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The relevance of the study is due to the need to save water resources. The purpose of study is to determine microclimatic correction factors for monitoring and adjusting the norms of water de-mand for accompanying crops in rice crop rotations for various zones of natural moistening in Russia. The main study methods are experimental (field) and comparative analysis of the data obtained with theoretical calculations. Study results: Correction factors are presented for calcu-lating evapotranspiration / evaporation of accompanying crops in rice crop rotations, varying in the regions of Russia from Ccr= 0.75 to Ccr = 0.94, respectively, at from Cm 0.2-0.3 to Cm 0.8-1.0 and it is determined that in the rice crop rotation it is necessary to take into account the residual additional productive moisture reserves after rice, which is in the meter soil layer -from 60 mm in regions with Cm = 0.2-0.3 to 84 mm with Cm 0.8-0.1. Practical significance: The use of micro-climatic correction factors for adjusting the norms of water demand for accompanying crops makes it possible to calculate and justify the volume of water for irrigation of these crops in rice crop rotations and to save water resources.

The article considers the problem of silting-up of sewage inverted siphons. A review of modern methods of hydraulic flushing is presented. To ensure reliable and energy-efficient operation of the inverted siphon, it is proposed to use the air cushion effect. To ensure the stable operation of the structure, a simulation of the inverted siphon installation was performed, consisting of two sections with nodes for receiving runoff from the drop risers, a node that provides water removal and a node for regulating the pressure in the air cushion. As a result of the simulation, there has been obtained the distribution of the volume fraction of the water phase and the gas phase, the pressure distribution in the horizontal and vertical inverted siphon pipelines and the values of the flow velocity during the formation of the air cushion. The use of separation partition walls at the ends of horizontal siphon pipelines allows creating autonomous air cushions and regulating the work for each section separately. The adaptation of the air cushion inverted siphon technology in relation to the main sewer system is considered to be promising.

Since 2017, the Institute of Applied Astronomy of the Russian Academy of Sciences in cooperation with the National Astronomical Observatories of the Chinese Academy of Sciences has been conducting observations of the Chang’E-3 lander carrier wave signal. The paper presents the features of observation scheduling and results of data processing. High-precision phase radar measurements have been obtained with an instrumental error of 1–2 mm. The deviation of residuals in model calculations does not exceed ± 1 cm. The estimates of CE-3 lander position have been obtained with an accuracy of 0.5’’, 7.4 m and 3.2 m in celenocentric cylindrical longitude, Px and Py coordinates, respectively.

In order to reduce the number of emergencies and losses from their occurrence on the basis of forecasting, it is possible to develop and implement appropriate measures in advance that would prevent their occurrence. But at the present stage there is no such methodology that would allow forecasting of emergencies in cities, including fires. Therefore, to solve this problem, the task is to develop developed methodologies for predicting emergencies in cities, including fires. The goal of the work. Develop a methodology for determining the risk of emergencies in the city. In order to achieve this goal, the following tasks should be solved: 1) zoning the city area with consideration of potentially dangerous objects, high-risk objects and objects of strategic importance for the economy and security of the state; 2) to identify areas with appropriate degrees of risk of emergencies; 3) develop a methodology for determining the risk of emergencies; 4) to develop appropriate measures to eliminate possible emergencies at the facilities. To solve these problems, they used, as an example, a map of the location of objects of the Lviv Railway District. The total area of the district is 29.64 km2. The total area was divided into 25 squares, each 1.1856 km2. These squares include potentially dangerous objects, high risk objects, and objects that are of strategic importance for the economy and security of the state. Analyzing the risks of emergencies at the facilities in the railway districts of Lviv, it was found that these medium- and high-risk facilities occupy approximately 52% of the total area of the territory. A similar situation occurs in other areas of Lviv. The results of the analysis for other cities of Ukraine showed that, for example, for the cities of Dnipro and Mariupol, these risks for economic entities by city area are approximately 50… 65%. A methodology for determining the risk of emergencies at city facilities has been developed, based on the provisions of theories of probability and reliability for failure of elements of operation of city objects that can lead to emergencies, as well as appropriate measures to eliminate possible emergencies in the city. economic acts. Conclusions and specific suggestions: A methodology for determining the risks of emergencies at business entities has been developed, which makes it possible to perform the forecast of emergencies and to take appropriate measures to prevent them. To determine the risks of emergencies, we propose a method for establishing the law of distribution of failures of structural elements of an object that pose a threat to its occurrence. Such distribution laws include exponential, Weibull, Rayleigh and normal. The methodology developed needs to be further refined in order to implement and use it on the basis of information technologies, which will allow to take all necessary measures in an operational mode to ensure the elimination of possible emergencies in the facilities.

