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109 results on '"Maugeri, M"'

1. Drought Variability and Trend Over the Lombardy Plain from Meteorological Station Records

Author

Gandolfi, C., Facchi, A., Crespi, A., Rienzner, M., Maugeri, M., di Prisco, Marco, Series Editor, Chen, Sheng-Hong, Series Editor, Vayas, Ioannis, Series Editor, Kumar Shukla, Sanjay, Series Editor, Sharma, Anuj, Series Editor, Kumar, Nagesh, Series Editor, Wang, Chien Ming, Series Editor, Coppola, Antonio, editor, Di Renzo, Giovanni Carlo, editor, Altieri, Giuseppe, editor, and D'Antonio, Paola, editor

Published
2020
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5. Evaluating the Fork-Awareness of Coverage-Guided Fuzzers

Author

Mori, P., Maugeri, M., Daniele, C., Bella, G., Poll, E., Mori, P., Maugeri, M., Daniele, C., Bella, G., and Poll, E.

Abstract

ICISSP 2023, Contains fulltext : 290606.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access)

Published
2023

6. Il giudizio di bilanciamento: una giurisprudenza costituzionale orientata al caso? Notazioni introduttive

Author

Maugeri, M, Grasso, G, Salvato, L, Troncone, F, Massa, Michele, Michele Massa (ORCID:0000-0001-6642-7654), Maugeri, M, Grasso, G, Salvato, L, Troncone, F, Massa, Michele, and Michele Massa (ORCID:0000-0001-6642-7654)

Abstract

Il testo riproduce, con alcune riduzioni, una lezione omonima nel corso di formazione della Scuola superiore della Magistratura da cui è derivato il volume. Sommario: 1. Definizione – 2. Fondamenti – 3. Alternative? – 4. Test – 5. Proporzionalità e ragionevolezza – 6. Nei sistemi UE e CEDU – 7. Suggerimenti riassuntivi

Published
2023

12. One Year Performance Assessment of Silicon Hetero-Junction Solar Modules on Horizontal Single Axis Tracker

Author

Maugeri, M., Sanz Martinez, A., Setien, E., Todaro, L., Mignonac, A., Demofonti, G., Guastella, S., Virtuani, A., and Guillerez, S.

Subjects
Operation, Performance and Maintenance of PV Systems, PV Systems Engineering, Integrated/Applied PV
Abstract

8th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion; 1359-1363, The deployment of single-axis tracker bifacial PV systems is attracting the interest of several PV operators particularly targeting the utility-scale market segment. The main driver is the lowest Levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) achievable by this solution due to the increased energy yield. This paper presents the results of one full year of monitoring data from a pilot PV system realized in the framework of the H2020 European project, GOPV. The PV pilot plant is installed in Cadarache (France) and consists of bifacial half-cell silicon heterojunction (HJT) PV modules combined with Horizontal Single Axis Trackers (HSAT), east-west sun tracking. This work compares the monthly gain of the energy yield of the bifacial HJT technology, installed both on a tilted fixed structure and on a HSAT tracker, with a PERC monofacial technology installed on tilted fixed structure, which serves as a reference system. The results highlight that, compared to the benchmark technology, the energy yield of the bifacial HJT on a fixed structure can achieve an average of 15% gain on annual basis, and the HJT bifacial on HSAT can exceed 35% during the summer months. This study also includes insights from the experience gathered in one year of activity on the influence of wind parameters on tracking yield.

Published
2022
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13. Influence of rainfall on foraging behavior of a tropical seabird

Author

De Pascalis F.[1, Austin R.E.[2], Green J.A.[2], Arnould J.P.Y.[3], Imperio S.[4, Maugeri M.[1], Haakonsson J.[6], Cecere J.G.[4], and Rubolinia D.[7]

Subjects
Animal Science and Zoology, environmental drivers, Hidden Markov Models, magnificent frigatebird, precipitation, Resource Selection Function, spatial behavior, wind speed, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Abstract

Acquiring resources for self-maintenance and reproduction is a key challenge for wild animals, and the methods that individuals employ are, in part, shaped by environmental conditions that vary in time and space. For birds, rainfall may affect behavior, impairing senses and increasing energetic costs, but its consequences on movement patterns are poorly explored. We investigated the influence of rainfall on the foraging behavior of the magnificent frigatebird, Fregata magnificens. This peculiar tropical seabird lacks feather waterproofing and is known to track environmental conditions while searching for food. Thus, its foraging behavior should be highly sensitive to the effects of rainfall. By GPS-tracking chick-rearing adults, we showed that frigatebirds did not avoid areas with rainfall during foraging trips, nor did rainfall influence trip characteristics. However, rainfall decreased time devoted to foraging and increased time spent perching. Moreover, it affected flight mode, inducing birds to fly slower and at lower altitudes. Wind speed, which was not correlated with rainfall, only affected behavior during night-time, with strong winds decreasing time spent perching. Our results indicate that rainfall does not affect the spatial distribution of foraging frigatebirds but does alter fine-scale foraging behavior by reducing flight activity. We suggest that the ongoing environmental change in this region, including an increase in rainfall events, has the potential to impair foraging and negatively affect fitness.

Published
2021
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29. Climate signals in a multispecies tree-ring network from central and southern Italy and reconstruction of the late summer temperatures since the early 1700s

Author

Leonelli, G, Coppola, A, Salvatore, M, Baroni, C, Battipaglia, G, Gentilesca, T, Ripullone, F, Borghetti, M, Conte, E, Tognetti, R, Marchetti, M, Lombardi, F, Brunetti, M, Maugeri, M, Pelfini, M, Cherubini, P, Provenzale, A, Maggi, V, Leonelli G., Coppola A., Salvatore M. C., Baroni C., Battipaglia G., Gentilesca T., Ripullone F., Borghetti M., Conte E., Tognetti R., Marchetti M., Lombardi F., Brunetti M., Maugeri M., Pelfini M., Cherubini P., Provenzale A., Maggi V., Leonelli, G, Coppola, A, Salvatore, M, Baroni, C, Battipaglia, G, Gentilesca, T, Ripullone, F, Borghetti, M, Conte, E, Tognetti, R, Marchetti, M, Lombardi, F, Brunetti, M, Maugeri, M, Pelfini, M, Cherubini, P, Provenzale, A, Maggi, V, Leonelli G., Coppola A., Salvatore M. C., Baroni C., Battipaglia G., Gentilesca T., Ripullone F., Borghetti M., Conte E., Tognetti R., Marchetti M., Lombardi F., Brunetti M., Maugeri M., Pelfini M., Cherubini P., Provenzale A., and Maggi V.

Abstract

A first assessment of the main climatic drivers that modulate the tree-ring width (RW) and maximum latewood density (MXD) along the Italian Peninsula and northeastern Sicily was performed using 27 forest sites, which include conifers (RW and MXD) and broadleaves (only RW). Tree-ring data were compared using the correlation analysis of the monthly and seasonal variables of temperature, precipitation and standardized precipitation index (SPI, used to characterize meteorological droughts) against each species-specific site chronology and against the highly sensitive to climate (HSTC) chronologies (based on selected indexed individual series). We find that climate signals in conifer MXD are stronger and more stable over time than those in conifer and broadleaf RW. In particular, conifer MXD variability is directly influenced by the late summer (August, September) temperature and is inversely influenced by the summer precipitation and droughts (SPI at a timescale of 3 months). The MXD sensitivity to August-September (AS) temperature and to summer drought is mainly driven by the latitudinal gradient of summer precipitation amounts, with sites in the northern Apennines showing stronger climate signals than sites in the south. Conifer RW is influenced by the temperature and drought of the previous summer, whereas broadleaf RW is more influenced by summer precipitation and drought of the current growing season. The reconstruction of the late summer temperatures for the Italian Peninsula for the past 300 years, based on the HSTC chronology of conifer MXD, shows a stable model performance that underlines periods of climatic cooling (and likely also wetter conditions) in 1699, 1740, 1814, 1914 and 1938, and follows well the variability of the instrumental record and of other tree-ring-based reconstructions in the region. Considering a 20-year low-pass-filtered series, the reconstructed temperature record consistently deviatesg < 1 °C from the instrumental record. This diverg

Published
2017

32. Climate signals in a multispecies tree-ring network from central and southern Italy and reconstruction of the late summer temperatures since the early 1700s

Author

Leonelli G.[1], Coppola A.[2], Salvatore M.C.[2], Baroni C.[2, Battipaglia G.[4, Gentilesca T.[6], Ripullone F.[6], Borghetti M.[6], Conte E.[7], Tognetti R.[8], Marchetti M.[7], Lombardi F.[9], Brunetti M.[10], Maugeri M.[10, 11], Pelfini M.[12], Cherubini P.[13], Provenzale A.[3], Maggi V.[1, Leonelli, G, Coppola, A, Salvatore, M, Baroni, C, Battipaglia, G, Gentilesca, T, Ripullone, F, Borghetti, M, Conte, E, Tognetti, R, Marchetti, M, Lombardi, F, Brunetti, M, Maugeri, M, Pelfini, M, Cherubini, P, Provenzale, A, Maggi, V, Leonelli, Giovanni, Coppola, Anna, Salvatore, Maria Cristina, Baroni, Carlo, Battipaglia, Giovanna, Gentilesca, Tiziana, Ripullone, Francesco, Borghetti, Marco, Conte, Emanuele, Tognetti, Roberto, Marchetti, Marco, Lombardi, Fabio, Brunetti, Michele, Maugeri, Maurizio, Pelfini, Manuela, Cherubini, Paolo, Provenzale, Antonello, and Maggi, Valter

