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How to consider the impact of load substitution on user-side participating in multi-energy trading on system operation when configuring multi-type energy storage (MES) is an urgent problem that needs to be solved to improve the economics and energy efficiency of the integrated energy systems (IES). This paper presents an optimal configuration method of MES considering multi-energy trading with load substitution based on the characteristics of different energy supply seasons. Firstly, the multi-energy trading framework and MES configuration principle are proposed based on the structure of the IES. Secondly, a MES optimal configuration model for IES considering multi-energy trading with load substitution is established, then the IES trading strategies and MES planning schemes are solved. Finally, the proposed method is verified by an example. The results show that the proposed method reduces the MES configuration cost by 8.9%. It can be seen that the MES configuration method proposed in this paper is helpful to repair the limitations of energy storage configuration research in IES and improve the economic benefits of the system.

The integrated energy system is the main physical carrier of the energy Internet. Planning is the leading link of its application, which directly affects the necessity and economy of the construction of the project. Firstly, the basic process of integrated energy planning is summarized. Then, three application challenges faced by urban integrated energy system planning are summarized from the perspective of engineering application: integrated energy system refinement modelling, multi-energy load integrated prediction, and expansion of planning boundaries. The corresponding strategies are given for the above challenges, and the development of integrated energy system planning and application is prospected, which provides reference for the staff engaged in urban integrated energy system planning and related investors.

Study on large-scale electrochemical energy storage simulation is carried out in this paper to discuss its feasibility in enhancing the stability of HVDC power transmission, thus providing a reference for large-scale energy storage planning and design in the background of global energy internet. The paper introduces the development status quo of the large-scale energy storage technology, and provides an analysis of the active and inactive power features after HVDC commutation failure by establishing a large-scale energy storage model and a HVDC power transmission system commutation failure model, thereby exploring the configuration feasibility of the large-scale energy storage technology; Then, a simulation analysis is given on the effect of large-scale energy storage on HVDC power transmission fault features; Finally, a prospect was expected towards the application tendency of large-scale energy storage in global energy internet.

Background: The mechanisms underlying heat stroke (HS)-induced hippocampal injury remain unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the HS-induced metabonomics of hippocampal and cerebellar transmitters., Methods: The HS model was established with male Sprague-Dawley rats subjected to heat exposure of up to 42 °C at a humidity of (55.0±5.0)%. The hippocampal and cerebellar transmitters and metabolites of rats were tested via ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). The primary transmitters and metabolites were identified by principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal partial least square-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA). The major metabolic pathways for HS were selected after enrichment. The brain injury was evaluated by histological tests., Results: HS induced hippocampal and cerebellar injuries in rats. HS upregulated the protein levels of hippocampal glutamate, glutamine, gamma-aminobutyric acid, L-tryptophan (Trp), 5-hydroxy-indoleacetic acid, and kynurenine; however, it downregulated asparagine, tryptamine, 5-hydroxytryptophan, melatonin, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA), and vanillylmandelic acid. HS also sharply elevated the protein levels of cerebellar methionine and Trp, and decreased the levels of serotonin, L-alanine, L-asparagine, L-aspartate, cysteine, norepinephrine, spermine, spermidine, and tyrosine. Hippocampal glutamate, monoamine transmitters, cerebellar aspartate acid, and catecholamine transmitters' metabolic pathways were identified as the main metablic pathways in HS., Conclusion: The hippocampus and cerebellum were injured in rats with HS, possibly induced the disorder of hippocampal glutamate and serotonin metabolism, cerebellar aspartate acid and catecholamine transmitter metabolism, and related metabolic pathways., Competing Interests: Conflicts of interest: The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest., (Copyright: © World Journal of Emergency Medicine.)