The method of similarity to standards is used to calculate the spectrum of targeted hypoglycemic activities of a series of natural compounds of terpenoid and polyphenol classes. Some compounds are shown to be promising multitargeted hypoglycemic agents. Primary action targets are identified.

This paper presents the past, present and future status of the Russian VLBI network “Quasar”. This network has been developed for at least 20 years by the Institute of Applied Astronomy of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IAA RAS). The equipment installed currently at each “Quasar” station and the facilities for processing observational data are described briefly. The latest results are presented, including the Earth orientation parameters (EOP) determined from the “Quasar” VLBI data and comparison with those from other processing centers. Our future plans to extend the “Quasar” VLBI network to the east and to the west will be carried out by establishing the Ussurijsk station in the Far East and the Russian-Cuban station in the west. They are considered in the context of the Russian section activity in the GGOS project. The expected improvement of the EOP determination accuracy can be obtained within the future configuration of the “Quasar” network, which is proved by simulation. Keywords: Russian VLBI network “Quasar”, VLBI co-location station, Space geodesy technique, Global Geodetic Observing System (GGOS)

Purpose: to study the influence of the water head in the upstream and the backwater on the part of the downstream on the seasonal storage dam, built in a mountainous area. Materials and methods: complex geological conditions of anchoring a responsible in terms of safety structure in a mountainous area prompted us to a more detailed study of the issue of its stress-strain state with the ability to offer designers in detail the limits of possible changes in the parameters of the displacement of the seasonal storage dam foundation. The need for the dam construction in the mountainous area is due to several factors. First of all, it is a fundamental need to accumulate water on the Black Sea coast of the North Caucasus, where there is an ever-increasing deficit both for the needs of agricultural producers and for public water supply, while in the autumn-winter period, precipitation falls in the region even in abundance, as it is evidenced by flood control costs. Secondly, the mountainous relief and their gorges is the nature-created volume for water accumulation. Thirdly, the lands of mountain gorges are the most unsuitable for agricultural use lands, in contrast to the lands of the valleys, where reservoirs are currently located. Results: the study of the influence of the water head in the upstream and the backwater from the downstream on the dam was carried out using numerical modeling using the Midas and Maxima software products, which made it possible to cover the entire range of actions necessary for solving such problems. Conclusions: it was found that in the range of backwater changes in the headwater of the dam from 0.6 to 2.8 m, displacements at the dam foundation have extreme values at constant values of the head at the dam of 1.0; 5.0 and 10.0 m. In general, the largest displacement values at the dam foundation are observed at the highest head of the dam in the upstream, equal to 10.0 m.

The paper aims to study the effect of different doses of mineral fertilizers on the productivity of spring-planted potatoes under irrigation conditions in the south of Russia. The studies were conducted at the test site of the Biryuchekutskaya vegetable breeding experimental station. This station is a branch of the FSBIS “Federal Scientific Center for Vegetable Growing” of the Bagayevsky district of the Rostov Region on ordinary medium chernozem. We used the methods of B. A. Dosphekhov, V. F. Moiseichenko, and M. K. Kayumov. Doses of mineral fertilizers were calculated using the program for electronic computers No. 2018663750 “Calculation of doses of mineral fertilizers” for the planned yield. The results allowed us to establish that during the increase in the dose of mineral fertilizers, the yield gain of tubers was reduced from 92.5 to 77.1 (kilograms per kilogram of the active substance of mineral fertilizers). The conducted studies allowed us to establish the effectiveness of irrigation water depending on the doses of mineral fertilizers, described by the coefficient of water consumption. According to the experiment variants, the coefficient varied from 100.1 to 202.6 cubic meters per hectare. As a result, the yield dependencies on total water consumption and water consumption coefficient were established with different availability levels of mineral fertilizers.

Purpose: to study the effect of nonlinear soil movement in a deep-laid pit when designing an above-ground reservoir for irrigation as part of a system for regulating the precipitation runoff in the mountain-piedmont zone, subject to the technical regulations on the structure safety and subsequent safe operation. Materials and methods: the construction of a deep-laid pit in difficult geological design conditions in the mountain-piedmont zone of a hydraulic structure, which is responsible in terms of safety, namely, a system for regulating the rainfall runoff for irrigating agricultural land, prompted us to a more detailed study of measures to prevent soil uplift. In the analysis two conditions were modeled, namely, the construction of a deep-laid pit for an above-ground reservoir in the mountain-piedmont zone for irrigation without measures to prevent soil uplift and with appropriate measures. Results and discussion: when analyzing the results of soil uplift calculation without taking additional measures, it is stated that the soil uplift has a negative impact on the reservoir and in this case the hydraulic structure safety is not ensured. As an alternative option, the use of pit sheathing with a Larsen sheet pile model VL606a is considered. As a result of numerical modeling using the MIDAS software product, which made it possible to take into account all the factors necessary for solving such problems, it was found that the indicators are included in the confidence zone and, as a result, this structure will meet all safety requirements. Conclusions: when constructing a deep-laid pit without additional measures, the soil uplift is 52.5 cm, and when arranging additional measures in the form of a sheet pile – 1.97 cm, which must be taken into account when designing an above ground reservoir for irrigation as part of a system for regulating the precipitation runoff in a mountain-piedmont zone.