Subjects
010506 paleontology, multispecies tree rings, dendrochronology, climatic signals, summer temperature, Little Ice Age, Central Italy, Southern Italy, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Stratigraphy, lcsh:Environmental protection, Growing season, Mediterranean, 01 natural sciences, lcsh:Environmental pollution, Peninsula, Paleoclimatology, Dendrochronology, lcsh:TD169-171.8, Precipitation, lcsh:Environmental sciences, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Temperature record, climate reconstruction, lcsh:GE1-350, Global and Planetary Change, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Paleontology, temperature, Italy, Climatology, lcsh:TD172-193.5, Environmental science, climate, tree rings, Italy, reconstructions, paleoclimate, Chronology
Abstract

A first assessment of the main climatic drivers that modulate the tree-ring width (RW) and maximum latewood density (MXD) along the Italian Peninsula and northeastern Sicily was performed using 27 forest sites, which include conifers (RW and MXD) and broadleaves (only RW). Tree-ring data were compared using the correlation analysis of the monthly and seasonal variables of temperature, precipitation and standardized precipitation index (SPI, used to characterize meteorological droughts) against each species-specific site chronology and against the highly sensitive to climate (HSTC) chronologies (based on selected indexed individual series). We find that climate signals in conifer MXD are stronger and more stable over time than those in conifer and broadleaf RW. In particular, conifer MXD variability is directly influenced by the late summer (August, September) temperature and is inversely influenced by the summer precipitation and droughts (SPI at a timescale of 3 months). The MXD sensitivity to August–September (AS) temperature and to summer drought is mainly driven by the latitudinal gradient of summer precipitation amounts, with sites in the northern Apennines showing stronger climate signals than sites in the south. Conifer RW is influenced by the temperature and drought of the previous summer, whereas broadleaf RW is more influenced by summer precipitation and drought of the current growing season. The reconstruction of the late summer temperatures for the Italian Peninsula for the past 300 years, based on the HSTC chronology of conifer MXD, shows a stable model performance that underlines periods of climatic cooling (and likely also wetter conditions) in 1699, 1740, 1814, 1914 and 1938, and follows well the variability of the instrumental record and of other tree-ring-based reconstructions in the region. Considering a 20-year low-pass-filtered series, the reconstructed temperature record consistently deviates

Published
2017
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33. Minimal information for studies of extracellular vesicles 2018 (MISEV2018): a position statement of the International Society for Extracellular Vesicles and update of the MISEV2014 guidelines

