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22 results on '"Jean-Louis Janeau"'

1. Diversity of soil biopores and their influence on soil water infiltration under various pedoclimatic conditions

Author

Charlotte Védère, Hanane Aroui Boukbida, Yvan Capowiez, Sougueh Cheik, Guillaume Coulouma, Rinh Pham Dinh, Séraphine Grellier, Claude Hammecker, Thierry Henry des Tureaux, Ajay Harit, Jean-Louis Janeau, Pascal Jouquet, Jean-Luc Maeght, Cornelia Rumpel, Stéphane Sammartino, Norbert Silvera, Siwaporn Siltecho, Lotfi Smaili, Bounsamay Soulileuth, and Nicolas Bottinelli

Abstract

Despite the large contribution of macropores made by soil engineers to the soil macroporosity and water infiltration, few studies have addressed the specific contribution of soil engineer groups, dynamics of biopores and their efficiency in conducting water. Thus, we aimed to investigate the link between soil macrofauna, soil biopores and water infiltration under different pedoclimatic conditions. To do so, we conducted an experimentation in twelve study sites with a large longitudinal gradient from France to Vietnam. The experiment consisted in the field incubation of repacked soil in cores (15 cm in height and 15 cm in diameter) and controlling the activity of soil engineers in the manner of litter bag. For each site, soil columns were: (i) covered with a mesh (200µm) or not and (ii) with or without addition of organic residues to the soil surface. After 12 months, we measured (i) the 3D organization of biopores by X-ray computed tomography and (ii) the saturated hydraulic conductivity by Beerkan method. In addition, soil macrofauna communities and the 3D organization of biopores was measured in each study field. Addition of organic residues increased up to 2-fold the volume percentage of biopores which reached similar values than those observed for each study field. The co-inertia analysis between the data matrix characterizing the shape of biopores and the data matrix of the macrofauna communities showed no statistically significant correlation. Saturated hydraulic conductivity increased with the presence of biopores by 2 to 50-fold with the lowest increased in soils presenting largest saturated hydraulic conductivity. In conclusion, these results demonstrated that biopores are rapidly regenerated regardless the pedoclimatic conditions while the efficiency of biopores in conducting water is related to soil properties.

Published
2023
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2. Effect of slope position on hydrochory processes: a natural rainfall study in tropical agroecosystem

Author

Seraphine Grellier, Wanwisa Pansak, Suphannika Intanon, Chanisara Rodprai, Khwanrawee Anusorn, Claude Hammecker, and Jean-Louis Janeau

Abstract

Soil erosion due to land use change and consequently biodiversity loss are major concerns in agricultural areas. However, the link between runoff, soil loss and plant dispersion by water also called hydrochory is not yet well understood, especially in tropical climate. The displacement of native plant seeds on the soil surface by runoff may be influenced by soil properties and by agricultural practices. This may in return affect or modify biodiversity in agroecosystems.This is why we propose to study the processes affecting seed displacement by runoff in steeply sloping maize field affected by rainfall and tillage erosion in Northern Thailand.After a first study under rainfall simulation in situ (Janeau et al. 2022), we present here a two years study under natural rainfall to assess the role of position in the catena and soil properties on seed displacement, soil loss and nutrient losses. We used 24 plots of 1 m2 located at four positions in the catena. Two treatments were tested: (1) conventional system with tillage and (2) biochar incorporated into the soil. We measured the displacement of seeds (only for treatment 1), runoff volume, soil and nutrient losses and soil surface features (for the two treatments) during two years of study.Preliminary results indicate a strong influence of catena position on all studied variables. This may be due to soil properties changing along the catena, as well as shape (concave or convex) of the slope position. As expected, rainfall intensity seemed influencing runoff and soil and nutrient losses, together with seed displacement.This study, under tropical climate and steep slope conditions, highlights differences in soil surface features and runoff along the catena. We should consider catena position for improving soil management and using appropriate agroecological practices.

Published
2023
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3. The impact of termites on soil sheeting properties is better explained by environmental factors than by their feeding and building strategies

Author

Pascal Jouquet, Ajay Harit, Vincent Hervé, Hemanth Moger, Tiago Carrijo, David A. Donoso, David Eldridge, Hélida Ferreira da Cunha, Chutinan Choosai, Jean-Louis Janeau, Jean-Luc Maeght, Thuy Doan Thu, Alexia Briandon, Myriam Dahbi Skali, John van Thuyne, Ali Mainga, Olga Patricia Pinzon Florian, Oumarou Malam Issa, Pascal Podwojewski, Jean-Louis Rajot, Thierry Henri-des-Tureaux, Lotfi Smaili, Mohamed Labiadh, Hanane Aroui Boukbida, Rashmi Shanbhag, Ratha Muon, Vannak Ann, Sougueh Cheik, Saliou Fall, Saran Traoré, Simon Dupont, Thomas Chouvenc, Aaron J. Mullins, Syaukani Syaukani, Rainer Zaiss, Tran Minh Tien, Jan Šobotník, Apolline Auclerc, Rongliang Qiu, Ye-Tao Tang, Hermine Huot, David Sillam-Dussès, Nicolas Bottinelli, Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (iEES Paris ), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), School of Chemical Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, Mahatma Gandhi University [Kerala], Institut de recherche sur la biologie de l'insecte UMR7261 (IRBI), Université de Tours (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Indian Institute of Science, Universidade Federal do ABC = Federal University of ABC = Université Fédérale de l'ABC [Brazil] (UFABC), Escuela Politécnica Nacional (EPN), University of New South Wales [Canberra Campus] (UNSW), Universidade Estadual de Goiás (UEG), Khon Kaen University [Thailand] (KKU), Botanique et Modélisation de l'Architecture des Plantes et des Végétations (UMR AMAP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Soils and Fertilizers Research Institute (SFRI), Vietnam Academy of Agricultural Sciences (VAAS), Université de Lausanne = University of Lausanne (UNIL), Universidad Distrital Francisco Jose de Caldas [Bogota], Institut des Régions Arides (IRA), Institute of Technology of Cambodia [Cambodge] (KHM), Centre d’Etudes et de Recherche de Djibouti (CERD), Institut Sénégalais de Recherches Agricoles [Dakar] (ISRA), Université Joseph Ki-Zerbo [Ouagadougou] (UJZK), University of Florida [Gainesville] (UF), Universitas Syiah Kuala, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague (CZU), Laboratoire Sols et Environnement (LSE), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Sun Yat-Sen University [Guangzhou] (SYSU), Laboratoire d'Ethologie Expérimentale et Comparée (LEEC), Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, French national Institute of Research for Development (IRD), and Indo-French Cell for Water Science (LMI CEFIRSE, http://www.cefirse.ird.fr)

Subjects
[SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, Feeding guilds, Ecosystem engineers, Soil Science, Biostructures, Bioturbation, [SDV.BV.BOT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, [SDV.BID.SPT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Systematics, Phylogenetics and taxonomy, complex mixtures, Fungus-growing termites
Abstract