The development of precision irrigation is caused by the need to account for soil, climate, water, organizational, and economic specifics of the fields and plots. Precision irrigation reduces the consumption of water, energy, and other resources. It increases the effectiveness of tending to crops, raises the productivity of plants, and maintains even soil moisture on all plots. In 2019, we conducted a two-factor field test on the territory of the “Biryuchekut Olericulture Experimental Station”—a branch of the “Federal Research Centre of Vegetable Production.” In the test, we planted spring potatoes. As a result, we established the following technical characteristics: crop yield, total water consumption, irrigation norm, and water balance coefficients. We established the dependency of spring potato yield on the total dose of fertilizers and water consumption in precision irrigation. We analyzed the field experiment results and concluded that precision mineral fertilization and precision irrigation are the most effective methods of growing spring potatoes.

Purpose: to establish the basic principles of the organization of reclamed agricultural landscapes and to substantiate the use of the agricultural landscape approach in the organization of the territory. Materials and Methods. When preparing this article, the materials of Russian scientists dealing with the issues of soil fertility conservation and ecological sustainability of reclaimed agricultural landscapes were considered. The methods used were analysis, generalization, synthesis and other methods of working with literary sources on this issue. Results. In performing the work, the main principles and indicators were determined, such as productivity, sustainability, the rule of transforming measures for the natural environment, optimization of the agricultural landscape, authenticity, principles of the formation of reclaimed agricultural landscapes, the complexity of the reclamation impact, the required diversity, the uniqueness of the reclamation impact. The basic requirements for the preservation of soil fertility of reclaimed irrigated agricultural landscape have been established. It was found that to maintain ecological balance within the irrigated agricultural landscape, it is necessary to adhere to the indicators of the reclamation load of the natural environment. The limits of agricultural lands saturation in reclaimed agricultural landscapes for various agro-climatic zones have been substantiated and recommended. Conclusions. It has been determined that the coefficient of reclamation loading of irrigated lands, showing the maximum share of irrigated lands that can be irrigated in a particular climatic zone, varies from 0.3 in the forest-steppe zone to 0.60–0.85 in the semi-desert and desert zone. This suggests that with an increase in moisture supply, this indicator decreases, the recommended amount of agricultural land in various agroclimatic zones varies from 30 to 87 %, while the area of arable land should not exceed 20–25 % in a very dry zone, and with an increase in moisture supply, it can increase up to 80 % in the semi-arid zone. The amount of irrigated land in the reclaimed agricultural landscape should not exceed 18–20 %. Irrigated meadows and pastures should account for 1–2 to 5–6 % of the area.

We establish a remarkable relationship between the quantum Gaudin models with boundary and the classical many-body integrable systems of Calogero-Moser type associated with the root systems of classical Lie algebras (B, C and D). We show that under identification of spectra of the Gaudin Hamiltonians $H_j^{\rm G}$ with particles velocities $\dot q_j$ of the classical model all integrals of motion of the latter take zero values. This is the generalization of the quantum-classical duality observed earlier for Gaudin models with periodic boundary conditions and Calogero-Moser models associated with the root system of the type A., 19 pages, references added

Purpose: scientific and technical basis of the technology of applying mineral fertilizers against the background of precision irrigation during winter wheat cultivation in the south of Russia. Materials and methods. For assessing the precision irrigation technology efficiency in 2019, a two-factor field experiment was carried out at the fields of Biryuchekutskaya vegetable selection experimental station – a branch of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution “Federal Vegetable Research Center” using the example of winter wheat. The influence of different mineral fertilizers availability at different irrigation technologies on winter wheat productivity was studied. Results. The following technical characteristics have been determined: yield, total water consumption, irrigation rate and water balance coefficients for the options of the experiment. On the basis of technical characteristics, empirical dependences of winter wheat productivity on the applied fertilizers total doses used by zonal farming systems and with precision irrigation, as well as the empirical dependence of the dynamics of potato productivity on the sum of the mineral fertilizers rate of application and water consumption during precision irrigation, described by the surface equation, were revealed. The specified yield increase due to fertilizers in variants with precision fertilization (A2B3 and A3B3) was 6.2 and 6.7 t/ha (or 94.4 and 124.1 %), which is 1.2 and 1.5 t/ha higher in comparison with the recommended climatic cropping pattern (CCP) (A2B2 and A3B2), respectively. Water consumption of winter wheat in variants without irrigation (A1B1, A1B2, A1B3) ranged from 3371 to 3525 m³/ha, and in variants with the technology recommended by CCP (A2B1, A2B2 and A2B3), varied from 5702 to 6162 m³/ha and varied from 5639 to 6066 m³/ha in variants of the experiment with precision irrigation (A3B1, A3B2 and A3B3). Conclusions. The analysis of the results of field studies made it possible to conclude that the technology of precision application of mineral fertilizers against the background of precision irrigation has shown high efficiency.

