matrix metalloprotease 9, Mmp9, is known to be secreted by osteoclasts and stimulate bone resorption. These genes point to changes in osteoclast differentiation regulated by lrp5 . To analyze these changes functionally, we assessed osteoclast dynamics in mutants and observed increased TRAP staining, significantly larger resorption areas, and developmental skeletal dysmorphologies in the mutant, suggesting higher resorptive activity in the absence of Lrp5 signaling. Our findings support a conserved role of Lrp5 in maintaining bone mineral density and revealed unexpected insights into the function of Lrp5 in bone homeostasis through moderation of osteoclast function., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. The handling editor EK declared a shared committee Consensus statement on bone-microCT measurement standardization with the author DK at the time of review., (Copyright © 2022 Khrystoforova, Shochat-Carvalho, Harari, Henke, Woronowicz, Harris and Karasik.)
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- 2022
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44. Perinatal versus adult loss of ULK1 and ULK2 distinctly influences cardiac autophagy and function.
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Harris MP, Zhang QJ, Cochran CT, Ponce J, Alexander S, Kronemberger A, Fuqua JD, Zhang Y, Fattal R, Harper T, Murry ML, Grueter CE, Abel ED, and Lira VA
- Subjects
- Animals, Autophagy-Related Protein-1 Homolog metabolism, Electron Transport Complex I metabolism, Mice, Mitochondria metabolism, Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases, Autophagy, Microtubule-Associated Proteins metabolism
- Abstract
Impairments in macroautophagy/autophagy, which degrades dysfunctional organelles as well as long-lived and aggregate proteins, are associated with several cardiomyopathies; however, the regulation of cardiac autophagy remains insufficiently understood. In this regard, ULK1 and ULK2 are thought to play primarily redundant roles in autophagy initiation, but whether their function is developmentally determined, potentially having an impact on cardiac integrity and function remains unknown. Here, we demonstrate that perinatal loss of ULK1 or ULK2 in cardiomyocytes (cU1-KO and cU2-KO mice, respectively) enhances basal autophagy without altering autophagy machinery content while preserving cardiac function. This increased basal autophagy is dependent on the remaining ULK protein given that perinatal loss of both ULK1 and ULK2 in cU1/2-DKO mice impaired autophagy causing age-related cardiomyopathy and reduced survival. Conversely, adult loss of cardiac ULK1, but not of ULK2 (i.e., icU1-KO and icU2-KO mice, respectively), led to a rapidly developing cardiomyopathy, heart failure and early death. icU1-KO mice had impaired autophagy with robust deficits in mitochondrial respiration and ATP synthesis. Trehalose ameliorated autophagy impairments in icU1-KO hearts but did not delay cardiac dysfunction suggesting that ULK1 plays other critical, autophagy-independent, functions in the adult heart. Collectively, these results indicate that cardiac ULK1 and ULK2 are functionally redundant in the developing heart, while ULK1 assumes a more unique, prominent role in the adult heart. Abbreviations: ATG4: autophagy related 4, cysteine peptidase; ATG5: autophagy related 5; ATG7: autophagy related 7; ATG9: autophagy related 9; ATG13: autophagy related 13; CYCS: Cytochrome C; DNM1L, dynamin 1-like; MAP1LC3A: microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 alpha; MAP1LC3B: microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 beta; MFN1: mitofusin 1; MFN2: mitofusin 2; MT-CO1: mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase I; MYH: myosin, heavy polypeptide; NBR1: NBR1 autophagy cargo receptor; NDUFA9: NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase subunit A9; OPA1: OPA1, mitochondrial dynamin like GTPase; PPARGC1A, peroxisome proliferator activated receptor, gamma, coactivator 1 alpha; SDHA: succinate dehydrogenase complex, subunit A, flavoprotein (Fp); SQSTM1: sequestosome 1; ULK1: unc-51 like kinase 1; ULK2: unc-51 like kinase 2; UQCRC1: ubiquinol-cytochrome c reductase core protein 1.
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- 2022
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45. Modelling the responses of partially migratory metapopulations to changing seasonal migration rates: From theory to data.