International audience; Termites are key soil bioturbators in tropical ecosystems. Apart from mound nests constructed by some advanced lineages, most of the species use their faeces, oral secretions, debris, or soil aggregates to protect themselves from predators and desiccation when they go out to forage. Although this soil ‘sheeting’ is considered to play a key role in soil functioning, the properties of this termite-made material has been poorly studied. The few available data showed that sheeting properties are highly variable with positive, neutral or negative impacts on soil C and clay content, and consequently on soil aggregate stability. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the factors controlling the physical (particle size fractions and structural stability) and chemical (pH, electrical conductivity and carbon content) properties of soil sheeting produced by termite species encompassing all feeding and building categories using a dataset representative of an important diversity of biotopes coming from 21 countries from all continents colonized by termites. We showed that sheeting properties were explained by the properties of their environment, and especially by those of the bulk soil (linear relationships), followed in a lesser extent by the mean annual precipitation and biotope. Classic hypotheses related to termite feeding and building strategies were not hold by our analysis. However, the distinction of termites into fungus-growing and non-fungus growing species was useful when differentiating the impact of termites on soil electrical conductivity, C content, and structural stability. The large variability observed suggests the need to redefine termite functional groups based on their impacts on soil properties using a trait-based approach from morphological, anatomical and/or physiological traits.

Published
2022
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4. Logging residues promote positive interactions between soil erosion, soil functioning and soil macrofauna diversity in young rubber plantations in Africa

Author

Louis Mareschal, Jean-Louis Janeau, Marianne Legrand, Frédéric Gay, Aymard Kouakou, Alain Brauman, Antoine Manizan, Jean-Paul Laclau, and Thibaut Perron

Abstract

Soil erosion causes major problems of land degradation in agricultural systems leading to losses of soil fertility. Rubber tree is one of the main tropical perennial crops with about 13 million hectares of plantations worldwide in 2018. In the early stage of a rubber plantation, soil is especially vulnerable to degradations given the low canopy cover and heavy soil surface disturbance related to clear-cutting of the previous plantation. This study aims at assessing runoff and soil losses as well as understanding the main soil factors influencing soil erosion in a young rubber plantation in Côte d’Ivoire. We intensively measured soil runoff, soil detachment, soil structure maintenance and soil macrofauna for 2.5 years under different managements of logging residues and the use or not of a legume cover crop. The results showed that the restitution of logging residues has reduced runoff by 6 and soil losses by 14 compared to plot without logging residues, over the study period. The planting line where soil is kept bare was by far the most critical area in term of soil erosion. The restitution of logging residues significantly improved soil structure maintenance as well as soil macrofauna diversity. We found strong relationships between runoff, soil losses, soil structure and soil macrofauna diversity. These results evidence that the restitution of logging residues and the sowing of cover crop are appropriate agroecological practices in young rubber plantations. Our results suggest that keeping a cover in the planting line could be the most relevant lever to limit soil erosion in the context of the study.

Published
2022
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5. Slope position and biochar influence soil properties and seed displacement in a tropical agroecosystem

Author

Jean‐Louis Janeau, Suphannika Intanon, Wanwisa Pansak, Chanisara Rodprai, Khwanrawee Anusorn, Claude Hammecker, Séraphine Grellier, Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (iEES Paris ), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Naresuan University, Mahidol University [Bangkok], Laboratoire d'étude des Interactions Sol - Agrosystème - Hydrosystème (UMR LISAH), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Cités, Territoires, Environnement et Sociétés (CITERES), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Tours (UT), and This study was supported by the Hubert Curien Project SEAWEED (PHC Siam 2018, grant 40745VK), the Faculty of Agriculture, Natural Resources and Environment from Naresuan University, Phitsanulok (Thailand), the LMI LUSES project of ‘ and the University of Tours. Field experiments and soil analysis were conducted with the cooperation of the Faculty of Agriculture, Natural Resources and Environment from Naresuan University, the stakeholders of Na Noi District, Nan Province, Thailand, Land Development Department, University of Tours CITERES (UMR7324) and ‘ through IEES‐Paris (UMR242).

Subjects
[SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, soil loss, Soil Science, runoff, nutrient losses, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, complex mixtures, seed, steep slope, catena
Abstract

International audience; Soil erosion due to land use change is a major concern in agricultural areas. There is an urgent need to develop appropriate agricultural practices that promote higher biodiversity and improve soil properties. Little is known about the processes of natural vegetation recovery after disturbance by human activities in tropical humid climates. This is particularly the case for dispersion by water (hydrochory) that affects seeds. The displacement of native plant seeds on the soil surface by runoff may be influenced by soil properties and by the use of biochar in agriculture. As these effects have not been documented in tropical agroecosystems and on steep slopes, we present here an in-field experiment on a steeply sloping maize field affected by rainfall and tillage erosion in Northern Thailand. Our objectives were to test the effect of catena position and biochar use on seed displacement, soil loss and nutrient losses. We used 24 plots of 1 m2 located at four positions in the catena. Two treatments were tested: (1) conventional system with tillage and (2) biochar incorporated into the soil. We measured the displacement of plastic beads (to imitate round seeds), runoff volume, soil and nutrient losses and soil surface features during in-situ rainfall simulations. After two simulated rainfall events and four natural rainfall events, total bead exportation was 7.2%. We found that catena position and biochar had an impact on runoff, soil and nutrient losses. In this study, previously incorporated biochar reappeared at the soil surface after 8 months under natural conditions and acted like a crust at the soil surface. This biochar crust increased runoff, increased potassium concentration and decreased phosphorus concentration in runoff, decreased bead displacement and had no effect on soil loss. This study, under tropical climate and steep slope conditions, highlights differences in soil surface features and runoff along the catena. We should consider catena position for improving soil management and using appropriate agroecological practices. Highlights: The effect of catena position and biochar use on seed displacement, soil loss and nutrient losses were tested. These effects have not been documented in tropical agroecosystems and steep slopes. Catena position and biochar use had an impact on runoff, soil and nutrient losses. Catena position for improving soil management and using agroecological practices should be considered.

Published
2022
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6. Experimental and modelling evidence of splash effects on manure borne Escherichia coli washoff

Author

Jean-Louis Janeau, Christian Valentin, Olivier Ribolzi, Thierry Henry-des-Tureaux, Keooudone Latsachack, Emma Rochelle-Newall, Chanthamousone Thammahacksa, Emilie Jardé, Claude Mügler, Marion Viguier, Oloth Sengtaheuanghoung, Modélisation Hydrologique (HYDRO), Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Géosciences Environnement Toulouse (GET), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (iEES Paris ), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Géosciences Rennes (GR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Agricultural Land Management [Vientiane] (DALaM), Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry of Laos, Pastek program of the GIS-Climat, Institut de recherche pour le développement (IRD), Géosciences Environnement Toulouse, ANR-13-AGRO-0007,TecItEasy,Effets conjugués de l'expansion des plantations d'arbres et du changement climatique sur le fonctionnement hydro-sédimentaire des bassins versants tropicaux de montagne: la diversité microbienne aquatique comme un proxy de la conversion d'usage des terres(2013), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), and Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, Runoff, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Faecal indicator bacteria (FIB), 010501 environmental sciences, Physics-based modelling, Raindrop impact, 01 natural sciences, complex mixtures, Lao PDR, Hydraulic conductivity, Environmental Chemistry, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, 2. Zero hunger, Hydrology, Splash, fungi, Tropical agro-ecosystems, Sediment, General Medicine, Vegetation, 15. Life on land, Pollution, Manure, 6. Clean water, 13. Climate action, Soil water, Erosion, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Surface runoff
Abstract