The article presents the main possibilities of using the projected Russian-Cuban geodynamic colocation station on the basis of the Institute of Geophysics and Astronomy of the Ministry of Science, Technology and the Environment of the Republic of Cuba to carry out radio observations and monitoring the near-Earth space. Potential capabilities of the station are considered for providing various observational programs: astrophysical observations; observations by space geodesy methods using radio very long baselines interferometers, global navigation satellite systems, laser rangers, and various Doppler systems, as well as monitoring of artificial and natural bodies in the near-Earth and deep space, including the ranging of asteroids approaching the Earth. The results of modeling the observations on the planned station are compared with that obtained on the existing geodynamic stations. The efficiency of the projected Russian-Cuban station for solving astronomical tasks is considered.

The necessity to adapt traditionally accepted methods of ornithological observations for wind powers ecological management suggested on the basis of research carried out in 2009-2015. Some 18 wind powers in the Azov-Black Sea region of Ukraine were examined. The essence of such adaptations is to consider the filed data on bird behavior in different phases of the annual cycle on the infrastructure of wind turbins in the stages of planning, construction and operation of the wind farm. The long-term observations prove the increasing risks for birds during their seasonal migrations from the wind powers. To assess the possible negative impact of wind farms on the birds we designed author's technique, which served as the basis for the computer program «WebBirds» and multi-threaded Web portal for the transfer, storage, access and processing of bird data.This adapted methods of collecting field data together with computer program for evaluating the influence of wind farm on the birds and the Web portal for the transmission, storage and processing of data is the basis for the ecological management of wind parks area.Keywords: birds, wind power, ecological management, Ukraine

The necessity to adapt traditionally accepted methods of ornithological observations for wind powers ecological management suggested on the basis of research carried out in 2009-2015. Some 18 wind powers in the Azov-Black Sea region of Ukraine were examined. The essence of such adaptations is to consider the filed data on bird behavior in different phases of the annual cycle on the infrastructure of wind turbins in the stages of planning, construction and operation of the wind farm. The long-term observations prove the increasing risks for birds during their seasonal migrations from the wind powers. To assess the possible negative impact of wind farms on the birds we designed author's technique, which served as the basis for the computer program «WebBirds» and multi-threaded Web portal for the transfer, storage, access and processing of bird data. This adapted methods of collecting field data together with computer program for evaluating the influence of wind farm on the birds and the Web portal for the transmission, storage and processing of data is the basis for the ecological management of wind parks area. Keywords: birds, wind power, ecological management, Ukraine

We extend duality between the quantum integrable Gaudin models with boundary and the classical Calogero-Moser systems associated with root systems of classical Lie algebras $B_N$, $C_N$, $D_N$ to the case of supersymmetric ${\rm gl}(m|n)$ Gaudin models with $m+n=2$. Namely, we show that the spectra of quantum Hamiltonians for all such magnets being identified with the classical particles velocities provide the zero level of the classical action variables., Comment: 21 pages, minor changes

The scientific article considers the impact of the error of circular control methods on assessing the quality of anti-erosion soil tillage on slope lands. The applied control methods are implemented in scientifically based designs of technical control facilities that can provide high measuring accuracy of the parameters, when profiling the soil surface for different slopes of the agricultural landscape of slope lands. It was found that the device error along the measurement path is negligible, since it is theoretically possible to set the scanning angle of 60 or more degrees, while the radial error is restrained, which does not allow setting such limits of angles even when the device arm length is 0.5 m. On the bases of the results of analytical studies, we obtained a graph of changes of the surface width being measured after the passage of the working part, depending on the scanning angle when the mechanism vibrates. The analysis of the graph allows us to conclude that in order to scan the underlying surface in case the working part width of the anti-erosion machine is known or can be predicted within the acceptable error values, it is necessary to change the radius of the scanned circle by changing the arm length. For example, when working part width is less than 0.5 meters, you can use any circle radii. If the width of soil tillage - from 0.5 meters to 1 meter, the circle radius should be more than 0.7 m and the scanning angle should be less than 50 degrees. When the width of the working part of more than 1 meter the circle radius should be about 3 meters that slightly complicates the design of the device since the diameter reaches almost 6 meters.