Author

Thery, C., Witwer, K. (Kenneth), Aikawa, E. (Elena), Alcaraz, M.J. (Maria Jose), Anderson, J.D. (Johnathon D), Andriantsitohaina, R. (Ramaroson), Antoniou, A. (Anna), Arab, T. (Tanina), Archer, F. (Fabienne), Atkin-Smith, G.K. (Georgia K), Ayre, D.C. (D Craig), Bach, J.-M. (Jean-Marie), Bachurski, D. (Daniel), Baharvand, H. (Hossein), Balaj, L. (Leonora), Baldacchino, S. (Shawn), Bauer, N.N. (Natalie N), Baxter, A.A. (Amy A), Bebawy, M. (Mary), Beckham, C. (Carla), Bedina Zavec, A. (Apolonija), Benmoussa, A. (Abderrahim), Berardi, A.C. (Anna C), Bergese, P. (Paolo), Bielska, E. (Ewa), Blenkiron, C. (Cherie), Bobis-Wozowicz, S. (Sylwia), Boilard, E. (Eric), Boireau, W. (Wilfrid), Bongiovanni, A. (Antonella), Borràs, F.E. (Francesc), Bosch, S. (Steffi), Boulanger, C.M. (Chantal), Breakefield, X. (Xandra), Breglio, A.M. (Andrew M), Brennan, M.Á. (Meadhbh Á), Brigstock, D.R. (David R), Brisson, A. (Alain), Broekman, M.L.D. (Marike), Bromberg, J.F. (Jacqueline F), Bryl-Górecka, P. (Paulina), Buch, S. (Shilpa), Buck, A.H. (Amy H), Burger, D. (Dylan), Busatto, S. (Sara), Buschmann, D. (Dominik), Bussolati, B. (Benedetta), Buzas, E. (Edit), Byrd, J.B. (James Bryan), Camussi, G. (Giovanni), Carter, D.R.F. (David RF), Caruso, S. (Sarah), Chamley, L.W. (Lawrence W), Chang, Y.-T. (Yu-Ting), Chaudhuri, A.D. (Amrita Datta), Chen, C. (Chihchen), Chen, S. (Shuai), Cheng, L. (Lesley), Chin, A.R. (Andrew R), Clayton, A. (Aled), Clerici, S.P. (Stefano P), Cocks, A. (Alex), Cocucci, E. (Emanuele), Coffey, R.J. (Robert J), Cordeiro-da-Silva, A. (Anabela), Couch, Y. (Yvonne), Coumans, F.A.W. (Frank AW), Coyle, B. (Beth), Crescitelli, R. (Rossella), Criado, M.F. (Miria Ferreira), D’Souza-Schorey, C. (Crislyn), Das, S. (Saumya), de Candia, P. (Paola), De Santana, E.F. (Eliezer F), De Wever, O. (Olivier), Del Portillo, H. (Hernando), Demaret, T. (Tanguy), Deville, S. (Sarah), Devitt, A. (Andrew), Dhondt, B. (Bert), Di Vizio, D. (Dolores), Dieterich, L.C. (Lothar C), Dolo, V. (Vincenza), Dominguez Rubio, A.P. (Ana Paula), Dominici, M. (Massimo), Dourado, M.R. (Mauricio R), Driedonks, T.A.P. (Tom AP), Duarte, F.V. (Filipe V), Duncan, H.M. (Heather M), Eichenberger, R.M. (Ramon M), Ekström, K. (Karin), EL Andaloussi, S. (Samir), Elie-Caille, C. (Celine), Erdbrügger, U. (Uta), Falcon-Perez, J.M. (Juan), Fatima, F. (Farah), Fish, J.E. (Jason E), Flores-Bellver, M. (Miguel), Försönits, A. (András), Frelet-Barrand, A. (Annie), Fricke, F. (Fabia), Fuhrmann, G. (Gregor), Gabrielsson, S. (Susanne), Gámez-Valero, A. (Ana), Gardiner, C. (Chris), Gärtner, K. (Kathrin), Gaudin, R. (Raphael), Gho, Y.S. (Yong Song), Giebel, B. (B.), Gilbert, C. (Caroline), Gimona, M. (Mario), Giusti, I. (Ilaria), Goberdhan, D.C.I. (Deborah CI), Görgens, A. (André), Gorski, S.M. (Sharon M), Greening, D.W. (David W.), Gross, J.C. (Julia Christina), Gualerzi, A. (Alice), Gupta, G.N. (Gopal N), Gustafson, D. (Dakota), Handberg, A. (Aase), Haraszti, R.A. (Reka A), Harrison, P. (Paul), Hegyesi, H. (Hargita), Hendrix, A. (An), Hill, A.F. (Andrew F), Hochberg, F.H. (Fred H), Hoffmann, K.F. (Karl F), Holder, B. (Beth), Holthofer, H. (Harry), Hosseinkhani, B. (Baharak), Hu, G. (Guoku), Huang, Y. (Yiyao), Huber, V. (Veronica), Hunt, S. (Stuart), Ibrahim, A.G.-E. (Ahmed Gamal-Eldin), Ikezu, T. (Tsuneya), Inal, J.M. (Jameel), Isin, M. (Mustafa), Ivanova, A. (Alena), Jackson, H.K. (Hannah K), Jacobsen, S. (Soren), Jay, S.M. (Steven M), Jayachandran, M. (Muthuvel), Jenster, G.W. (Guido), Jiang, L. (Lanzhou), Johnson, S.M. (Suzanne M), Jones, J.C. (Jennifer C), Jong, A. (Ambrose), Jovanovic-Talisman, T. (Tijana), Jung, S. (Stephanie), Kalluri, R. (Raghu), Kano, S.-I. (Shin-ichi), Kaur, S. (Sukhbir), Kawamura, Y. (Yumi), Keller, E.T. (Evan T), Khamari, D. (Delaram), Khomyakova, E. (Elena), Khvorova, A. (Anastasia), Kierulf, P. (Peter), Kim, K.P. (Kwang Pyo), Kislinger, T. (Thomas), Klingeborn, M. (Mikael), Klinke, D.J. (David J), Kornek, M. (Miroslaw), Kosanović, M.M. (Maja M), Kovács, Á.F. (Árpád Ferenc), Krämer-Albers, E.-M. (Eva-Maria), Krasemann, S. (Susanne), Krause, M. (Mirja), Kurochkin, I.V. (Igor V), Kusuma, G.D. (Gina D), Kuypers, S. (Sören), Laitinen, S. (Saara), Langevin, S.M. (Scott M), Languino, L.R. (Lucia R), Lannigan, J. (Joanne), Lässer, C. (Cecilia), Laurent, L.C. (Louise C), Lavieu, G. (Gregory), Lázaro-Ibáñez, E. (Elisa), Le Lay, S. (Soazig), Lee, M.-S. (Myung-Shin), Lee, Y.X.F. (Yi Xin Fiona), Lemos, D.S. (Debora S), Lenassi, M. (Metka), Leszczynska, A. (Aleksandra), Li, I.T.S. (Isaac TS), Liao, K. (Ke), Libregts, S.F. (Sten), Ligeti, E. (Erzsebet), Lim, R. (Rebecca), Lim, S.K. (Sai Kiang), Linē, A. (Aija), Linnemannstöns, K. (Karen), Llorente, A. (Alicia), Lombard, C.A. (Catherine A), Lorenowicz, M.J. (Magdalena J), Lörincz, Á.M. (Ákos M), Lötvall, J. (Jan), Lovett, J. (Jason), Lowry, M.C. (Michelle C), Loyer, X. (Xavier), Lu, Q. (Quan), Lukomska, B. (Barbara), Lunavat, T.R. (Taral R), Maas, S.L.N. (Sybren), Malhi, H. (Harmeet), Marcilla, A. (Antonio), Mariani, J. (Jacopo), Mariscal, J. (Javier), Martens-Uzunova, E.S. (Elena), Martin-Jaular, L. (Lorena), Martinez, M.C. (M Carmen), Martins, V.R. (Vilma Regina), Mathieu, M. (Mathilde), Mathivanan, S. (Suresh), Maugeri, M. (Marco), McGinnis, L.K. (Lynda K), McVey, M.J. (Mark J), Meckes, D.G. (David G), Meehan, K.L. (Katie L), Mertens, I. (Inge), Minciacchi, V.R. (Valentina R), Möller, A. (Andreas), Møller Jørgensen, M. (Malene), Morales-Kastresana, A. (Aizea), Morhayim, J. (Jess), Mullier, F. (Francois), Muraca, M. (Maurizio), Musante, L. (Luca), Mussack, V. (Veronika), Muth, D.C. (Dillon C), Myburgh, K.H. (Kathryn H), Najrana, T. (Tanbir), Nawaz, M. (Muhammad), Nazarenko, I. (Irina), Nejsum, P. (Peter), Neri, C. (Christian), Neri, T. (Tommaso), Nieuwland, C.C.M. (Carolien) van, Nimrichter, L. (Leonardo), Nolan, J.P. (John P), Nolte-’t Hoen, E.N.M. (Esther NM), Hooten, N.N. (Nicole Noren), O’Driscoll, L. (Lorraine), O’Grady, T. (Tina), O’Loghlen, A. (Ana), Ochiya, T. (Takahiro), Olivier, M. (Martin), Ortiz, A. (Alberto), Ortiz, L.A. (Luis A), Osteikoetxea, X. (Xabier), Ostegaard, O. (Ole), Ostrowski, M. (Matias), Park, J. (Jaesung), Pegtel, D.M. (D. Michiel), Peinado, H. (Hector), Perut, F. (Francesca), Pfaffl, M.W. (Michael W), Phinney, D.G. (Donald G), Pieters, B.C.H. (Bartijn CH), Pink, R.C. (Ryan C), Pisetsky, D.S. (David S), Pogge von Strandmann, E. (Elke), Polakovicova, I. (Iva), Poon, I.K.H. (Ivan KH), Powell, B.H. (Bonita H), Prada, I. (Ilaria), Pulliam, L. (Lynn), Quesenberry, P. (Peter), Radeghieri, A. (Annalisa), Raffai, R.L. (Robert L), Raimondo, S. (Stefania), Rak, J. (Janusz), Ramirez, M.I. (Marcel I.), Raposo, L. (Luís), Rayyan, M.S. (Morsi S), Regev-Rudzki, N. (Neta), Ricklefs, F.L. (Franz L), Robbins, P.D. (Paul D), Roberts, D.D. (David D), Rodrigues, S.C. (Silvia C), Rohde, E. (Eva), Rome, S. (Sophie), Rouschop, K.M.A. (Kasper MA), Rughetti, A. (Aurelia), Russell, A.E. (Ashley E), Saá, P. (Paula), Sahoo, S. (Susmita), Salas-Huenuleo, E. (Edison), Sánchez, C. (Catherine), Saugstad, J.A. (Julie A), Saul, M.J. (Meike J), Schiffelers, R.M. (Raymond), Schneider, R. (Raphael), Schøyen, T.H. (Tine Hiorth), Scott, A. (Aaron), Shahaj, E. (Eriomina), Sharma, S. (Shivani), Shatnyeva, O. (Olga), Shekari, F. (Faezeh), Shelke, G.V. (Ganesh Vilas), Shetty, A.K. (Ashok K), Shiba, K. (Kiyotaka), Siljander, P. (Pia), Silva, A.M. (Andreia M), Skowronek, A. (Agata), Snyder, O.L. (Orman L), Soares, R.P. (Rodrigo Pedro), Sódar, B.W. (Barbara W), Soekmadji, C. (Carolina), Sotillo, J. (Javier), Stahl, P.D. (Philip D), Stoorvogel, W. (Willem), Stott, S.L. (Shannon L), Strasser, E.F. (Erwin F), Swift, S. (Simon), Tahara, H. (Hidetoshi), Tewari, M. (Muneesh), Timms, K. (Kate), Tiwari, S. (Swasti), Tixeira, R. (Rochelle), Tkach, M. (Mercedes), Toh, W.S. (Wei Seong), Tomasini, R. (Richard), Torrecilhas, A.C. (Ana Claudia), Tosar, J.P. (Juan Pablo), Toxavidis, V. (Vasilis), Urbanelli, L. (Lorena), Vader, P. (Pieter), Balkom, B.W.M. (Bas) van, van der Grein, S.G. (Susanne G), Van Deun, J. (Jan), van Herwijnen, M.J.C. (Martijn JC), Van Keuren-Jensen, K. (Kendall), van Niel, G. (Guillaume), Royen, M.E. (Martin), van Wijnen, A.J. (Andre J), Vasconcelos, M.H. (M Helena), Vechetti, I.J. (Ivan J), Veit, T.D. (Tiago D), Vella, L.J. (Laura J.), Velot, É. (Émilie), Verweij, F.J. (Frederik J), Vestad, B. (Beate), Viñas, J.L. (Jose L), Visnovitz, T. (Tamás), Vukman, K.V. (Krisztina V), Wahlgren, J. (Jessica), Watson, D.C. (Dionysios C), Wauben, M.H.M. (Marca), Weaver, A. (Alissa), Webber, J.P. (Jason P), Weber, V. (Viktoria), Wehman, A.M. (Ann M), Weiss, D.J. (Daniel J), Welsh, J.A. (Joshua A), Wendt, S. (Sebastian), Wheelock, A.M. (Asa M), Wiener, Z. (Zoltán), Witte, L. (Leonie), Wolfram, J. (Joy), Xagorari, A. (Angeliki), Xander, P. (Patricia), Xu, J. (Jing), Yan, X. (Xiaomei), Yáñez-Mó, M. (María), Yin, H. (Hang), Yuana, Y., Zappulli, V. (Valentina), Zarubova, J. (Jana), Žėkas, V. (Vytautas), Zhang, J.