International audience; In tropical montane South-East Asia, recent changes in land use have induced increased runoff, soil erosion and in-stream suspended sediment loads. Land use change is also contributing to increased microbial pathogen dissemination and contamination of stream waters. Escherichia coli (E. coli) is frequently used as an indicator of faecal contamination. Field rain simulations were conducted to examine how E. coli is exported from the surface of upland, agricultural soils during runoff events. The objectives were to characterize the loss dynamics of this indicator from agricultural soils contaminated with livestock waste, and to identify the effect of splash on washoff. Experiments were performed on nine 1 m2 plots, amended or not with pig or poultry manure. Each plot was divided into two 0.5 m2 sub-plots. One of the two sub-plots was protected with a mosquito net for limiting the raindrop impact effects. Runoff, soil detachment by raindrop impact and its entrainment by runoff, and E. coli loads and discharge were measured for each sub-plot. The results show that raindrop impact strongly enhances runoff generation, soil detachment and entrainment and E. coli export. When the impact of raindrops was reduced with a mosquito net, total runoff was reduced by more than 50%, soil erosion was on average reduced by 90% and E. coli export from the amended soil surface was on average 3 to 8 times lower. A coupled physics-based approach was performed using the Cast3M platform for modelling the time evolutions of runoff, solid particles detachment and transfer and bacteria transport that were measured for one of the nine plots. After estimation of the saturated hydraulic conductivity, soil erodibility and attachment rate of bacteria, model outputs were consistent with measured runoff coefficients, suspended sediment and E. coli loads. This work therefore underlines the need to maintain adequate vegetation at the soil surface to avoid the erosion and export of soil borne potential pathogens towards downstream aquatic systems.

Published
2021
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7. The Multiscale <scp>TROPIcal CatchmentS</scp> critical zone observatory <scp>M‐TROPICS</scp> dataset <scp>II</scp> : Land use, hydrology and sediment production monitoring in Houay Pano, northern Lao <scp>PDR</scp>

Author

Chanthamousone Thammahacksa, Norbert Silvera, Sylvain Huon, Khambai Phanthavong, Guillaume Lestrelin, Henri Robain, Keooudone Latsachack, Andrew Noble, Vincent Chaplot, Alain Pierret, Xaysatith Souliyavongsa, Yann Le Troquer, Jean-Pierre Thiébaux, Phapvilay Sounyaphong, Laurie Boithias, Khampaseuth Xayyathip, Jean-Louis Janeau, Kongkeo Phachomphon, Jean Riotte, Stéphane Audry, Olga Vigiak, Yves Auda, Anneke de Rouw, Nivong Sipaseuth, Marion Viguier, Sengkeo Tasaketh, Olivier Ribolzi, Pierre Marchand, Alounsavath Chanhphengxay, Thierry Henry des Tureaux, Anne Pando-Bahuon, Saysongkham Sayavong, Bounsamay Soulileuth, Jean-Luc Maeght, Oloth Sengtaheuanghoung, Jean-Pierre Bricquet, Pierre Moreau, Emma Rochelle-Newall, and Christian Valentin

Subjects
2. Zero hunger, Hydrology, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, 0207 environmental engineering, Drainage basin, Sediment, Tropics, 02 engineering and technology, 15. Life on land, 01 natural sciences, 6. Clean water, Water level, Catchment hydrology, Hydrology (agriculture), 13. Climate action, Environmental science, Water quality, 020701 environmental engineering, Surface runoff, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Water Science and Technology
Abstract

Mountain regions of the humid tropics are characterized by steep slopes and heavy rains. These regions are thus prone to both high surface runoff and soil erosion. In Southeast Asia, uplands are also subject to rapid land-use change, predominantly as a result of increased population pressure and market forces. Since 1998, the Houay Pano site, located in northern Lao PDR (19.85°N 102.17°E) within the Mekong basin, aims at assessing the long-term impact of the conversion of traditional slash-and-burn cultivation systems to commercial perennial monocultures such as teak tree plantations, on the catchment hydrological response and sediment yield. The instrumented site monitors hydro-meteorological and soil loss parameters at both microplot (1 m2) and small catchment (0.6 km2) scales. The monitored catchment is part of the network of critical zone observatories named Multiscale TROPIcal CatchmentS (M-TROPICS). The data shared by M-TROPICS in Houay Pano are (1) rainfall, (2) air temperature, air relative humidity, wind speed, and global radiation, (3) catchment land use, (4) stream water level, suspended particulate matter, bed particulate matter and stones, (5) soil surface features, and (6) soil surface runoff and soil detachment. The dataset has already been used to interpret suspended particulate matter and bed particulate matter sources and dynamics, to assess the impact of land-use change on catchment hydrology, soil erosion, and sediment yields, to understand bacteria fate and weed seed transport across the catchment, and to build catchment-scale models focused on hydrology and water quality issues. The dataset may be further used to e.g. assess the role of headwater catchments in large tropical river basin hydrology, support the interpretation of new variables measured in the catchment (e.g. contaminants other than fecal bacteria), and assess the relative impacts of both climate and land-use change on the catchment.

Published
2021
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8. Water uptake plasticity of savanna trees in encroached grassland: small trees match the mature trees

Author

Patricia Richard, Séraphine Grellier, David Ward, Thierry Bariac, Simon Lorentz, Nicolas Florsch, Jean-Louis Janeau, Cités, Territoires, Environnement et Sociétés (CITERES), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Tours, Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (iEES Paris ), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Paléocéanographie (PALEOCEAN), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Tours (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Tours (UT)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Vachellia sieberiana, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Grassland, South Africa, Water uptake, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, isotopes, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, 2. Zero hunger, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Ecology, 15. Life on land, Agronomy, Soil water, Environmental science, Animal Science and Zoology, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, oxygen 18, Woody plant, encroachment
Abstract

International audience; Processes linked to woody plant encroachment in grassland are still not well understood, especially the interactions between trees and soil water availability. Our aim was to study the depth of water uptake by trees in grassland and its controlling factors. We studied water uptake in Vachellia sieberiana trees (hereafter called 'acacias') in a humid grassland of South Africa. We especially studied the effect of size classes of acacias and their position in the catena on water potential (ψ) of acacia leaves and water uptake depth of acacias across seasons, as inferred from isotope δ 18 O values of soil and stem water samples. Acacias were more water stressed in February (wet season) with the most negative water potentials. Taller acacias (>3 m height) were more water-stressed (ψ ± SD = −1.62 ± 0.81 MPA) than smaller acacias (

Published
2020
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9. Research for development in the 21st century

Author

T.M. Tran, Jean-Louis Janeau, S. Cheik, Ajay Harit, Vannak Ann, M. Calabi Floody, Thuy Thu Doan, Cornelia Rumpel, Q. A. Ngo, Muhammad Sanaullah, P. L. Rossi, María de la Luz Mora, Pascal Jouquet, P. Podwojewski, H. Bahri, Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (iEES Paris ), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institute of Technology of Cambodia [Cambodge] (KHM), Soils and Fertilizers Research Institute (SFRI), Vietnam Academy of Agricultural Sciences (VAAS), Institute of Geological Sciences [Hanoi] (VAST), Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), University of Agriculture Faisalabad (UAF), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)

