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Scientists are investigating the efficacy of different biosorbents for promoting economic and environmental viability in purifying contaminants. Among the primary by-products of biodiesel production is waste microalgae biomass, which has the potential to be used as a cheap biosorbent for the treatment of pollution. In the present study, the biomass left over after extracting the chlorella vulgaris was used to test the potential biosorption of CIP from simulated aqueous solutions. Bisorbent's ability was characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). Analysis with a Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer revealed that CIP biosorption occurred mainly at biomass sites containing carboxyl and amino groups. The equilibrium isotherm data and biosorption kinetics were addressed in the present study. The biosorption data match the Langmuir isotherm model, and the maximal biosorption capacity was determined to be 7.56 mg/g. While The pseudo-second-order model accurately described the biosorption kinetic data. Biosorbent regeneration was also studied using two different sodium hydroxide concentrations, the results showing that after desorption, the biosorption capacity decreased from 5.2 to 3.74 and 1.77 (mg/g) using 0.1NaOH and 0.5NaOH, respectively.

The frequent and widespread use of medicines and personal care products, particularly in the residential environment, tends to raise concerns about environmental and human health impacts. On the other hand, carbon dioxide accumulation in the atmosphere is a problem with numerous environmental consequences. Microalgae are being used to bioremediate toxins and capture CO2. The current study aimed to confirm the possibility of removing pharmaceutical contaminant (Ranitidine) at different concentrations by using the Chlorella Sorokiniana MH923013 microalgae strain during the growth time. As part of the experiment, carbon dioxide was added to the culture medium three times per week. Explanatory results revealed that gas doses directly affect microalgae growth and removal efficiency, as evidenced by faster and more productive cell adaptation compared to control cultures. The development profile of microalgae is significantly influenced by pure carbon dioxide bubbles. When compared to control flasks, carbon dioxide increased the specific growth rate and doubling time. During the 312 hours microalgae cultivation period, the Chlorella strain recorded the highest pollutant removal efficiency (58%), particularly at the pollutant concentration of 5 mg/l CO2.

Although online learning has become ubiquitous worldwide, earlier research has neglected the relationship between its actual use and security concerns. Learners’ lack of security awareness while using learning technologies remains rarely studied. This paper integrates Delone and McLean’s information system success (D&M-ISS) model with the security triangle framework. Data from 2,451 higher education students at different universities and a wide variety of disciplines in Iraq were collected. In addition to the effectiveness of the D&M-ISS factors, the research findings based on the structural equation model suggest that the three constructs of the security triangle framework—namely, confidentiality, integrity, and availability—were significant predictors of students’ use of online learning. This research can thus help academic organizations understand factors that can lead to the successful implementation of online learning and learners’ security awareness.

الملخص: يعتبر فرط نشاط جارة الدرقية الأولي الناجم عن ورم غدد جارات الدرقية خارج مكانها المعتاد في منطقة المنصف اكتشافا نادرا. نقدم هنا حالة من فرط نشاط جارة الدرقية الأولي الناجم عن ورم غدد جارات الدرقية خارج مكانها المعتاد يقع في منطقة المنصف لرجل يبلغ من العمر ٧٥ عاما. بداية تمت إحالة هذا المريض إلى العيادة للتحقيق في ارتفاع نسبة الكالسيوم في الدم الذي تم تشخيصه صدفة. وأظهر تصويره الأولي غدتين مشبوهتين، واحدة مجاورة للغدة الدرقية والأخرى في منطقة المنصف. عند التحقق بدراسات متكررة وإضافية، تم تحديد الغدة المنصفية لوحدها فقط باعتبارها الغدة المشبوهة المحتملة لورم غدة جارة الدرقية وتم التأكيد على ذلك بعد اعتدال مستويات هرمون الغدة جارة الدرقية بعد الاستئصال الجراحي. يمكن أن يكون التشخيص الدقيق لمثل هذه الحالات أمرا صعبا؛ واستخدام دراسة أشعة واحدة مثل التصوير بالموجات فوق الصوتية أو التصوير المقطعي المحوسب أو التصوير النووي وحده قد لا يؤدي إلى نتائج قاطعة أو يمكن أن يعطي نتائج إيجابية خاطئة. توضح حالتنا أن طرق التصوير المتعددة المستخدمة مجتمعة يمكن أن تؤدي إلى تشخيص دقيق لسبب فرط نشاط جارات الدرقية الأولي. وبالتالي يؤدي ذلك إلى تجنيب المرضى إجراءات استئصال جراحية إضافية غير ضرورية أو من ناحية أخرى، تقليل فرص نسيان مصادر أخرى للإفراز خارج مكانها المعتاد. Abstract: Primary hyperparathyroidism caused by an ectopic parathyroid adenoma in the mediastinum is a rare clinical condition. We present a 75-year-old male with primary hyperparathyroidism caused by an ectopic parathyroid adenoma in the mediastinum. This patient was initially referred to the clinic for suspected incidental hypercalcemia. Initial imaging showed two suspicious lesions: one adjacent to the thyroid gland and another in the mediastinum. Further investigations identified a sole mediastinal adenoma. The diagnosis was confirmed by normalization of parathyroid hormone levels after its surgical resection. Thoroughly diagnosing such cases can prove challenging and using a single modality such as ultrasonography, computed tomography, or nuclear imaging alone may not yield conclusive findings or can give false positive results. Our case demonstrates that a combination of several imaging modalities can lead to accurate localization of the cause of primary hyperparathyroidism. This will obviate the performance of unnecessary surgical procedures. In addition, the possibility of missing additional sources of ectopic secretions of the parathyroid hormone will be reduced.

