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9. Effects of Rheum palmatum Root on In Vitro and In Vivo Methane Production and Rumen Fermentation Characteristics.

Author

Lee, Seong Shin, Wi, Jisoo, Kim, Hyun Sang, Seong, Pil Nam, Lee, Sung Dae, Kim, Jungeun, and Lee, Yookyung

Subjects
RUMEN fermentation, CATTLE feeding & feeds, HERBAL medicine, FATTY acids, LIPASES, CONTROL groups
Abstract

Simple Summary: This study was conducted to explore the optimal level of Rheum palmatum root (RP) for the mitigation of enteric methane and demonstrate the effects on methane production and rumen fermentation characteristics in cattle fed with RP. In the in vitro trial, 3% of RP addition most effectively reduced methane production, which determined the feeding level for the test subjects in the in vivo trial. In the in vivo trial, RP addition did not affect methane emissions in the steers, likely due to the adaptation of ruminal microorganisms to the RP addition. This study investigated the impact of Rheum palmatum root (RP) for reducing methane and its impact on rumen fermentation and blood metabolites in cattle. Rumen fluid was collected from three cannulated steers (736 ± 15 kg) and mixed with buffer (1:3 ratio) for the in vitro trial. Treatments were divided into control and RP supplement groups (1%, 3%, and 5% of substrates), with each sample incubated at 39 °C for 24 and 48 hours. Methane was measured after incubation, showing a dose-dependent linear decrease after 48 hours. Quadratic changes were observed in total volatile fatty acids, acetate, and butyrate. Additionally, in vitro dry matter digestibility decreased linearly with RP inclusion. In vivo trials involved four Korean steers in a 2 × 2 crossover design over 3 weeks, with treatments including a control group and a group with 3% RP addition. Dry matter intake (DMI) tended to decrease in the RP group compared to the control. Methane emissions (g/kg DMI) were not affected by RP addition. Blood metabolites indicated higher lipase concentrations in the RP group. In conclusion, RP reduced methane production in the in vitro trial but had no effect in the in vivo trial, likely due to adaptation of ruminal bacteria to RP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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13. Predictors of compliance with COVID-19 guidelines across countries: the role of social norms, moral values, trust, stress, and demographic factors

Author

Blackburn, Angélique M., primary, Han, Hyemin, additional, Jeftić, Alma, additional, Stöckli, Sabrina, additional, Gelpí, Rebekah, additional, Acosta-Ortiz, Alida M., additional, Travaglino, Giovanni A., additional, Alvarado, Rebecca, additional, Lacko, David, additional, Milfont, Taciano L., additional, Chrona, Stavroula, additional, Griffin, Siobhán M., additional, Tamayo-Agudelo, William, additional, Lee, Yookyung, additional, and Vestergren, Sara, additional

Published
2023
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19. Oral administration of Pinus koraiensis cone essential oil reduces rumen methane emission by altering the rumen microbial composition and functions in Korean native goat (Capra hircus coreanae)

Author

Choi, Youyoung, primary, Lee, Shin Ja, additional, Kim, Hyun Sang, additional, Eom, Jun Sik, additional, Jo, Seong Uk, additional, Guan, Le Luo, additional, Seo, Jakyeom, additional, Park, Tansol, additional, Lee, Yookyung, additional, Lee, Sang Suk, additional, and Lee, Sung Sill, additional

Published
2023
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21. COVIDiSTRESS diverse dataset on psychological and behavioural outcomes one year into the COVID-19 pandemic

