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The significance of Islamic religious education in shaping children's character is paramount in contemporary society. This study aims to explore the transformative impact of Islamic education on children's moral and spiritual development, utilizing a comprehensive analysis that integrates psychological and spiritual perspectives. A mixed-method approach combining literature review and empirical research elucidates how Islamic education fosters moral reasoning, empathy, and self-regulation among children while nurturing a profound spiritual connection and inner transformation. Here are the steps: 1) Literature Review: Start by compiling a comprehensive literature review about the importance of Islamic religious education in forming children's character. Please focus on the psychological theories that support this argument and their relationship to aspects of spirituality. 2) Empirical Research: conducting empirical research to support the claim. Use appropriate research methods such as surveys, interviews, or observations to collect relevant data from respondents from various backgrounds and ages. The findings underscore the holistic nature of Islamic education in equipping children with the ethical fortitude, emotional resilience, and spiritual consciousness necessary to navigate life's challenges with integrity and purpose. Our research findings demonstrate how Islamic education fosters moral reasoning, empathy, and self-regulation among children while nurturing a deep sense of spiritual connection and inner transformation. By integrating psychological insights with spiritual teachings, Islamic education offers a holistic approach to character development, equipping children with the ethical fortitude, emotional resilience, and spiritual consciousness necessary to navigate life's challenges with integrity and purpose.

This study aims to study the factors that influence the Professionalism and Ethical Behavior of Auditors at BPKP North Sumatra and produce a model of Mediation of Professionalism on the Influence of Moral Intensity and Religiosity on Auditor Ethical Behavior at BPKP North Sumatra. This research is basic (basic research). The strategy employs a quantitative approach. The sample includes all BPKP North Sumatra internal auditors. Using a technique called "saturated sampling," criteria from all internal auditors were used as samples. One hundred forty-three internal auditors were chosen as the final sample. The method used is Partial Least Square (PLS). The results showed that moral intensity has a positive effect on internal auditor professionalism, religiosity has a positive effect on internal auditor professionalism, moral intensity has a positive effect on ethical decision making, religiosity has a positive effect on ethical decision making, Internal Auditor professionalism has a positive effect on ethical decision making, the moral intensity does not have a significant effect on ethical decision making through Internal Auditor Professionalism and religiosity does not have a significant effect on ethical decision making through Internal Auditor Professionalism

For students, the Merdeka curriculum has the potential to provide relevant learning opportunities in line with PjBL objectives. The research in this paper provides further explanation of how the PjBL model plays a role in IPAS learning subjects and the idea of Merdeka curriculum that emphasizes projects. Case study research is a type of study conducted in this paper. The research uses a qualitative methodology. The steps are observation, interviews, and documentation are used as a data collection approach. During the observation, observations come from observations and initial conditions. Grade IV and V teachers are interviewed and so are grade IV and V students. The information was the data collected from published literature. Data from triangulation and validity tests are used to validate the findings. The research results at Muhamadiyah Mujahidin Elementary School on the use of Project Based Learning on the IPAS learning material content in the independent curriculum reveal that six PjBL syntaxes consist of project determination, design of project completion steps, preparation of project implementation schedule, project completion with facilities and teacher monitoring, preparation of reports and presentations or publication of project results, and evaluation process and project outcomes. The use of PjBL through its syntax at SD Muhamadiyah Mujahidin indicates the regularity of students and teachers in following this PjBL syntax. In order to implement project-based learning methods successfully, it is relevant to the findings of the six phases. Students who actively participate in this co-curricular activity tend to be inspired more by the implementation of the PjBL model, which allows the fulfillment of other appropriate requirements besides cognitive activities.

Research indicates that learning motivation is crucial to determine a successful learning process for students. In fact, the reality in the research field, students' motivation for Natural Science learning subjects in elementary schools is still lacking. The researcher will subsequently apply or examine the learning models. The research is conducted to explain whether the implementation of web-based e-learning in thematic learning, especially Natural Science learning subjects, can build students' learning motivation or not. The research location was conducted at Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Plus Nur Rahma in Bengkulu. The time of conducting the research is the even semester in the academic year 2021/2022. The method used is a qualitative approach. Data collection is direct interview and documentation techniques. The research results imply that implementing an e-learning model can increase students' learning motivation. The implication of the research is that teachers or thematic learning for Natural Science learning subjects in elementary schools are recommended to utilize this web-based e-learning learning model.

Mycobacterium Tuberculosis can survive in the air, with its ability depending on environmental factors such as Ultraviolet (UV) light. UV light can be generated from sunlight or UV-C lamps, which are utilized for air germ sterilization. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of room sterilization using a UV lamp in reducing airborne germ counts. This experimental research took place from March to September 2023 and employed a one-group pretest-posttest design. The research was carried out in 21 houses of tuberculosis patients in Kupang City. The intervention involved the use of 16-watt and 20-watt UV lamps in two rooms of each house. The variable measured was the airborne germ count, assessed by examining the Most Probable Number (MPN) coliforms, both before and after sterilization (UV light irradiation), calculated through laboratory examination. The collected germ count data were then statistically analyzed using the paired t-test. Room sterilization using a 16W UV lamp effectively reduced the number of room germs (p-value 0.046 < 0.05). Similarly, room sterilization with a 20W lamp significantly reduced the number of room germs in the households of tuberculosis patients (p 0.004 < 0.005). Ultraviolet lamps can be employed for sterilizing rooms in the homes of tuberculosis patients, particularly in cases where sunlight cannot penetrate the house. These lamps can eliminate airborne germs, thereby reducing their count and the risk of disease transmission within the household.

Perception is a mental process that occurs in humans that will show how we see, hear, feel, give, and feel around us. Patients' positive and negative self-perceptions are internal factors that significantly affect the healing process. Chronic filariasis patients experience a decline in physical condition, which becomes a mental burden for the patients and their families. Patients may experience negative stigma from their family and surrounding community. Some communities still believe in myths, supernatural powers, and magic, and patients suffer illness due to their evil deeds or that they have violated cultural norms that were passed down from generation to generation. How patients perceive themselves, their environment, and their families are rarely studied, though this information is essential to elucidate their needs. Kodi Balaghar subdistrict in the Southwest Sumba regency, East Nusa Tenggara, still has many filariasis cases. This study aimed to know the self-perception of filariasis patients in the Kodi Balaghar subdistrict, Southwest Sumba regency. We have selected ten patients to collect answers regarding self-perception from March to May 2021. The results of our study showed that respondents perceive themselves more negatively to both themselves and their families. We conclude that emotional and spiritual support from family, community, religious leaders, and medical personnel are critical to building self-confidence, life expectancy, enthusiasm, and fighting power to survive and undergo treatment for the disease.

The purpose of this study was to describe the school's efforts to facilitate the development of social intelligence based on multicultural values in elementary school students, using a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. , where data collection is done through observation, interviews and documentation. The validity of the data was checked using the triangulation technique and then analyzed using the content analysis technique. The results of the study show that the strategy for developing social intelligence can be carried out on the basis of multicultural values in Goleman's perspective which includes 4 aspects, namely: 1) The most important strategy of empathy with the value of tolerance, 2) The strategy of adjustment or adaptation to democratic values. 3) Strategies with the right sense of empathy with the value of equality 4) Strategies through social awareness with habit. Based on these four aspects, it can be concluded that through the theory of social intelligence from a multicultural perspective, several school strategies are obtained through habituation, namely: greeting the teacher when in front, visiting sick people, queuing when in the canteen, practicing distributing qurbani meat, facilitating students to celebrate religious activities and not doing verbal and non-verbal bullying. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan tentang upaya sekolah dalam memfasilitasi perkembangan kecerdasan sosial berbasis nilai-nilai multikultural pada peserta didik di sekolah dasar, menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. , dimana pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Keabsahan data diperiksa menggunakan teknik triangulasi kemudian dianalisis dengan teknik analisis isi (content analysis). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa strategi pengembangan kecerdasan sosial dapat dilakukan dengan basis nilai-nilai multikultural dalam persepektif Goleman yang meliputi 4 aspek, yaitu (1) strategi tentang empati terpenting dengan nilai toleransi, (2) strategi penyesuaian atau adaptasi dengan nilai demokrasi, (3) strategi dengan rasa empati yang tepat dengan nilai kesetaraan, (4) strategi melalui kesadaran sosial dengan pembiasaan. Berdasarkan keempat aspek tersebut maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa melalui teori kecerdasan sosial persepektif multikultural diperoleh beberapa strategi sekolah melalui pembiasaan yaitu: Menyalami guru ketika didepan, menjenguk orang yang sakit, mengantri ketika dikantin, latihan membagikan daging kurban, memfasilitasi siswa untuk merayakan kegiatan keagamaan dan tidak melakukan bulliying verbal maupun non verbal.