-Y. (Jian-ye), Zhao, Z. (Zezhou), Zheng, L. (Lei), Zheutlin, A.R. (Alexander R), Zickler, A.M. (Antje M), Zimmermann, P. (Pascale), Zivkovic, A.M. (Angela M), Zocco, D. (Davide), Zuba-Surma, E.K. (Ewa K), Thery, C., Witwer, K. (Kenneth), Aikawa, E. (Elena), Alcaraz, M.J. (Maria Jose), Anderson, J.D. (Johnathon D), Andriantsitohaina, R. (Ramaroson), Antoniou, A. (Anna), Arab, T. (Tanina), Archer, F. (Fabienne), Atkin-Smith, G.K. (Georgia K), Ayre, D.C. (D Craig), Bach, J.-M. (Jean-Marie), Bachurski, D. (Daniel), Baharvand, H. (Hossein), Balaj, L. (Leonora), Baldacchino, S. (Shawn), Bauer, N.N. (Natalie N), Baxter, A.A. (Amy A), Bebawy, M. (Mary), Beckham, C. (Carla), Bedina Zavec, A. (Apolonija), Benmoussa, A. (Abderrahim), Berardi, A.C. (Anna C), Bergese, P. (Paolo), Bielska, E. (Ewa), Blenkiron, C. (Cherie), Bobis-Wozowicz, S. (Sylwia), Boilard, E. (Eric), Boireau, W. (Wilfrid), Bongiovanni, A. (Antonella), Borràs, F.E. (Francesc), Bosch, S. (Steffi), Boulanger, C.M. (Chantal), Breakefield, X. (Xandra), Breglio, A.M. (Andrew M), Brennan, M.Á. (Meadhbh Á), Brigstock, D.R. (David R), Brisson, A. (Alain), Broekman, M.L.D. (Marike), Bromberg, J.F. (Jacqueline F), Bryl-Górecka, P. (Paulina), Buch, S. (Shilpa), Buck, A.H. (Amy H), Burger, D. (Dylan), Busatto, S. (Sara), Buschmann, D. (Dominik), Bussolati, B. (Benedetta), Buzas, E. (Edit), Byrd, J.B. (James Bryan), Camussi, G. (Giovanni), Carter, D.R.F. (David RF), Caruso, S. (Sarah), Chamley, L.W. (Lawrence W), Chang, Y.-T. (Yu-Ting), Chaudhuri, A.D. (Amrita Datta), Chen, C. (Chihchen), Chen, S. (Shuai), Cheng, L. (Lesley), Chin, A.R. (Andrew R), Clayton, A. (Aled), Clerici, S.P. (Stefano P), Cocks, A. (Alex), Cocucci, E. (Emanuele), Coffey, R.J. (Robert J), Cordeiro-da-Silva, A. (Anabela), Couch, Y. (Yvonne), Coumans, F.A.W. (Frank AW), Coyle, B. (Beth), Crescitelli, R. (Rossella), Criado, M.F. (Miria Ferreira), D’Souza-Schorey, C. (Crislyn), Das, S. (Saumya), de Candia, P. (Paola), De Santana, E.F. (Eliezer F), De Wever, O. (Olivier), Del Portillo, H. (Hernando), Demaret, T. (Tanguy), Deville, S. (Sarah), Devitt, A. (Andrew), Dhondt, B. (Bert), Di Vizio, D. (Dolores), Dieterich, L.C. (Lothar C), Dolo, V. (Vincenza), Dominguez Rubio, A.P. (Ana Paula), Dominici, M. (Massimo), Dourado, M.R. (Mauricio R), Driedonks, T.A.P. (Tom AP), Duarte, F.V. (Filipe V), Duncan, H.M. (Heather M), Eichenberger, R.M. (Ramon M), Ekström, K. (Karin), EL Andaloussi, S. (Samir), Elie-Caille, C. (Celine), Erdbrügger, U. (Uta), Falcon-Perez, J.M. (Juan), Fatima, F. (Farah), Fish, J.E. (Jason E), Flores-Bellver, M. (Miguel), Försönits, A. (András), Frelet-Barrand, A. (Annie), Fricke, F. (Fabia), Fuhrmann, G. (Gregor), Gabrielsson, S. (Susanne), Gámez-Valero, A. (Ana), Gardiner, C. (Chris), Gärtner, K. (Kathrin), Gaudin, R. (Raphael), Gho, Y.S. (Yong Song), Giebel, B. (B.), Gilbert, C. (Caroline), Gimona, M. (Mario), Giusti, I. (Ilaria), Goberdhan, D.C.I. (Deborah CI), Görgens, A. (André), Gorski, S.M. (Sharon M), Greening, D.W. (David W.), Gross, J.C. (Julia Christina), Gualerzi, A. (Alice), Gupta, G.N. (Gopal N), Gustafson, D. (Dakota), Handberg, A. (Aase), Haraszti, R.A. (Reka A), Harrison, P. (Paul), Hegyesi, H. (Hargita), Hendrix, A. (An), Hill, A.F. (Andrew F), Hochberg, F.H. (Fred H), Hoffmann, K.F. (Karl F), Holder, B. (Beth), Holthofer, H. (Harry), Hosseinkhani, B. (Baharak), Hu, G. (Guoku), Huang, Y. (Yiyao), Huber, V. (Veronica), Hunt, S. (Stuart), Ibrahim, A.G.-E. (Ahmed Gamal-Eldin), Ikezu, T. (Tsuneya), Inal, J.M. (Jameel), Isin, M. (Mustafa), Ivanova, A. (Alena), Jackson, H.K. (Hannah K), Jacobsen, S. (Soren), Jay, S.M. (Steven M), Jayachandran, M. (Muthuvel), Jenster, G.W. (Guido), Jiang, L. (Lanzhou), Johnson, S.M. (Suzanne M), Jones, J.C. (Jennifer C), Jong, A. (Ambrose), Jovanovic-Talisman, T. (Tijana), Jung, S. (Stephanie), Kalluri, R. (Raghu), Kano, S.-I. (Shin-ichi), Kaur, S. (Sukhbir), Kawamura, Y. (Yumi), Keller, E.T. (Evan T), Khamari, D. (Delaram), Khomyakova, E. (Elena), Khvorova, A. (Anastasia), Kierulf, P. (Peter), Kim, K.P. (Kwang Pyo), Kislinger, T. (Thomas), Klingeborn, M. (Mikael), Klinke, D.J. (David J), Kornek, M. (Miroslaw), Kosanović, M.M. (Maja M), Kovács, Á.F. (Árpád Ferenc), Krämer-Albers, E.-M. (Eva-Maria), Krasemann, S. (Susanne), Krause, M. (Mirja), Kurochkin, I.V. (Igor V), Kusuma, G.D. (Gina D), Kuypers, S. (Sören), Laitinen, S. (Saara), Langevin, S.M. (Scott M), Languino, L.R. (Lucia R), Lannigan, J. (Joanne), Lässer, C. (Cecilia), Laurent, L.C. (Louise C), Lavieu, G. (Gregory), Lázaro-Ibáñez, E. (Elisa), Le Lay, S. (Soazig), Lee, M.-S. (Myung-Shin), Lee, Y.X.F. (Yi Xin Fiona), Lemos, D.S. (Debora S), Lenassi, M. (Metka), Leszczynska, A. (Aleksandra), Li, I.T.S. (Isaac TS), Liao, K. (Ke), Libregts, S.F. (Sten), Ligeti, E. (Erzsebet), Lim, R. (Rebecca), Lim, S.K. (Sai Kiang), Linē, A. (Aija), Linnemannstöns, K. (Karen), Llorente, A. (Alicia), Lombard, C.A. (Catherine A), Lorenowicz, M.J. (Magdalena J), Lörincz, Á.M. (Ákos M), Lötvall, J. (Jan), Lovett, J. (Jason), Lowry, M.C. (Michelle C), Loyer, X. (Xavier), Lu, Q. (Quan), Lukomska, B. (Barbara), Lunavat, T.R. (Taral R), Maas, S.L.N. (Sybren), Malhi, H. (Harmeet), Marcilla, A. (Antonio), Mariani, J. (Jacopo), Mariscal, J. (Javier), Martens-Uzunova, E.S. (Elena), Martin-Jaular, L. (Lorena), Martinez, M.C. (M Carmen), Martins, V.R. (Vilma Regina), Mathieu, M. (Mathilde), Mathivanan, S. (Suresh), Maugeri, M. (Marco), McGinnis, L.K. (Lynda K), McVey, M.J. (Mark J), Meckes, D.G. (David G), Meehan, K.L. (Katie L), Mertens, I. (Inge), Minciacchi, V.R. (Valentina R), Möller, A. (Andreas), Møller Jørgensen, M. (Malene), Morales-Kastresana, A. (Aizea), Morhayim, J. (Jess), Mullier, F. (Francois), Muraca, M. (Maurizio), Musante, L. (Luca), Mussack, V. (Veronika), Muth, D.C. (Dillon C), Myburgh, K.H. (Kathryn H), Najrana, T. (Tanbir), Nawaz, M. (Muhammad), Nazarenko, I. (Irina), Nejsum, P. (Peter), Neri, C. (Christian), Neri, T. (Tommaso), Nieuwland, C.C.M. (Carolien) van, Nimrichter, L. (Leonardo), Nolan, J.P. (John P), Nolte-’t Hoen, E.N.M. (Esther NM), Hooten, N.N. (Nicole Noren), O’Driscoll, L. (Lorraine), O’Grady, T. (Tina), O’Loghlen, A. (Ana), Ochiya, T. (Takahiro), Olivier, M. (Martin), Ortiz, A. (Alberto), Ortiz, L.A. (Luis A), Osteikoetxea, X. (Xabier), Ostegaard, O. (Ole), Ostrowski, M. (Matias), Park, J. (Jaesung), Pegtel, D.M. (D. Michiel), Peinado, H. (Hector), Perut, F. (Francesca), Pfaffl, M.W. (Michael W), Phinney, D.G. (Donald G), Pieters, B.C.H. (Bartijn CH), Pink, R.C. (Ryan C), Pisetsky, D.S. (David S), Pogge von Strandmann, E. (Elke), Polakovicova, I. (Iva), Poon, I.K.H. (Ivan KH), Powell, B.H. (Bonita H), Prada, I. (Ilaria), Pulliam, L. (Lynn), Quesenberry, P. (Peter), Radeghieri, A. (Annalisa), Raffai, R.L. (Robert L), Raimondo, S. (Stefania), Rak, J. (Janusz), Ramirez, M.I. (Marcel I.), Raposo, L. (Luís), Rayyan, M.S. (Morsi S), Regev-Rudzki, N. (Neta), Ricklefs, F.L. (Franz L), Robbins, P.D. (Paul D), Roberts, D.D. (David D), Rodrigues, S.C. (Silvia C), Rohde, E. (Eva), Rome, S. (Sophie), Rouschop, K.M.A. (Kasper MA), Rughetti, A. (Aurelia), Russell, A.E. (Ashley E), Saá, P. (Paula), Sahoo, S. (Susmita), Salas-Huenuleo, E. (Edison), Sánchez, C. (Catherine), Saugstad, J.A. (Julie A), Saul, M.J. (Meike J), Schiffelers, R.M. (Raymond), Schneider, R. (Raphael), Schøyen, T.H. (Tine Hiorth), Scott, A. (Aaron), Shahaj, E. (Eriomina), Sharma, S. (Shivani), Shatnyeva, O. (Olga), Shekari, F. (Faezeh), Shelke, G.V. (Ganesh Vilas), Shetty, A.K. (Ashok K), Shiba, K. (Kiyotaka), Siljander, P. (Pia), Silva, A.M. (Andreia M), Skowronek, A. (Agata), Snyder, O.L. (Orman L), Soares, R.P. (Rodrigo Pedro), Sódar, B.W. (Barbara W), Soekmadji, C. (Carolina), Sotillo, J. (Javier), Stahl, P.D. (Philip D), Stoorvogel, W. (Willem), Stott, S.L. (Shannon L), Strasser, E.F. (Erwin F), Swift, S. (Simon), Tahara, H. (Hidetoshi), Tewari, M. (Muneesh), Timms, K. (Kate), Tiwari, S. (Swasti), Tixeira, R. (Rochelle), Tkach, M. (Mercedes), Toh, W.S. (Wei Seong), Tomasini, R. (Richard), Torrecilhas, A.C. (Ana Claudia), Tosar, J.P. (Juan Pablo), Toxavidis, V. (Vasilis), Urbanelli, L. (Lorena), Vader, P. (Pieter), Balkom, B.W.M. (Bas) van, van der Grein, S.G. (Susanne G), Van Deun, J. (Jan), van Herwijnen, M.J.C. (Martijn JC), Van Keuren-Jensen, K. (Kendall), van Niel, G. (Guillaume), Royen, M.E. (Martin), van Wijnen, A.J. (Andre J), Vasconcelos, M.H. (M Helena), Vechetti, I.J. (Ivan J), Veit, T.D. (Tiago D), Vella, L.J. (Laura J.), Velot, É. (Émilie), Verweij, F.J. (Frederik J), Vestad, B. (Beate), Viñas, J.L. (Jose L), Visnovitz, T. (Tamás), Vukman, K.V. (Krisztina V), Wahlgren, J. (Jessica), Watson, D.C. (Dionysios C), Wauben, M.H.M. (Marca), Weaver, A. (Alissa), Webber, J.P. (Jason P), Weber, V. (Viktoria), Wehman, A.M. (Ann M), Weiss, D.J. (Daniel J), Welsh, J.A. (Joshua A), Wendt, S. (Sebastian), Wheelock, A.M. (Asa M), Wiener, Z. (Zoltán), Witte, L. (Leonie), Wolfram, J. (Joy), Xagorari, A. (Angeliki), Xander, P. (Patricia), Xu, J. (Jing), Yan, X. (Xiaomei), Yáñez-Mó, M. (María), Yin, H. (Hang), Yuana, Y., Zappulli, V. (Valentina), Zarubova, J. (Jana), Žėkas, V. (Vytautas), Zhang, J.-Y. (Jian-ye), Zhao, Z. (Zezhou), Zheng, L. (Lei), Zheutlin, A.R. (Alexander R), Zickler, A.M. (Antje M), Zimmermann, P. (Pascale), Zivkovic, A.M. (Angela M), Zocco, D. (Davide), and Zuba-Surma, E.K. (Ewa K)