Subjects
2019-20 coronavirus outbreak, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 05 social sciences, 0507 social and economic geography, Soil Science, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Virology, Article, Political science, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, 050703 geography
Published
2020
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10. Mechanisms of lateral and linear extension of gullies (dongas) in a subhumid grassland of South Africa

Author

Sandrine Caquineau, Pascal Podwojewski, J.C. Hughes, Jean-Louis Janeau, Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (iEES Paris ), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Variabilité à long terme du climat de l'océan (VALCO), Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences (SAEES), University of KwaZulu-Natal [Durban, Afrique du Sud] (UKZN), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU), and University of KwaZulu-Natal (UKZN)

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Geography, Planning and Development, Soil science, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-GEO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], 01 natural sciences, rangeland, gully extension, South Africa, Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous), Water content, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Earth-Surface Processes, Colluvium, Horizon (geology), Topsoil, shrink-swell, Soil classification, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, 15. Life on land, soil properties, Soil water, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Soil horizon, Surface runoff, Geology
Abstract

International audience; The formation of deep gullies (called ‘dongas’ locally) in rangeland in KwaZulu‐Natal Province in South Africa is a natural phenomenon. These U‐shaped, very wide gullies have considerable lateral expansion due to the episodic collapse of sidewalls.The dongas have developed in duplex soils such as Luvisols and Lixisols formed on Permian sedimentary rocks or unconsolidated Quaternary colluvium. This study combined morphological, mineralogical and chemical characterization with measurements of grain‐size content, structural stability and the complete shrinkage curve to detect changes in soil properties of the different horizons located in the gully banks.The different soil horizons present clear and sharp differences in physical and mineralogical properties. The topsoil with complete grass cover is very resistant to soil detachment. However, the leached E horizon and the BC horizon have low structural stability. The soil profile down to and including the Bt horizon contains exclusively illite in the clay fraction, while the BC colluvial layer and the C horizon (mudstone) contain expandable interstratified illite–smectite. The Bt horizon has a high water content at saturation and high shrinkage, while the BC and C horizons have a high residual shrinkage and a very low water content at saturation.Because this type of gully expansion is not significantly linked to slope value or the stream power index (SPI) at the gully head, to land‐use change, high rainfall intensities or the threshold of concentrated runoff being exceeded at the gully head, other causes were investigated. It was concluded that the heterogeneity between horizons with different mineralogical properties and structural stabilities, soil types and parent material, anisotropic water‐saturation and shrink‐swell properties are of major importance. This heterogeneity between different soil horizon morphologies and their physical properties can explain why the relationship between the critical slope and the drainage area for gully initiation showed a threshold for gullying much lower than that found elsewhere.

Published
2020
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11. Higher runoff and soil detachment in rubber tree plantations compared to annual cultivation is mitigated by ground cover in steep mountainous Thailand

Author

Anneke de Rouw, Margot Neyret, Thibaut Durand, Juraiporn Kaewthip, Karn Trisophon, Jean-Louis Janeau, Christian Valentin, Henri Robain, Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (iEES Paris ), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), School of Computing Science, Simon Fraser University (SFU.ca), Land Development Department (LDD), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)

Subjects
Wet season, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Ground cover, 01 natural sciences, Rubber trees, Natural rubber, Soil retrogression and degradation, Afforestation, Land use change, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Earth-Surface Processes, 2. Zero hunger, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Understory, 15. Life on land, Plant litter, Steep slopes, Agronomy, visual_art, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, visual_art.visual_art_medium, Soil erosion, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Environmental science, Surface runoff, Soil conservation, Soil detachment
Abstract

Due to high rainfall erosivity and rapid land-use changes, South-East Asia is one of the hot spots of soil degradation worldwide. In recent decades, several studies showed that the expansion of rubber tree (RT) plantations into previously forested areas has caused a major increase in soil erosion. However, the effects of cropland conversion to RT plantations on surface runoff and soil detachment are still unclear. Here we show that mature RT plantations considerably increase runoff and soil detachment compared to annual crops or young RT plantations with intercrop, mostly due to the absence of understorey. Monitoring 1 m2 microplots over four years in mountainous Northern Thailand, we found that runoff and detachment increased with time since the onset of the rainy season and with rainfall height, but more so in mature RT plantations than in young RT plantations and maize. This led to much higher annual soil detachment in mature RT plantations (5.7 kg/m2 on average) than in maize and young RT plantations with intercrop (0.36 kg/m2). We identified two main factors explaining this difference: first, rubber tree leaf litter, although abundant, seemed ineffective in reducing runoff at the end of the rainy season. Secondly, the cover by low-growing plants in mature rubber tree plantation was usually sparse and provided little protection. In particular we showed that increasing the cover by low-growing plants from quasi-null cover to >31% cover decreased runoff coefficient by 32%. Our results demonstrate that afforestation by RT, at least under current management practices and on steep slopes, is overall detrimental to soil conservation but that its effects could be mitigated by the adoption of less intense weeding practices.

Published
2020
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12. Land use strongly influences soil organic carbon and bacterial community export in runoff in tropical uplands

Author

Sylvain Huon, Olivier Ribolzi, Thomas Pommier, Huong T. Le, Keooudone Latsachack, Jean-Louis Janeau, Emma Rochelle-Newall, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Laboratoire d'Ecologie Microbienne - UMR 5557 (LEM), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Lyon (ENVL)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (iEES Paris), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Soils and Fertilizers Research Institute (SFRI), Vietnam Academy of Agricultural Sciences (VAAS), UMR 242, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Ouest]), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Partenaires INRAE, French National Research Agency (ANR) ANR-13-AGRO-0007, ANR-13-AGRO-0007,TecItEasy,Effets conjugués de l'expansion des plantations d'arbres et du changement climatique sur le fonctionnement hydro-sédimentaire des bassins versants tropicaux de montagne: la diversité microbienne aquatique comme un proxy de la conversion d'usage des terres(2013), Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (iEES Paris ), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)

Subjects
[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Soil Science, 010501 environmental sciences, Development, unsustainable land use, 01 natural sciences, complex mixtures, Soil functions, Dissolved organic carbon, Environmental Chemistry, Nitrogen cycle, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, General Environmental Science, 2. Zero hunger, Total organic carbon, soil erosion, land degradation, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Soil carbon, 15. Life on land, Soil quality, Agronomy, rain simulation, 13. Climate action, bacterial function, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Environmental science, Surface runoff, Surface water
Abstract

