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Syftet med denna studie är att beskriva hur judendom och judar klassificeras i tre bibliografiska klassifikationssystem som används på svenska bibliotek. De valda systemen är Dewey Decimal klassifikationssystemet (DDK), Klassifikationssystemet för svenska bibliotek (SAB) och Judiska biblioteks klassifikationssystem (Stockholmssystemet). Hermeneutikens teorier används som teoretisk utgångspunkt i kombination med Hope A. Olsons teori om makten att namnge och Broughton och Lomas modell om klassifikation av religion. Detta används för att analysera resultatet av studien. Det empiriska materialet insamlades genom en kvalitativ textstudie, vilket innebar en närläsning utifrån ett kodningsschema. Resultatet tematiserades i sex kategorier och analyserade utifrån de ovannämnda teorierna. DDK- och SAB-systemet representerar judar som en minoritet och judendom som religion tilldelas lite utrymme i klassifikationssystemen. I Stockholmssystemet är judendom och judar normen och den judiska tideräkningen och namnvarianter premieras, till skillnad från de övriga systemen. DDK-systemet presenterar judendom och judar med mångfald, Stockholmssystemet i lite mindre utsträckning och SAB-systemet utan någon mångfald., The aim of the study is to describe how Judaism and Jews are classified in the bibliographic classification systems that are used in Swedish libraries. The chosen systems are the Dewey Decimal Classification System (DDC), Classification System for Swedish Libraries (SAB) and the Jewish Library’s Classification system (The Stockholm System). Hermeneutics is the theoretical basis in combination with Hope A. Olson’s theory of the power to name and Broughton and Lomas model of the classification of religion. This is used to analyze the results of the study. The empirical material was gathered using a qualitative text study, which entailed a close reading with a coding schedule. The result was thematized into six categories and analyzed with the aforementioned theories. The DDC and SAB systems represent Jews as a minority and Judaism as a religion is given little space in the classification systems. Judaism and Jews are the norm in the Stockholm system and Jewish chronology and name variants are promoted. The DDC system presents Judaism and Jews with diversity, the Stockholm system less so and the SAB system contains no diversity.

In 2008, the National Library of Sweden decided to discontinue the use of the Swedish classification system SAB when classifying the national bibliography in favor of DDC, from 2011 onwards. At the same time, the Swedish Library Association advocated for all Swedish libraries to follow the National Library’s decision and switch to DDC. While the university libraries switched to DDC following these decisions and recommendations, the transition for the public libraries has been slow. The purpose of this bachelor’s thesis is to examine to what extent SAB, DDC and different shelving solutions are used at Swedish public libraries and what arguments are used for the respective systems. Applying a neo-institutional perspective, the study aims to explain how the usage of a particular classification system could impact public libraries’ legitimacy. A web questionnaire was sent out to the main library for all 290 Swedish municipalities, of which 203 main libraries responded. The results show that SAB is the most used classification system at Swedish public libraries, and that a switch to DDC is not prioritized. Arguments for continued use of SAB are mainly that staff and patrons are used to it, while arguments for switching to DDC relates to the National Library’s decision to switch. The study concludes that both classification systems can be used without impacting the public libraries legitimacy for now, but that SAB will become more and more outdated and might have negative effects on the public libraries’ legitimacy in the future.

The Royal Library of Sweden (KB), which serves as the national library in Sweden, decided in November of 2008 to start using DDC instead of SAB. For a long time, SAB was used as the main classification system in Sweden across all types of libraries. The reasons for this decision were among others that it would help swedish libraries to become more interconnected with libraries in other european countries, who already use DDC. Another reason for the decision is that DDC already has a support network and regularly gets new editions and updates. But now all of the university libraries in Sweden have switched to DDC in some capacity, for either the entire or parts of the library's collection. Public libraries however mostly still use SAB for both their collections and classification. The purpose of this study, which takes place in the spring of 2021, is to examine librarians preferences and opinions about these two systems. Semi-structured qualitative interviews with a total of six librarians across four different academic libraries in Sweden, have been conducted to accomplish this. For this study, a number of psychological terms have been used as a theoretical framework to analyze the librarians opinions. These terms are: preferences, stability, trends and mere-exposure. The findings show that a majority of the librarians prefer SAB over DDC. Moreover they also considered that The Royal Library of Sweden made the correct decision to switch to DDC.