Abstract

The last decade has seen a sharp increase in the number of scientific publications describing physiological and pathological functions of extracellular vesicles (EVs), a collective term covering various subtypes of cell-released, membranous structures, called exosomes, microvesicles, microparticles, ectosomes, oncosomes, apoptotic bodies, and many other names. However, specific issues arise when working with these entities, whose size and amount often make the

Published
2019
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34. Variability of orographic enhancement of precipitation in the Alpine region

Author

Napoli, A, Crespi, A, Ragone, F, Maugeri, M, Pasquero, C, Napoli, A, Crespi, A, Ragone, F, Maugeri, M, and Pasquero, C

Abstract

Climate change impacts are non uniformly distributed over the globe. Mountains have a peculiar response to large scale variations, documented by elevation gradients of surface temperature increase observed over many mountain ranges in the last decades. Significant changes of precipitation are expected in the changing climate and orographic effects are important in determining the amount of rainfall at a given location. It thus becomes particularly important to understand how orographic precipitation responds to global warming and to anthropogenic forcing. Here, using a large rain gauge dataset over the European Alpine region, we show that the distribution of annual precipitation among the lowlands and the mountains has varied over time, with an increase of the precipitation at the high elevations compared to the low elevations starting in the mid 20 century and peaking in the 1980s. The simultaneous increase and peak of anthropogenic aerosol load is discussed as a possible source for this interdecadal change. These results provide new insights to further our understanding and improve predictions of anthropic effects on mountain precipitations, which are fundamental for water security and management.

Published
2019

35. Towards a more reliable historical reanalysis: Improvements for version 3 of the Twentieth Century Reanalysis system

Author

Slivinski, LC, Compo, GP, Whitaker, JS, Sardeshmukh, PD, Giese, BS, McColl, C, Allan, R, Yin, X, Vose, R, Titchner, H, Kennedy, J, Spencer, LJ, Ashcroft, L, Bronnimann, S, Brunet, M, Camuffo, D, Cornes, R, Cram, TA, Crouthamel, R, Dominguez-Castro, F, Freeman, JE, Gergis, J, Hawkins, E, Jones, PD, Jourdain, S, Kaplan, A, Kubota, H, Le Blancq, F, Lee, T-C, Lorrey, A, Luterbacher, J, Maugeri, M, Mock, CJ, Moore, GWK, Przybylak, R, Pudmenzky, C, Reason, C, Slonosky, VC, Smith, CA, Tinz, B, Trewin, B, Valente, MA, Wang, XL, Wilkinson, C, Wood, K, Wyszynski, P, Slivinski, LC, Compo, GP, Whitaker, JS, Sardeshmukh, PD, Giese, BS, McColl, C, Allan, R, Yin, X, Vose, R, Titchner, H, Kennedy, J, Spencer, LJ, Ashcroft, L, Bronnimann, S, Brunet, M, Camuffo, D, Cornes, R, Cram, TA, Crouthamel, R, Dominguez-Castro, F, Freeman, JE, Gergis, J, Hawkins, E, Jones, PD, Jourdain, S, Kaplan, A, Kubota, H, Le Blancq, F, Lee, T-C, Lorrey, A, Luterbacher, J, Maugeri, M, Mock, CJ, Moore, GWK, Przybylak, R, Pudmenzky, C, Reason, C, Slonosky, VC, Smith, CA, Tinz, B, Trewin, B, Valente, MA, Wang, XL, Wilkinson, C, Wood, K, and Wyszynski, P

Abstract

Historical reanalyses that span more than a century are needed for a wide range of studies, from understanding large‐scale climate trends to diagnosing the impacts of individual historical extreme weather events. The Twentieth Century Reanalysis (20CR) Project is an effort to fill this need. It is supported by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), the Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRES), and the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), and is facilitated by collaboration with the international Atmospheric Circulation Reconstructions over the Earth initiative. 20CR is the first ensemble of sub‐daily global atmospheric conditions spanning over 100 years. This provides a best estimate of the weather at any given place and time as well as an estimate of its confidence and uncertainty. While extremely useful, version 2c of this dataset (20CRv2c) has several significant issues, including inaccurate estimates of confidence and a global sea level pressure bias in the mid‐19th century. These and other issues can reduce its effectiveness for studies at many spatial and temporal scales. Therefore, the 20CR system underwent a series of developments to generate a significant new version of the reanalysis. The version 3 system (NOAA‐CIRES‐DOE 20CRv3) uses upgraded data assimilation methods including an adaptive inflation algorithm; has a newer, higher‐resolution forecast model that specifies dry air mass; and assimilates a larger set of pressure observations. These changes have improved the ensemble‐based estimates of confidence, removed spin‐up effects in the precipitation fields, and diminished the sea‐level pressure bias. Other improvements include more accurate representations of storm intensity, smaller errors, and large‐scale reductions in model bias. The 20CRv3 system is comprehensively reviewed, focusing on the aspects that have ameliorated issues in 20CRv2c. Despite the many improvements, some challenges remain, including a

Published
2019

36. Unlocking pre-1850 instrumental meteorological records a global inventory

Author

Brönnimann, S., Allan, Rob J., Ashcroft, L., Baer, Saba, Barriendos, Mariano, Brazdil, Rudolf, Brugnara, Yuri, Brunet, Manola, Brunetti, Michele, Chimani, Barbara, Cornes, Richard, Domínguez-Vázquez, Gabriela, Filipiak, Janusz, Founda, Dimitra, Garcia Herrera, Ricardo, Gergis, Joelle, Grab, Stefan, Hannak, Lisa, Huhtamaa, Heli, Jacobsen, Kim S, Jones, Phil, Jourdain, Sylvie, Kiss, Andrea, Lin, Kuanhui Elaine, Lorrey, Andrew, Lundstad, Elin, Luterbacher, J., Mauelshagen, Franz, Maugeri, M, Maughan, N, Moberg, Anders, Neukom, Raphael, Nicholson, Sharon, Noone, Simon, Nordli, Oyvind, Björg Ólafsdóttir, Kristin, Pearce, Petra R, Pfister, Lucas, Pribyl, Kathleen, Przybylak, Rajmund, Pudmenzky, Christa, Rasol, Dubravka, Reichenbach, Delia, Řezníčková, Ladislava, Rodrigo, Fernando S, Rohr, Christian, Skrynyk, Oleg, Slonosky, Victoria, Thorne, Peter, Valente, Maria Antonia, Vaquero, Jose M, Westcott, Nancy E, Williamson, Fiona, Wyszyński, Przemysław, Brönnimann, S., Allan, Rob J., Ashcroft, L., Baer, Saba, Barriendos, Mariano, Brazdil, Rudolf, Brugnara, Yuri, Brunet, Manola, Brunetti, Michele, Chimani, Barbara, Cornes, Richard, Domínguez-Vázquez, Gabriela, Filipiak, Janusz, Founda, Dimitra, Garcia Herrera, Ricardo, Gergis, Joelle, Grab, Stefan, Hannak, Lisa, Huhtamaa, Heli, Jacobsen, Kim S, Jones, Phil, Jourdain, Sylvie, Kiss, Andrea, Lin, Kuanhui Elaine, Lorrey, Andrew, Lundstad, Elin, Luterbacher, J., Mauelshagen, Franz, Maugeri, M, Maughan, N, Moberg, Anders, Neukom, Raphael, Nicholson, Sharon, Noone, Simon, Nordli, Oyvind, Björg Ólafsdóttir, Kristin, Pearce, Petra R, Pfister, Lucas, Pribyl, Kathleen, Przybylak, Rajmund, Pudmenzky, Christa, Rasol, Dubravka, Reichenbach, Delia, Řezníčková, Ladislava, Rodrigo, Fernando S, Rohr, Christian, Skrynyk, Oleg, Slonosky, Victoria, Thorne, Peter, Valente, Maria Antonia, Vaquero, Jose M, Westcott, Nancy E, Williamson, Fiona, and Wyszyński, Przemysław

Abstract

The abstract is included in the text.

