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BIYIK, Selim/0000-0003-4152-2596; GULER, Ahmet/0000-0003-0167-2346 WOS: 000395750400012 In the present study, 100 pure and adulterated honey samples produced by feeding colonies with different levels (5, 20 and 100 L/colony) of various commercial industrial sugar syrups such as High Fructose Corn Syrup 85 (HFCS-85), High Fructose Corn Syrup 55 (HFCS-55), Glucose Monohydrate Sugar (GMS), Bee Feeding Syrup (BFS) and Sucrose Syrup (SS) were evaluated in terms of sugar ingredients, physicochemical, mineral matter, vitamin and enzyme contents. Proline, electrical conductivity, free acidity, vitamin, mineral and enzyme content of honey were significantly affected by sugar origin and syrup levels. Fructose and glucose content of honey were not reliable criteria for distinguishing adulterated honey obtained by overfeeding honey bees (100 L/colony syrup) with sugar having balanced monosaccharide fraction. For pure blossom honey having EC value below 0.20 mS/cm should be evaluated as indirect adulterated with commercial industrial sugars originating from both C3 and C4 plants. In addition, proline content of pure blossom honey below 300 mg/kg might be an indicator for overfeeding honey bee colonies with HFCS-85 and SS. It is clear that the important biochemical and biological degradation occurred in honey when the colonies overfed with industrial sugars syrup during the main nectar flow. The values of biochemical properties found in the present study are important references to be used for revision of national and international standards.

GULER, Ahmet/0000-0003-0167-2346; BIYIK, Selim/0000-0003-4152-2596 WOS: 000374311300004 In this study, 25 chemical characteristics of 60 pure and adulterated honey samples obtained from feeding honeybee colonies with different syrup levels (20 and 100 L/colony) of High Fructose Corn Syrup 85 (HFCS-85), High Fructose Corn Syrup 55 (HFCS-55) and sucrose (SS) were statistically analysed in order to determine their discriminative power using a Stepwise Method. Seven characteristics including C-4%, vitamin C, Fructose/Glucose (F/G), viscosity, invertase and the difference between the delta C-13 value of honey and its protein (Delta delta C-13(p-h)) were found to be discriminative. These seven characteristics allowed 60 honey samples to be grouped in their original groups with complete accuracy. The original sources of eight honey samples of unknown origin could be identified by using Standard Multivariate Canonical Discriminant Function and Constant Descriptive Coefficients (SMCDFCDC) belonging to the seven biochemical characteristics. It is possible to identify any honey sample of unknown origin taken from the market or brought to the laboratory for analysis as pure or adulterated by using these functions and descriptive coefficients. TUBITAK (The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey)Turkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arastirma Kurumu (TUBITAK) [111 O 268 TOVAG]; TUBITAKTurkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arastirma Kurumu (TUBITAK) This study was funded by TUBITAK (The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey) with project number 111 O 268 TOVAG and the title "Determination of the effect of some industrial sugars on honeybee (Apis mellifera L.) colony productivity, behavior and honey quality". The authors are grateful to TUBITAK for financial support and Dr. Semiha Guler for her contribution to the manuscript.

Tez (yüksek lisans) -- Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi, 2019 Libra Kayıt No: 131258 …