This study aims to assess the appropriateness of learning resources produced with the use of independent, curriculum-based R&D research. This study falls within the qualitative research category since it makes use of phenomenological methods. The data in this study were examined using the data analysis technique known as the systematic literature review, or SLR (SLR). By employing a systematic literature review strategy, where each step is outlined, researchers may methodically scan reviews and locate articles. Researchers must gather and then filter journal articles from Google Scholar, SINTA, DOAJ, and Scopus in order to finish the study. The articles are then gathered and archived between 2021 and 2022 using the year of publication criterion. 216 articles that are closely linked to the keywords used were chosen by the researchers from a range of publications. The researcher's next step is to gather research and development-related papers as part of a research plan to provide educational materials for a self-contained curriculum. The results of this study are utilized to develop the final conclusions of 15 journal articles that may be employed in an autonomous curriculum for learning at the primary school level. 15 educational resource articles are created using the ADDIE paradigm. Video animations, interactive PowerPoint slide shows, comic books, Macro Media Flash, Android applications, and Articulate Storylines are just a few of the eight various instructional media forms that may be used

Lemongrass is a plant that produces essential oils, which contain citronellal, citronellol, and geraniol. These compounds are known to be used as antimicrobials and antioxidants. Nanotechnology is one of the technological innovations that can be used as a medium for sending non-polar active components, such as essential oils. The research was to study the effect of citronella oil concentration, surfactant-cosurfactant ratio, and speed of homogenization on the characteristics of citronella oil nanoemulsion. The research was designed using the Factorial Completely Randomized Design, which consisted of 3 factors. The first factor was the concentration of citronella oil (M1 = 2.5%, M2 = 5%, and M3 = 7.5%). The second factor was the surfactant-cosurfactant ratio (S1 = 1:0, S2 = 3:2, and S3 = 2:3), and the third factor was the homogenization speed (K1 = 6000 rpm and K2 = 12000 rpm). The evaluation research outcome included pH, viscosity, stability, antimicrobial activity, and antioxidant activity. The results showed that the pH value was 4.39 to 5.03 and the viscosity value was 1.00 to 1.28 cP. The resulting nanoemulsion showed no phase separation for 10 days of storage at room temperature. The antimicrobial activity was 6.07 to 6.65 mm. The antioxidant activity of citronella oil nanoemulsion ranged from 74.60-86.73%. Increasing the concentration of citronella oil increased the value of pH, viscosity, antimicrobial activity and antioxidant activity. The highest antimicrobial activity was obtained at the surfactant:cosurfactant ratio (3:2). The antimicrobial activity of the nanoemulsion homogenized at a speed of 12,000 rpm was higher than that of the nanoemulsion homogenized at a speed of 6,000 rpm (P

The Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR) in language learning is incredibly beneficial to language learners, language teachers, and educational institutions. However, the implementation of CEFR does not appear to be comprehensive, one of which is due to the weakness empirical research on CEFR and various other factors. Therefore, this research aims to provide a comprehensive information regarding the extent to which CEFR studies in Indonesia have been carried out and various challenges in implementing CEFR in Indonesia. This research is a systematic review with the object of study are articles published in scientific journals during 2011—2021. This systematic review found surprising results where from 2011-2015, there was not found a single study on CEFR in Indonesia. The peak of articles publication on CEFR in Indonesia occurred in 2020, with a total publication of 15 articles. Other findings show that English is the dominant target language in CEFR studies in Indonesia. The challenges and problems of implementing CEFR in Indonesia are generally divided into three, challenges and problems related to educational institutions, teachers and CEFR itself.

Chicken slaughterhouses play an essential role in producing halal chicken. In previous study, only nine halal-certified chicken slaughterhouses in Banda Aceh. This study determined the effect of halal-certified slaughterhouses and storage time on broiler chicken meat’s microbiology and organoleptic quality. This study uses a factorial randomized block design with two factors (halal-certified slaughterhouses (the slaughterhouse which already has a halal certificate (S1) and the slaughterhouse which has not yet halal certified (S2) and storage time (0 hours (P1), 3 hours (P2), 6 hours (P3), and 9 hours (P4)). Each treatment repeats three times. Data were statistically analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and continued with Duncan’s New Multiple Range Test (DNMRT) at a 5% level. Samples were analyzed for total plate counts (TPC), pH, and descriptive organoleptic tests of meat color, aroma, moisture, elasticity, and skin color. The results showed that the quality of meat from chickens slaughtered at halal-certified slaughterhouses was better than that of not halal-certified slaughterhouses in terms of lower microbial number and pH value, as well as the higher value of descriptive organoleptic characteristics (meat color, aroma, elasticity, and skin color). There is no difference found in meat moisture.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pengelolaan kelas terhadap efektivitas pembelajaran di SMKN I Kendari. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif korelasional dengan desain ex post facto. Total sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah peserta didik di SMKN 1 Kendari yang berjumlah 1397 orang. Penentuan besarnya sampel pada setiap kelas dilakukan secara proporsional dengan menggunakan rumus slovin pada presis 10% segingga diperoleh jumlah sampel 100 orang, sedangkan teknik penarikan sampel pada setiap kelas dilakukan secara acak/ random sampling. Data penelitian diperoleh melalui: angket/kusioner dan dokumentasi. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa pengelolaan kelas berpengaruh signifikan terhadap efektivitas pembelajaran di SMKN 1 Kendari. Kemudian koefisien regresi sebesar 0,586 dengan arah postifi (searah) yang berarti semakin meningkat pengelolaan kelas maka meningkat pula efektivitas pembelajaran. Selanjutnya dapat pula dibuktikan dengan nilai koefisien determinasi (R²) = 0,519 yang artinya keragaman variabel efektivitas pembelajaran dapat dijelaskan oleh model sebesar 51,9% dan sisanya dapat dijelaskan oleh variabel lain diluar model penelitian ini Kata Kunci : Pengelolaan Kelas; Efektivitas Pembelajaran

Potato is a horticultural product which is easily damaged so that it needs to be handled properly or further processed. One of them is to process it into flour. Potato flour is one of the recommended alternatives to semifinished products because of its longer shelf life, ease of use and rich in nutrients. One of the problems that often occurs in the manufacture of potato flour is the occurrence of browning. To prevent this, soak in citric acid. Citric acid is an anti browning agent that functions as chelating agent and is able to lower the pH below the optimum so that the enzyme is denatured and it safer to use than other anti browning substances. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of potato type and citric acid concentration on the quality of potato flour based on yield, moisture content, ash content, starch content and flour brightness. Potato flour was made from three types of potato, namely yellow-, white- and red potatoes and these potatoes were immersed in different concentrations of citric acid solution, namely 0,5%, 1% and 1,5%. This study used a factorial completely randomized design with two treatments and three replications. The best result for making potato flour is from the interaction of K2A3 (raw material of white potato type and 1,5% citric acid solution) because it produces highest yield and best brightness of potato flour, as well as lower water and ash contents. K2A3 potato flour meets the standard set by the Directorate of Nutrition of the Ministry of Health the Republic of Indonesia.

The process of implementing Natural Science Learning (IPA) is often said to be a difficult subject so that the decline in student interest in the subject (IPA) can be seen when the student learning process is more passive during learning. The method that is commonly applied is in the form of a lecture method so that the results of the students are more willing to listen during the learning process. The purpose of this study is to determine the implementation of science learning using Computer Based Intruction through a simulation model. The type of research used in this study is qualitative research. Data collection techniques in this study using interviews and documentation. The results of this study describe that at MI Ma'arif Darussalam Plaosan has applied science learning using Computer Based Instuction through a simulation model, namely utilizing visual media in teacher learning has provided more concrete and real learning in learning with the help of visual media. supported by student responses and responses that are very enthusiastic about the learning that is applied, namely based on Computer Based Intruction experienced by students, this has succeeded in supporting student activity. In the simulation model, there are four roles of the teacher, namely: first a teacher explains, second as an intermediary, third as a coach and fourth as a discussion. This simulation learning is four stages which are the stages of orientation, training, simulation and debriefing

Maluku Utara termasuk dalam kategori terdepan, tertinggal, dan terluar yang biasanya disingkat dengan Daerah 3T, dimana wilayah tersebut terkena dengan kondisi geografis serta social ekonominya yang kurang baik. Dan hal tersebut ternyata mempengaruhi system Pendidikan khususnya pembinaan keagamaan,yang salah satu sub bagiannya adalah pembinaan baca tulis al-Qur’an. Seiring berjalannya waktu, perkembangan metode baca tulis al-Qur’an telah mengalami perkembangan yang pesat tanpa terkecuali di provinsi maluku Utara. Misalnya metode Baghdadi, Qiro’ati, Ummi, Iqro’, dan Metode Qiro’ah. Sebagai salah satu metode yang lahir dari timur Indonesia, yakni Makassar, metode Qiro’ah bisa menjadi pilihan untuk penguatan literasi Al-Qur’an dengan cara belajar santri super aktif (CBSSA), khususnya para Instruktur baca tulis al-Qur’an yang ada di Kota Bacan Halmahera Selatan. Tujuan dari kegiatan ini adalah untuk penguatan metode pengajaran Al-Qur’an bagi para Instruktur yang ada di Kota bacan Halmahera selatan melalui penggunaan buku qiro’ah. Metode kegiatan dilakukan melalui participation action research dengan tim pengabdi bertindak sebagai pendamping untuk penerapan metode qiro’ah. Hasil kegiatan melalui pola pembinaan literasi Al-Qur’an secara terstruktur dan sistematis, mulai dari penentuan mitra dampingan, pendampingan, pengaplikasian metode qiro’ah dan monitoring. Pola pembinaan mengacu pada pola dasar pengaplikasian metode qiro’ah yaitu 4M dan 7D. 4D sebagai penguasaan huruf hijaiyah, baris-harakat, huruf bersambung dan ilmu tajwid. Kemudian 7D dipahami, ditunjuk, dituntun, diulangi, diuji, diperlancar dan dipindahkan. Kegiatan ini telah berjalan sesuai dengan pengabdian dan memberikan kontribusi dalam menguatkan literasi Al-Qur’an bagi majelis taklim