Published
2019

37. Towards a more reliable historical reanalysis: Improvements for version 3 of the Twentieth Century Reanalysis system

Author

Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Slivinski L, Compo G, Whitaker J, Sardeshmukh P, Giese B, McColl C, Allan R, Yin X, Vose R, Titchner H, Kennedy J, Spencer L, Ashcroft L, Brönnimann S, Brunet M, Camuffo D, Cornes R, Cram T, Crouthamel R, Domínguez-Castro F, Freeman J, Gergis J, Hawkins E, Jones P, Jourdain S, Kaplan A, Kubota H, Blancq F, Lee T, Lorrey A, Luterbacher J, Maugeri M, Mock C, Moore G, Przybylak R, Pudmenzky C, Reason C, Slonosky V, Smith C, Tinz B, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, and Slivinski L, Compo G, Whitaker J, Sardeshmukh P, Giese B, McColl C, Allan R, Yin X, Vose R, Titchner H, Kennedy J, Spencer L, Ashcroft L, Brönnimann S, Brunet M, Camuffo D, Cornes R, Cram T, Crouthamel R, Domínguez-Castro F, Freeman J, Gergis J, Hawkins E, Jones P, Jourdain S, Kaplan A, Kubota H, Blancq F, Lee T, Lorrey A, Luterbacher J, Maugeri M, Mock C, Moore G, Przybylak R, Pudmenzky C, Reason C, Slonosky V, Smith C, Tinz B

Published
2019

38. Comparing tree-ring and pollen climate reconstructions in a central region of the Italian Alps

Author

Maggi V., Leonelli G., Vallé F., Brunetti M., Maugeri M., Pini R., and Ravazzi C.

Subjects
tree rings, northern Italy, pollen, climate reconstructions
Abstract

When approaching multi-proxy climate reconstructions, the selection of appropriate climate-sensitive records is a crucial step for assessing past climate variability. Both tree-ring and pollen-stratigraphical records have their own time resolution and they typically cover different time lengths. Tree rings allow annually-resolved reconstructions, however dendrochronological records rarely exceed 4-5k years and only few records cover the whole Holocene, whereas pollen records show variable time resolutions but go much further back in time. When comparing the variability of these two proxies it is therefore necessary to select a common period and to adjust the annually-resolved resolution of tree rings records to the generally lower and variable resolution of the pollen ones. A first comparison between two quantitative summer temperature reconstructions derived from tree-ring and a high-resolution pollen record (~9 years for the last 200 years) was performed in the central region of the Italian Alps. An area of approximately 150 km of diameter was selected, comprising the pollen-stratigraphical record of Lake Lavarone (Trento), base for the quantitative pollen-inferred reconstructions, and tree-ring series of European larch (Larix decidua Mill.), Swiss stone pine (Pinus cembra L.) and Norway spruce (Picea abies Karst.) from 42 sites located in five mountain groups: the Silvretta Group (Switzerland), the Ötztaler-Venoste Alps (Austria, Italy), the Bernina Group (Switzerland, Italy), the Ortles-Cevedale Group (Italy) and the Adamello-Presanella Group (Italy). Both the tree-ring and the pollen-based reconstructions were previously calibrated using the modeled site-specific instrumental temperatures from an improved version of the dataset of Brunetti et al. (2006). The two independent summer temperature reconstructions, after adapting the tree-ring series to the varying time resolution of the pollen series, showed a correlation of +0.77 over the common period 1803-2003, thus opening the possibility of performing integrated multi-proxy climate reconstructions including more sites from the whole arch of the Italian Alps. Currently, the comparisons are being developed including tree-ring records from the whole Alpine arch and the pollen-stratigraphical records available in northern Italy, that could cover the last 200 years, or part of this interval, and have a good time resolution.

Published
2018

39. 1961-1990 high-resolution monthly precipitation climatologies for Italy

Author

Crespi A., Brunetti M., Lentini G., and Maugeri M.

Subjects
Italy, climatology, precipitation, interpolation
Abstract

High-resolution monthly precipitation climatologies for Italy are presented. They are based on 1961-1990 precipitation normals obtained from a quality-controlled dataset of 6134 stations covering the Italian territory and part of the Northern neighbouring regions. The climatologies are computed by means of two interpolation methods modelling the precipitation-elevation relationship at a local level, more precisely a local weighted linear regression (LWLR) and a local regression kriging (RK) are performed. For both methods, local optimisations are also applied in order to improve model performance. Model results are compared with those provided by two other widely used interpolation methods which do not consider elevation in modelling precipitation distribution: ordinary kriging and inverse distance weighting. Even though all the four models produce quite reasonable results, LWLR and RK show the best agreement with the observed station normals and leave-one-out-estimated mean absolute errors ranging from 5.1mm (July) to 11mm (November) for both models. Their better performances are even clearer when specific clusters of stations (e.g. high-elevation sites) are considered. Even though LWLR and RK provide very similar results both at station and at grid point level, they show some peculiar features. In particular, LWLR is found to have a better extrapolation ability at high-elevation sites when data density is high enough, while RK is more robust in performing extrapolation over areas with complex orography and scarce data coverage, where LWLR may provide unrealistic precipitation values. However, by means of prediction intervals, LWLR provides a more straightforward approach to quantify the model uncertainty at any point of the study domain, which helps to identify the areas mainly affected by model instability. LWLR and RK high-resolution climatologies exhibit a very heterogeneous and seasonal-dependent precipitation distribution throughout the domain and allow to identify the main climatic zones of Italy.

Published
2018
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40. Minimal information for studies of extracellular vesicles 2018 (MISEV2018): a position statement of the International Society for Extracellular Vesicles and update of the MISEV2014 guidelines