Author

Blackburn, Angélique M., Vestergren, Sara, Tran, Thao P., Stöckli, Sabrina, Griffin, Siobhán M., Ntontis, Evangelos, Jeftic, Alma, Chrona, Stavroula, Ikizer, Gözde, Han, Hyemin, Milfont, Taciano L., Parry, Douglas, Byrne, Grace, Gómez-López, Mercedes, Acosta, Alida, Kowal, Marta, Leon, Gabriel De, Gallegos, Aranza, Perez, Miles, Abdelrahman, Mohamed, Ahern, Elayne, Yar, Ahmad Wali Ahmad, Ahmed, Oli, Alami, Nael H., Amin, Rizwana, Andersen, Lykke E., Araújo, Bráulio Oliveira, Asongu, Norah Aziamin, Bartsch, Fabian, Bavoľár, Jozef, Bhatta, Khem Raj, Bircan, Tuba, Bita, Shalani, Bombuwala, Hasitha, Brik, Tymofii, Cakal, Huseyin, Caniëls, Marjolein, Carballo, Marcela, Carvalho, Nathalia M., Cely, Laura, Chang, Sophie, Chayinska, Maria, Chen, Fang-Yu, Ch’ng, Brendan, Chukwuorji, JohnBosco Chika, Costa, Ana Raquel, Dalizu, Vidijah Ligalaba, Deschrijver, Eliane, Aldemir, İlknur Dilekler, Doherty, Anne M., Doller, Rianne, Dubrov, Dmitrii, Elegbede, Salem, Elizalde, Jefferson, Ermagan-Caglar, Eda, Fernández-Morales, Regina, García-Castro, Juan Diego, Gelpí, Rebekah, Ghafori, Shagofah, Goldberg, Ximena, González-Uribe, Catalina, Alpízar-Rojas, Harlen, Haugestad, Christian Andres Palacios, Higuera, Diana, Hoorelbeke, Kristof, Hristova, Evgeniya, Hubená, Barbora, Huq, Hamidul, Ihaya, Keiko, Jayathilake, Gosith, Jen, Enyi, Jinadasa, Amaani, Joksimovic, Jelena, Kačmár, Pavol, Kadreva, Veselina, Kalinova, Kalina, Kandeel, Huda Anter Abdallah, Kellezi, Blerina, Khan, Sammyh, Kontogianni, Maria, Koszałkowska, Karolina, Hanusz, Krzysztof, Lacko, David, Landa-Blanco, Miguel, Lee, Yookyung, Lieberoth, Andreas, Lins, Samuel, Liutsko, Liudmila, Londero-Santos, Amanda, Mauritsen, Anne Lundahl, Maegli, María Andrée, Magidie, Patience, Maharjan, Roji, Makaveeva, Tsvetelina, Makhubela, Malose, Malagón, María Gálvis, Malykh, Sergey, Mamede, Salomé, Mandillah, Samuel, Mansoor, Mohammad Sabbir, Mari, Silvia, Marín-López, Inmaculada, Marot, Tiago A., Martínez, Sandra, Mauka, Juma, Moss, Sigrun Marie, Mushtaq, Asia, Musliu, Arian, Mususa, Daniel, Najmussaqib, Arooj, Nasheeda, Aishath, Nasr, Ramona, Machado, Natalia Niño, Natividade, Jean Carlos, Ngowi, Honest Prosper, Nyarangi, Carolyne, Ogunbode, Charles, Onyutha, Charles, Padmakumar, K., Paniagua, Walter, Pena, Maria Caridad, Pírko, Martin, Portela, Mayda, Pouretemad, Hamidreza, Rachev, Nikolay, Ratodi, Muhamad, Reifler, Jason, Sadeghi, Saeid, Sahayanathan, Harishanth Samuel, Sanchez, Eva, Sandbakken, Ella Marie, Sandesh, Dhakal, Sanjesh, Shrestha, Schrötter, Jana, Shanthakumar, Sabarjah, Sikka, Pilleriin, Slaveykova, Konstantina, Studzinska, Anna, Subandi, Fadelia Deby, Subedi, Namita, Sullivan, Gavin Brent, Tag, Benjamin, Delphine, Takem Ebangha Agbor, Tamayo-Agudelo, William, Travaglino, Giovanni A., Tuominen, Jarno, Türk-Kurtça, Tuğba, Vakai, Matutu, Volkodav, Tatiana, Wang, Austin Horng-En Wang, Williams, Alphonsus, Wu, Charles, Yamada, Yuki, Yaneva, Teodora, Yañez, Nicolás, Yeh, Yao-Yuan, Zoletic, Emina, Blackburn, Angélique M., Vestergren, Sara, Tran, Thao P., Stöckli, Sabrina, Griffin, Siobhán M., Ntontis, Evangelos, Jeftic, Alma, Chrona, Stavroula, Ikizer, Gözde, Han, Hyemin, Milfont, Taciano L., Parry, Douglas, Byrne, Grace, Gómez-López, Mercedes, Acosta, Alida, Kowal, Marta, Leon, Gabriel De, Gallegos, Aranza, Perez, Miles, Abdelrahman, Mohamed, Ahern, Elayne, Yar, Ahmad Wali Ahmad, Ahmed, Oli, Alami, Nael H., Amin, Rizwana, Andersen, Lykke E., Araújo, Bráulio Oliveira, Asongu, Norah Aziamin, Bartsch, Fabian, Bavoľár, Jozef, Bhatta, Khem Raj, Bircan, Tuba, Bita, Shalani, Bombuwala, Hasitha, Brik, Tymofii, Cakal, Huseyin, Caniëls, Marjolein, Carballo, Marcela, Carvalho, Nathalia M., Cely, Laura, Chang, Sophie, Chayinska, Maria, Chen, Fang-Yu, Ch’ng, Brendan, Chukwuorji, JohnBosco Chika, Costa, Ana Raquel, Dalizu, Vidijah Ligalaba, Deschrijver, Eliane, Aldemir, İlknur Dilekler, Doherty, Anne M., Doller, Rianne, Dubrov, Dmitrii, Elegbede, Salem, Elizalde, Jefferson, Ermagan-Caglar, Eda, Fernández-Morales, Regina, García-Castro, Juan Diego, Gelpí, Rebekah, Ghafori, Shagofah, Goldberg, Ximena, González-Uribe, Catalina, Alpízar-Rojas, Harlen, Haugestad, Christian Andres Palacios, Higuera, Diana, Hoorelbeke, Kristof, Hristova, Evgeniya, Hubená, Barbora, Huq, Hamidul, Ihaya, Keiko, Jayathilake, Gosith, Jen, Enyi, Jinadasa, Amaani, Joksimovic, Jelena, Kačmár, Pavol, Kadreva, Veselina, Kalinova, Kalina, Kandeel, Huda Anter Abdallah, Kellezi, Blerina, Khan, Sammyh, Kontogianni, Maria, Koszałkowska, Karolina, Hanusz, Krzysztof, Lacko, David, Landa-Blanco, Miguel, Lee, Yookyung, Lieberoth, Andreas, Lins, Samuel, Liutsko, Liudmila, Londero-Santos, Amanda, Mauritsen, Anne Lundahl, Maegli, María Andrée, Magidie, Patience, Maharjan, Roji, Makaveeva, Tsvetelina, Makhubela, Malose, Malagón, María Gálvis, Malykh, Sergey, Mamede, Salomé, Mandillah, Samuel, Mansoor, Mohammad Sabbir, Mari, Silvia, Marín-López, Inmaculada, Marot, Tiago A., Martínez, Sandra, Mauka, Juma, Moss, Sigrun Marie, Mushtaq, Asia, Musliu, Arian, Mususa, Daniel, Najmussaqib, Arooj, Nasheeda, Aishath, Nasr, Ramona, Machado, Natalia Niño, Natividade, Jean Carlos, Ngowi, Honest Prosper, Nyarangi, Carolyne, Ogunbode, Charles, Onyutha, Charles, Padmakumar, K., Paniagua, Walter, Pena, Maria Caridad, Pírko, Martin, Portela, Mayda, Pouretemad, Hamidreza, Rachev, Nikolay, Ratodi, Muhamad, Reifler, Jason, Sadeghi, Saeid, Sahayanathan, Harishanth Samuel, Sanchez, Eva, Sandbakken, Ella Marie, Sandesh, Dhakal, Sanjesh, Shrestha, Schrötter, Jana, Shanthakumar, Sabarjah, Sikka, Pilleriin, Slaveykova, Konstantina, Studzinska, Anna, Subandi, Fadelia Deby, Subedi, Namita, Sullivan, Gavin Brent, Tag, Benjamin, Delphine, Takem Ebangha Agbor, Tamayo-Agudelo, William, Travaglino, Giovanni A., Tuominen, Jarno, Türk-Kurtça, Tuğba, Vakai, Matutu, Volkodav, Tatiana, Wang, Austin Horng-En Wang, Williams, Alphonsus, Wu, Charles, Yamada, Yuki, Yaneva, Teodora, Yañez, Nicolás, Yeh, Yao-Yuan, and Zoletic, Emina

