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179 results on '"Hopkins, David P."'

5. Biogeographic survey of soil bacterial communities across Antarctica

Author

Varliero, Gilda, Lebre, Pedro H., Adams, Byron, Chown, Steven L., Convey, Peter, Dennis, Paul G., Fan, Dandan, Ferrari, Belinda, Frey, Beat, Hogg, Ian D., Hopkins, David W., Kong, Weidong, Makhalanyane, Thulani, Matcher, Gwynneth, Newsham, Kevin K., Stevens, Mark I., Weigh, Katherine V., and Cowan, Don A.

Published
2024
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11. Surréalisme.

Author

HOPKINS, DAVID

Abstract

The article reviews the painting exhibition "Surréalisme," featuring works by various artists including Marcel Jean, André Masson, Max Ernst and Óscar Dominguez, at the Centre Pompidou in Paris, France from September 4, 2024 to January 13, 2025.

Published
2025

15. Seven Strong Claims about Successful School Leadership Revisited

Author

Leithwood, Kenneth, Harris, Alma, and Hopkins, David

Abstract

In 2008, the authors published an article in this journal entitled "Seven Strong Claims about Successful School Leadership" (Leithwood, Harris, and Hopkins 2008). The article was based on a major literature review that was summarised in a paper published by the National College for School Leadership in England. Both the National College paper and their subsequent article proved to be far more popular than they anticipated and both have been extensively cited over the past 10 years. This article revisits each of the seven claims, summarising what was said about each in the original publications, weighing each of the claims considering recent empirical evidence, and proposing revisions or refinements as warranted.

Published
2020
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20. Consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic for patients with metabolic diseases

Author

Bornstein, Stefan R., Rubino, Francesco, Ludwig, Barbara, Rietzsch, Hannes, Schwarz, Peter E. H., Rodionov, Roman N., Khunti, Kamlesh, Hopkins, David, Birkenfeld, Andreas L., Boehm, Bernhard, Amiel, Stephanie, Holt, Richard I. G., Skyler, Jay S., DeVries, J. Hans, Renard, Eric, Eckel, Robert H., Zimmet, Paul, Alberti, K. G., Geloneze, Bruno, Chan, Juliana C., Mbanya, Jean Claude, Onyegbutulem, Henry C., Ramachandran, Ambady, Basit, Abdul, Hassanein, Mohamed, Spinas, Giatgen A., Beuschlein, Felix, and Mingrone, Geltrude

Published
2021
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21. Taxonomic and Functional Diversity of Soil and Hypolithic Microbial Communities in Miers Valley, McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica

Author

Wei, Sean TS, Lacap-Bugler, Donnabella C, Lau, Maggie CY, Caruso, Tancredi, Rao, Subramanya, de los Rios, Asunción, Archer, Stephen K, Chiu, Jill MY, Higgins, Colleen, Van Nostrand, Joy D, Zhou, Jizhong, Hopkins, David W, and Pointing, Stephen B

Subjects
Microbiology, Biological Sciences, Ecology, Antarctica, cyanobacteria, Dry Valleys, Geochip, hypolith, soil, Environmental Science and Management, Soil Sciences, Medical microbiology
Abstract

The McMurdo Dry Valleys of Antarctica are an extreme polar desert. Mineral soils support subsurface microbial communities and translucent rocks support development of hypolithic communities on ventral surfaces in soil contact. Despite significant research attention, relatively little is known about taxonomic and functional diversity or their inter-relationships. Here we report a combined diversity and functional interrogation for soil and hypoliths of the Miers Valley in the McMurdo Dry Valleys of Antarctica. The study employed 16S rRNA fingerprinting and high throughput sequencing combined with the GeoChip functional microarray. The soil community was revealed as a highly diverse reservoir of bacterial diversity dominated by actinobacteria. Hypolithic communities were less diverse and dominated by cyanobacteria. Major differences in putative functionality were that soil communities displayed greater diversity in stress tolerance and recalcitrant substrate utilization pathways, whilst hypolithic communities supported greater diversity of nutrient limitation adaptation pathways. A relatively high level of functional redundancy in both soil and hypoliths may indicate adaptation of these communities to fluctuating environmental conditions.