In November 2008 The National library of Sweden announced that they had decided to switch classification system from the Swedish made SAB system to the international Dewey decimal classification system, in their announcements were recommendations for other libraries to also make the transition to Dewey. This decision was based on cataloging work with being able to reuse international material, make Swedish material more visible internationally and work with a system that is constantly maintained. The purpose of this study is to examine how DDC has influenced the public libraries from librarian’s perspectives, and if the transition has affected the organization negatively. It will also study the librarian's experience and thoughts about the transition and DDC as the topic. This study will apply the theory of new institutional theory, or neo-institutional theory, on the way organizations are understood with how they change to be more alike to each other, where the concepts of isomorphism will be used as analytical concepts and themes to understand how the changes can happen. Through semi-structured interviews six librarians got interviewed from five different public libraries, who also had experienced the transition from SAB to Dewey. The findings are that Dewey as a system did not have any severe or bad consequences to the public libraries who implemented it, but that it still has aspects to it that works poorly which proves that Dewey still needs to get more adapted to public libraries in Sweden.

Den svenska användningen av programvaror i byggsektorn i dagens samhälle använder inte ett gemensamt och digitalt anpassat klassifikationssystem för hanteringen av information inom BIM. Problemet har orsakat ineffektivt informationsutbyte mellan olika aktörer i byggprocessen och fortsatt över hela livscykeln. Stora mängder information förloras och missförstås, vilket har resulterat i förhöjda kostnader och tidsfördröjningar. I det här examensarbetet undersöks av den anledningen om informationsutbyte mellan olika aktörer kan förbättras. Det här har gjorts genom att undersöka det nuvarande klassifikationssystemet BSAB 96 som används i byggsektorn och ett nytt system benämnt CoClass. Målet med undersökningen har varit att identifiera bristerna med BSAB 96 och utreda om det nya systemet har förmågan att lösa dessa brister. För att sedan kunna bli ett bättre klassifikationssystem som kan används för framtiden av den svenska byggsektorn. Vidare har även svårigheter och hinder vid användning av CoClass undersökts. Insamlingen av information har genomförts med stöd av litteraturstudie och en empirisk undersökning i form av kvalitativa intervjuer. Respondenter valdes selektivt för intervjuerna för att erhålla relevant information, då studien har behövt kvalitativ information som har förbindelse med byggsektorn. Studien har visat att det förekommer tydliga brister och problem med BSAB 96 som behöver utvecklas för att bemöta de digitala behov som finns idag. BSAB-systemet anses som inte tillräckligt utbyggt längre för att klassificera effektivt och korrekt av en del aktörer i byggsektorn. Vidare har systemet inte heller någon form av gränssnitt som kan stödja kommunikationen mellan andra applikationsprogram och programvaror. Det nya klassifikationssystemet CoClass däremot är ett vältänkt och digitalt anpassat system som har visat en utökad mängd tabeller, klasser, egenskaper och många nya funktioner. CoClass har en stor potential för att lösa bristerna med BSAB 96 och samtidi, The swedish usage of software in the construction sector, currently does not use a mutual and digitally adapted classification system for the management of information in BIM. Problems such as inefficient exchange of information among participants occur during the construction process and continues to do so over the whole life cycle. Large amounts of information are lost and misunderstood, which causes severe cost increases and time delays. Thus, in this thesis a study has been conducted to research if the exchange of information among participants during the construction process can be improved upon. This have been accomplished by investigating the current classification system BSAB 96 that is being used, alongside the introduction of a new one entitled CoClass. The aim of this study has therefore been to identify the problems with BSAB 96. And to clarify if CoClass can resolve these problems and become a better classification system for the future of the swedish construction sector. A literature study and an empirical study in the form of qualitative research interviews have been carried out to conduct this study. In conclusion, the study has shown that there are clear signs of problems with the usage of BSAB 96 regarding the digital needs that are required in our current society. The introduction of the new classification system, CoClass, has shown impressive signs of potential to attain the requirements needed. But it does not come without challenges, among the interviewees a lot of them have interpreted the new system as very abstract and complicated, which can also be considered as deterrent.

Syftet med den här studien är att utreda hur CoClass fungerar som ett nytt klassifikationssystem och informationshanteringen i praktiken. Studien ska också undersöka varför det behövs ett nytt klassifikationssystem och även jämföras med det nuvarande BSAB-systemet. Det ska också belysa den hållbara satsningen som CoClass ska generera. Nämligen, hur CoClass är mer sammanhängande och konsekvent än det uttjänade systemet. Målformulering: Målet med arbetet är att visa på ett välgrundat sätt att CoClass har fler fördelar än det gamla BSAB-systemet. Det vill säga, hur det funkar bättre för alla parter inom branschen. Tillika att utreda om det finns det några aspekter/område där BSAB-systemet är bättre, smidigare eller enklare. Med den information som finns från användare och skapare av de båda klassifikationssystemen, kommer slutledning att försökas göras. Frågeställning: 1. Hur ser materialklassifikationssystemen ut idag? 2. Varför behövs ett nytt klassifikationssystem som CoClass? 3. Vilka utmaningar finns det med att implementera CoClass? Metod: Studien byggs på en litteraturstudie samt empiri från en kvalitativ intervjumetodik. Totalt har sex respondenter intervjuats. Resultat: Resultatet som kan dras från studien är att CoClass har stor potential till att ta över rollen som det viktigaste klassifikationssystemet efter BSAB, och är nödvändigt för att byggbranschen ska kunna utvecklas digitalt.