Samsun İli İlkadım ilçesi Bilmece Köyü'den sağlanan ve soğuk zincirde muhafaza edilen taze arı polenleri (yedi farklı numune) uygun şartlar altında üç farklı yöntemle (etüv, vakum ve IR) kurutuldu. Farklı renk ağırlıklı polenlerin renk yüzdeleri ve Farbenatlas ile renk kodları belirlendi.Tez çalışmasında, arı polenlerinin metanol, etanol, su özütlerinin toplam fenolik madde, toplam flavonoid, toplam antosiyanin ve antioksidan (serbest radikal giderme) aktivitesi spektrofotometrik olarak tayin edildi.Özütlerin fenolik içeriği çözücü olarak su kullanıldığında 68,12-416,05 GAE mg/g arasında, etanol kullanıldığında 150,49-492,85 GAE mg/g arasında, metanol kullanıldığında 263,91-634,89 GAE mg/g arasında, flavonoid içeriği etanol çözücüsünde 179,39-640,48 mg quercetin/g arasında, antosiyanin içeriği etanol çözücüsünde 219,38-996,48 mg siyanidin-3-glukozid/g arasında olduğu, % serbest radikal giderme aktivitesi 75,49-99,84 olduğu tespit edildi.Farklı çözücülerde hazırlanan özütlerden fenolik madde metanol özütünde en yüksek olduğu belirlendi. Antioksidan aktivite testlerinde pozitif kontrol olarak bütillenmiş hidroksianisol kullanıldı. Farklı derişimlerdeki (10 mg/mL-1 mg/mL-0,1 mg/mL) özüt ve standart maddelerin antioksidant aktivitelerinin derişime bağlı olarak arttığı ve özütlerin aktiviteleri standartlara oldukça yakın değerlerde olduğu belirlendi.Bileşen analiz ve aktivite sonuçları kaynak araştırmasına göre değerlendirildi ve standart sapmaların hesaplamaları kullanılarak sonuçlar arasında anlamlı fark olup olmadığı belirlendi. Fresh bee pollen (seven different samples) which was obtained from province of Samsun, county of İlkadım, village Bilmece and preserved in cold chain was drained under favorable conditions in three different methods. The colour percent of pollens in different colour weight were characterized colour codes with farbenatlas.In the thesis, methanol, ethanol and water extracts of bee pollen total phenolic item, flavonoid, anthocyanin and antioksidant activity was identified as spectrophotometric.The fenolic content of extract between in water solvent 68,12-416,05 GAE mg/g, in ethanol solvent 150,49-492,85 GAE mg/g, in methanol solvent 263,91-634,89 GAE mg/g; the flavanoid content of extract between in ethanol solvent 179,39-640,48 mg quercetin/g, the anthocyanin content of extract between in ethanol solvent 219,38-996,48 mg siyanidin-3-glukozid /g the percent free radical scavenging activity of extract between 75,49-99,84 was detected.The extracts which were prepared from different solvent was identified the highest in fenolic item methanol extract. In antioksidant activity test as a pozitive control BHA was used. In different concentrations (10 mg/mL-1 mg/mL-0,1 mg/mL) extract and standart item's rise according to the antioksidant activity concentration and extract's activities are very close to the standarts were identified.Component analyze and activity results were evaluated according to the literature resarch by using the standart deviation, it was identified if there was any reasonable differences. 197

Bu çalışmada 2-hidroksianilin, 2-hidroksi-4-metilanilin 2-hidroksi-4-kloranilin ve 2-hidroksi-5-nitroanilinin diazolandırılması ve timol ve de öjenol ile kenetlenmesi sonucu monoazo boyarmadeleri olan o-hidroksiazo ve o,o'-dihidroksiazo türevi renklendiriceler elde edildi. Birleşiklerin eldesi iki basamakta gerçekleştirildi. Birinci basamakta, anilin türevleri doğrudan diazolanma yöntemi ile diazolandırıldı. İkinci basamakta, diazonyum tuzları üzerine katı, sıvı ve ya çözelti halinde bulunan timol ve öjenol ilave ederek kenetlenme işlemi gerçekleştirildi.Elde edilen boyarmaddelerin saflık kontrolleri ince tabaka kromatoğrafisi ve erime noktası ile gerçekleştirildikten sonra UV-VIS, IR, 1 H-NMR, 13 C-NMR ve kütle spektrometrisi (MS) teknikleri ile incelendi.Elde edilen boyarmaddelerin yapıları spektroskopik yöntemlerle belirlendikten sonra yün, pamuk ve saten türü kumaşlar uygun şartlar altında renklendirildi. Boyanan kumaşların standart yöntemler sürtünme ve yıkama haslık analizleri gerçekleştirildi. In this study, firstly we gained from 2-hydroxyaniline, 2-hydroxy-4-methylaniline, 2-hydroxy-4-chloraniline and 2-hydroxy-5-nitroaniline. In the next step, after coupling of diazonium salts with thymol or eugenol, we have synthesed new o-hydroxyazo and o,o'-dihydroxyazo dyes.After the purity control of the dyes by thin layer chromatography and melting points have been determined by employing UV-VIS, IR, 1 H-NMR, 13 C-NMR and mass spectrometry.In order to find a standard dyeing methods for dyes, various fabrics were dyed after the characterisation of the dyes by thermal analysis and spectroscopic methods. Depending on the results of the analysis, we can definitely mention that the achieved substance is the best solution for dyeing cotton and wool materials. The fastness analysis of the light, rubbing and washing were performed on the dyed fabrics according to the standardmethods. 158

Tez (yüksek lisans) -- Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi, 2018 Libra Kayıt No: 120104 …

Tez (yüksek lisans) -- Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi, 2015 Libra Kayıt No: 116037 …