Early Access: NOV 2019; International audience; Rapid development and associated land-use change have resulted in increased soil erosion and widespread land degradation in tropical ecosystems. Precipitation-induced soil erosion causes the export of soil organic carbon (SOC) and the associated bacterial community affecting soil quality and functioning. We assessed the transfer of SOC and soil bacterial diversity and functions in surface water runoff from different land uses: Teak with and without understory (TW and TWO, respectively) and upland rice (UR) in a tropical, upland catchment during a simulated rain event. Total suspended sediment (TSS) concentration was higher in TWO (1.23 +/- 0.21 g L-1) than in TW (0.37 +/- 0.16 g L-1) and UR (0.44 +/- 0.2 g L-1), whereas dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentration was lower under TWO (3.8 +/- 0.7 mg L-1) than under TW or UR (13.4 +/- 7.5 and 9.57 +/- 4.8 mg L-1, respectively). Runoff from TWO harboured the highest proportion of bacterial taxa common to soil (27% and 29.5%) as compared with TW (22.8% and 13%) and UR (17.3% and 7%) for both particle attached and free-living fractions, respectively. Bacterial community export in surface runoff was driven by changes in DOC and TSS, suggesting that eroded soil particles simultaneously carry organic carbon and attached bacterial taxa in surface runoff. Consequently, the export of soil functional groups relating to organic carbon degradation and nitrogen cycle was higher under TWO than in TW or UR. Our results underline that teak plantations with unsustainable practices such as the removal of understory degrades soil functions and accelerates land degradation through soil erosion and surface runoff on the long term.

Published
2020
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13. Experimental and modelling evidence of short-term effect of raindrop impact on hydraulic conductivity and overland flow intensity

Author

Chanthamousone Thammahacksa, Claude Mügler, Marion Viguier, Keooudone Latsachack, Emilie Jardé, Emma Rochelle-Newall, Olivier Ribolzi, Thierry Henri-des-Tureaux, Christian Valentin, Oloth Sengtaheuanghoung, Jean-Louis Janeau, Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Modélisation Hydrologique (HYDRO), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Géosciences Environnement Toulouse (GET), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (iEES Paris), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Géosciences Rennes (GR), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Agriculture Land-Use Planning Center, Agence Nationale de la Recherche, IRD, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (IEES (UMR_7618 / UMR_D_242 / UMR_A_1392 / UM_113) )

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Hydraulic conductivity, 0207 environmental engineering, Soil science, 02 engineering and technology, Raindrop impact, 01 natural sciences, GEOF, Soil crusting, Hydrology (agriculture), Lao PDR, Runoff modelling, [SDU.STU.HY]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Hydrology, 020701 environmental engineering, Water pollution, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Water Science and Technology, Splash, Tropical agro-ecosystems, 15. Life on land, 6. Clean water, Soil conditioner, Soil water, Erosion, Environmental science, Surface runoff
Abstract

International audience; Tropical montane areas of Southeast Asia are exposed to high-intensity rainfall during the monsoon period. This is particularly problematic in areas where soils on steep slopes are cultivated as it can lead to heavy runoff, high soil erosion, and water pollution. The objective of this paper is to analyse the effect of the impact of raindrops on the dynamics of runoff on such steep fields. Experiments under simulated rainfall were performed at the plot scale (1 m2) to quantify water export from the surface of upland agricultural soils during overland flow events. Four 1 m2 plots were divided in duplicated treatment groups: (a) control with no amendments, and (b) amended with pig manure. Each plot was divided into two 0.5 m2 rectangular subplots. One subplot was designated as a rain splash treatment; the other sub-plot was covered with a 2 mm grid size wire screen that was located 12 cm above the soil surface. The purpose of the screen was to break the raindrops into fine droplets and to reduce fall height in order to drastically reduce their kinetic energy. Runoff was measured for each sub-plot. The results show that raindrop impact drastically enhances runoff generation on both bare soils and on manure amended soils. When the impact of raindrops was limited by screening, runoff was higher on amended soils than on bare soils.The temporal evolution of runoff was correctly modelled using a soil hydraulic conductivity that exponentially decreases over time of exposure to rainfall. Both experimental and modelling results showed that droplet energy induces a rapid evolution of the hydraulic properties of the soil surface due to crusting, resulting in a reduction of hydraulic conductivity and a concomitant increase in runoff rate.

Published
2019
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14. Changes in soil characteristics and C dynamics after mangrove clearing (Vietnam)

Author

Séraphine Grellier, Cyril Marchand, Nhu-Trang Tran-Thi, Quynh Le Thi Phuong, Cuc Nguyen Thi Kim, Jean-Louis Janeau, Thao Pham Thi Thu, Nhon Dang Hoai, Biogéochimie et écologie des milieux continentaux (Bioemco), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AgroParisTech-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-AgroParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-AgroParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Hydrology, Environmental Engineering, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, biology, Kandelia candel, Mineralization (soil science), Soil carbon, 15. Life on land, 010501 environmental sciences, biology.organism_classification, 01 natural sciences, Pollution, Carbon cycle, Blue carbon, Total inorganic carbon, 13. Climate action, Environmental chemistry, [SHS.ENVIR]Humanities and Social Sciences/Environmental studies, Dissolved organic carbon, Environmental Chemistry, Environmental science, Mangrove, Waste Management and Disposal, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

Of the blue carbon sinks, mangroves have one of the highest organic matter (OM) storage capacities in their soil due to low mineralization processes resulting from waterlogging. However, mangroves are disappearing worldwide because of demographic increases. In addition to the loss of CO2 fixation, mangrove clearing can strongly affect soil characteristics and C storage. The objectives of the present study were to quantify the evolution of soil quality, carbon stocks and carbon fluxes after mangrove clearing. Sediment cores to assess physico-chemical properties were collected and in situ CO2 fluxes were measured at the soil-air interface in a mangrove of Northern Vietnam. We compared a Kandelia candel mangrove forest with a nearby zone that had been cleared two years before the study. Significant decrease of clay content and an increase in bulk density for the upper 35cm in the cleared zone were observed. Soil organic carbon (OC) content in the upper 35cm decreased by >65% two years after clearing. The quantity and the quality of the carbon changed, with lower carbon to nitrogen ratios, indicating a more decomposed OM, a higher content of dissolved organic carbon, and a higher content of inorganic carbon (three times higher). This highlights the efficiency of mineralization processes following clearing. Due to the rapid decrease in the soil carbon content, CO2 fluxes at sediment interface were >50% lower in the cleared zone. Taking into account carbonate precipitation after OC mineralization, the mangrove soil lost ~10MgOCha-1yr-1 mostly as CO2 to the atmosphere and possibly as dissolved forms towards adjacent ecosystems. The impacts on the carbon cycle of mangrove clearing as shown by the switch from a C sink to a C source highlight the importance of maintaining these ecosystems, particularly in a context of climate change.