Published
2023

22. Long-term Predictors of Compliance with COVID-19 Guidelines Across Countries: The role of social norms, trust, stress, demographic factors, and moral values

Author

Blackburn, Angelique M., Han, Hyemin, Jeftic, Alma, Stoeckli, Sabrina, Gelpi, Rebekah, Ortiz, Alida Maria Acosta, Travaglino, Giovanni A., Alvarado, Rebecca, Lacko, David, Milfont, Taciano L, Chrona, Stavroula, Siobhán M Griffin, Dr, Tamayo-Agudelo, William, Lee, Yookyung, Sara Vestergren, Dr, Blackburn, Angelique M., Han, Hyemin, Jeftic, Alma, Stoeckli, Sabrina, Gelpi, Rebekah, Ortiz, Alida Maria Acosta, Travaglino, Giovanni A., Alvarado, Rebecca, Lacko, David, Milfont, Taciano L, Chrona, Stavroula, Siobhán M Griffin, Dr, Tamayo-Agudelo, William, Lee, Yookyung, and Sara Vestergren, Dr

Published
2023

23. Mediation analysis of conspiratorial thinking and anti-expert sentiments on vaccine willingness

Author

Blackburn, Angélique M., Han, Hyemin, Gelpí, Rebekah A., Stöckli, Sabrina, Jeftić, Alma, Ch'ng, Brendan, Koszałkowska, Karolina, Lacko, David, Milfont, Taciano L., Lee, Yookyung, COVIDiSTRESS II Consortium, Vestergren, Sara, Blackburn, Angélique M., Han, Hyemin, Gelpí, Rebekah A., Stöckli, Sabrina, Jeftić, Alma, Ch'ng, Brendan, Koszałkowska, Karolina, Lacko, David, Milfont, Taciano L., Lee, Yookyung, COVIDiSTRESS II Consortium, and Vestergren, Sara

Abstract

Objective: Vaccines are an effective means to reduce the spread of diseases, but they are sometimes met with hesitancy that needs to be understood. Method: In this study, we analyzed data from a large, cross-country survey conducted between June and August 2021 in 43 countries (N = 15,740) to investigate the roles of trust in government and science in shaping vaccine attitudes and willingness to be vaccinated. Results: Despite significant variability between countries, we found that both forms of institutional trust were associated with a higher willingness to receive a COVID-19 vaccine. Furthermore, we found that conspiratorial thinking and anti-expert sentiments predicted reduced trust in government and science, respectively, and that trust mediated the relationship between these two constructs and ultimate vaccine attitudes. Although most countries displayed similar relationships between conspiratorial thinking and anti-expert sentiments, trust in government and science, and vaccine attitudes, we identified three countries (Brazil, Honduras, and Russia) that demonstrated significantly altered associations between the examined variables in terms of significant random slopes. Conclusions: Cross-country differences suggest that local governments’ support for COVID-19 prevention policies can influence populations’ vaccine attitudes. These findings provide insight for policymakers to develop interventions aiming to increase trust in the institutions involved in the vaccination process., the COVIDiSTRESS II Consortium

Published
2023
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24. Mediation analysis of conspiratorial thinking and anti-expert sentiments on vaccine willingness

Author

Blackburn, A, Han, H, Gelpí, R, Stöckli, S, Jeftić, A, Ch'Ng, B, Koszałkowska, K, Lacko, D, Milfont, T, Lee, Y, Vestergren, S, Mari, S, Blackburn, Angélique M, Han, Hyemin, Gelpí, Rebekah A, Stöckli, Sabrina, Jeftić, Alma, Ch'ng, Brendan, Koszałkowska, Karolina, Lacko, David, Milfont, Taciano L, Lee, Yookyung, Vestergren, Sara, Mari, Silvia, Blackburn, A, Han, H, Gelpí, R, Stöckli, S, Jeftić, A, Ch'Ng, B, Koszałkowska, K, Lacko, D, Milfont, T, Lee, Y, Vestergren, S, Mari, S, Blackburn, Angélique M, Han, Hyemin, Gelpí, Rebekah A, Stöckli, Sabrina, Jeftić, Alma, Ch'ng, Brendan, Koszałkowska, Karolina, Lacko, David, Milfont, Taciano L, Lee, Yookyung, Vestergren, Sara, and Mari, Silvia

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Vaccines are an effective means to reduce the spread of diseases, but they are sometimes met with hesitancy that needs to be understood. METHOD: In this study, we analyzed data from a large, cross-country survey conducted between June and August 2021 in 43 countries (N = 15,740) to investigate the roles of trust in government and science in shaping vaccine attitudes and willingness to be vaccinated. RESULTS: Despite significant variability between countries, we found that both forms of institutional trust were associated with a higher willingness to receive a COVID-19 vaccine. Furthermore, we found that conspiratorial thinking and anti-expert sentiments predicted reduced trust in government and science, respectively, and that trust mediated the relationship between these two constructs and ultimate vaccine attitudes. Although most countries displayed similar relationships between conspiratorial thinking and anti-expert sentiments, trust in government and science, and vaccine attitudes, we identified three countries (Brazil, Honduras, and Russia) that demonstrated significantly altered associations between the examined variables in terms of significant random slopes. CONCLUSIONS: Cross-country differences suggest that local governments' support for COVID-19 prevention policies can influence populations' vaccine attitudes. These findings provide insight for policymakers to develop interventions aiming to increase trust in the institutions involved in the vaccination process.