At both the secondary and tertiary education level, Indonesia's low research ability is a sign which prospective teachers have not demonstrated the best research abilities. The purpose of this study was to identify skills in understanding research methodology for prospective teachers at islamic elementary school. The research method used is a case study using a qualitative approach. The data used are primary data and secondary data, primary data obtained through observation and interviews with 23 prospective teachers in class VI while secondary data researchers obtained from supporting reference documents in the form of relevant articles and books. Data validation is in the form of data triangulation with three classifications, namely analysis, interpretation and conclusion. The results of the findings of this study are the ability to observe problems that will be identified later. Achievement with this indicator has not shown optimal achievement. The ability to interpret the problem with the formulation of the problem. The achievement of this indicator is not optimal. The ability to group variables to formulate hypotheses. The achievement of this indicator has shown optimal ability. The ability to take samples to make research designs, the achievement of this indicator has experienced optimal achievement. The ability to collect, analyze and compare data, the ability to collect and analyze data has been optimally achieved because it is supported by observational data such as the spontaneity of prospective teachers when given assignments or questions and answers in class regarding the indicators contained in this study while for the ability to observe problems , formulating problems and comparing data that has not been optimally achieved due to the lack of reading literature and the condition of prospective teachers who take part in online learning because there is a task of introducing school fields (PLP) outside the campus so that the understanding of prospective teachers is not optimal.

The combination of GTAW (Gas Tungsten Arc Welding) and SMAW (Shield Metal Arc Welding) processes on SA537 Class 2 carbon steel using variations of heat input is the main choice to get the best quality welded joints. This research aims to joint SA537 Class 2 material using the GTAW and SMAW process with heat input variations to get the best joint and determine the joint results mechanical properties and microstructure analysis. The experimental method uses a combination of GTAW and SMAW processes with a single V butt joint design, groove angle of 60o, root face 2 mm and root gap of 4 mm as many as 7 passes, and variations in heat input of 2.5 kJ/mm, 2.8 kJ/mm and 3.2 kJ/mm. According to ASME section IX, the mechanical testing results showed that the specimen with a heat input of 2.8 kJ/mm gave optimum results with the highest tensile strength of 480 MPa compared to the other two specimens, and there were no cracks when tested for bending The higher the heat input, the greater the decrease in the percentage of ferrite. Using a heat input of 2.8 kJ/mm in this study provides a weld result with better mechanical properties and microstructure than the use of heat input of 2.5 kJ/mm and 3.2 kJ/mm.

Distribution of mosquito nets is one healthcare strategy implemented to control the number of malaria cases in Indonesia. East Nusa Tenggara is one of the provinces contributing to high malaria rates. Cases are high in several areas, including Central Sumba regency. This study aimed to describe the behavior of the people of Mamboro and Katiku Tana sub-districts in using long-lasting insecticide-treated nets (LLINs), the number of LLINs owned, number of beds, number of family members, number of pregnant women and toddlers, distribution of LLINs in families, and LLINs utilization. This is a descriptive quantitative study with a cross-sectional design. The research was conducted in the work area of the Mananga Health Center of Susu Wendewa village of Mamboro sub-district and Malinjak Health Center of Makata Keri village of Katiku Tana sub-district, Central Sumba regency. The research was carried out from 9–19 September 2021 with 341 heads of families as respondents. Data were collected using questionnaires and in-depth interviews. Most families had LLINs (n=287; 94.1%); the total number of LLINs owned was 341, used by 1,220 (94.7%) family members with ten pregnant women and 35 children under five. The number of installed LLINs was 290 units (85%), LLINs obtained from the health centers within 1–3 months was 44% (126 families), 314 units (92%) were used while sleeping, and there were still family members who did not use LLINs every night. We conclude that the acceptance and utilization of LLINs should not stop at the distribution of LLINs to the public and must be supported by an evaluation in the form of regular surveys to ensure that LLINs are correctly used.

ABSTRACT. Minyak pala (Myristica fragrans Houtt) telah diketahui memiliki kemampuan antimikroba. Komponen dominan di dalam minyak pala adalah α-pinene dan sabinene. Daging sapi merupakan salah satu bahan pangan yang mudah rusak dan mudah terkontaminasi bakteri patogen. Oleh karena itu, bioaditif seperti minyak pala diperlukan agar daging sapi tidak mudah rusak dan terhindar dari cemaran bakteri patogen. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui kemampuan antimikroba minyak pala (Myristica fragrans Houtt) dan komponen dominan (memiliki persentase tinggi) di dalam minyak pala (α-pinene dan sabinene) terhadap kualitas daging sapi. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) faktorial yang terdiri dari 2 (dua) faktor yaitu jenis bioaditif (minyak pala, α-pinene, sabinene, dan campuran α-pinene + sabinene) dan lama penyimpanan (1 hari dan 7 hari). Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) dan uji Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sabinene memiliki nilai TPC lebih tinggi yaitu 4,19 Log CFU/g pada lama penyimpanan 7 hari, dibandingkan dengan daging sapi yang direndam dengan α-pinene memiliki nilai TPC 3,19 Log CFU/g dan 3,55 Log CFU/g untuk minyak pala. Daging sapi yang direndam dengan menggunakan α-pinene dan minyak pala serta disimpan selama 7 hari, dapat menekan pertumbuhan Salmonella sp menjadi negatif, namun belum bisa menekan pertumbuhan bakteri patogen Coliform, Escherichia coli dan Staphylococcus aureus di bawah jumlah yang telah ditetapkan SNI 3932:2008. Secara organoleptik, daging sapi yang direndam menggunakan α-pinene memiliki aroma khas daging dan masih dapat mempertahankan warna kemerahan daging sapi. Bioaditif α-pinene dan minyak pala berpotensi untuk dikembangkan menjadi bioaditif alami pada daging sapi. (Application of nutmeg essential oil (Myristica fragrans Houtt) and its major components (α-pinene and sabinene) as Bio-additives in Beef) ABSTRAK. Nutmeg essential oil (Myristica fragrans Houtt) has been known to have antimicrobial properties. The major components in nutmeg oil are α-pinene and sabinene. The addition of nutmeg oil in beef could protect beef from bacterial contamination. This study aims to determine the antimicrobial properties of nutmeg oil (Myristica fragrans Houtt) and its major components (α-pinene and sabinene) on beef quality. This study used a factorial Randomized Block Design consisting of two factors namely the types of bio-additives (nutmeg oil, α -pinene, sabinene, and a mixture of α-pinene and sabinene) and storage time (1 day and 7 days). The data was analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and the Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT). The results showed that sabinene had a higher TPC value of 4.19 Log CFU/g at 7 days of storage than α-pinene having TPC value of 3.19 Log CFU/g and 3.55 Log CFU/g for nutmeg oil. In addition, beef soaked using α-pinene and nutmeg oil and stored for 7 days, can suppress the growth of Salmonella sp to negative, but has not been able to suppress the growth of pathogenic bacteria Coliform, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus below the amount set by SNI. 3932:2008. Based on the results of organoleptic test, beef marinated using α-pinene has a more distinctive aroma of meat and could maintain the reddish color of the beef. Overall, α-pinene and nutmeg oil are potential to be developed as natural bio-additives in beef.

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection has remained a global health problem. Around 2 billion people worldwide are infected, and more than 257 million are categorized as chronic patients with a risk of developing progressive liver diseases, such as cirrhosis, liver failure, and hepatocellular carcinoma. In 2013, East Nusa Tenggara province had the most hepatitis B cases in Indonesia. Several factors cause a lack of information on HBV prevalence in the general population. First, they are inadequate disease surveillance systems with a high possibility of some acute and chronic infections being unreported. Second, geographical barriers to achieving suitable and sufficient data collection, considering the total population of 250 million people distributed in more than 17,000 islands. Third, the limited testing facilities for detecting chronic HBV resulted in many people being undiagnosed. This study was conducted to discover the prevalence of hepatitis B in healthy populations. It was a cross-sectional study with a random sampling method from April 2016 to March 2020 in Kupang city, East Nusa Tenggara. Subjects are prison inmates, pregnant women, primary school students, high school students, health workers, orphanage children, and families who live under the same roof with hepatitis B patients. We screened 11,152 subjects for HBsAg positivity using the ELISA and rapid detection tests. We found that 1,490 subjects (13.4%) were reactive to HBsAg. This HBsAg-positive prevalence stood far above the national rate of 7.1% in 2013, meaning that Kupang city is a region with high hepatitis B endemicity. Therefore, the local government should develop prevention strategies, diagnosis, post-infection management, and effective treatment, including mass vaccination programs for at-risk groups.