Published
2017
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15. Effect of land use and hydrological processes on Escherichia coli concentrations in streams of tropical, humid headwater catchments

Author

Laurie Boithias, Bounsamay Soulileuth, Norbert Silvera, Olivier Ribolzi, Pem Sisouvanh, Nikom Hmaimum, Keooudone Latsachack, Henri Robain, Hai Tran Sy, Rinh Pham Dinh, Marion Viguier, Jean-Louis Janeau, Piyapong Naporn, Christian Valentin, Emma Rochelle-Newall, Chanthamousone Thammahacksa, Alain Pierret, Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (iEES), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Géosciences Environnement Toulouse (GET), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Partenaires INRAE, Soils & Fertilizers Res Inst, Duc Thang Ward, Hanoi, Vietnam, Natl Pk Wildlife & Plant Conservat Dept NPD, 61 Phaholyotin Rd, Bangkok 10900, Thailand, National Park, Wild Life and Plant Conservation Department (DNP), National Park Wild Life and Plant Conservation Department, National University of Laos, French ANR 'Teciteasy' [ANR-13-AGRO-0007], French Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement (IRD) through the ECOFILTER project (LMI LUSES), UMR iEES-Paris, UMR GET, Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), and Rochelle-Newall, Emma

Subjects
Rain, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 0208 environmental biotechnology, 02 engineering and technology, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, Feces, contamination, afforestation, Vegetation type, Dry season, Multidisciplinary, Ecology, Agriculture, stormwater runoff, health, Vegetation, Thailand, field, 6. Clean water, Catchment hydrology, Vietnam, Laos, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Seasons, Water Microbiology, Environmental Monitoring, Wet season, fecal indicator bacteria, STREAMS, Article, Hydrology (agriculture), Water Supply, Escherichia coli, Animals, Humans, Developing Countries, soils, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, northern vietnam, Hydrology, Tropical Climate, rivers, waters, Humidity, 15. Life on land, Bacterial Load, 020801 environmental engineering, 13. Climate action, Environmental science, Surface runoff
Abstract

Lack of access to clean water and adequate sanitation continues to be a major brake on development. Here we present the results of a 12-month investigation into the dynamics of Escherichia coli, a commonly used indicator of faecal contamination in water supplies, in three small, rural catchments in Laos, Thailand and Vietnam. We show that land use and hydrology are major controlling factors of E. coli concentrations in streamwater and that the relative importance of these two factors varies between the dry and wet seasons. In all three catchments, the highest concentrations were observed during the wet season when storm events and overland flow were highest. However, smaller peaks of E. coli concentration were also observed during the dry season. These latter correspond to periods of intense farming activities and small, episodic rain events. Furthermore, vegetation type, through land use and soil surface crusting, combined with mammalian presence play an important role in determining E. coli loads in the streams. Finally, sampling during stormflow revealed the importance of having appropriate sampling protocols if information on maximum contamination levels is required as grab sampling at a fixed time step may miss important peaks in E. coli numbers.

Published
2016
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16. Seasonal variability of faecal indicator bacteria numbers and die-off rates in the Red River basin, North Viet Nam

Author

Huong Thi Mai Nguyen, Josette Garnier, Quynh Thi Phuong Le, Jean-Louis Janeau, Emma Rochelle-Newall, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (iEES), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Milieux Environnementaux, Transferts et Interactions dans les hydrosystèmes et les Sols (METIS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Soils and Fertilizers Research Institute (SFRI), Vietnam Academy of Agricultural Sciences (VAAS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (IEES), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE)

Subjects
Wet season, Veterinary medicine, 0208 environmental biotechnology, Population, Drainage basin, 02 engineering and technology, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, Article, Feces, Enterobacteriaceae, Rivers, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Escherichia coli, Humans, Water pollution, education, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, education.field_of_study, geography, Multidisciplinary, geography.geographical_feature_category, biology, Ecology, Water Pollution, Annual cycle, biology.organism_classification, 020801 environmental engineering, Coliform bacteria, Vietnam, Indicator species, Seasons, Water Microbiology, Bacteria, Environmental Monitoring
Abstract

The Red River is the second largest river in Viet Nam and constitutes the main water source for a large percentage of the population of North Viet Nam. Here we present the results of an annual survey of Escherichia coli (EC) and Total Coliforms (TC) in the Red River basin, North Viet Nam. The objective of this work was to obtain information on faecal indicator bacteria (FIB) numbers over an annual cycle and, secondly, to determine the die-off rates of these bacterial indicators. Monthly observations at 10 stations from July 2013–June 2014 showed that TC and EC reached as high as 39100 cfu (colony forming units) 100 ml−1 and 15300 colonies 100 ml−1, respectively. We observed a significant seasonal difference for TC (p −1 to a maximum of 1.13 d−1 for EC and from 0.17 d−1 to 1.33 d−1 for TC. Die-off rates were significantly higher for free bacteria than for total (free + particle attached) bacteria, suggesting that particle attachment provided a certain level of protection to FIB in this system.

Published
2016
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17. Contradictory hydrological impacts of afforestation in the humid tropics evidenced by long-term field monitoring and simulation modelling

Author

Didier Orange, Olivier Ribolzi, Jean-Louis Janeau, Henri Robain, Alain Pierret, Christian Valentin, Guillaume Lacombe, Toan Tran Duc, Keoudone Latsachak, Adrien Taccoen, Rinh Pham Dinh, Anneke de Rouw, Phouthamaly Sengphaathith, Emmanuel Mouche, Norbert Silvera, Bounsamai Soulileuth, Oloth Sengtaheuanghoung, International Water Management Institute [CGIAR, Laos] (IWMI), International Water Management Institute [CGIAR, Sri Lanka] (IWMI), Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research [CGIAR] (CGIAR)-Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research [CGIAR] (CGIAR), Géosciences Environnement Toulouse (GET), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (iEES Paris ), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Soils and Fertilizers Research Institute (SFRI), Vietnam Academy of Agricultural Sciences (VAAS), Ecologie fonctionnelle et biogéochimie des sols et des agro-écosystèmes (UMR Eco&Sols), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Laboratoire d'Etudes des Ressources Forêt-Bois (LERFoB), Ecole Nationale du Génie Rural, des Eaux et des Forêts (ENGREF)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), University of Arizona, Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Modélisation Hydrologique (HYDRO), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry of Laos, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Géosciences Environnement Toulouse ( GET ), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement ( IRD ) -Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse 3 ( UPS ) -Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées ( OMP ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris ( IEES ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 ( UPEC UP12 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement ( IRD [France-Ouest] ), Centre de Recherches Interculturelles sur les Domaines Anglophones et Francophones ( CRIDAF ), Université Paris 13 ( UP13 ) -Université Sorbonne Paris Cité ( USPC ), Laboratory of Molecular Neuro-oncology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute ( HHMI ) -The Rockefeller University, Representation du Laos ( IRD ), Unité GEOVAST, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement ( IRD ), Laboratoire de minéralogie, cristallographie de Paris ( LMCP ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -IPG PARIS-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] ( LSCE ), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines ( UVSQ ) -Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Department of Agricultural Land Management ( DALaM ), Soils and Fertilizers Research Institute ( SFRI ), VAAS, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (IEES), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Ouest]), Centre de Recherches Interculturelles sur les Domaines Anglophones et Francophones (CRIDAF), Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC), Howard Hugues Medical Institute-The Rockefeller University, Representation du Laos (IRD), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Laboratoire de minéralogie, cristallographie de Paris (LMCP), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-IPG PARIS-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Agricultural Land Management (DALaM), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - UFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[ SDU.OCEAN ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Tree planting, 0208 environmental biotechnology, Conservation des sols, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, lcsh:Technology, Water balance, Shifting cultivation, Tectona grandis, Afforestation, Forêt tropicale humide, lcsh:Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering, Hydrologie, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, lcsh:Environmental sciences, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, 2. Zero hunger, lcsh:GE1-350, lcsh:Geography. Anthropology. Recreation, Plantation forestière, Reconstitution forestière, lcsh:TD1-1066, Water conservation, Conservation de l'eau, Streamflow, [ SDU.ENVI ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, Hydrometeorology, P10 - Ressources en eau et leur gestion, [SDU.STU.HY]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Hydrology, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, P36 - Érosion, conservation et récupération des sols, Hydrology, lcsh:T, Régénération naturelle, 15. Life on land, K10 - Production forestière, 020801 environmental engineering, Water resources, lcsh:G, 13. Climate action, Environmental science
Abstract