Abstract- The servers’ nature of having bottleneck situations makes the load balancing one of the essential services in the networks, particularly with the users’ increasing load. This current paper investigates the technique of load-balancing related to Software-Defined Network (SDN). Due to the nature of the paper, there shall be processes of analysis and simulation to the software-defined network of the two servers. The following parts constitute two servers, four clients, a pox controller, and an open virtual switch. To have the proposed topology connected with the pox controller, there shall be the utilization of the OpenFlow protocol. The results demonstrate that the use of the technique of load balancing assists in equally distributing the requests among the servers.

Medicinal plant as herbal medicine is widely used to cure infectious diseases. Rubus fruticosus L (R. fruticosus) has been studied for its antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities. Different polarity leave extracts were prepared by using hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and hydro alcoholic solvents. Agar diffusion method has been used to assess the antibacterial activity against two gram-positive Enterococcus faecalis and Staphylococcus aureus and two gram-negative Escherichia coli and Haemophilus influenza bacterial strains. Cytotoxic activity was carried out against brine shrimp using the nauplii method (BSL). The results so obtained for various experiments demonstrates the total number of extracts produces moderate to strong antibacterial activity against the gram (+ and -). The best activity was discovered within hydro alcoholic upon all concentrations, whereas the inhibition zone exists within the range of 6−11 mm. In addition to that, the cytotoxic activity test confirms that hydro alcoholic extracts the maximum toxicity for values LC50 (4.68–6.96 μg/ml), where the LC50 values for all extracts be located within the range of 4.68–6.96 μg/ml. Finally, the plant itself and its derived extracts have been used as a folk medicine to treat serious infectious diseases.

Although online learning has become ubiquitous worldwide, earlier research has neglected the relationship between its actual use and security concerns. Learners' lack of security awareness while using learning technologies remains rarely studied. This paper integrates Delone and McLean's information system success (D&M-ISS) model with the security triangle framework. Data from 2,451 higher education students at different universities and a wide variety of disciplines in Iraq were collected. In addition to the effectiveness of the D&M-ISS factors, the research findings based on the structural equation model suggest that the three constructs of the security triangle framework--namely, confidentiality, integrity, and availability--were significant predictors of students' use of online learning. This research can thus help academic organizations understand factors that can lead to the successful implementation of online learning and learners' security awareness.

In constructing a secure and reliable cloud computing environment, a fully homomorphic encryption (FHE) scheme is conceived as a major cryptographic tool, as it enables arbitrary arithmetic evaluation of a cipher text without revealing the plaintext. However, due to very high of fully homomorphic encryption systems stays impractical and unfit for real-time applications One way to address this restriction is by using graphics processing unit (GPUs) and field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) to produce homomorphic encryption schemes. This paper represents the hardware implementation of an encryption for enhancement van Dijk, Gentry, Halevi and Vaikuntanathan’s (DGHV) scheme over the integer (DGHV10) using FPGA technology for high speed computation and real time results. The proposed method was simulated via Vivado system generator tools. Then design systems of fully homomrphic encryption are implemented in an FPGA hardware successfully using NEXYS 4 DDR board with ARTIX 7 XC7A100T FPGA. The Experimental results show that the FPGA- based fully homomorphic encryption system is 63 times faster than the simulation based implementation.

The electrode in the microbial fuel cell has a significant effect on cell performance. The treatment of the electrode is a crucial step to make the electrode surface more habitable for bacteria growth, thus, increases the power production as well as waste treatment. In the current study, two graphite electrodes were treated by a microwave. The first electrode was treated with 100W microwave energy, while the second one was treated with 600W microwave energy. There is a significant enhancement in the surface of the graphite anode after the pretreatment process. The results show an increase in the power density from 10 mW/m2 to 15 mW/m2 with 100w treatment and to 13.47 mW/m2 with 600w treatment. An organic sensor was obtained for the same waste material used, where the sensitivity was weak, ranging from 100 mg/L for organic matter to 150 g /L. The sensor was used once again for each substance with better results. The sensitivity ranged from 25 g/L per liter to 150 g/L, while successful linearity has been gain. Therefore, it can conclude that the microbial fuel cell with dual chamber can be designed for a biosensor with the available and cost-effective material.