Published
2023

25. Predictors of Compliance with COVID-19 Guidelines Across Countries: The role of social norms, moral values, trust, stress, and demographic factors

Author

Blackburn, Angelique M; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5378-3932, Han, Hyemin; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7181-2565, Jeftic, Alma; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9285-2061, Stöckli, Sabrina; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8322-2906, Gelpi, Rebekah; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6899-0520, Ortiz, Alida Maria Acosta, Travaglino, Giovanni A, Alvarado, Rebecca, Lacko, David; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2904-8118, Milfont, Taciano L; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6838-6307, Chrona, Stavroula; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0914-4938, Griffin, Siobhán M; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3613-2844, Tamayo-Agudelo, William, Lee, Yookyung; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1839-1594, Vestergren, Sara; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0514-6749, Blackburn, Angelique M; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5378-3932, Han, Hyemin; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7181-2565, Jeftic, Alma; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9285-2061, Stöckli, Sabrina; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8322-2906, Gelpi, Rebekah; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6899-0520, Ortiz, Alida Maria Acosta, Travaglino, Giovanni A, Alvarado, Rebecca, Lacko, David; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2904-8118, Milfont, Taciano L; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6838-6307, Chrona, Stavroula; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0914-4938, Griffin, Siobhán M; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3613-2844, Tamayo-Agudelo, William, Lee, Yookyung; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1839-1594, and Vestergren, Sara; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0514-6749

Abstract

Despite the devastating impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic, it provided the opportunity to investigate factors associated with compliance with public health measures that could inform responses to future pandemics. We analysed cross-country data (k = 121, N = 15,740) collected one year into the COVID-19 pandemic to investigate factors related to compliance with COVID-19 guidelines. These factors include social norms, moral values, trust, stress, and demographic factors. We found that social norms to follow preventive measures were positively correlated with compliance with local prevention guidelines. Compliance was also predicted by concern about the moral value of harm and care, trust in government and the scientific community, stress, and demographic factors. Finally, we discuss country-level differences in the associations between predictors and compliance. Overall, results indicate that the harm/care dimension of moral foundations and trust are critical to the development of programs and policies aimed at increasing compliance with measures to reduce the spread of disease.

Published
2023

26. Mediation analysis of conspiratorial thinking and anti-expert sentiments on vaccine willingness

Author

Blackburn, Angélique M; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5378-3932, Han, Hyemin; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7181-2565, Gelpí, Rebekah A; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6899-0520, Stöckli, Sabrina; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8322-2906, Jeftić, Alma; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9285-2061, Ch'ng, Brendan; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8843-625X, Koszałkowska, Karolina; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7028-4510, Lacko, David; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2904-8118, Milfont, Taciano L; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6838-6307, Lee, Yookyung; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1839-1594, Vestergren, Sara; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0514-6749, Blackburn, Angélique M; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5378-3932, Han, Hyemin; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7181-2565, Gelpí, Rebekah A; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6899-0520, Stöckli, Sabrina; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8322-2906, Jeftić, Alma; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9285-2061, Ch'ng, Brendan; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8843-625X, Koszałkowska, Karolina; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7028-4510, Lacko, David; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2904-8118, Milfont, Taciano L; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6838-6307, Lee, Yookyung; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1839-1594, and Vestergren, Sara; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0514-6749

Abstract

Objective: Vaccines are an effective means to reduce the spread of diseases, but they are sometimes met with hesitancy that needs to be understood. Method: In this study, we analyzed data from a large, cross-country survey conducted between June and August 2021 in 43 countries (N = 15,740) to investigate the roles of trust in government and science in shaping vaccine attitudes and willingness to be vaccinated. Results: Despite significant variability between countries, we found that both forms of institutional trust were associated with a higher willingness to receive a COVID-19 vaccine. Furthermore, we found that conspiratorial thinking and anti-expert sentiments predicted reduced trust in government and science, respectively, and that trust mediated the relationship between these two constructs and ultimate vaccine attitudes. Although most countries displayed similar relationships between conspiratorial thinking and anti-expert sentiments, trust in government and science, and vaccine attitudes, we identified three countries (Brazil, Honduras, and Russia) that demonstrated significantly altered associations between the examined variables in terms of significant random slopes. Conclusions: Cross-country differences suggest that local governments’ support for COVID-19 prevention policies can influence populations’ vaccine attitudes. These findings provide insight for policymakers to develop interventions aiming to increase trust in the institutions involved in the vaccination process.

Published
2023

27. Predictors of Compliance with COVID-19 Guidelines Across Countries: The role of social norms, trust, stress, demographic factors, and moral values

Author

Blackburn, Angelique M., Han, Hyemin, Jeftic, Alma, Stoeckli, Sabrina, Gelpi, Rebekah, Ortiz, Alida Maria Acosta, Travaglino, Giovanni A., Alvarado, Rebecca, Lacko, David, Milfont, Taciano L, Chrona, Stavroula, Siobhán M Griffin, Dr, Tamayo-Agudelo, William, Lee, Yookyung, Sara Vestergren, Dr, Blackburn, Angelique M., Han, Hyemin, Jeftic, Alma, Stoeckli, Sabrina, Gelpi, Rebekah, Ortiz, Alida Maria Acosta, Travaglino, Giovanni A., Alvarado, Rebecca, Lacko, David, Milfont, Taciano L, Chrona, Stavroula, Siobhán M Griffin, Dr, Tamayo-Agudelo, William, Lee, Yookyung, and Sara Vestergren, Dr

Abstract

Despite the devastating impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic, it provided the opportunity to investigate factors associated with compliance with public health measures that could inform responses to future pandemics. We analysed cross-country data (k = 121, N = 15,740) collected one year into the COVID-19 pandemic to investigate factors related to compliance with COVID-19 guidelines. These factors include social norms, moral values, trust, stress, and demographic factors. We found that social norms to follow preventive measures were positively correlated with compliance with local prevention guidelines. Compliance was also predicted by concern about the moral value of harm and care, trust in government and the scientific community, stress, and demographic factors. Finally, we discuss country-level differences in the associations between predictors and compliance. Overall, results indicate that the harm/care dimension of moral foundations and trust are critical to the development of programs and policies aimed at increasing compliance with measures to reduce the spread of disease.