Penggunaan kemasan plastik sebagai bahan kemasan pada makanan memerlukan perhatian khusus terhadap siswa di sekolah yang berada di Banda Aceh. Salah satu kemasan yang digunakan adalah styrofoam. Penggunaan kemasan styrofoam sangat banyak terutama pada pembungkus makanan, hal ini sangat dikhawatirkan apabila digunakan pada makanan yang kondisinya panas sehingga kemasan tersebut dapat bereaksi dan menghasilkan senyawa karsinogenik. Kemasan ini sangat sering digunakan oleh penjual dikarenakan mudah, ringan dan murah, namun dari sisi kesehatan menunjukkan bahwa kemasan ini kurang baik digunakan pada kemasan bahan pangan yang panas karena akan bereaksi dengan kandungan polimernya. Pengabdian ini dilakukan dengan cara sosialisasi bahaya penggunaan kemasan plastik terutama bahan dasar styrofoam pada siswa sekolah MTSN 1 Banda Aceh. Data yang dihasilkan sebelum dilakukan sosialisasi, hampir 79% siswa tersebut memahami terhadap penggunaan plastik terutama styrofoam, setelah sosialisasi dan hasil survey yang dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa 83% siswa menjadi paham terhadap bahaya penggunaan styrofoam, hal ini menunjukkan bahwa hasil ini menjadi dasar siswa dalam memahami terhadap penggunaan kemasan styrofoam. Kata kunci: styrofoam, plastik, kemasan, sosialisasi, sekolah, survey ABSTRACT The use of plastic packaging as packaging material for food requires special attention to students in schools in Banda Aceh. One of the packaging used is Styrofoam. The use of styrofoam packaging is very much, especially in food packaging. They used Styrofoam on hot food so that the packaging could react and produce carcinogenic compounds. Sellers often use this packaging because it is easy, light, and cheap, but from a health perspective, it shows that this packaging is not suitable for use in hot food packaging because it will react with the polymer content. This service is carried out by socializing the dangers of using plastic packaging, especially the primary material of Styrofoam, to students at MTSN 1 Banda Aceh. The data generated before the socialization was carried out, almost 79% of these students understood the use of plastic, especially Styrofoam, after socialization and the results of the survey conducted showed that 83% of students became aware of the dangers of using Styrofoam, this indicates that these results are the basis for students to understand the use of styrofoam packaging. Keywords: styrofoam, plastic, packaging, socialization, school, survey

This study aims to examine the effect of Firm Size, Leverage, and Accrued Expenses on Profits in coal companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The data used in this study is secondary data from as many as 8 coal companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for an observation period of 7 years so there are 56 observations. The sampling technique used is the purposive sampling method. The method used is panel data regression analysis. The results of the study show that simultaneously show that Firm size, leverage, and Accrued Expenses have a positive and significant effect on the profits of coal companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Keywords: Profit, Firm Size; Leverage; Accrued Expense; Coal Companies This study aims to examine the effect of Firm Size, Leverage, and Accrued Expenses on Profits in coal companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The data used in this study is secondary data from as many as 8 coal companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for an observation period of 7 years so there are 56 observations. The sampling technique used is the purposive sampling method. The method used is panel data regression analysis. The results of the study show that simultaneously show that Firm size, leverage, and Accrued Expenses have a positive and significant effect on the profits of coal companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Kata Kunci: Laba; Ukuran Perusahaan; Leverage; Beban Akrual; Perusahaan Batu Bara

This study aims to analyze the concept of the creation of the universe from the Islamic view through the interpretation of Ibn Katsir and the Christian view through the Bible. This study uses qualitative research methods. Based on Ibn Katsir's view, the universe's creation consists of several processes. Firstly, Allah created the earth in two days, then created the sky in the next two days, then spread out the earth in the last two days. In the last process, Allah brings out water, plants, mountains, sand, inanimate objects, hills, and everything between the sky and the earth. According to the Bible, the process of creating the universe also consists of six days. Day and night were created on the first day. On the second day, the sky was created. On the third day, the earth was created. The stars and sun were created on the fourth day. On the fifth day, creatures in the water and the sky were created. All kinds of animals were created on the sixth day, and humans were created on the last. The seventh day is God's rest/rest day. Thus, it can be concluded that there are similarities and differences between Islam and Christianity in the concept of the creation of the universe.

Nowadays, consumers tend to search for additional source of protein and energy for their dietary consumption, for instance from legumes and nuts. This trend is getting more common since the increase case of lactose intolerance. This study aims to study the effect of the formulation of materials consisting of a mixture of two or three types of nuts and the CMC (Carboxy Methyl Cellulose) on the quality characteristics of plant milk and consumer preferences towards the produced plant milk. The method used in this study was a factorial completely randomized design (FCRD). This study were used combination of two or three types of beans, namely soybeans (KK), peanuts (KT), green beans (KH). The first factor was formulation of raw materials (K1 = 50% KK: 50% KT: 0% KH, K2 = 50 % KK: 0% KT: 50% KH, K3 = 0% KK: 50% KT: 50% KH, and K4 = 33.3% KK: 33.3% KT: 33.3% KH). In addition, CMC was used as a stabilizer by treating different concentrations of CMC (C1 = 0.20% and C2 = 0.40%). Anova continued with DMRT0.05 determined that plant milk with the best treatment is K1C2 with the formulation of 50% peanut: 50% soybean and the addition of 0.4% CMC. The KIC2 treatment had values: protein content 3.87%, fat content 14.74%, pH 6.62, total dissolved solids 11.47oBrix. For consumer acceptance with RATA (Rate All That Apply) method, researchers found out that K1C2 has milky white color (89% of respondents), peanut aroma flavour (78% respondents), sweet (48%) and savory (37%) taste, thick and homogenous texture (44% respondents) with overall hedonic liking 3.11 or neutral. Protein content, fat content, and pH of vegetable milk meet the quality requirements of soy milk based on SNI No. 01-3830-1995.

This study aims to determine the effect of type and concentration of additives in production of local microorganisms (MOL) on overall qualities (physical, chemical, sensory, and microbiological). The method used in this study was a factorial completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of two factors. The first factor was the type of additive (J) which consisted of 4 levels, namely rice (J1), soil (J2), leaf bokashi (J3), and leaf compost (J4). The second factor was the concentration of additives (K) which consisted of 2 levels, namely 7.5% (K1) and 10% (K2). The product was analysed total cell counts (TCC), pH, temperature, and organoleptic tests (hedonic test) on color and organoleptic (descriptive test) on aroma. The best MOL was J4K2 (combination between leaf compost and 10%). The J4K2 MOL had the following characteristics: TCC of 9.6x107 CFU / ml, pH value of 3.7, color hedonic test of 4.3 (preferred by panelists) and aroma descriptive test of 4.3 (tape aroma / medium acid).

The novel corona virus pandemic has influenced people buying behaviors. Due to the significant psychological and behavioral impact of COVID-19 on society, this study aimed to examine the determinants of panic buying behavior and a resultant psychological outcome in the form of a sense of security. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of COVID-19 caller ringback tone (CRT) experiences, that is, informational and stimulation experience, on the panic buying behavior and how rumors moderate this relationship. This research is quantitative and uses a purposive sampling method to collect the survey-based data from 264 respondents. The researchers analyzed the data using Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The results of data analysis indicated that the informational and stimulation experience of COVID-19 CRT had a significant influence on panic buying behavior which further resulted in a sense of security in public. This study could not find evidence of the moderating role of rumors in the relationship between COVID-19 CRT experiences and panic buying behavior. The findings highlight the role of the COVID-19 CRT in causing panic buying behavior and resultant psychological outcome and thus provide implications for policymakers on the control of panic buying under COVID-19.

Introduction: Drug convicts who do not receive rehabilitation tend to have low motivation to recover and stop drug abuse. Handling in an effort to increase the motivation of prisoners to recover from drug abuse is through the group counseling method. Group counseling provides encouragement and motivation to make changes in individuals. This type of research uses a one group pre-post test research design to compare the motivation recover before and after group counseling. Sampling in this study were prisoners of drug abuse cases, with a sample size of 20 people. Methods: The sampling technique was non-random sampling, namely purposive samling. The data was collected using a questionnaire, the result of statistical tests were carried out by the normality test, then the date were analyzed using the paired T test. The analysis result showed that the value of P=0.000 (P

MOL is a local microorganism or natural decomposer that is used as a starter culture in production of organic fertilizers which is known as bokashi. The advantage of using MOL is that it can be made from cheap materials or by utilizing agricultural waste so that it can increase the added value of waste as well as reduce the environmental pollution. The use of MOL as a biodecomposer in production of bokashi can accelerate the fermentation process. This study aimed to produce MOL where the characteristic is similar with commercial Effective Microorganism (EM4). This study used a factorial randomized block design (RBD) with 2 factors. First factor was the types of banana (J) consisted of three levels, namely awak banana (Musa paradisiacal var. Awak; J1), barangan banana (Musa acuminate Colla; J2), and kepok banana (Musa acuminata balbisiana Colla; J3). Second factor was the storage times consisted of three levels, namely 0 weeks after fermentation (L1), 2 weeks after fermentation (L2), and 4 weeks after fermentation (L3). The analysis carried out after fermentation included total cell counts (TCC), pH value, temperature, and organoleptic test in the form of hedonic test for color and description test for aroma. The best sample was determined based on the highest TCC, the lowest pH value and aroma using a ranking test. The best treatment was obtained from J1L2 treatment (awak banana and 2 weeks after fermentation) with 1.8 × 109 CFU/ml of TCC, 3.17 of pH and medium tapai aroma.

