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Purpose: To evaluate inflammatory response and renal function after thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) of lesions in the descending thoracic aorta. Methods: Thirty-two consecutive patients treated with TEVAR from January 2010 to August 2013 were enrolled in this prospective study. Two were excluded owing to dissecting thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA) extending into the renal arteries with renal failure in one and a saccular TAA in which a multilayer flow-modulating stent was implanted in the other. This left 30 patients (28 men; mean age 68.8±5.9 years) with 28 TAAs, an aortic dissection, and an aortic ulcer for the analysis. Temperature and serum levels of white blood cells (WBCs), C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-10 (IL-10), IL-6, IL-8, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), creatinine, urea, and cystatin C were measured preoperatively and at 24 and 48 hours postoperatively. Results: Statistically significant increases in temperature and serum levels of WBCs, CRP, IL-10, and IL-6 were observed 24 and 48 hours postoperatively compared to baseline (all p

To evaluate the differential effects of endograft fabric types on pulse wave velocity (PWV), a valid, clinically feasible marker of arterial stiffness, in patients undergoing endovascular repair (EVAR) of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs).As part of a registered study (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT00636766), 118 consecutive men (mean age 71 ± 8 years) with AAA undergoing elective EVAR were divided into groups according to the type of fabric in the implanted endografts: 46 had polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)-covered stent-grafts and 72 received stent-grafts covered with polyester fabric. Patients with Marfan syndrome, collagen-related disorders, and end-stage renal failure were excluded. PWV, clinical characteristics (comorbidities, body mass index, blood pressure, lipids, and glucose profile), novel biomarkers [interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, IL-10, and osteoprotegerin (OPG)] were determined at baseline and prospectively after 12 months.At baseline, standard multiple regression analysis revealed the independent association of mean blood pressure, OPG, and AAA diameter with PWV after adjustment for age (R(2)=0.729, p=0.036). At follow-up, serum levels of both IL-8 and IL-10 were significantly increased, while OPG decreased in both groups (p0.05). However, between-group comparison revealed a more adverse effect of polyester covered endografts on serum IL-8 (p0.001) and OPG (p=0.048) levels. At the same time, PWV was considerably increased in both polyester (+4.12±0.33 m/s, p0.001) and PTFE (+2.82 ± 0.25 m/s, p=0.003) groups; the effect was more pronounced in the former group (p=0.033). In multivariate analysis, the polyester endograft type emerged as an independent determinant of PWV change after EVAR (R(2)=0.460, p=0.040).Both endograft types increased PWV, while recipients of polyester covered stent-grafts showed greater PWV elevation. Further investigation will clarify the inflammatory response and the differential clinical impact of endograft types.