Intrusion detection system is an imperative role in increasing security and decreasing the harm of the computer security system and information system when using of network. It observes different events in a network or system to decide occurring an intrusion or not and it is used to make strategic decision, security purposes and analyzing directions. This paper describes host based intrusion detection system architecture for DDoS attack, which intelligently detects the intrusion periodically and dynamically by evaluating the intruder group respective to the present node with its neighbors. We analyze a dependable dataset named CICIDS 2017 that contains benign and DDoS attack network flows, which meets certifiable criteria and is openly accessible. It evaluates the performance of a complete arrangement of machine learning algorithms and network traffic features to indicate the best features for detecting the assured attack classes. Our goal is storing the address of destination IP that is utilized to detect an intruder by method of misuse detection.

Health and environmental factors as well as operational difficulties are major challenges facing the development of an anaerobic digestion process. Some of these problems relate to the use of sludge collected from primary and secondary clarifier units in wastewater treatment plants for laboratory purposes. The present study addresses the preparation of sludge for laboratory purposes by using a mixture that consists of the digested sludge, which is less pathogenic, compared to the collected sludge from the primary or secondary clarifier, and food wastes. The sludge has been tested experimentally for 19 and 32 days under mesophilic conditions. The results show a steady methane production rate from the anaerobic digester which used sludge with a rate of 1.5 l/day and concentration around 60%, with comparatively low H2S gas content (10 ppm). The methane produced from the digester that used only digested sludge decreases during the experimental period.

Integration of laminar bubbling flow with heat transfer equations in a novel internal jacket airlift bioreactor using microbubbles technology was examined in the present study. The investigation was accomplished via Multiphysics modelling to calculate the gas holdup, velocity of liquid recirculation, mixing time and volume dead zone for hydrodynamic aspect. The temperature and internal energy were determined for heat transfer aspect. The results showed that the concentration of microbubbles in the unsparged area is greater than the chance of large bubbles with no dead zones being observed in the proposed design. In addition the pressure, due to the recirculation velocity of liquid around the draft tube, increased the retention time of microbubbles in the same area. Thus it was expected that their effect on mass and heat transfer phenomena would be positive for biological applications. For example the gas fraction volume of microbubble in the downcomer region is 0.0063, while with fine bubble diameter of 1 mm, this region was free from any bubble. Furthermore, the velocity of liquid in the center of ring diffuser would be 0.175 m/s, if the sparging system operated with bubble diameter of 100 micrometer, whilst would be 0.035 m/s with fine bubble diameter of 1 mm. The study also proved the importance of bubble diameter on the heat transfer in gas and liquid phases in the proposed design. Microbubbles gave greater responsiveness to stability and homogeneity in all parts of the bioreactor. Finally, this study concluded the efficiency of the proposed design with the microbubbles technology thermally and hydrodynamically.

The current study focused on tracking the biogas pathways in the internal loop airlift bioreactor under conditions of metabolic consumption. The focus of the investigation was simultaneously set on the wastewater produced by the dairy industry. Two stages were used to conduct this investigation. Using the Taguchi model, an optimization study of the bioreactor's operating conditions was conducted as the first step. The experimental findings demonstrated a distinct impact of the biogas flow rate on the overall mass transfer coefficient compared with the other operating parameters (liquid type and volume). By analyzing the S/N ratio and ANOVA analysis, the best level was determined for each parameter studied. The optimal factors were also identified (flow rate = 50, volume = 5.5, type of sol. = whey). These optimization values were then applied in real bacteria bio-consumption. The biogas consumed by the organism was also reduced from 50 to 25 liters/hour, thus saving 50% of the energy consumed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The serious GIT side effects of NSAIDs, due to their carboxylic acid groups, aroused the attention of researchers to manipulate such drugs. Conjugates with NSAIDs are a strategic, way for both augmenting the anti-inflammatory activities and reducing side effects. Natural or synthetic coumarins are interesting motifs for anti-inflammatory activity. The scope of this work was to conjugate NSAIDs (ibuprofen, diclofenac, mefenamic acid, ketorolac and indomethacin) with various substituted coumarins through an ester or amide linkages using a virtual screening molecular docking study to investigate their anti-inflammatory activities. COX-1, COX-2, phospholipase A2, and carbonic anhydrase were selected to study the anti-inflammatory activities. Results showed that 20 compounds (out of 75) could be considered as having such effects with scores more than those of the standard inhibitors. These compounds display talented docking connections with the active site in each enzyme with different antiinflammatory mechanisms. The estimation of the kinetic-pharmacological performance and the drugs similarity (drug-likeness) for the tested compound according to the ADME study were encouraging with respect to gastrointestinal (GI) absorption, circulation bioavailability and overall drugs similarity, so there is a good chance for these compounds to be established as real drugs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]