The welding use correct process parameters will produce joint with optimum in mechanical properties. The current is a very important process parameter in welding. Gas Tungsten Arc Welding process carbon steel A53 Gr B uses current variations can be an option to get the best quality joints. The purpose of this research is to get optimum mechanical properties and microstructure by varying the current. The experimental method uses GTAW process by varying current in welding A 53 Gr B using a single V butt joint and a 5G welding position, the Argon protective gas flow rate of 15 liters per minute with filler rod ER 70 S-6. This process also uses 11-13 Volt voltage with DCEN polarity and current 70, 90, and 110A. Based on ASME Section IX, the test results show that the specimen with a current of 90A gives optimum results with a tensile strength of 480 MPa and a hardness value of 190 HV, whereas specimens with welding current of 70A bring incomplete penetration defects in the weld area. The use of welding current 90A in this research provides welding results with better mechanical properties and microstructure compared to the use of currents of 70 and 110A

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of using various types of liquid smoke on the level of preference of panelists and the total of contaminant bacteria on yellowfin tuna meatballs. The liquid smoke used came from coconut shells, corncob, and bagasse. The tuna meatballs without the use of liquid smoke were also observed as a control. The tuna meatballs were analyzed before storage, after 15 days, and after 30 days storage (temperature 5oC). The research was designed by a completely randomized design (CRD) factorial pattern. The tuna meatballs were examined for organoleptic (hedonic) tests on color, flavor, taste, and texture as well as microbial tests of Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella sp. Proximate tests (moisture content, ash content, and protein content) were carried out on meatballs with the lowest microbial total after 30 days of storage. The data obtained were analyzed using variance analysis (ANOVA). Duncan's continued Multiple Range Test (DMRT) was carried out if the treatment was significant. The results showed that adding liquid smoke to the boiling water of the meatballs can only increase the panelist's preference for color attributes. Tuna meatballs without the use of liquid smoke could not be consumed after 15 days of storage. The tuna meatballs with the addition of liquid smoke from bagasse in the boiling water have met the national standards for fish meatballs listed in SNI 7266: 2014 until 30 days of storage. The resulting yellowfin tuna meatballs had 59.76% moisture content, 1.41% ash content, and 11.8% protein content.

The application of warm mix asphalt technology to reduce mixing and compaction temperatures has a weakness in decreasing the performance of mixture and is more sensitive to high temperatures. This is influenced by the type of additives and the warm mix asphalt technology used. The purpose of this study is to determine the optimum percentage of Rediset®LQ used and the amount of temperature drop in the type of Pen 60/70 asphalt mixture. Determination of the percentage of optimum use of the Rediset®LQ was carried out by using mixed workability analysis. The results of the warm mix asphalt test are then compared with the control HMA, the volumetric value that is close to the control HMA is considered to have equivalent workability. The variation of the use of the Rediset®LQ is 0.25% to 0.75% with a variation of the mixture temperature reduction of 15 ºC, 30 ºC, and 45 ºC. The results showed that the optimum percentage of using Rediset®LQ on asphalt pen 60/70 was 0.5% with a large reduction in mixing temperature and optimum compaction of 30 ºC. Evaluation of the resilient modulus value of the WMA mixture is equivalent to the HMA mixture at low, medium, and high temperatures. Based on the analysis, the Warm Mix Asphalt Concrete Binder Course with Rediset®LQ additive, also lower mixing and compaction temperature, is suitable for use on pavement layers.

The paper aims to explore the concept of the company from the aspects of Islamic law (fiqh) and sharia, as the basis in determining the company as muzakki, thus raising the legal obligation for companies to pay zakat through the zakat accounting calculation method. This study is designed to reconstruct the concepts of fiqh and sharia in muamalah (economic) activities within the framework of aqidah, sharia and akhlak through ijtihad. The research uses qualitative analysis, through a literature study approach by exploring various classical and contemporary sources. This paper found that the company is synonymous as syirkah on the basis of syakhshiyyah i’tibariyyah (spiritual entity) or syakhshiyyah hukmiyyah, referred to as al-dhimmah, that is, inherent traits of humans, as expert al-form (the right to receive) and syahhshiyyah al-ada (the right to fulfill responsibilities). So, the company as the subject of zakat has an obligation to pay zakat based on five principles inherent in the company as muzakki. The calculations are carried out by using the company zakat accounting method based on established standards (AAOIFI), (MASB), and (IAI). The determination of companies as subjects of zakat, which has the obligation to pay zakat, certainly has positive implications for the realization of a fair and equitable distribution of wealth, as well as the emergence of corporate social responsibility (collectively) and the responsibility of a Muslim (individually) in realizing his worship. to Allah SWT, an increase in community welfare can be achieved.

The ritual offering of “toho dore” is a religious tradition carried out by the ancestors based on animism concept of “ma kakamba” and dynamism concept of “ma kakimbi”, which are still believed and practiced by some Mbojo tribes. The purpose of this study is to describe the meaning of ritual offerings (toho dore) for the Mbojo tribe community in Bima Regency; and to describe the ritual mystery (toho ra dore) in the Mbojo tribe of Bima Regency. The research approach uses a qualitative approach, ethnographic methods. Data collection techniques used are interviews, observations and documentations. Data analysis techniques using data reduction, data display and data verification. Testing the authenticity of the data using time triangulation, data sources and data collection techniques. All of the data are interpreted using Symbolic Interactionalism theory of George Herbert Mead. The findings show that ritual offerings serve people of Mbojo for various purposes: (1) Ritual offerings (toho dore) to obtain offspring, (2) Ritual offerings (toho dore) as a means of obtaining abundant harvests, (3) Ritual offerings (toho dore) to obtain large livestock yields, such as cattle and buffalo, (4) Ritual offerings (toho dore) to get a lot of sustenance when trading, even though the products sold are not as good and as many products as other business partners, (5) Ritual offerings (toho dore) to keep rice in the rice container (tewu bongi), (6) Ritual offerings (toho dore) so that the child in the content is not lost, (7) Ritual offerings (toho dore) to get a mate. Ritual sesajen (toho dore) merupakan suatu perilaku yang dilakukan oleh para nenek moyang atas kepercayaan pada dinamisme (ma kakamba) dan animisme (ma kakimbi) yang masih dipercayai dan dilaksanakan oleh sebagian suku Mbojo yang mempercayai keajaiban ritual-ritual tersebut. Lokasi-lokasi tertentu yang dipercayai oleh masyarakat untuk meletakkan sesajen (toho dore) yang terdiri dari kelapa muda, pisang, nasi ketan (oha mina), daun sirih, pinang dan ayam kampung yang berwarna putih atau hitam semua bulunya. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan makna ritual sesajen (toho dore) bagi masyarakat suku Mbojo di Kabupaten Bima; dan untuk mendeskripsikan misteri ritual (toho dore) di suku Mbojo Kabupaten Bima. Teori yang digunakan yakni teori interaksionalisme simbolis George Herbert Mead. Pendekatan penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, metode etnografi. Informan utama sejumlah 11 orang dan informan pendukung 3 orang, teknik sampling yang digunakan yakni snowball sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik interview, observasi dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data menggunakan reduksi data, display data dan verifikasi data. Pengujian keabsahan data menggunakan triangulasi waktu, sumber data dan teknik pengumpulan data. Temuan hasil penelitian terdiri dari (1) Ritual sesajen (toho dore) untuk mendapatkan keturunan, (2) Ritual sesajen (toho dore) sebagai sarana mendapatkan hasil panen berlimpah, (3) Ritual sesajen (toho dore) untuk mendapatkan hasil ternak yang banyak, seperti sapi dan kerbau, (4) Ritual sesajen (toho dore) untuk mendapatkan rezeki yang banyak saat berdagang padahal produk yang dijual tidak sebagus dan sebanyak produk rekan bisnis lainnya, (5) Ritual sesajen (toho dore) untuk tetap memiliki beras dalam tempat beras (tewu bongi), (6) Ritual sesajen (toho dore) agar anak dalam kandungan tidak hilang, (7) Ritual sesajen (toho dore) untuk mendapatkan jodoh, (8) Ritual sesajen (toho dore) untuk menyembuhkan sakit jiwa.