Published
2023

28. Long-term Predictors of Compliance with COVID-19 Guidelines Across Countries: The role of social norms, trust, stress, demographic factors, and moral values

Author

Blackburn, Angelique M., primary, Han, Hyemin, additional, Jeftic, Alma, additional, Stoeckli, Sabrina, additional, Gelpi, Rebekah, additional, Ortiz, Alida Maria Acosta, additional, Travaglino, Giovanni A., additional, Alvarado, Rebecca, additional, Lacko, David, additional, Milfont, Taciano L, additional, Chrona, Stavroula, additional, Griffin, Siobhán M, additional, Tamayo-Agudelo, William, additional, Lee, Yookyung, additional, and Vestergren, Sara, additional

Published
2023
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33. Compliance and Social Norms

Author

Blackburn, Angelique, Han, Hyemin, Ortiz, Alida, Gelpi, Rebekah, Milfont, Taciano, Jeftic, Alma, Stoeckli, Sabrina, Lacko, David, Griffin, Siobhán, Chrona, Stavroula, Travaglino, Giovanni, Lee, Yookyung, Tamayo-Agudelo, William, Bartsch, Fabian, and Vestergren, Sara

Subjects
FOS: Psychology, Health Psychology, Health Policy, Psychology, COVID-19, Public Affairs, Public Policy and Public Administration, Social and Behavioral Sciences
Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic has provided the opportunity to investigate factors that affect compliance with public health measures at the individual- and country level. This is an extension of the pre-registered study: Living a year with the COVID-19 pandemic: COVIDiSTRESS Global Survey Round II (https://osf.io/pg3h8), with additional planned analyses as described below (Vestergren et al., 2021). This pre-registration focuses on the hypotheses and analyses related to social norms and compliance (i.e., H2 in Vestergren et al., 2021). In particular, we are investigating the factors that impact compliance, including social norms, trust, stress, demographic factors, and moral values. We are also interested in differences in compliance across countries.

Published
2022
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34. Living a year with the COVID-19 pandemic: COVIDiSTRESS Global Survey Round II

Author

Vestergren, Sara, Parry, Douglas, Stoeckli, Sabrina, Griffin, Siobhán, Blackburn, Angelique, Chrona, Stavroula, Ikizer, Gözde, Han, Hyemin, Milfont, Taciano, Lee, Yookyung, and Consortium, COVIDiSTRESS

Subjects
FOS: Psychology, Sociology, Political Science, FOS: Political science, Medicine and Health Sciences, Psychology, Public Health, Public Affairs, Public Policy and Public Administration, International and Area Studies, Social and Behavioral Sciences, FOS: Sociology
Abstract

Early during the COVID-19 Pandemic, the COVIDiSTRESS Global Survey Consortium designed a survey study on stress, trust in government, and compliance (Lieberoth et al., 2021; Yamada et al., 2021a; 2021b; 2021c). A year after the initial study, we are now expanding this line of research to accommodate new developments in policies, emerging information and misinformation regarding COVID-19, and responses to the newly released vaccines. Specifically, we will be investigating country-level differences in social norms, compliance behaviours, vaccine hesitancy, vaccine willingness, individuals’ stress, trust in government, and trust in scientists. We will also explore the relationships between these variables, as indicated in more detail in our hypotheses. Social norms as a predictor of compliance with local prevention guidelines In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, social norms have been repeatedly found to determine whether someone complies with preventive measures or not (e.g., Van Bavel et al., 2020). For instance, people who observe that other people are wearing face masks are more likely to wear a face mask themselves, illustrating the power of descriptive social norms (Neville et al., 2021). Similarly, if people believe that others are complying with physical distancing rules they are more likely to comply with physical distancing rules themselves. In the present study, we will test whether social norms to follow preventive measures will be positively correlated with compliance with local prevention guidelines. We will further explore to what extent there are cross-country differences in this relationship. Vaccine hesitancy as a predictor for willingness to get a COVID-19 vaccine Interindividual differences in general vaccine hesitancy have been shown to determine vaccine behavior. We have previously shown that trust in government is linked to other compliance behaviours for reducing the spread of COVID-19 (Lieberoth et al., 2021; Tyson et al., 2020). Vaccine hesitancy has also been associated with political affiliation in some countries (Allcott et al., 2020; Tyson et al., 2020). In the United States, vaccine hesitancy has also been linked to distrust in the research and development process and to major concerns over the safety and side effects of potential vaccines (Tyson et al, 2020). In this study, we will test whether general vaccine hesitancy predicts the willingness to get a COVID-19 vaccine, and explore the extent to which there are cross-country differences in this relationship. The effect of stressors on psychological outcomes Mass emergencies, major incidents, infectious diseases, and extreme events in general can affect human lives and cause distress and mental health issues in multiple ways. For example, people might be exposed to injuries, gruesome scenes, or life threatening danger. These types of stressors originate in the extreme event itself and are called primary stressors (Department of Health, 2009). However, apart from primary stressors, mental health and wellbeing can also be affected by secondary stressors (Department of Health, 2009). Secondary stressors are causes of stress and mental ill health that are indirectly related or are non-inherent in the event itself. For example, they can originate in people’s life conditions before the event (e.g., chronic illness), to life events (e.g., unemployment, bereavement), or to inadequate societal responses to an extreme event (e.g., lack of protective equipment), and to structural problems in general (e.g., ineffective leadership, poverty) (Lock et al., 2012). The fact that these stressors are called ‘secondary’ does not mean that their impact is not as strong or important; in fact, secondary stressors can sometimes be even more impactful than the main event itself and severely affect mental health (Lock et al., 2012). Previous research has demonstrated the negative effects of secondary stressors on mental health (e.g., Jermacane et al., 2018; Mulchadani et al., 2019; Tempest et al., 2017). Based on these previous findings, we will explore how secondary stressors (such as not being able to work from home, losing one’s job, or not having access to childcare) have negatively affected mental health and other psychological outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic, and how this might differ across countries. Trust in government and scientists Different countries have responded differently to the COVID-19 crisis, which may affect residents’ trust in their government (Toshkov et al, 2021). Political views have also been linked to trust in scientists and anti-intellectualism (Tyson et al., 2020). Trust in government (Lieberoth et al., 2021) and scientists are associated with compliance behaviours (Merkley & Loewen, 2021) and vaccine hesitancy (Institute of Medicine (U.S.) Committee on the Review of the National Immunization Program's Research Procedures and Data Sharing Program, 2005; Tyson et al., 2020). In this study, we will examine whether trust in the scientific community, public institutions, and the government will be positively correlated with compliance behavior, vaccine willingness, and negatively correlated with vaccine hesitancy, and stress. We will also explore whether these predicted associations vary across countries. Based on previous studies and research questions, we have developed specific hypotheses. Note that the hypotheses stated in this preregistration are not a full list of the potential hypotheses of the overall COVIDiSTRESS Global Survey Round II project. We will collect data on many variables which are not covered in this preregistration. Please also note that we preregistered the full survey/material previously on OSF (https://osf.io/36tsd/). We will refer to this survey/material preregistration throughout this preregistration.