The humid tropics are exposed to an unprecedented modernisation of agriculture involving rapid and mixed land-use changes with contrasted environmental impacts. Afforestation is often mentioned as an unambiguous solution for restoring ecosystem services and enhancing biodiversity. One consequence of afforestation is the alteration of streamflow variability which controls habitats, water resources, and flood risks. We demonstrate that afforestation by tree planting or by natural forest regeneration can induce opposite hydrological changes. An observatory including long-term field measurements of fine-scale land-use mosaics and of hydrometeorological variables has been operating in several headwater catchments in tropical southeast Asia since 2000. The GR2M water balance model, repeatedly calibrated over successive 1-year periods and used in simulation mode with the same year of rainfall input, allowed the hydrological effect of land-use change to be isolated from that of rainfall variability in two of these catchments in Laos and Vietnam. Visual inspection of hydrographs, correlation analyses, and trend detection tests allowed causality between land-use changes and changes in seasonal streamflow to be ascertained. In Laos, the combination of shifting cultivation system (alternation of rice and fallow) and the gradual increase of teak tree plantations replacing fallow led to intricate streamflow patterns: pluri-annual streamflow cycles induced by the shifting system, on top of a gradual streamflow increase over years caused by the spread of the plantations. In Vietnam, the abandonment of continuously cropped areas combined with patches of mix-trees plantations led to the natural re-growth of forest communities followed by a gradual drop in streamflow. Soil infiltrability controlled by surface crusting is the predominant process explaining why two modes of afforestation (natural regeneration vs. planting) led to opposite changes in streamflow regime. Given that commercial tree plantations will continue to expand in the humid tropics, careful consideration is needed before attributing to them positive effects on water and soil conservation.

Published
2016
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18. Mixing of biochar with organic amendments reduces carbon removal after field exposure under tropical conditions

Author

Cornelia Rumpel, Pascal Jouquet, Dinh-Kim Dang, Thu Thuy Doan, Phuong Thi Ngo, Jean-Louis Janeau, Universidad de la Frontera (UFRO), Laboratoire Sols et Environnement (LSE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Lorraine (UL), Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (iEES), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Soils and Fertilizers Research Institute (SFRI), Vietnam Academy of Agricultural Sciences (VAAS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Ouest]), Vietnam Academy of Sciences and Technology, International Joint Laboratory Indo-French Cell for Water Sciences (IFCWS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Lorraine (UL), and Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (IEES)

Subjects
compost, Environmental Engineering, vermicompost, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Tropical condition, 010501 environmental sciences, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, engineering.material, 01 natural sciences, Civil Engineering, Slash-and-char, tropical condition, Tropical climate, Biochar, Leaching (agriculture), Incubation, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Nature and Landscape Conservation, 2. Zero hunger, Chemistry, Compost, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, 15. Life on land, erosion, Manure, leaching, Agronomy, Erosion, Environmental chemistry, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, engineering, Leaching, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Vermicompost
Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the decomposition of three exogenous organic amendments (buffalo manure, its compost and vermicompost), mixed with biochar or not, under tropical climate conditions. Litterbags containing pure substrates or mixtures were exposed to soil under natural rainfall conditions during one year. Most of C and N of exogenous organic matters (EOMs) and biochar were removed rapidly in the first 16 weeks of incubation. After one year, in case of applying alone, only around 30% of C of EOMs and 40% of C of biochar remained. Our data highlighted that in mixture, the presence of biochar led to about 40% higher amounts of C remaining, most probably related to aggregate formation preventing physical disintegration and/or leaching losses. Consequently, this study demonstrated the interest of mixing organic substrates with biochar for preventing C removal from soil immediately after field exposure. (C) 2016 Published by Elsevier B.V.

Published
2016
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19. Impact of terrestrial runoff on organic matter, trophic state, and phytoplankton in a tropical, upland reservoir

Author

Thi Nguyet Minh Luu, Didier Orange, Quan Hong Trinh, Emma Rochelle-Newall, Duc Anh Trinh, Thomas Pommier, Thuy Thi Duong, Thi Phuong Quynh Le, Tien Minh Tran, Jean-Louis Janeau, Hai Sy Tran, Laboratoire d'Ecologie Microbienne - UMR 5557 (LEM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Lyon (ENVL)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Lyon (ENVL), LOTUS [44/2012/HD-NDT], NAFOSTED, Ministry of Science and Technology, Vietnam [104.99-2014.41], PHC Hoa Sen Lotus [23970QM], JEAI BioGEAQ, Institute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Vietnam, French Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement (IRD), UMR iEES-Paris, and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Lyon (ENVL)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Freshwater & Marine Ecology, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Floodplain, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 010501 environmental sciences, Aquatic Science, Aquatic mesocosm, Oceanography, 01 natural sciences, Mesocosm, Acacia mangium, Phytoplankton, Organic matter, Marine & Freshwater Sciences, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Water Science and Technology, 2. Zero hunger, Hydrology, chemistry.chemical_classification, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, biology, Ecology, Aquatic ecosystem, Tropics, Life Sciences, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, 6. Clean water, Limiting factor, chemistry, Vietnam, 13. Climate action, general, Environmental science, Incubation, ecology, Surface runoff
Abstract

International audience; The impact of organic matter inputs from agricultural, forest and domestic sources on aquatic processes has been considerably less studied in tropical reservoirs relative to temperate systems despite the high number of these small aquatic systems in the tropics. Here we present the results of an in situ mesocosm study that examined the impact of allochthonous organic matter on a headwater reservoir in Northern Vietnam. We examined the impact of wastewater and soils from floodplain paddies, Acacia mangium plantations and from upland slopes on the metabolic status of the reservoir. The addition of floodplain paddy soils to the reservoir water led to a rapid switch in metabolic status from net autotrophic to net heterotrophic. In contrast, the addition of wastewater in low concentrations had less impact on the metabolic status of the reservoir, reflecting the low population density in the area. The addition of floodplain paddy soils also increased phytoplankton diversity and evenness relative to the control. In summary, soils from floodplain paddies and from A. mangium plantations had the highest impact on the reservoir, with upland soils and wastewater having less of an impact. We also found that primary production in this reservoir was nitrogen limited. In order to avoid accelerating the impact of runoff on the reservoir, future management options should perhaps focus on minimizing water and sediment runoff from upstream paddy fields and from A. mangium plantations. These results also underline the importance of studying these upland tropical water bodies that can contribute an important but, on the whole, ignored part of the global carbon balance.