The development of the agricultural sector is faced with the challenges in increasing of production and farmers' welfare. In addition to technical problems, the factor of supply chain must be considered properly because it is related to other social problems. This study discussed the structure of the rice supply chain in East Aceh District. The added value wich was gained by rice refineries in processing of paddy into rice was also examined by using Hayami method. The results showed that the rice supply chain in East Aceh involved several parties, namely farmers, collecto rs, rice refineries, large traders (districts), and retailers in and outside of East Aceh District as well as consumers as the last link. The added value generated from the processing of paddy into rice , bran and groats as a whole was able to provide a positive added value for rice refineries in East Aceh. The value of rice processing output was Rp. 6,304.5/kg. From the results of this output value, the rice refineries can produce an added value of Rp. 829 kg with a ratio of 13.14% in one processing period.

Aluminum 6061 is an aluminum alloy that is widely used in various industrial fields, which heat treatable. However, it can be joined using a welding process. Aluminum joining using the Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW) process has become the option to produce good quality joints. This research aims to get optimum welding parameters by knowing the mechanical properties and microstructure of the welding results. The GTAW process uses a 25-volt voltage, Argon protective gas flow rate of 15 liters per minute with filler rod ER 5356 with 2.4 mm diameter and electrodes tungsten 2.4 mm in diameter. This process uses a single V butt joint and groove angle of 60° with variations in the current of 100, 110 and 120 A. The results indicate that specimens with a variety of current of 110 A give better results in the absence of defects, have a tensile strength of 152 MPa, and get a hardness value of 87.55 HV, which is the highest compared to the other two specimens. Whereas specimens with the current variation of 100 and 120 A have defects in the weld area. The optimum parameters of the 6061 aluminum GTAW process with a thickness of 6 mm using a current of 110 A bring on better outcomes and mechanical properties than the use of currents of 100 and 120 A.

Slaughtering is a method used to obtain food from farmed animals. Chicken slaughter is one of important factors affevting the halal and nutritional quality of meat. Chicken meat slaughtered is done according to islamic sharia and not according to Islamic sharia. Slaughtering is carried out according to islamic or halal sharia according LPPOM-MUI (2008). The storage time for food is a period of time that is safe and suitable for consumption in food and can be used by consumers according to their needs and can maintain the state of the food that is packed. Determine the quality of chicken meat whether or not accepted by consumers affect the physical, chemical and biological quality. The study aims to determine the effect of slaughtering methoda (according to Islamic sharia and not according to Islamic sharia) and duration of storage on the quality of chicken meat. This research uses factorial randomized block design (RBD) consisting of 2 factors. The first factor is the method of slaughtering, namely slaughtering by Islamic sharia and slaughtering not by Islamic sharia (neck slaughter broken). Slaughtering by Islamic sharia is chicken slaughtering in RPA that is halal certified, while slaughtering is not by Islamic sharia is chicken slaughtered in RPA that is certified not halal. The second factor is storage time, which is 0 hours (control), 3 hours, 6 hours and 9 hours. The result of this study showed that slaughter had a very significantly affected (P 0,01) on skin color. The treatmment duration significantly affected (P 0,05) on water content and suppleness. Research shows that the quality of chicken meat slaughtered according to Islamic sharia (P1) is better than meat slaughtered not according to Islamic sharia, especially in terms of; as higher skin color. As storage time increases, the water content

Organical material such as animal dung, husk ash, bran, and sawdust is often used in bocation production. In this study, the paper waste of printing company at Syiah Kuala University was enriched in the raw material of bocation production. This study was aimed to determine the proportion of paper waste that can be added and the duration of fermentation process in order to produce a good bocation. The method used was a factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD) which consisting of 2 factors. The first factor was the proportion of paper waste (K) with 4 levels: K1 = 15%, K2 = 25%, K3 = 35%, and K4 = 45%. The second factor was the fermentation duration (L) with 3 levels: L1 = 0 day, L2 = 10 days, and L3 = 15 days. Each treatment was repeated twice so that there were 24 experimental units. The analysis included: water content, total microorganisms, temperature, pH, C element, N element, C/N ratio, organoleptic (texture, aroma, color) and plant growth test. The result showed that additional paper waste with a proportion of up to 35% generally has a positive effect on the quality of the location in terms of water content, pH, nitrogen, texture, aroma, color, and plant growth. The longer the fermentation took place (up to 15 days) the better was the quality of the bocation produced, especially regarding C element, N element, C/N ratio, texture, aroma, color and plant growth. There were 3 interactions with the best plant height namely K3L3 (112.5cm), K3L2 (104 cm) and K2L3 (104 cm). The K3L3 bocation (35% paper waste proportion, 15 days fermentation) was better than the other two interactions in term of highest water content, N, and color value, and the lowest C/N ratio.

Filariasis is an infectious disease caused by filarial worms and transmitted by mosquitoes. Efforts to suppress the case of filariasis are eliminated through the administration of filariasis Mass Drug Prevention (MDP). The filariasis MDP program in Ende Regency has been conducted since 2011-2015, and the first phase evaluation was conducted in 2017. This study aims to find a picture of community knowledge about the filariasis elimination program in Ende Regency, to find a picture of behavioral change and environmental management after the implementation of the filariasis elimination program. This research is qualitative research with an ethnographic approach. There were 20 informants consisting of 10 sufferers, 5 patients' families, 3 health workers, and 2 village officials. The results showed that almost all informants had known the Filariasis MDP program and had taken the filariasis drug. Most informants still had behaviors that were at risk of filariasis. The environment where the informant lives did not have a risk for filarial worm breeding. The conclusion of the research shows that the success in handling and preventing filariasis in Detusuko and Welamosa villages are supported by the community's understanding of the MDP program and consuming filariasis medicine, vanishing filarial mosquito breeding places. However, it was still found that community behavior has not changed which are activities outside the home at night, not using long-sleeved clothes and the habit of hanging dirty clothes.

Aluminium merupakan logam yang memiliki sifat mampu las yang kurang baik dibandingkan dengan jenis logam lainnya. Hal tersebut dikarenakan memiliki konduktifitas panas tinggi, koefisien muai besar, dan reaktif dengan udara sehingga mudah terbentuk lapisan oksida (Al2O3)sehingga menghasilkan temperatur cair lebih tinggi dari aluminium murni. Panas yang berlebih pada metode penyambungan GTAW dan GMAW rentan terjadi cacat seperti porositas, crack dan distorsi. Friction Stir Welding (FSW) dilakukan untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut, dimana prosesnya terjadi dibawah temperatur cair logam aluminium. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kualitas sambungan hasil FSW pada pelat aluminium 6061- T6 dengan tebal 6 mm dan putaran tool konstan 1500 rpm, menggunakan variasi ukuran pin berdiameter 6 mm , 8 mm dan 10 mm. Hasilnya spesimen dengan pin berdiameter 6 mm memiliki sifat mekanik terbaik dibanding spesimen lainnya. Sedangkan pada spesimen dengan pin berdiameter 10 mengalami cacat berupa void (rongga) kecil yang terdapat pada bagian face.

PT. Perkebunan Nusantara V mengolah kelapa sawit yang menghasilkan Crude Palm Oil (CPO) dengan produksi 60-ton TBS/jam. Proses produksi yang berlangsung di Perusahaan sering mengalami pemberhentian yang diakibatkan oleh tingginya frekuensi kerusakan mesin thresher dikarenakan sistem perawatan yang belum optimal menyebabkan waktu penundaan (Down Time) 2-3 jam untuk proses perbaikan di mesin tersebut. Hal ini dapat dilihat pada data kondisi mesin thresher tahun 2018 yaitu terdapat 18 kali komponen mesin yang harus mengalami perawatan di luar dari perawatan mesin. Permasalahan ini bisa terjadi 4-5 kali dalam 1 bulan berdampak buruk pada perusahaan yaitu menurunkan jumlah rendemen. Maka dari itu pada penelitian ini akan dilakukan penentuan aktifitas perawatan mesin tresher agar kerusakan pada mesin dapat diminimalisir dengan pendekatan Failure Mode Effect Analysis (FMEA) dan Realibility Centered Maintenance (RCM). Dari hasil FMEA terhadap 18 komponen mesin tresher dengan RPN terbesar adalah Gearbox dengan nilai 648 poin. Selanjutnya dari hasil RCM dengan aktifitas perawatan schedule on condition dan schedule on restoration task terdapat 9 komponen. Untuk hasil dari MVSM pada proses penggantian komponen mesin tresher terdapat delay maka dilakukan simulasi arena dan penjadwalan penggantian komponen mesin, maka nilai efisiensi penggantian meningkat untuk komponen Gearbox dari 40% naik menjadi 54,26%. PT. Perkebunan Nusantara V processes oil palm which produces Crude Palm Oil (CPO) with a production of 60 tons of FFB / hour. The production process that takes place at the Company often has a stop caused by the high frequency of damage to the engine thresher because the maintenance system that has not been optimal causes a delay time (Down Time) of 2-3 hours for the repair process on the engine. This can be seen in the data on the condition of the thresher engine in 2018, which is 18 times the engine components that have to be treated outside the engine maintenance. This problem can occur 4-5 times in 1 month which has a negative impact on the company, namely reducing the amount of yield. Therefore, this research will determine the tresher engine maintenance activities so that damage to the engine can be minimized using the Failure Mode Effect Analysis (FMEA) approach and Reliability Centered Maintenance (RCM). From the results of the FMEA on the 18 components of the tresher engine with the largest RPN is Gearbox with a value of 648 points. Furthermore, from the RCM results with maintenance schedule on condition activities and schedule on restoration tasks there are 9 components. For the results of MVSM in the replacement process of tresher engine components there is delay, then an arena simulation and scheduling of engine components are replaced, then the value of replacement efficiency increases for Gearbox components from 40% to 54.26%.