Published
2022
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36. In vitroevaluation of Aloe saponariaas a potential feed additive to modulate ruminal fermentation and microbial diversity

Author

Kim, Hanbeen, Kim, Byeong-Woo, Yoo, Daekyum, Moon, Joonbeom, Kwon, Inhyuk, Lee, Yookyung, and Seo, Jakyeom

Abstract

ABSTRACTSaponin possessed antiprotozoal activity; therefore, it is generally used to mitigate enteric methane (CH4) emission in ruminant nutrition. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of Aloe saponaria(AS) supplementation on rumen fermentation, CH4, and microbial diversity in an in vitroexperiment over 48 h incubation. Five treatments were used: (1) no additives (CON), 1% and 2% dosage of heat-dried AS (HAS), and freeze-dried AS (FAS), and the experiments were performed three times. After the incubation, volatile fatty acids (VFAs), CH4proportion in total gas, and microbial diversity were evaluated. Gas production was assessed at 3, 6, 9, 12, 24, 36, and 48 h incubation. FAS addition significantly increased gas production compared to CON except for 6 and 48 h, whereas HAS addition did not significantly affect the gas production at all observed time points. AS addition significantly increased total VFA and the absolute abundances of fungi and Ruminococcus albusregardless of drying method. There was no significant change in the CH4proportion at 48 h, although the reduction in ciliate protozoa was detected in FAS-treated groups. In conclusion, FAS may be an effective feed additive to improve ruminal fermentation via enhancing feed utilization by rumen microbes.

Published
2023
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39. Mediation Analysis of Conspiratorial Thinking and Anti-Expert Sentiments on Vaccine Willingness

Author

Blackburn, Angelique M., Han, Hyemin, Gelpi, Rebekah, Stoeckli, Sabrina, Jeftic, Alma, Ch'ng, Brendan, Koszałkowska, Karolina, Lacko, David, Milfont, Taciano L, Lee, Yookyung, Sara Vestergren, Dr, Blackburn, Angelique M., Han, Hyemin, Gelpi, Rebekah, Stoeckli, Sabrina, Jeftic, Alma, Ch'ng, Brendan, Koszałkowska, Karolina, Lacko, David, Milfont, Taciano L, Lee, Yookyung, and Sara Vestergren, Dr

Abstract

Objective: Vaccines are an effective means to reduce the spread of diseases, but they are sometimes met with hesitancy that needs to be understood. Methods: In this study, we analysed data from a large, cross-country survey conducted between June and August 2021 in 43 countries (N = 15,740) to investigate the roles of trust in government and science in shaping vaccine attitudes and willingness to be vaccinated. Results: We found that, despite significant variability between countries, both forms of institutional trust were associated with a higher willingness to receive a COVID-19 vaccine. Further, we found that conspiratorial thinking and anti-expert sentiments predicted reduced trust in government and science, respectively, and that trust mediated the relationship between these beliefs and ultimate vaccine attitudes. Although most countries displayed similar relationships between conspiratorial thinking and anti-expert sentiments, trust, and vaccine attitudes, we identified three countries (Brazil, Honduras, and Russia) with significantly differing effects of these variables. Conclusions: We discuss and propose various additional local factors that future research should consider to understand how trust and attitudes towards governmental and scientific institutions may shape individuals’ ultimate vaccine attitudes and decisions.