Author

Thery, C, Witwer, KW, Aikawa, E, Jose Alcaraz, M, Anderson, JD, Andriantsitohaina, R, Antoniou, A, Arab, T, Archer, F, Atkin-Smith, GK, Ayre, DC, Bach, J-M, Bachurski, D, Baharvand, H, Balaj, L, Baldacchino, S, Bauer, NN, Baxter, AA, Bebawy, M, Beckham, C, Zavec, AB, Benmoussa, A, Berardi, AC, Bergese, P, Bielska, E, Blenkiron, C, Bobis-Wozowicz, S, Boilard, E, Boireau, W, Bongiovanni, A, Borras, FE, Bosch, S, Boulanger, CM, Breakefield, X, Breglio, AM, Brennan, MA, Brigstock, DR, Brisson, A, Broekman, MLD, Bromberg, JF, Bryl-Gorecka, P, Buch, S, Buck, AH, Burger, D, Busatto, S, Buschmann, D, Bussolati, B, Buzas, E, Byrd, JB, Camussi, G, Carter, DRF, Caruso, S, Chamley, LW, Chang, Y-T, Chen, C, Chen, S, Cheng, L, Chin, AR, Clayton, A, Clerici, SP, Cocks, A, Cocucci, E, Coffey, RJ, Cordeiro-da-Silva, A, Couch, Y, Coumans, FAW, Coyle, B, Crescitelli, R, Criado, MF, D'Souza-Schorey, C, Das, S, Chaudhuri, AD, de Candia, P, De Santana Junior, EF, De Wever, O, del Portillo, HA, Demaret, T, Deville, S, Devitt, A, Dhondt, B, Di Vizio, D, Dieterich, LC, Dolo, V, Dominguez Rubio, AP, Dominici, M, Dourado, MR, Driedonks, TAP, Duarte, F, Duncan, HM, Eichenberger, RM, Ekstrom, K, Andaloussi, SEL, Elie-Caille, C, Erdbrugger, U, Falcon-Perez, JM, Fatima, F, Fish, JE, Flores-Bellver, M, Forsonits, A, Frelet-Barrand, A, Fricke, F, Fuhrmann, G, Gabrielsson, S, Gamez-Valero, A, Gardiner, C, Gaertner, K, Gaudin, R, Gho, YS, Giebel, B, Gilbert, C, Gimona, M, Giusti, I, Goberdhan, DC, Goergens, A, Gorski, SM, Greening, DW, Gross, JC, Gualerzi, A, Gupta, GN, Gustafson, D, Handberg, A, Haraszti, RA, Harrison, P, Hegyesi, H, Hendrix, A, Hill, AF, Hochberg, FH, Hoffmann, KF, Holder, B, Holthofer, H, Hosseinkhani, B, Hu, G, Huang, Y, Huber, V, Hunt, S, Ibrahim, AG-E, Ikezu, T, Inal, JM, Isin, M, Ivanova, A, Jackson, HK, Jacobsen, S, Jay, SM, Jayachandran, M, Jenster, G, Jiang, L, Johnson, SM, Jones, JC, Jong, A, Jovanovic-Talisman, T, Jung, S, Kalluri, R, Kano, S-I, Kaur, S, Kawamura, Y, Keller, ET, Khamari, D, Khomyakova, E, Khvorova, A, Kierulf, P, Kim, KP, Kislinger, T, Klingeborn, M, Klinke, DJ, Kornek, M, Kosanovic, MM, Kovacs, AF, Kraemer-Albers, E-M, Krasemann, S, Krause, M, Kurochkin, I, Kusuma, GD, Kuypers, S, Laitinen, S, Langevin, SM, Languino, LR, Lannigan, J, Lasser, C, Laurent, LC, Lavieu, G, Lazaro-Ibanez, E, Le Lay, S, Lee, M-S, Lee, YXF, Lemos, DS, Lenassi, M, Leszczynska, A, Li, ITS, Liao, K, Libregts, SF, Ligeti, E, Lim, R, Lim, SK, Line, A, Linnemannstoens, K, Llorente, A, Lombard, CA, Lorenowicz, MJ, Lorincz, AM, Lotvall, J, Lovett, J, Lowry, MC, Loyer, X, Lu, Q, Lukomska, B, Lunavat, TR, Maas, SLN, Malhi, H, Marcilla, A, Mariani, J, Mariscal, J, Martens-Uzunova, ES, Martin-Jaular, L, Martinez, MC, Martins, VR, Mathieu, M, Mathivanan, S, Maugeri, M, McGinnis, LK, McVey, MJ, Meckes, DG, Meehan, KL, Mertens, I, Minciacchi, VR, Moller, A, Jorgensen, MM, Morales-Kastresana, A, Morhayim, J, Mullier, F, Muraca, M, Musante, L, Mussack, V, Muth, DC, Myburgh, KH, Najrana, T, Nawaz, M, Nazarenko, I, Nejsum, P, Neri, C, Neri, T, Nieuwland, R, Nimrichter, L, Nolan, JP, Nolte-'t Hoen, ENM, Noren Hooten, N, O'Driscoll, L, O'Grady, T, O'Loghlen, A, Ochiya, T, Olivier, M, Ortiz, A, Ortiz, LA, Osteikoetxea, X, Ostegaard, O, Ostrowski, M, Park, J, Pegtel, DM, Peinado, H, Perut, F, Pfaffl, MW, Phinney, DG, Pieters, BCH, Pink, RC, Pisetsky, DS, von Strandmann, EP, Polakovicova, I, Poon, IKH, Powell, BH, Prada, I, Pulliam, L, Quesenberry, P, Radeghieri, A, Raffai, RL, Raimondo, S, Rak, J, Ramirez, M, Raposo, G, Rayyan, MS, Regev-Rudzki, N, Ricklefs, FL, Robbins, PD, Roberts, DD, Rodrigues, SC, Rohde, E, Rome, S, Rouschop, KMA, Rughetti, A, Russell, AE, Saa, P, Sahoo, S, Salas-Huenuleo, E, Sanchez, C, Saugstad, JA, Saul, MJ, Schiffelers, RM, Schneider, R, Schoyen, TH, Scott, A, Shahaj, E, Sharma, S, Shatnyeva, O, Shekari, F, Shelke, GV, Shetty, AK, Shiba, K, Siljander, PR-M, Silva, AM, Skowronek, A, Snyder, OL, Soares, RP, Sodar, BW, Soekmadji, C, Sotillo, J, Stahl, PD, Stoorvogel, W, Stott, SL, Strasser, EF, Swift, S, Tahara, H, Tewari, M, Timms, K, Tiwari, S, Tixeira, R, Tkach, M, Toh, WS, Tomasini, R, Torrecilhas, AC, Pablo Tosar, J, Toxavidis, V, Urbanelli, L, Vader, P, van Balkom, BWM, van der Grein, SG, Van Deun, J, van Herwijnen, MJC, Van Keuren-Jensen, K, van Niel, G, van Royen, ME, van Wijnen, AJ, Helena Vasconcelos, M, Vechetti, IJ, Veit, TD, Vella, LJ, Velot, E, Verweij, FJ, Vestad, B, Vinas, JL, Visnovitz, T, Vukman, KV, Wahlgren, J, Watson, DC, Wauben, MHM, Weaver, A, Webber, JP, Weber, V, Wehman, AM, Weiss, DJ, Welsh, JA, Wendt, S, Wheelock, AM, Wiener, Z, Witte, L, Wolfram, J, Xagorari, A, Xander, P, Xu, J, Yan, X, Yanez-Mo, M, Yin, H, Yuana, Y, Zappulli, V, Zarubova, J, Zekas, V, Zhang, J-Y, Zhao, Z, Zheng, L, Zheutlin, AR, Zickler, AM, Zimmermann, P, Zivkovic, AM, Zocco, D, Zuba-Surma, EK, Thery, C, Witwer, KW, Aikawa, E, Jose Alcaraz, M, Anderson, JD, Andriantsitohaina, R, Antoniou, A, Arab, T, Archer, F, Atkin-Smith, GK, Ayre, DC, Bach, J-M, Bachurski, D, Baharvand, H, Balaj, L, Baldacchino, S, Bauer, NN, Baxter, AA, Bebawy, M, Beckham, C, Zavec, AB, Benmoussa, A, Berardi, AC, Bergese, P, Bielska, E, Blenkiron, C, Bobis-Wozowicz, S, Boilard, E, Boireau, W, Bongiovanni, A, Borras, FE, Bosch, S, Boulanger, CM, Breakefield, X, Breglio, AM, Brennan, MA, Brigstock, DR, Brisson, A, Broekman, MLD, Bromberg, JF, Bryl-Gorecka, P, Buch, S, Buck, AH, Burger, D, Busatto, S, Buschmann, D, Bussolati, B, Buzas, E, Byrd, JB, Camussi, G, Carter, DRF, Caruso, S, Chamley, LW, Chang, Y-T, Chen, C, Chen, S, Cheng, L, Chin, AR, Clayton, A, Clerici, SP, Cocks, A, Cocucci, E, Coffey, RJ, Cordeiro-da-Silva, A, Couch, Y, Coumans, FAW, Coyle, B, Crescitelli, R, Criado, MF, D'Souza-Schorey, C, Das, S, Chaudhuri, AD, de Candia, P, De Santana Junior, EF, De Wever, O, del Portillo, HA, Demaret, T, Deville, S, Devitt, A, Dhondt, B, Di Vizio, D, Dieterich, LC, Dolo, V, Dominguez Rubio, AP, Dominici, M, Dourado, MR, Driedonks, TAP, Duarte, F, Duncan, HM, Eichenberger, RM, Ekstrom, K, Andaloussi, SEL, Elie-Caille, C, Erdbrugger, U, Falcon-Perez, JM, Fatima, F, Fish, JE, Flores-Bellver, M, Forsonits, A, Frelet-Barrand, A, Fricke, F, Fuhrmann, G, Gabrielsson, S, Gamez-Valero, A, Gardiner, C, Gaertner, K, Gaudin, R, Gho, YS, Giebel, B, Gilbert, C, Gimona, M, Giusti, I, Goberdhan, DC, Goergens, A, Gorski, SM, Greening, DW, Gross, JC, Gualerzi, A, Gupta, GN, Gustafson, D, Handberg, A, Haraszti, RA, Harrison, P, Hegyesi, H, Hendrix, A, Hill, AF, Hochberg, FH, Hoffmann, KF, Holder, B, Holthofer, H, Hosseinkhani, B, Hu, G, Huang, Y, Huber, V, Hunt, S, Ibrahim, AG-E, Ikezu, T, Inal, JM, Isin, M, Ivanova, A, Jackson, HK, Jacobsen, S, Jay, SM, Jayachandran, M, Jenster, G, Jiang, L, Johnson, SM, Jones, JC, Jong, A, Jovanovic-Talisman, T, Jung, S, Kalluri, R, Kano, S-I, Kaur, S, Kawamura, Y, Keller, ET, Khamari, D, Khomyakova, E, Khvorova, A, Kierulf, P, Kim, KP, Kislinger, T, Klingeborn, M, Klinke, DJ, Kornek, M, Kosanovic, MM, Kovacs, AF, Kraemer-Albers, E-M, Krasemann, S, Krause, M, Kurochkin, I, Kusuma, GD, Kuypers, S, Laitinen, S, Langevin, SM, Languino, LR, Lannigan, J, Lasser, C, Laurent, LC, Lavieu, G, Lazaro-Ibanez, E, Le Lay, S, Lee, M-S, Lee, YXF, Lemos, DS, Lenassi, M, Leszczynska, A, Li, ITS, Liao, K, Libregts, SF, Ligeti, E, Lim, R, Lim, SK, Line, A, Linnemannstoens, K, Llorente, A, Lombard, CA, Lorenowicz, MJ, Lorincz, AM, Lotvall, J, Lovett, J, Lowry, MC, Loyer, X, Lu, Q, Lukomska, B, Lunavat, TR, Maas, SLN, Malhi, H, Marcilla, A, Mariani, J, Mariscal, J, Martens-Uzunova, ES, Martin-Jaular, L, Martinez, MC, Martins, VR, Mathieu, M, Mathivanan, S, Maugeri, M, McGinnis, LK, McVey, MJ, Meckes, DG, Meehan, KL, Mertens, I, Minciacchi, VR, Moller, A, Jorgensen, MM, Morales-Kastresana, A, Morhayim, J, Mullier, F, Muraca, M, Musante, L, Mussack, V, Muth, DC, Myburgh, KH, Najrana, T, Nawaz, M, Nazarenko, I, Nejsum, P, Neri, C, Neri, T, Nieuwland, R, Nimrichter, L, Nolan, JP, Nolte-'t Hoen, ENM, Noren Hooten, N, O'Driscoll, L, O'Grady, T, O'Loghlen, A, Ochiya, T, Olivier, M, Ortiz, A, Ortiz, LA, Osteikoetxea, X, Ostegaard, O, Ostrowski, M, Park, J, Pegtel, DM, Peinado, H, Perut, F, Pfaffl, MW, Phinney, DG, Pieters, BCH, Pink, RC, Pisetsky, DS, von Strandmann, EP, Polakovicova, I, Poon, IKH, Powell, BH, Prada, I, Pulliam, L, Quesenberry, P, Radeghieri, A, Raffai, RL, Raimondo, S, Rak, J, Ramirez, M, Raposo, G, Rayyan, MS, Regev-Rudzki, N, Ricklefs, FL, Robbins, PD, Roberts, DD, Rodrigues, SC, Rohde, E, Rome, S, Rouschop, KMA, Rughetti, A, Russell, AE, Saa, P, Sahoo, S, Salas-Huenuleo, E, Sanchez, C, Saugstad, JA, Saul, MJ, Schiffelers, RM, Schneider, R, Schoyen, TH, Scott, A, Shahaj, E, Sharma, S, Shatnyeva, O, Shekari, F, Shelke, GV, Shetty, AK, Shiba, K, Siljander, PR-M, Silva, AM, Skowronek, A, Snyder, OL, Soares, RP, Sodar, BW, Soekmadji, C, Sotillo, J, Stahl, PD, Stoorvogel, W, Stott, SL, Strasser, EF, Swift, S, Tahara, H, Tewari, M, Timms, K, Tiwari, S, Tixeira, R, Tkach, M, Toh, WS, Tomasini, R, Torrecilhas, AC, Pablo Tosar, J, Toxavidis, V, Urbanelli, L, Vader, P, van Balkom, BWM, van der Grein, SG, Van Deun, J, van Herwijnen, MJC, Van Keuren-Jensen, K, van Niel, G, van Royen, ME, van Wijnen, AJ, Helena Vasconcelos, M, Vechetti, IJ, Veit, TD, Vella, LJ, Velot, E, Verweij, FJ, Vestad, B, Vinas, JL, Visnovitz, T, Vukman, KV, Wahlgren, J, Watson, DC, Wauben, MHM, Weaver, A, Webber, JP, Weber, V, Wehman, AM, Weiss, DJ, Welsh, JA, Wendt, S, Wheelock, AM, Wiener, Z, Witte, L, Wolfram, J, Xagorari, A, Xander, P, Xu, J, Yan, X, Yanez-Mo, M, Yin, H, Yuana, Y, Zappulli, V, Zarubova, J, Zekas, V, Zhang, J-Y, Zhao, Z, Zheng, L, Zheutlin, AR, Zickler, AM, Zimmermann, P, Zivkovic, AM, Zocco, D, and Zuba-Surma, EK