Published
2016

31. Genetic variation within a stick-insect species associated with community-level traits.

Author

Sinclair-Waters, Marion, Zamorano, Laura S, Gompert, Zachariah, Parchman, Tom, Tyukmaeva, Venera, Hopkins, David P, and Nosil, Patrik

Subjects
PHASMIDA, GENETIC variation, GENOME-wide association studies, ECOSYSTEM dynamics, PHENOTYPIC plasticity
Abstract

Phenotypic variation within species can affect the ecological dynamics of populations and communities. Characterizing the genetic variation underlying such effects can help parse the roles of genetic evolution and plasticity in "eco-evolutionary dynamics" and inform how genetic variation may shape patterns of evolution. Here, we employ genome-wide association (GWA) methods in Timema cristinae stick insects and their co-occurring arthropod communities to identify genetic variation associated with community-level traits. Previous studies have shown that maladaptation (i.e. imperfect crypsis) of T. cristinae can reduce the abundance and species richness of other arthropods due to an increase in bird predation. Whether genetic variation that is independent of crypsis has similar effects is unknown and was tested here using genome-wide genotyping-by-sequencing data of stick insects, arthropod community information, and GWA mapping with Bayesian sparse linear mixed models. We find associations between genetic variation in stick insects and arthropod community traits. However, these associations disappear when host-plant traits are accounted for. We thus use path analysis to disentangle interrelationships among stick-insect genetic variation, host-plant traits, and community traits. This revealed that host-plant size has large effects on arthropod communities, while genetic variation in stick insects has a smaller, but still significant effect. Our findings demonstrate that (1) genetic variation in a species can be associated with community-level traits but that (2) interrelationships among multiple factors may need to be analyzed to disentangle whether such associations represent causal relationships. This work helps to build a framework for genomic studies of eco-evolutionary dynamics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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45. Biotic interactions are an unexpected yet critical control on the complexity of an abiotically driven polar ecosystem

Author

Lee, Charles K., Laughlin, Daniel C., Bottos, Eric M., Caruso, Tancredi, Joy, Kurt, Barrett, John E., Brabyn, Lars, Nielsen, Uffe N., Adams, Byron J., Wall, Diana H., Hopkins, David W., Pointing, Stephen B., McDonald, Ian R., Cowan, Don A., Banks, Jonathan C., Stichbury, Glen A., Jones, Irfon, Zawar-Reza, Peyman, Katurji, Marwan, Hogg, Ian D., Sparrow, Ashley D., Storey, Bryan C., Allan Green, T. G., and Cary, S. Craig

Published
2019
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47. Effect of socioeconomic deprivation as determined by the English deprivation deciles on the progression of diabetic retinopathy and maculopathy: a multivariate case–control analysis of 88 910 patients attending a South-East London diabetic eye screening service

Author

Giannakis, Periklis, Nderitu, Paul, Nunez do Rio, Joan M, Webster, Laura, Mann, Samantha, Hopkins, David, Cardoso, Manuel Jorge, Modat, Marc, Bergeles, Christos, and Jackson, Timothy L

Abstract

PurposeTo determine associations between deprivation using the Index of Multiple Deprivation (IMD and individual IMD subdomains) with incident referable diabetic retinopathy/maculopathy (termed rDR).MethodsAnonymised demographic and screening data collected by the South-East London Diabetic Eye Screening Programme were extracted from September 2013 to December 2019. Multivariable Cox proportional models were used to explore the association between the IMD, IMD subdomains and rDR.ResultsFrom 118 508 people with diabetes who attended during the study period, 88 910 (75%) were eligible. The mean (± SD) age was 59.6 (±14.7) years; 53.94% were male, 52.58% identified as white, 94.28% had type 2 diabetes and the average duration of diabetes was 5.81 (±6.9) years; rDR occurred in 7113 patients (8.00%). Known risk factors of younger age, Black ethnicity, type 2 diabetes, more severe baseline DR and diabetes duration conferred a higher risk of incident rDR. After adjusting for these known risk factors, the multivariable analysis did not show a significant association between IMD (decile 1 vs decile 10) and rDR (HR: 1.08, 95% CI: 0.87 to 1.34, p=0.511). However, high deprivation (decile 1) in three IMD subdomains was associated with rDR, namely living environment (HR: 1.64, 95% CI: 1.12 to 2.41, p=0.011), education skills (HR: 1.64, 95% CI: 1.12 to 2.41, p=0.011) and income (HR: 1.19, 95% CI: 1.02 to 1.38, p=0.024).ConclusionIMD subdomains allow for the detection of associations between aspects of deprivation and rDR, which may be missed when using the aggregate IMD. The generalisation of these findings outside the UK population requires corroboration internationally.

Published
2024
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