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Payo-Payo A, Acker P, Bocedi G, Travis JMJ, Burthe SJ, Harris MP, Wanless S, Newell M, Daunt F, and Reid JM
- Subjects
- Animal Migration physiology, Animals, Ecosystem, Population Dynamics, Probability, Seasons, Birds physiology, Movement
- Abstract
Among-individual and within-individual variation in expression of seasonal migration versus residence is widespread in nature and could substantially affect the dynamics of partially migratory metapopulations inhabiting seasonally and spatially structured environments. However, such variation has rarely been explicitly incorporated into metapopulation dynamic models for partially migratory systems. We, therefore, lack general frameworks that can identify how variable seasonal movements, and associated season- and location-specific vital rates, can control system persistence. We constructed a novel conceptual framework that captures full-annual-cycle dynamics and key dimensions of metapopulation structure for partially migratory species inhabiting seasonal environments. We conceptualize among-individual variation in seasonal migration as two variable vital rates: seasonal movement probability and associated movement survival probability. We conceptualize three levels of within-individual variation (i.e. plasticity), representing seasonal or annual variation in seasonal migration or lifelong fixed strategies. We formulate these concepts as a general matrix model, which is customizable for diverse life-histories and seasonal landscapes. To illustrate how variable seasonal migration can affect metapopulation growth rate, demographic structure and vital rate elasticities, we parameterize our general models for hypothetical short- and longer-lived species. Analyses illustrate that elasticities of seasonal movement probability and associated survival probability can sometimes equal or exceed those of vital rates typically understood to substantially influence metapopulation dynamics (i.e. seasonal survival probability or fecundity), that elasticities can vary non-linearly, and that metapopulation outcomes depend on the level of within-individual plasticity. We illustrate how our general framework can be applied to evaluate the consequences of variable and changing seasonal movement probability by parameterizing our models for a real partially migratory metapopulation of European shags Gulosus aristotelis assuming lifelong fixed strategies. Given observed conditions, metapopulation growth rate was most elastic to breeding season adult survival of the resident fraction in the dominant population. However, given doubled seasonal movement probability, variation in survival during movement would become the primary driver of metapopulation dynamics. Our general conceptual and matrix model frameworks, and illustrative analyses, thereby highlight complex ways in which structured variation in seasonal migration can influence dynamics of partially migratory metapopulations, and pave the way for diverse future theoretical and empirical advances., (© 2022 The Authors. Journal of Animal Ecology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of British Ecological Society.)
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- 2022
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46. Resolving primary pathomechanisms driving idiopathic-like spinal curvature using a new katnb1 scoliosis model.
- Author
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Meyer-Miner A, Van Gennip JLM, Henke K, Harris MP, and Ciruna B
- Abstract
Idiopathic scoliosis (IS) refers to abnormal spinal curvatures that occur in the absence of vertebral or neuromuscular defects. IS accounts for 80% of human spinal deformity, afflicts ∼3% of children worldwide, yet pathogenic mechanisms are poorly understood. A key role for cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) homeostasis in zebrafish spine development has been identified. Specifically, defects in cilia motility of brain ependymal cells (EC), CSF flow, and/or Reissner fiber (RF) assembly are observed to induce neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, abnormal CSF-contacting neuron activity, and urotensin peptide expression, all associating with scoliosis. However, the functional relevance of these observations to IS remains unclear. Here we characterize zebrafish katnb1 mutants as a new IS model. We define essential roles for Katnb1 in motile ciliated lineages, uncouple EC cilia and RF formation defects from spinal curvature, and identify abnormal CSF flow and cell stress responses as shared pathogenic signatures associated with scoliosis across diverse zebrafish models., Competing Interests: The authors declare no competing interests., (© 2022 The Author(s).)
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- 2022
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47. Exercise during weight loss improves hepatic mitophagy.
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Rosa-Caldwell ME, Poole KE, Seija A, Harris MP, Greene NP, and Wooten JS
- Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has recently become a public health concern concurrent with the obesity crisis. Previous work has shown aberrant mitochondrial content/quality and autophagy in models of NAFLD, whereas exercise is known to improve these derangements. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of different weight-loss modalities on hepatic mitochondrial content, autophagy and mitophagy in NAFLD. Forty-eight male C57BL/6J mice were divided into 1 of 4 groups: low fat diet (LFD, 10% fat, 18 weeks), high fat diet (HFD, 60% fat diet, 18 weeks), weight-loss by diet (D, 60% fat diet for 10 weeks then 10% fat diet for 8 weeks) or weight-loss by diet and physical activity (D/PA, 60% fat diet for 10 weeks, then 10% fat diet plus a running wheel for 8 weeks). Immunoblot data were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with significance denoted at p < 0.05. COX-IV protein contents were approximately 50% less in HFD compared to LFD. D/PA had 50% more BNIP3 compared to HFD. PINK1 content was 40% higher in D and D/PA compared to LFD. P-PARKIN/PARKIN levels were 40% lower in HFD, D, and D/PA compared to LFD. Whereas p-Ub
Ser65 was 3-fold higher in HFD. LC3II/I ratio was 50% greater in HFD and D/PA, yet p62 protein content was 2.5 fold higher in HFD. High-fat diet causes disruptions in markers of mitochondrial quality control. Physical activity combined with diet were able to ameliorate these derangements and seemingly improve hepatic mitochondrial quality above control values., Competing Interests: The authors declare no financial or other conflicts of interest that could influence the interpretations of this work., (© 2022 Chengdu Sport University. Publishing services by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of KeAi Communications Co. Ltd.)- Published
- 2022
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48. Men's attitudes toward mask-wearing during COVID-19: Understanding the complexities of mask-ulinity.