Published
2022

40. Mediation Analysis of Conspiratorial Thinking and Anti-Expert Sentiments on Vaccine Willingness

Author

Blackburn, Angelique M; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5378-3932, Han, Hyemin; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7181-2565, Gelpi, Rebekah; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6899-0520, Stöckli, Sabrina; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8322-2906, Jeftic, Alma; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9285-2061, Ch'ng, Brendan, Koszałkowska, Karolina; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7028-4510, Lacko, David; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2904-8118, Milfont, Taciano L; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6838-6307, Lee, Yookyung; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1839-1594, Vestergren, Sara; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0514-6749, Blackburn, Angelique M; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5378-3932, Han, Hyemin; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7181-2565, Gelpi, Rebekah; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6899-0520, Stöckli, Sabrina; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8322-2906, Jeftic, Alma; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9285-2061, Ch'ng, Brendan, Koszałkowska, Karolina; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7028-4510, Lacko, David; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2904-8118, Milfont, Taciano L; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6838-6307, Lee, Yookyung; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1839-1594, and Vestergren, Sara; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0514-6749

Abstract

Objective: Vaccines are an effective means to reduce the spread of diseases, but they are sometimes met with hesitancy that needs to be understood.Methods: In this study, we analysed data from a large, cross-country survey conducted between June and August 2021 in 43 countries (N = 15,740) to investigate the roles of trust in government and science in shaping vaccine attitudes and willingness to be vaccinated. Results: We found that, despite significant variability between countries, both forms of institutional trust were associated with a higher willingness to receive a COVID-19 vaccine. Further, we found that conspiratorial thinking and anti-expert sentiments predicted reduced trust in government and science, respectively, and that trust mediated the relationship between these beliefs and ultimate vaccine attitudes. Although most countries displayed similar relationships between conspiratorial thinking and anti-expert sentiments, trust, and vaccine attitudes, we identified three countries (Brazil, Honduras, and Russia) with significantly differing effects of these variables. Conclusions: We discuss and propose various additional local factors that future research should consider to understand how trust and attitudes towards governmental and scientific institutions may shape individuals’ ultimate vaccine attitudes and decisions.

Published
2022

45. COVIDiSTRESS diverse dataset on psychological and behavioural outcomes one year into the COVID-19 pandemic

Author

Blackburn, Angélique M., Vestergren, Sara, Tran, Thao P., Stöckli, Sabrina, Griffin, Siobhán M., Ntontis, Evangelos, Jeftic, Alma, Chrona, Stavroula, Ikizer, Gözde, Han, Hyemin, Milfont, Taciano L., Parry, Douglas, Byrne, Grace, Gómez-López, Mercedes, Acosta, Alida, Kowal, Marta, De Leon, Gabriel, Gallegos, Aranza, Perez, Miles, Abdelrahman, Mohamed, Ahern, Elayne, Yar, Ahmad Wali Ahmad, Ahmed, Oli, Alami, Nael H., Amin, Rizwana, Andersen, Lykke E., Araújo, Bráulio Oliveira, Asongu, Norah Aziamin, Bartsch, Fabian, Bavoľár, Jozef, Bhatta, Khem Raj, Bircan, Tuba, Bita, Shalani, Bombuwala, Hasitha, Brik, Tymofii, Cakal, Huseyin, Caniëls, Marjolein, Carballo, Marcela, Carvalho, Nathalia M., Cely, Laura, Chang, Sophie, Chayinska, Maria, Chen, Fang-Yu, Ch’ng, Brendan, Chukwuorji, JohnBosco Chika, Costa, Ana Raquel, Dalizu, Vidijah Ligalaba, Deschrijver, Eliane, Dilekler Aldemir, İlknur, Doherty, Anne M., Doller, Rianne, Dubrov, Dmitrii, Elegbede, Salem, Elizalde, Jefferson, Ermagan-Caglar, Eda, Fernández-Morales, Regina, García-Castro, Juan Diego, Gelpí, Rebekah, Ghafori, Shagofah, Goldberg, Ximena, González-Uribe, Catalina, Alpízar-Rojas, Harlen, Haugestad, Christian Andres Palacios, Higuera, Diana, Hoorelbeke, Kristof, Hristova, Evgeniya, Hubená, Barbora, Huq, Hamidul, Ihaya, Keiko, Jayathilake, Gosith, Jen, Enyi, Jinadasa, Amaani, Joksimovic, Jelena, Kačmár, Pavol, Kadreva, Veselina, Kalinova, Kalina, Kandeel, Huda Anter Abdallah, Kellezi, Blerina, Khan, Sammyh, Kontogianni, Maria, Koszałkowska, Karolina, Krzysztof, Hanusz, Lacko, David, Landa-Blanco, Miguel, Lee, Yookyung, Lieberoth, Andreas, Lins, Samuel, Liutsko, Liudmila, Londero-Santos, Amanda, Mauritsen, Anne Lundahl, Maegli, María Andrée, Magidie, Patience, Maharjan, Roji, Makaveeva, Tsvetelina, Makhubela, Malose, Malagón, María Gálvis, Malykh, Sergey, Mamede, Salomé, Mandillah, Samuel, Mansoor, Mohammad Sabbir, Mari, Silvia, Marín-López, Inmaculada, Marot, Tiago A., Martínez, Sandra, Mauka, Juma, Moss, Sigrun Marie, Mushtaq, Asia, Musliu, Arian, Mususa, Daniel, Najmussaqib, Arooj, Nasheeda, Aishath, Nasr, Ramona, Machado, Natalia Niño, Natividade, Jean Carlos, Ngowi, Honest Prosper, Nyarangi, Carolyne, Ogunbode, Charles, Onyutha, Charles, Padmakumar, K., Paniagua, Walter, Pena, Maria Caridad, Pírko, Martin, Portela, Mayda, Pouretemad, Hamidreza, Rachev, Nikolay, Ratodi, Muhamad, Reifler, Jason, Sadeghi, Saeid, Sahayanathan, Harishanth Samuel, Sanchez, Eva, Sandbakken, Ella Marie, Sandesh, Dhakal, Sanjesh, Shrestha, Schrötter, Jana, Shanthakumar, Sabarjah, Sikka, Pilleriin, Slaveykova, Konstantina, Studzinska, Anna, Subandi, Fadelia Deby, Subedi, Namita, Sullivan, Gavin Brent, Tag, Benjamin, Delphine, Takem Ebangha Agbor, Tamayo-Agudelo, William, Travaglino, Giovanni A., Tuominen, Jarno, Türk-Kurtça, Tuğba, Vakai, Matutu, Volkodav, Tatiana, Wang, Austin Horng-En Wang, Williams, Alphonsus, Wu, Charles, Yamada, Yuki, Yaneva, Teodora, Yañez, Nicolás, Yeh, Yao-Yuan, Zoletic, Emina, Department of Organisation, RS-Research Line Learning (part of LIRS program), Bircan, Tuba, Faculty of Sciences and Bioengineering Sciences, Brussels Centre for Urban Studies, Sociology, Faculty of Economic and Social Sciences and Solvay Business School, Faculdade de Psicologia e de Ciências da Educação, Blackburn, A, Vestergren, S, Tran, T, Stockli, S, Griffin, S, Ntontis, E, Jeftic, A, Chrona, S, Ikizer, G, Han, H, Milfont, T, Parry, D, Byrne, G, Gomez-Lopez, M, Acosta, A, Kowal, M, De Leon, G, Gallegos, A, Perez, M, Abdelrahman, M, Ahern, E, Yar, A, Ahmed, O, Alami, N, Amin, R, Andersen, L, Araujo, B, Asongu, N, Bartsch, F, Bavolar, J, Bhatta, K, Bircan, T, Bita, S, Bombuwala, H, Brik, T, Cakal, H, Caniels, M, Carballo, M, Carvalho, N, Cely, L, Chang, S, Chayinska, M, Chen, F, Ch'Ng, B, Chukwuorji, J, Costa, A, Dalizu, V, Deschrijver, E, Dilekler Aldemir, I, Doherty, A, Doller, R, Dubrov, D, Elegbede, S, Elizalde, J, Ermagan-Caglar, E, Fernandez-Morales, R, Garcia-Castro, J, Gelpi, R, Ghafori, S, Goldberg, X, Gonzalez-Uribe, C, Alpizar-Rojas, H, Haugestad, C, Higuera, D, Hoorelbeke, K, Hristova, E, Hubena, B, Huq, H, Ihaya, K, Jayathilake, G, Jen, E, Jinadasa, A, Joksimovic, J, Kacmar, P, Kadreva, V, Kalinova, K, Kandeel, H, Kellezi, B, Khan, S, Kontogianni, M, Koszalkowska, K, Krzysztof, H, Lacko, D, Landa-Blanco, M, Lee, Y, Lieberoth, A, Lins, S, Liutsko, L, Londero-Santos, A, Mauritsen, A, Maegli, M, Magidie, P, Maharjan, R, Makaveeva, T, Makhubela, M, Malagon, M, Malykh, S, Mamede, S, Mandillah, S, Mansoor, M, Mari, S, Marin-Lopez, I, Marot, T, Martinez, S, Mauka, J, Moss, S, Mushtaq, A, Musliu, A, Mususa, D, Najmussaqib, A, Nasheeda, A, Nasr, R, Machado, N, Natividade, J, Ngowi, H, Nyarangi, C, Ogunbode, C, Onyutha, C, Padmakumar, K, Paniagua, W, Pena, M, Pirko, M, Portela, M, Pouretemad, H, Rachev, N, Ratodi, M, Reifler, J, Sadeghi, S, Sahayanathan, H, Sanchez, E, Sandbakken, E, Sandesh, D, Sanjesh, S, Schrotter, J, Shanthakumar, S, Sikka, P, Slaveykova, K, Studzinska, A, Subandi, F, Subedi, N, Sullivan, G, Tag, B, Delphine, T, Tamayo-Agudelo, W, Travaglino, G, Tuominen, J, Turk-Kurtca, T, Vakai, M, Volkodav, T, Wang, A, Williams, A, Wu, C, Yamada, Y, Yaneva, T, Yanez, N, Yeh, Y, and Zoletic, E