Lombe tradition is a buffalo race tradition from Kangean Island, Sumenep Regency. Lombe Traditions are not owned by other regions in Indonesia. This tradition is still done now by the Kangean people. The conservation of Lombe Tradition is believed to support the efforts of buffalo conservation in Kangean Island. Lombe Tradition needs to be taken into account as an asset of Indonesia's national culture but this tradition is not widely known nationally. The purpose of this study is to describe the Conservation of Lombe as a conservation effort of buffalo in Kangean Island and Lombe tradition impact on social and economic people of Kangean. This research uses qualitative descriptive approach with observation and interview method. Lombe Tradition became an effort to preserve the buffalo on Kangean Island. Lombe Traditions can have social impacts such as strengthening social ties and strengthening the ropes of Kangean people, economic impacts This tradition is increasing the value of buffalo selling prices and maintaining and increasing buffalo population thus affecting the number of buffalo shipments to various regions in Indonesia hence, by itself the economic level of people are increasing Pulau Kangean memiliki keunikan tersendiri dalam hal kekayaan nilai tradisi dan budayanya Sebagai bagian dari wilayah Kabupaten Sumenep Pulau Madura. Kekayaan Tradisi Lombe kangean perlu diperhitungkan sebagai aset kebudayaan nasional. Permasalahan yang dihadapi saat ini Tradisi Lombe tidak banyak diketahui keberadaanya oleh masyarakat umum padahal Tradisi Lombe merupakan tradisi yang unik dan khas yang dimiliki Pulau Kangean dan salah satu ikon budaya. Pengaplikasian Tradisi Lombe dapat menjadi salah satu solusi dalam upaya menjaga kelestarian kerbau di Pulau Kangean sehingga Tradisi Lombe diharapkan mampu Memberikan pengaruh terhadap upaya konservasi kerbau dan pengaruhnya terhadap ekonomi dan sosial masyarakat Pulau Kangean. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif dan Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pedoman wawancara dan dokumentasi baik berupa data sekunder maupun audio visual maupun foto atau gambar. Tradisi Lombe merupakan tradisi kerapan kerbau turun-temurun yang dilaksanakan masyarakat Pulau Kangean, Sepasang kerbau diadu kecepatannya dengan sepasang kerbau lainnya tanpa joki pasangan kerbau itu digiring masing-masing oleh dua kuda yang dinaiki joki. Tradisi Lombe ini memberikan manfaat sebagai usaha segi konservasi, eksistensi daerah hingga keuntungan dari segi ekonomi. Kerbau yang ikut Lombe memberikan dampak pada nilai jual yang lebih tinggi dan status sosial yang meningkat. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17977/um017v24i12019p001

Maternal and child health problems continue to be priority health issues in Indonesia, especially in East Nusa Tenggara (NTT). The maternal mortality rate in NTT has reached 159/100,000 live births, while infant and under-five mortality rates have reached 32/1000 live births and 40/1,000 live births, respectively above the national value of 23/1000 live births and 32/1,000 live births. It indicates that the health and maternal and child health policies in NTT have not been maximally implemented. One of the causes is the lack of available health worker resources that provide health services. The research objective is to identify the effect of health resources' availability on the performance of maternal and child health policy implementation in NTT. A quantitative research method for data collection was carried out in 11 districts in NTT and 104 public health centers (pusat kesehatan masyarakat, puskesmas) towards 235 health workers from August to December 2019. The results show that the health workers were categorized as insufficient/not available (mean value of 2.64), and puskemas did not have doctors, midwives, and nurses conforming to standards. There was also inadequacy in some aspects such as budget (average value of 2.45), medical devices (average value of 2.75), medicines and medical supplies, buildings, and transport. A correlation was found between resources and the performance of maternal and child health policies (p=0.00) with a coefficient correlation of 0.546. It indicates a strong and positive correlation, which means that if there is an increase in resources, maternal and child health policy implementation will also. Partial linear regression tests showed t arithmetic=13.304 >t table 1.97, which means that H0 was rejected. It suggests a significant effect between resources and the performance of maternal and child health policy implementation in NTT. In conclusion, resources had a positively impact on the performance of maternal and child health policy in NTT. PENGARUH KETERSEDIAAN SUMBER DAYA KESEHATAN TERHADAP KINERJA IMPLEMENTASI KEBIJAKAN KESEHATAN IBU DAN ANAK DI NUSA TENGGARA TIMUR Permasalahan kesehatan ibu dan anak (KIA) terus menjadi prioritas masalah kesehatan di Indonesia khususnya di Nusa Tenggara Timur (NTT). Angka kematian ibu di NTT mencapai 159/100.000 kelahiran hidup (KH), sedangkan angka kematian bayi dan balita mencapai 32/1.000 KH dan 40/1.000 KH yang masing-masing di atas nilai nasional, yaitu 23/1.000 KH dan 32/1.000 KH. Kondisi tersebut mengindikasikan bahwa penerapan kebijakan KIA di NTT belum dilaksanakan secara maksimal. Salah satu penyebabnya adalah sumber daya manusia kesehatan yang memberikan pelayanan kesehatan kurang tersedia. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengidentifikasi pengaruh ketersediaan sumber daya manusia kesehatan terhadap kinerja penerapan kebijakan KIA di NTT. Metode penelitian adalah kuantitatif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan di 11 kabupaten dan 104 pusat kesehatan masyarakat (puskesmas) pada 235 tenaga kesehatan dari bulan Agustus hingga Desember 2019. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tenaga kesehatan dikategorikan tidak cukup/tidak tersedia (nilai rerata 2,64) dan puskesmas tidak memiliki dokter, bidan, dan perawat sesuai standar. Selain itu, terdapat juga kekurangan di beberapa aspek seperti anggaran biaya (nilai rerata 2,45), alat kesehatan (nilai rerata 2,75), obat dan perbekalan kesehatan, alat medis, bangunan, serta alat transportasi. Korelasi ditemukan antara sumber daya dan kinerja penerapan kebijakan KIA (p=0,00) dengan koefisien korelasi 0,546. Hal ini berarti korelasi cukup kuat dan positif, artinya jika sumber daya ditingkatkan maka kinerja implementasi kebijakan KIA juga meningkat. Uji regresi linier parsial menunjukkan t hitung=13,304 >t tabel 1,97 yang bermakna H0 ditolak. Hal ini menunjukkan pengaruh yang signifikan antara sumber daya dan kinerja penerapan kebijakan KIA di Provinsi NTT. Simpulan, sumber daya berpengaruh positif terhadap kinerja penerapan kebijakan KIA di NTT.

Abstract—ABI measurements are performed to detect PAD. ABI measurements are essential because, generally, patients are not aware of having PAD due to no significant signs and symptoms. Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients tend to have PAD, which increases the risk of cardiovascular and mortality. Therefore, the measurement of ABI regularly is needed to prevent PAD. Early detection and regular monitoring of PAD by measuring ABI can avoid foot complications, such as injuries, gangrene, and amputation. The standard method to measure ABI is using Doppler. Unfortunately, not all health care providers have Doppler because it is an expensive instrument and relatively difficult to use. The purpose of this study is to design a simple and easy Prototype to measure ABI by using pressure sensors. Two pressure sensors measure the systole of blood pressure in the arm and leg to get the ABI. This study’s sample is 20 people consisting of 10 healthy people and ten diabetes mellitus patients. The result shows the ABI prototype has an error of 0.53% with an accuracy rate of 99.47%. It is indicated that the ABI prototype can be used for diagnosing PAD.

Artikel ini mengemukakan tentang Khalwat dalam Persfektif Hukum Islam yang mengambil sampel di Tanjung Layar Putih Makassar. Penelitian ini tergolong penelitian lapangan kualitatif (Field Research) dengan cara observasi interview atau wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Adapun sumber data penelitian ini adalah Pegawai Kantor Lurah Tanjung Merdeka, Ibu Rt 01 Kelurahan Tanjung Merdeka, Ketua Rt 01 Kelurahan Tanjung Layar Putih Makassar, Pengelola Tanjung Layar Putih dan beberapa pengunjung yang datang ke Tanjung Layar Putih. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah pengumpulan data dengan wawancara analisis data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa: Tanjung Layar Putih Makassar yang pada awalnya merupakan suatu tempat wisata, namun kemudian seiring berjalannya waktu berubah fungsi sebagai salah satu tempat berduaan antara lawan jenis dan adanya gubuk liar yang di sewakan lalu mengarah pada perbuatan zina atau yang biasa disebut dengan sebutan Khalwat. Dengan tempat yang jauh dari keramaian dan berada di pesisir pantai. Berdasarkan penelitian ini, diharapkan peran orang tua secara aktif untuk kemudian lebih meningkatkan kewaspadaan dan juga perhatian khusus terhadap anak dengan cara mendidik. Pendidikan merupakan salah satu alat untuk kemudian membentuk karakter generasi muda, terlebih lagi mengarahkan generasi muda pada hal-hal yang positif. Dan lebih memperhatikan tempat wisata agar di pergunakan sebagaimanya mestinya. Kata Kunci : Khalwat; Hukum Islam.