Introduction. This thesis is set in the field of critical knowledge organization and indigenous knowledge organi- zation. Building on the theory of domain analysis I chose the Saami Library in Sweden as the domain for this thesis. The purpose was to identify the structures of power affecting how the lives and experiences of the Saami people are represented in the library catalogue and in the classification systems used, and to examine the views on knowledge expressed in the classification systems. Theory and method. This thesis builds upon the writings on deconstruction. I seek to deconstruct the cata- logue and the classification system using tools derived from the writings of Jacques Derrida. Analysis. Nine posts from the catalogue, and the classification codes entered there were analysed. Emphasis was put on analysing the DDC classification as this is the primary classification system used. Results. From analysing the classifications and the catalogue posts I found that the representations of the Saami experiences varied depending on which subject class the book belonged to. A majority of the posts analysed were classified as social sciences in DDC whereas the classifications were more varied in the Swedish SAB- system. Conclusion. Two structures have been identified. The first structure places the Saami experiences as some- thing that is other, in relation to which the mainstream is defined. The second structure places the Saami experi- ences as part of a diversity, separate from the unity of the mainstream society. This structure only acknowledges the existence of diversity if this means that the position of the unity is strengthened. Concerning the second purpose of the thesis I find that a western knowledge perspective has got a hegemonic position in the DDC, which means that other knowledge systems such as indigenous knowledge is not seen as such but as something only related to a specific group. This is a two years master’s thesis in Library and Information

Digital informationsmodellering i anläggningsarbeten och byggnader har blivit allt vanligare i byggbranschen. Detta till följd av branschens teknikutveckling, nya standarder och behov av att se byggnadsobjekten i ett livscykelperspektiv. Det har resulterat i att allt större krav ställs på att kunna samordna och klassificera informationen under hela bygg- och förvaltningsprocessen. Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka den potentiella nyttan av att använda CoClass i ett förvaltningsskede och vad som krävs för att underlätta implementering av CoClass för fastighetsförvaltare. Studiens design har utformats som en fallstudie för att uppnå studiens syfte. Som datainsamlingsmetod har semistrukturerade intervjuer gjorts där fem personer som arbetar med systemförvaltning intervjuats. Det erhållna resultatet visar att systemleverantörer av fastighetssystem är redo att tillämpa CoClass men att det saknas kunskap och kompetens vilket medför att det är svårt för förvaltare att kravställa CoClass. Studien har bidragit till djupare förståelse för hur det nya klassifikationssystemet CoClass är uppbyggt och hur det är tänkt att tillämpas. Studien har också visat att CoClass har potentialen att vara det framtida klassifikationssystemet för all bebyggd miljö i Sverige men det krävs att branschen är eniga och har kunskapen som krävs för att nyttja det.

The responsibility for the Swedish national classification system "Klassifikationssystem för svenska bibliotek" (SAB) was passed to Kungliga Biblioteket (KB) 2014 and they ceased to update the system. Instead, KB encourages the Swedish libraries to use the American classification system Dewey decimal classification system (DDC). In a survey from 2016 around 80 % of the Swedish public libraries claim that a shift to DDC is not being planned. This study aims to make a comparative study of these two systems (SAB & DDC) and the new classification system Rainbow which was created in Örnsköldsvik because the librarians who worked there didn’t find either SAB or DDC to be user friendly enough systems. By using a set of concepts the study aims to answer the question what likenesses and differences the three systems have in terms of notation, and to which degree they correspond to the concepts formulated by Batley. By using a comparative system analysis of the notation of the three system the conclusion that SAB fulfills the theoretical framework to 40%, DDC to 40% and Rainbow to 60% where reached.

The following thesis aims to account for and describe the variations of perceptions that public librarians have regarding user-friendliness of the classification systems that are used in Swedish public libraries. How user-friendliness and the classification systems are perceived are examined to understand how the librarians might connect these two together. The thesis is based on the qualitive research methodology of phenomenography which is a method used in order to create an understanding of the variations of perceptions of a phenomenon. The phenomenographic method is applied by using qualitative interviews. For this study eight public librarians in the Stockholm region have been interviewed. The interviews were conducted in a phenomenographic manner and were set out to be a dialogue between the interviewer and the interviewee. All the libraries in the study are currently working in the SAB classification system. The study shows that there are a variation of different perceptions of user-friendliness and the classification systems. One perception that is found is that SAB is not user-friendly because of the lack of logic within the system and it is a common impression that users find the system confusing. A perception also states that SAB is “a dead system”, referring to the fact that SAB no longer is updated. The perception means that in time, SAB will not be a useable system. Another perception contradicts the first one and says that SAB is a system that users usually understand to a certain degree. The users have the capability to operate within the system to find literature they seek but as they submerge deeper into the systems hierarchy most users usually get confused. Another perception is that the connection between user-friendliness and classification systems is not of importance. This perception proclaims that user-friendliness can be achieved by working with signage and shelf placement instead. The study also shows that there is a gap between how the li