Subjects
Statistics and Probability, perceived stress, 300 Social sciences, sociology & anthropology, compiance, Social Sciences, Library and Information Sciences, compliance, PANDEMIC, Education, stress, cross-cultural, well-being, Naturvetenskap, 650 Management & public relations, Samfund/samtid, Psychology, Humans, vaccine willingness, social norms, Social Behavior, resilience, Pandemics, SCALE, Psykologi, Pandemic, Trivsel, SARS-CoV-2, Statistics, HUMAN, COVID-19, health, trust, Public Health, Global Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology, vaccines, Computer Science Applications, Coronavirus, Folkhälsovetenskap, global hälsa, socialmedicin och epidemiologi, Probability and Uncertainty, Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty, Natural Sciences, GOVERNMENT, Human, Information Systems
Abstract

During the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, the COVIDiSTRESS Consortium launched an open-access global survey to understand and improve individuals’ experiences related to the crisis. A year later, we extended this line of research by launching a new survey to address the dynamic landscape of the pandemic. This survey was released with the goal of addressing diversity, equity, and inclusion by working with over 150 researchers across the globe who collected data in 48 languages and dialects across 137 countries. The resulting cleaned dataset described here includes 15,740 of over 20,000 responses. The dataset allows cross-cultural study of psychological wellbeing and behaviours a year into the pandemic. It includes measures of stress, resilience, vaccine attitudes, trust in government and scientists, compliance, and information acquisition and misperceptions regarding COVID-19. Open-access raw and cleaned datasets with computed scores are available. Just as our initial COVIDiSTRESS dataset has facilitated government policy decisions regarding health crises, this dataset can be used by researchers and policy makers to inform research, decisions, and policy. © 2022, The Author(s). U.S. Department of Education, ED: P031S190304; Texas A and M International University, TAMIU; National Research University Higher School of Economics, ВШЭ The COVIDiSTRESS Consortium would like to acknowledge the contributions of friends and collaborators in translating and sharing the COVIDiSTRESS survey, as well as the study participants. Data analysis was supported by Texas A&M International University (TAMIU) Research Grant, TAMIU Act on Ideas, and the TAMIU Advancing Research and Curriculum Initiative (TAMIU ARC) awarded by the US Department of Education Developing Hispanic-Serving Institutions Program (Award # P031S190304). Data collection by Dmitrii Dubrov was supported within the framework of the Basic Research Program at HSE University, RF.

Published
2021
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