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This essay aims to make a brief comparative analysis of the Southern European countries of Spain, Greece, Italy and Portugal with regard to the socio-economic and health effects caused by the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and by the control and mitigation policies implemented by their respective governments. It presents a brief contextualization of the structural characteristics of these socio-economic effects and propagation routes of these effects of COVID-19. It also describes some governmental steps toward mitigation along with control measures during and after the pandemic. The first-order effects can be reflected in an excess mortality rate; for the second-order effects the focus is on young people and non-COVID people; and, finally, third-order effects refer to macroeconomic indicators, such as household consumption and public debt. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal Health NPEPS is the property of Journal Health NPEPS and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Enfermagem Referência is the property of Escola Superior de Enfermagem de Coimbra and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Enfermagem Referência is the property of Escola Superior de Enfermagem de Coimbra and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Notas Económicas: Revista da Faculdade de Economia da Universidade de Coimbra is the property of Imprensa da Universidade de Coimbra and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: Most people would prefer to die at home as opposed to hospital; therefore, understanding mortality patterns by place of death is essential for health resources allocation. Aim: We examined trends and risk factors for hospital death in conditions needing palliative care in a country without integrated palliative care. Design: This is a death certificate study. We examined factors associated with hospital death using logistic regression. Setting/participants: All adults (1,045,381) who died between 2003 and 2012 in Portugal were included. We identified conditions needing palliative care from main causes of death: cancer, heart/cerebrovascular, renal, liver, respiratory and neurodegenerative diseases, dementia/Alzheimer's/senility and HIV/AIDS. Results: Conditions needing palliative care were responsible for 70.7% deaths (N = 738,566, median age 80); heart and cerebrovascular diseases (43.9%) and cancer (32.2%) accounted for most. There was a trend towards hospital death (standardised percentage: 56.3% in 2003, 66.7% in 2012; adjusted odds ratio: 1.04, 95% confidence interval: 1.04-1.04). Hospital death risk was higher for those aged 18-39 years (3.46, 3.25-3.69 vs aged 90+), decreasing linearly with age; lower in dementia/Alzheimer's/senility versus cancer (0.13, 0.13-0.13); and higher for the married and in HIV/AIDS (3.31, 3.00-3.66). Effects of gender, working status, weekday and month of death, hospital beds availability, urbanisation level and deprivation were small. Conclusion: The upward hospital death trend and fact that being married are risk factors for hospital death suggest that a reliance on hospitals may coexist with a tradition of extended family support. The sustainability of this model needs to be assessed within the global transition pattern in where people die. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) has a strong negative impact on the quality of life of patients. The Psoriatic Arthritis Quality of Life (PsAQoL) questionnaire is a disease-specific instrument developed to measure the quality of life in patients with PsA. The aims of this study were to culturally adapt the questionnaire for Portugal and evaluate its reliability and validity in patients with PsA. The original UK English version of the PsAQoL was translated into Portuguese by a bilingual and lay panel. Structured cognitive debriefing interviews were conducted with ten PsA patients. The Portuguese PsAQoL was subsequently applied to PsA patients followed at the Rheumatology Department of Centro Hospitalar do Baixo Vouga, E.P.E. To assess reproducibility, 30 patients with PsA completed the Portuguese PsAQoL on two occasions, 2 weeks apart. A larger sample was recruited to determine internal consistency and construct validity. The Nottingham Health Profile (NHP) was used as a comparator instrument. Translation and adaptation were successful. Cronbach´s alpha for the Portuguese version of the PsAQoL was 0.91 and the test-retest reliability was 0.93. The PsAQoL could distinguish between groups of patients defined by self-reported general health status, self-reported severity of PsA and flare of arthritis. There was a positive correlation between the total score of the PsAQoL and each of the sections of the NHP. The Portuguese version of the PsAQoL was found to be relevant, understandable and easy to complete, reliable and valid. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Jornal de Pediatria is the property of Sociedade Brasileira de Pediatria and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: Outcome measurement plays an increasing role in improving the quality, effectiveness, efficiency and availability of palliative care. Aim: To provide expert recommendations on outcome measurement in palliative care in clinical practice and research. Methods: Developed by a European Association for Palliative Care Task Force, based on literature searches, international expert workshop, development of outcome measurement guidance and international online survey. A subgroup drafted a first version and circulated it twice to the task force. The preliminary final version was circulated to wider expert panel and 28 international experts across 20 European Association for Palliative Care member associations and the European Association for Palliative Care Board of Directors and revised according to their