Published
2015
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20. Impact of compost, vermicompost and biochar on soil fertility, maize yield and soil erosion in Northern Vietnam : a three year mesocosm experiment

Author

Pascal Jouquet, Cornelia Rumpel, Jean-Louis Janeau, Thuy Thu Doan, Thierry Henry-des-Tureaux, Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (iEES), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Soils and Fertilizers Research Institute (SFRI), Vietnam Academy of Agricultural Sciences (VAAS), National Agriculture and Forestry Research Institute (NAFRI), International Joint Laboratory Indo-French Cell for Water Sciences (IFCWS), SysteMO project, BioGEAQ project, French institutes IRD (unit research UMR-242-iEES Paris), CNRS, French embassy, IRD, and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Geological Phenomena, Environmental Engineering, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], engineering.material, Zea mays, Civil Engineering, Soil, Biochar, Animals, Environmental Chemistry, Biomass, Oligochaeta, Fertilizers, Waste Management and Disposal, Ecosystem, 2. Zero hunger, Acrisol, Compost, Crop yield, Agriculture, Plants, 15. Life on land, Pollution, Soil quality, Manure, Mesocosms, Ecological engineering, Fertility, Water quality, Vietnam, Agronomy, Charcoal, engineering, Environmental science, Soil fertility, Tropical soil, Vermicompost
Abstract

Compost, vermicompost and biochar amendments are thought to improve soil quality and plant yield. However, little is known about their long-term impact on crop yield and the environment in tropical agro-ecosystems. In this study we investigated the effect of organic amendments (buffalo manure, compost and verrnicompost) and biochar (applied alone or with vermicompost) on plant yield, soil fertility, soil erosion and water dynamics in a degraded Acrisol in Vietnam. Maize growth and yield, as well as weed growth, were examined for three years in terrestrial mesocosms under natural rainfall. Maize yield and growth showed high inter-annual variability depending on the organic amendment. Vermicompost improved maize growth and yield but its effect was rather small and was only significant when water availability was limited (year 2). This suggests that vermicompost could be a promising substrate for improving the resistance of agrosystems to water stress. When the vermicompost biochar mixture was applied, further growth and yield improvements were recorded in some cases. When applied alone, biochar had a positive influence on maize yield and growth, thus confirming its interest for improving long-term soil productivity. All organic amendments reduced water runoff, soil detachment and NH4+ and NO3- transfer to water. These effects were more significant with vermicompost than with buffalo manure and compost, highlighting that the beneficial influence of vermicompost is not limited to its influence on plant yield. In addition, this study showed for the first time that the combination of vermicompost and biochar may not only improve plant productivity but also reduce the negative impact of agriculture on water quality. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Published
2015
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21. Heavy Metals Contamination in the Ecosystem of Mae Thang Reservoir in Northern Thailand

Author

Jean-Louis Janeau, Warinya Thothong, Séraphine Grellier, Clément Petitjean, Marie-Paule Bonnet, and Patrick Seyler

Subjects
Hydrology, Environmental chemistry, Soil water, Paddy field, Soil classification, Trace metal, sense organs, Water quality, Contamination, Water pollution, Soil contamination, Geology
Abstract

One critical concern for Thailand reservoirs which are used for irrigated agriculture (mainly paddy rice) and aquaculture is the lack of information on contamination from trace metal element (TME) in waters and biological compartments of the reservoirs. TME are both from natural and anthropogenic origins and may affect the quality of lake waters and food chain. The goal of this study was to evaluate the contamination in TME and study their transfer between the different compartments in and downstream of the reservoir. Fourteen TME have been measured in water column (dissolved phase), fishes, and sediments of the Mae Thang Reservoir (northern Thailand) as well as soil and rice grains of irrigated area. Analyses were performed by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometer (ICP-MS). This 2-year study showed that TME concentrations in water were lower than standards for irrigation and aquatic life. However, localized values of Fe and Mn were higher than the standard in the bottom of the reservoir in dry season. TME in sediments were relatively high compared to pristine lakes. Two species of fish were contaminated in As and Ni. Soils exceeded standard values for Cr, Ni, and Cu, while rice grains showed contamination in Ni that indicated a transfer between soil and rice grain. The accumulation of TME in sediments showed that upstream cultivated areas may have contributed to bring TME in the reservoir. TME concentrations in fishes were thus affected and should be controlled. Accumulation of TME in soils of paddy field due to the use of pesticides and fertilizer may increase contamination of rice in the long term.

Published
2015
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22. Water and health: what is the risk and visible burden of the exposure to environmental contaminations? Insights from a questionnaire-based survey in Northern Thailand

Author

Wasana Khaungaew, Kraichat Tantrakarnapa, Jean-Louis Janeau, Vincent Herbreteau, UMR 228 Espace-Dev, Espace pour le développement, Université des Antilles (UA)-Université de Guyane (UG)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Avignon Université (AU)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Phrae provincial Public Health Office, Ministry of Public Health - Thailande, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Biogéochimie et écologie des milieux continentaux (Bioemco), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AgroParisTech-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Géosciences Environnement Toulouse (GET), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Serge Morand, Jean-Pierre Dujardin, Régine Lefait-Robin, Chamnarn Apiwathnasorn, Université de Guyane (UG)-Université des Antilles (UA)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Avignon Université (AU)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Université de Montpellier (UM), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-AgroParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Avignon Université (AU)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université de Guyane (UG)-Université des Antilles (UA), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-AgroParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Morand, S. (ed.), Dujardin, Jean-Pierre (ed.), Lefait-Robin, R. (ed.), and Apiwathnasorn, C. (ed.)

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Inequality, Environmental contamination, media_common.quotation_subject, Context (language use), Environmental pollution, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Environmental health, Epidemiology, Northern Thailand, medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Environmental planning, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, media_common, Downstream (petroleum industry), 2. Zero hunger, business.industry, Public health, Water, [SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, 15. Life on land, Risk exposure, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, 6. Clean water, 3. Good health, Incentive, Geography, 13. Climate action, Agriculture, Health, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, business
Abstract

International audience; Understanding and measuring the consequences of environmental pollution on human health remains a challenge. Several barriers arise, with the difficulty in identifying uncommon pathologies but also with the limited knowledge of the real health status of populations that depends on the supply and use of care. In an effort to assess these barriers, we chose a study area severely affected by agricultural intensification to investigate the potential and visible impact of water pollution on human health. Located in northern Thailand, the study area includes a watershed, its reservoir and the irrigated area downstream. A questionnaire-based survey was conducted to assess the exposure of 297 households to potential water pollutions and understand their behaviour regarding the use of water and recourse to health services. The observations are discussed in the light of the epidemiological records provided by the Ministry of Public Health for the same area. The study shows the heterogeneity of the epidemiological data and the difficulty to assess the sanitary risk. Despite the small size of the study area, inequalities are observed, with remote populations having a poorer access to water with occasional shortage and a limited use of health services. In this context, the intensification of agriculture and the massive use of pesticides and fertilizers are likely to have serious consequences on human health. However, the impact of potential environmental pollution is not visible from the epidemiological records, because of a difficult diagnosis, a lack of consultation when symptoms are reversible and the long latency before clinical symptoms are apparent (example of cancers). Prevention and incentive from health authorities should help in reducing this risk.

Published
2015

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