Filariasis is a chronic communicable disease caused by filarial worms, which consists of three species: Wucherria bancrofti, Brugaria malayi, and Brugaria timori. This disease is transmitted through mosquito bites, infects lymph tissue (lymph) and causes swelling of the legs, breasts, arms and genital organs. Welamosa village, Ende district, located in East Nusa Tenggara (NTT) province is reported as one of the highest cases of 40 cases in 2015. This research aims to analyze the influence of social factor of demography and socio-cultural environment factor to elephantiasis incident in Welamosa village, Ende district. The study was conducted in July–September 2016 in Welamosa village and Wolowaru sub-district, Ende district. The type of research was observational analytic with case-control with 49 people as sampling. The research instrument used questionnaire and check list. The data analysis used statistical test of SPSS program with backward regression logistic test. The results showed five variables as risk factors of elephantiasis occurrence, age (OR=42.518), education (OR=38.248), occupation (OR=8.404), outdoor activity at night (OR=5.097) and sex (OR=0.193). In conclusion, social demographic factors (age, gender, occupation, and education) and environmental and social-cultural factors of attitude (outdoor activities at night) are risk factors for filariasis incidence in Welamosa village, Ende district. FAKTOR YANG MEMENGARUHI KEJADIAN PENYAKIT FILARIASIS DI DESA WELAMOSA KABUPATEN ENDE NUSA TENGGARA TIMUR Filariasis adalah penyakit menular menahun yang disebabkan oleh parasit berupa cacing filaria yang terdiri atas tiga spesies, yaitu Wucherria bancrofti, Brugaria malayi, dan Brugaria timori. Penyakit ini menginfeksi jaringan limfe (getah bening) dan menular melalui gigitan nyamuk, serta menyebabkan pembengkakan kaki, tungkai, payudara, lengan, dan organ genital. Desa Welamosa, Kabupaten Ende terletak di Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur (NTT) dilaporkan sebagai salah satu kecamatan dengan kasus filariasis tertinggi, yakni 40 kasus pada tahun 2015. Tujuan penelitian adalah menganalisis pengaruh faktor sosial demografi dan faktor lingkungan sosial budaya terhadap kejadian filariasis di Desa Welamosa, Kabupaten Ende. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Juli–September 2016 di Desa Welamosa dan Kecamatan Wolowaru, Kabupaten Ende. Jenis penelitian merupakan analitik observasional dan pengambilan sampel menggunakan case control sebanyak 49 orang. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan kuesioner dan ceklis. Analisis data menggunakan uji statistik program SPSS dengan backward regression logistic test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan lima variabel yang merupakan faktor risiko kejadian filariasis, yaitu usia (OR=42,518), pendidikan (OR=38,248), pekerjaan (OR=8,404), aktivitas di luar rumah pada malam hari (OR=5,097), dan jenis kelamin (OR=0,193). Simpulan, faktor sosial demografi (usia, jenis kelamin, pekerjaan, dan pendidikan) serta faktor lingkungan sosial budaya sikap (aktivitas di luar rumah pada malam hari) merupakan faktor risiko terhadap kejadian filariasis di Desa Welamosa, Kabupaten Ende.

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of characteristics of cervical mucus before artificial insemination (AI) as conception rate (CR). The study materials were 112 composite cattle in estrus. Fifty five composite heifers and 57 composite cows. Samples of cervical mucus were examined for amount and consistency. The amount of the cervical mucus was studied based on its much, little and nothing of secretion the cervical mucus while the consistency was based on the thinness and thickness of the cervical mucus. The measurement of vaginal temperature was conducted by digital thermometer. The pregnancy diagnosis was performed at the 60th days post insemination. Data was analyzed by descriptive and Chi-square. Findings showed that the conception rates of composite cattle with thin, thick, and nothing secretion of cervical mucus were 66.67%, 68.00%, 35.71% on composite cows and 37.03%, 50.00%, 37.50% on composite heifers. The vaginal temperature with thin, thick, and nothing secretion of cervical mucus were 38.7±1.0 oC, 38.9±0.7 oC, 38.6±0.5 oC. It was concluded that characteristics of servical mucus before artificial insemination (AI) gave effect to conception rate. It was suggested that optimum time to artificial insemination (AI) of composite cattle was on thick and thin secretion of servical mucus. Keywords: Cervical mucus, vaginal temperature, artificial insemination (AI), composite cattle, conception rate (CR).

Cow manure, different to other manures, has been frequently used as raw material of bokasi along with other organic waste materials such as sawdust, rice husk ash, and bran. This study aimed to utilize various livestock manures as one of the organic material in the production of bokasi. A completely randomized design with 2 replications was used in this study, which consisted of two factors: type of livestock manure (J) and proportion of livestock manure (P) of the total bokasi raw material. Factor J consisted of 3 levels: J1 (cow manure), J2 (goats manure), and J3 (chicken manure), while factor P consisted of 4 levels: P1 (35%), P2 (45%), P3 (55%), and P4 (65%). Analysis of the bokasi quality included: total microorganisms, moisture content, pH, temperature, C element, N element N, C/N ratio, organoleptic (texture, smell and color), and the plants growth (height) test. The results showed that the type of livestock manure (J) effected very significant on total microorganisms, C, N and C/N ratio of bokasi, as well as significant on plant height. Based on the results of the C, N and C/N ratio it was known that the best bokasi resulted by chicken manure. It met the standard of INS (Indonesian National Standard). The proportion of manure affected very significant on water content as well as significant on N and plant height.

PENGARUH TOOL ROTATION SPEED TERHADAP SIFAT MEKANIK SAMBUNGAN ALUMINIUM PADUAN 6061 T6 PADA PROSES FRICTION STIR WELDING. Pengelasan aduk tekan merupakan proses pengelasan yang baru dikembangkan pada tahun 1991, hingga saat ini berbagai penelitian terus dilakukan untuk menemukan parameter yang dapat menghasilkan sambungan las yang optimum sebagai alternatif proses pengelasan fusi yang masih memiliki beberapa kekurangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kecepatan putar tool yang menjadi salah satu parameter penting dalam friction stir welding pada pelat aluminium paduan 6061-T6 dengan tebal 6 mm terhadap sifat mekanik sambungan las, dengan variasi kecepatan putar yang digunakan 910 rpm, 1175 rpm, 1555 rpm, 1700 rpm dan 2000 rpm untuk mendapatkan parameter yang optimum. Berdasarkan penelitian yang telah dilakukan didapatkan hasil bahwa sambungan las dengan kecepatan putaran 910 rpm, 1175 rpm dan 1555 rpm tidak terdapat cacat dan memenuhi kriteria sambungan las berdasarkan standar AWS D17.3 sedangkan sambungan las yang memiliki sifat mekanik yang paling optimum yaitu sambungan las dengan kecepatan putar tool 910 rpm karena pengkasaran butir dan larutnya presipitat tidak terlalu signifikan dibandingkan dengan kecepatan putaran lainnya. Kata kunci: Pengelasan aduk tekan, pengelasan fusi, kecepatan putar, tool, aluminium paduan 6061-T6.

This analytic observational research used case control study with the research variables are knowledge, attitude, practice, and breeding place distance. All of the positive malaria patients are used as case group that are 32 people and as a control group used 32 healthy people around the case group. The data were collected by applying interview and observation and then data be analysed using chi square (α 0,05) to know the relation between the independent and dependent variables. The research result shows there are relation between the malaria prevalence with attitude (ρ 0,017), practice (ρ 0,013), and breeding palce distance (ρ=0,000). The conclusion is that the good knowledge can not influence the community to have a good attitude and to apply in daily life to do malaria combating. It is important to do health promotion of malaria especially to improve the knowledge and to apply their knowledge in daily activities to combat the malaria disease.

Introduction: Halitosis is the smell of bad breath that comes out of the mouth. Gambir contained catechins which is a material that helps in inhibited bacteria and VSC (Volatic Sulfur Compound) as the cause of halitosis. Purpose: The aim of research to assess the effectiveness of gambir leaves against halitosis is caused by plaque. Methods: The method in this research is pre experimental research with 18 research subjects students. Halitosis parameter measurements made before and after the use of gambir for 3 days. VSC gas is measured using the tool “Oralchromaâ€. Statistical data processing is done with the Wilcoxon test (p