Verfasserin: B.A. Isabella Larissa Stoew geb. Gailer, Universität Innsbruck, Masterarbeit, 2019, (VLID)4350700

I takt med att byggsektorn övergår till digital informationsmodellering av sina projekt ökar även behovet för att samordna och effektivisera hanteringen av denna information. Ett gemensamt språk i form av ett branschgemensamt klassifikationssystem kan leda till miljardbesparingar. Inom kalkyleringen är det viktigt att rätt informationshantering sker för att bidra till att en så noggrann kalkyl som möjligt kan utföras. Syftet med studien är att undersöka hur de tre olika systemen, BSAB 83, BSAB 96 och CoClass, skiljer sig och ställa de i kontrast mot varandra för att påvisa dessa skillnader. Målet är att studien skall kunna ligga till grund för hur ÅF kan skapa kalkyler klassade enligt CoClass. För att uppnå rapportens syfte och besvara frågeställningar har granskningen bestått av litteraturstudier, intervjuer, en komparativ studie och en fallstudie. Dessa metoder har bidragit i sin tur att resultatet av studien visade att ÅF skulle kunna övergå till CoClass på ett effektivt sätt. Vid jämförelsen mellan systemen har det visat sig att CoClass är ett mer omfattande och ett heltäckande system som struktureras på ett annat vis i motsats till de tidigare klassifikationssystemen. Med hänsyn till studiens resultat kan en kalkylstruktur enligt CoClass implementeras i ÅF:s nuvarande arbetssätt, där färdiga recept för byggdelar fortfarande kan användas. Rekommendationen är att betrakta komponent-tabellen som likvärdig till produktionsresultatet vid kalkylarbete med CoClass struktur i MAP. Detta hade i det långa loppet varit en sund strategi, både ekonomiskt men främst tidsmässigt., As the construction industry shifts to digital information modeling of its projects, the need to coordinate and improve the efficiency of the management of this information increases. A common language in the form of an industry-wide classification system could lead to billions in savings annually. In the calculation, it is important that the correct information management is included in order to provide the most accurate calculation possible. The aim of this study is to examine how the three different systems, BSAB 83, BSAB 96 and CoClass, differ and stand in contrast to each other to highlight and demonstrate such differences. The purpose of the study is that it should be used as a basis for how ÅF can create classified calculations with CoClass. To achieve the aim of the report and answer the research questions, the examination consisted of literature studies, interviews, a comparative study and a case study. These methods contributed to the following result: ÅF could effectively transfer to the CoClass system. When comparing the systems, it has been shown that CoClass is a more extensive and comprehensive system structured in a different way as opposed to the previous classification systems. Based on the results of the study, a calculation structure according to CoClass can be implemented in ÅF's current working methods, where ready-made recipe for building components can still be used. The recommendation is to consider the component table as equivalent to the production result in the calculation work with CoClass structure in the MAP. In the long run, this would have been an efficient strategy, both economically and primarily less time-consuming.

During the last three years the Malmö City Library made a transition from the Swedish classification system SAB to the internationally established Dewey Decimal Classification. The Malmö City Library is the first public library of a larger magnitude to make such a transition in Sweden. The aim of this thesis is to contribute with knowledge and reflections about how the Dewey Decimal Classification can be used by public libraries in Sweden and to study the relationship between classification systems and the local needs of libraries. The theoretical framework is based on Bowker and Star’s notion of classification systems as a form of infrastructure. The methodology rests on a qualitative foundation, albeit with quantitative elements. The methods used are interviews and observations of the physical environment, the open access catalog and the website of the Malmö City Library. The thesis shows that the adaption quite strictly follows the guidelines of the National Library of Sweden and the structure of the Dewey Decimal Classification. It highlights the need for good guidelines for public libraries to use the Dewey Decimal System in an effective and ethical way. The thesis also describes multiple customizations made by the Malmö City Library to fit the needs of their users and the many alternative approaches that have been made available to the users to find what they are looking for. It shows how these customizations along with the knowledge of the librarians may compensate for some of the ethical flaws in the Dewey Decimal Classification, even though the classification system remains quite invisible to the users.