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Mahalik JR, Bianca MD, and Harris MP
- Subjects
- Attitude, Humans, Male, Masculinity, Men, Men's Health, Social Behavior, COVID-19 prevention & control
- Abstract
Path analyses indicated that the relationship between conformity to masculine norms (CMN) and attitudes toward mask-wearing to protect from COVID-19 was mediated by perceived benefits, perceived barriers, confidence in the scientific community, and empathy toward vulnerable persons, and that political ideology moderated the indirect effects from CMN to men's attitudes. Efforts to improve men's participation in combatting COVID-19 should address the perceptions and attitudes related to conforming to traditional masculine norms and moderated by political ideology, and might reconstruct masculinity to focus on being a guardian and protector of public health.
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- 2022
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49. Site-dependent regulation of breeding success: Evidence for the buffer effect in the common guillemot, a colonially breeding seabird.
- Author
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Bennett S, Wanless S, Harris MP, Newell MA, Searle K, Green JA, and Daunt F
- Subjects
- Animals, Ecosystem, Population Density, Charadriiformes physiology
- Abstract
Density-dependent regulation can offer resilience to wild populations experiencing fluctuations in environmental conditions because, at lower population sizes, the average quality of habitats or resources is predicted to increase. Site-dependent regulation is a mechanism whereby individuals breed at the highest quality, most successful, sites, leaving poorer quality, less successful sites vacant. As population size increases, higher quality sites become limiting but when populations decline, lower quality sites are vacated first, offering resilience. This process is known as the 'buffer effect'. However, few studies have tested whether such regulation operates in populations experiencing changes in size and trend. We used data from a population of common guillemots Uria aalge, a colonially breeding seabird, to investigate the relationship between site occupancy probability, site quality and population size and trend. These data were collected at five sub-colonies spanning a 38-year period (1981-2018) comprising phases of population increase, decrease and recovery. We first tested whether site quality and population size in sub-colonies explained which sites were occupied for breeding, and if this was robust to changes in sub-colony trend. We then investigated whether disproportionate use of higher quality sites drove average site quality and breeding success across sub-colony sizes and trends. Finally, we tested whether individuals consistently occupied higher quality sites during periods of decline and recovery. Higher quality sites were disproportionality used when sub-colony size was smaller, resulting in higher average site quality and breeding success at lower population sizes. This relationship was unaffected by changes in sub-colony trend. However, contrary to the predictions of the buffer effect, new sites were established at a similar rate to historically occupied sites during sub-colony decline and recovery despite being of lower quality. Our results provide support for the buffer effect conferring resilience to populations, such that average breeding success was consistently higher at lower population size during all phases of population change. However, this process was tempered by the continued establishment of new, lower quality, sites which could act to slow population recovery after periods when colony size was low., (© 2022 The Authors. Journal of Animal Ecology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of British Ecological Society.)
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- 2022
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50. The effects of voluntary wheel running during weight-loss on biomarkers of hepatic lipid metabolism and inflammation in C57Bl/6J mice.
- Author
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Wooten JS, Poole KE, Harris MP, Guilford BL, Schaller ML, Umbaugh D, and Seija A
- Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of voluntary wheel running (VWR) during weight-loss on hepatic lipid and inflammatory biomarkers using a murine model. To induce obesity, male C57Bl/6 mice were fed a 60% high-fat diet (HF) for 10 weeks. At 10 weeks, weight-loss was promoted by randomizing HF-fed mice to a normal diet (ND) either with (WL + VWR) or without (WL) access to running wheels for 8 weeks. Age-matched dietary control mice were fed either a ND or HF for 18 weeks. Following weight-loss, WL + VWR had a lower body mass compared to all groups despite an average weekly caloric consumption comparable to HF mice. WL + VWR had an increased adiponectin concentration when compared to WL, but no difference between WL and WL + VWR was observed for plasma glucose and lipid biomarkers. When compared to HF, the lower hepatic total lipids in both WL and WL + VWR were associated with increased pAMPK:AMPK and reduced pACC-1:ACC-1 ratios. When compared to WL, WL + VWR resulted in lower hepatic cholesterol and trended to lower hepatic triglyceride. In both WL and WL + VWR, pNF-κB p65:NF-κB p65 ratio was lower than HF and comparable to ND. TGFβ1 and BAMBI protein levels were evaluated as biomarkers for hepatic fibrosis. No differences in TGFβ1 was observed between groups; however, WL and WL + VWR had BAMBI protein levels comparable to ND. Overall, the addition of voluntary exercise resulted in greater weight-loss and improvements in hepatic cholesterol and triglyceride levels; however, limited improvements in hepatic inflammation were observed when compared to weight-loss by diet alone., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Published by Elsevier B.V.)
- Published
- 2022
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