feedback. The final version was approved by the European Association for Palliative Care Board for adoption as an official European Association for Palliative Care position paper. Results: In all, 12 recommendations are proposed covering key parameters of measures, adequate measures for the task, introduction of outcome measurement into practice, and national and international outcome comparisons and benchmarking. Compared to other recommendations, the White Paper covers similar aspects but focuses more on outcome measurement in clinical care and the wider policy impact of implementing outcome measurement in clinical palliative care. Patient-reported outcome measure feedback improves awareness of unmet need and allows professionals to act to address patients’ needs. However, barriers and facilitators have been identified when implementing outcome measurement in clinical care that should be addressed. Conclusion: The White Paper recommends the introduction of outcome measurement into practice and outcomes that allow for national and international comparisons. Outcome measurement is key to understanding different models of care across countries and, ultimately, patient outcome having controlled for differing patients characteristics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Enfermagem Referência is the property of Escola Superior de Enfermagem de Coimbra and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: Lack of resources and the pressure to achieve results are moving working people closer to physical and emotional breakdown. An OECD study stresses the connection between psychological issues and labor conditions in between 15% to 20% of the working population. Among 34 countries, Portugal is the seventh worst country. 'Burnout' is the final stage of a chronic professional stress situation, having its focus on emotional exhaustion, depersonalization (lack of personal identity), and on low professional accomplishment. This term was introduced by Freudenberger in 1974. Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the extent of burnout in Portuguese audiologists. Furthermore, it was intended to investigate the association between burnout and some sociodemographic variables and indicators of employment status, and assess the impact on quality of life of these professionals. Methodology: Three questionnaires were used to collect data, created in the Study Center of the University of Coimbra: to analyze personal features, LimeSurvey, a professional and sociodemographic data questionnaire; to analyze burnout levels, a Portuguese version of the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI); and to analyze everyday impact, a questionnaire to evaluate quality of life. The Portuguese Audiologists Association and Coimbra's Technology and Health Higher School supported use of the data retrieval questionnaire. Data were analyzed by the statistical analysis program Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21 for Windows. Concerning the population in question (n=241), 94 individuals (39%) answered the questionnaire. The final sample comprised 86 Portuguese audiologists; 77.2% of the sample was female, the average respondents age was 22.8 years; 73.1% of the professionals were single; 59.3% worked in auditory rehabilitation; and the average time in the profession was 5.3 years. Results: Average burnout levels on the personal burnout scale were 35.0; in work-related burnout 41.3; and on the patient-related burnout scale the average was 29.5. In terms of the family situation, married people presented higher personal and work-related burnout levels, with significant statistical differences. The more hours a professional worked at his main job location, the bigger was the burnout level. Higher burnout levels were directly related to lower quality of life indicators. Conclusions: This data points to a low burnout level among Portuguese audiologists, with the variables family status and number of weekly work hours influencing burnout levels, which results in a lower quality of life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Although the lack of progress in reducing obesity is a global problem, different places have different contributing factors. One of the factors currently contributing to the increasing prevalence of obesity is emotional eating. The aim of this paper was to describe and compare the level of emotional eating and to analyse which variables and to what extent they affected the other variables., Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in students from 3 universities of the Iberian Peninsula (n=1,654) between October 2019 and June 2020. Data were collected through an online self-report questionnaire which included sociodemographic and anthropometric data and validated questionnaires such as: the Emotional Eaters Questionnaire, the ShortForm-36 and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Questionnaire. Stratified random sampling was performed by faculty, degree, and class groups. For descriptive results, means, standard deviation and relative frequencies of variables were calculated. Student's t-test, chi-square and ANOVA were used to compare means. Simple and multiple linear regressions were performed for both samples., Results: The mean emotional eating score was 8.77±5.66 for spanish students and 10.02±6.19 for portuguese students, with a difference of 3.62 (<0.001). In Spain, the dependent variable that most affected emotional eating was quality of life (13.8% variance [<0.001]), while in Portugal it was anxiety (10.1% variance [<0.001])., Conclusions: Statistically significant differences are found in the level of emotional eating between populations. In addition, there is dissimilarity in the variables influencing the principal in both countries. These findings imply that they should be considered in the design of future research or health interventions.