Abstract

The last decade has seen a sharp increase in the number of scientific publications describing physiological and pathological functions of extracellular vesicles (EVs), a collective term covering various subtypes of cell-released, membranous structures, called exosomes, microvesicles, microparticles, ectosomes, oncosomes, apoptotic bodies, and many other names. However, specific issues arise when working with these entities, whose size and amount often make them difficult to obtain as relatively pure preparations, and to characterize properly. The International Society for Extracellular Vesicles (ISEV) proposed Minimal Information for Studies of Extracellular Vesicles ("MISEV") guidelines for the field in 2014. We now update these "MISEV2014" guidelines based on evolution of the collective knowledge in the last four years. An important point to consider is that ascribing a specific function to EVs in general, or to subtypes of EVs, requires reporting of specific information beyond mere description of function in a crude, potentially contaminated, and heterogeneous preparation. For example, claims that exosomes are endowed with exquisite and specific activities remain difficult to support experimentally, given our still limited knowledge of their specific molecular machineries of biogenesis and release, as compared with other biophysically similar EVs. The MISEV2018 guidelines include tables and outlines of suggested protocols and steps to follow to document specific EV-associated functional activities. Finally, a checklist is provided with summaries of key points.

Published
2018

41. Abstracts of presentations on plant protection issues at the xth international congress of virology: August 11-16,1996 Binyanei haOoma, Jerusalem, Israel Part 2 Plenary Lectures

Author

Ramirez, E., Hernádez, A., Ham, E., Barrón, B., Ding, S., Li, W., Shi, B., Symons, R., Li, Q., Ryu, K., Palukaitis, P., Kaplan, I., Gal-On, A., Kunhara, J., Otsubo, T., Tomaru, K., Tsuda, S., Kinta, M., Lin, T., Johnson, J., Porta, C., Taylor, K., Spall, V., Lomonossoff, G., Meiri, E., Raccah, B., Gaba, V., Ikegami, M., Kawashima, H., Murayama, A., Natsuaki, T., Kageyama, Y., Sugimura, N., Thole, V., Bol, J., Deiman, B., Koenen, A., Pleij, C., Chaleeprom, W., Bateson, M., Dale, J., Badge, J., Foster, G., Brunt, A., Robinson, D., Schubert, J., Rabenstein, F., Merits, A., Yeh, Shyi-Dong, Chiang, Chu-Hui, Wang, Ching-Hsien, Golshani, A., Ivanov, I., AbouHaidar, M., Rodoni, B., Harding, R., Oertel, U., Fuchs, E., Yang, S., Revere, F., Walter, J., Le Gall, O., Dunez, J., Candresse, T., Lot, H., Souche, S., Kasschau, Kristin, Carrington, James, Chiang, A., Turner, N., Hwang, D., Chachulska, A., Zagórski, W., Robaglia, C., Chrzanowska, M., Truve, E., Tamm, T., Saarma, M., Makinen, K., Wang, Aiming, Carrier, Karma, Wieczorek, Andrew, Huguenot, Claire, Sanfacon, Helene, Wurscher, M., Christensen, F., Prody, G., Sanchez-Navarro, J., Pallas, V., Carson, R., Dagless, E., Lock, S., Turner, R., Adams, M., Antoniw, J., Phillips, S., Kashiwazaki, S., Seal, S., Karamagioli, M., Druka, Amis, Makhdoom, Rahat, Yitang, Yan, Hull, Roger, Kikkert, M., Bodegom, P., Storms, M., van Lent, J., Kormelink, R., Goldbach, R., De Haan, P., De Rover, A., Van Schepen, A., Gielen, J., Van Grinsven, M., Livneh, O., Vardi, E., Kuznetsova, L., Aliskevicius, E., Stram, Y., Sela, I., Dinant, S., Kusiak, C., Blaise, F., Chupeau, Y., Astier, S., Albouy, J., Clifford, T., Taylor, S., Stratford, R., Xiao, X., Frenkel, M., Chu, P., Tabe, L., Shukla, D., Ward, C., Hwang, Duk-Ju, Turner, Nilgun, Mooney, A., MacFarlane, S., Twell, D., Jacquet, C., Ravelonandro, M., Bachelier, J., Almási, A., Böddi, B., Szigeti, Z., Ekes, M., Gaborianvi, R., Yankulova, Margarita, Ivanova, Lidia, Adam, G., Guelemerov, S., Nikolaeva, Velitchka, Atanassov, A., Prins, Marcel, de Haan, Peter, Goldbach, Rob, Duan, Y., Powell, C., Purcifull, D., Hiebert, E., Levine, B., Faktor, O., Zeituny, Silvy, Edelbaum, Orit, Sela, L., Marano, Maria-Rosa, Ratcliff, Frank, Baulcombe, David, van Oers, Monique, Linthorst, Huub, Bol, John, Schillberg, S., Zimmermann, S., Drossard, J., Schumann, D., Nahring, J., Fischer, R., Lapidot, Moshe, Arce-Johnson, Patricio, Rivera-Bustamante, Rafael, Beachy, Roger, Cassidy, Brandt, Flasinski, Stanislaw, Hajimorad, M., Wesley, Varsha, Angel-Diaz, J., Mayo, M., Hafner, G., May, G., Becker, D., Arntzen, C., Porter, J., Hellwald, K., Banerjee, N., Zaitlin, M., Wolf, D., Faure, J., Pilowsky, M., Cohen, S., Zelcer, A., Hardi, V., Tomassoli, L., Kaniewski, W., Mitsky, T., Barba, M., Hou, Y., Ursin, V., Sanders, R., Gilbertson, R., Gruden, Kristina, Štrukelj, Borut, Brzin, Joze, Ravnikar, Maja, Maganja, Darja, Kregar, Igor, Maki-Valkama, T., Pehu, T., Valkonen, J., Lento, K., Pehu, E., Lawson, E., Feldman, J., Zalewski, J., Kuittinen, T., Atiri, G., Romero, A., Arroyo, R., Soto, M., Martínez-Zapater, J., Ponz, F., Gilardi, P., López, L., García-Luque, I., Serra, M., Pang, Sheng-Zhi, Jan, Fuh-Jyh, Carney, Kim, Tricoli, David, Quemada, Hector, Gonsalves, Dennis, Aboul-Ata, A., Thouvenel, J., Marshall, D., Abo-El-Saad, Sh, Satour, M., Mazithulela, G., Mehlo, L., Gahakwa, D., Leech, M., Boulton, M., Davies, J., Christou, P., Huet, H., Sivamani, E., Ong, C., Chen, L., de Kochko, A., Beachy, R., Fauquet, C., Sithisarn-Burns, P., Maugeri, M., Smith, G., Handley, J., Graichen, K., Peterka, J., Chu, Paul, Larkin, Phil, Higgins, T., Wylie, S., Jones, M., Somsap, V., Loo, H., Li, D., Mathews, A., Dwyer, G., McCarthy, P., Hansen, J., Shiel, P., Zemetra, R., Wyatt, S., Berger, P., Ford, C., Collins, N., Rathjen, J., Shams-Bakhsh, M., Paltridge, N., Makkouk, K., El-Saied, M., El-Hariry, M., Salem, G., Soliman, N., Rishi, Narayan, Lodhi, G., Bishnoi, S., Sangwan, R., Sijen, Titia, Wellink, Joan, van Kammen, Ab, Scorza, R., Callahan, A., Levy, L., Polák, J., Oukropec, I., Kominek, P., Bitoova, M., Cardol, Erwin, Kormelink, Richard, Baulcombe, D., English, J., Davenport, G., Ruiz-Perez, T., Mueller, E., Nigul, L., Kelve, M., Fedorkin, O., Denisenko, O., Zelenina, D., Morozov, S., Atabekov, J., Laliberté, J., Wittmann, S., Plante, Daniel, Fortin, Marc, Chatel, H., Rodriguez-Alvarado, G., Garcia-Arenal, F., Roossinck, M., Gellatly, D., Rasochova, L., Aulik, M., Passmore, B., Falk, B., Miller, W., Lin, Na-Sheng, Lin, Biing-Yuan, Hsu, Yau-Heiu, Tamada, T., Kiguchi, T., Saito, M., Kusume, T., Uchino, H., Taliansky, M., DiSerio, F., Daròs, J., Ragozzino, A., Floras, R., Hohn, Thomas, Chen, Gang, Rothnie, Helen, Corsten, Sandra, Fütterer, Johannes, Mikhailov, M., Bishop, D., Roy, P., Ramirez, E., Hernádez, A., Ham, E., Barrón, B., Ding, S., Li, W., Shi, B., Symons, R., Li, Q., Ryu, K., Palukaitis, P., Kaplan, I., Gal-On, A., Kunhara, J., Otsubo, T., Tomaru, K., Tsuda, S., Kinta, M., Lin, T., Johnson, J., Porta, C., Taylor, K., Spall, V., Lomonossoff, G., Meiri, E., Raccah, B., Gaba, V., Ikegami, M., Kawashima, H., Murayama, A., Natsuaki, T., Kageyama, Y., Sugimura, N., Thole, V., Bol, J., Deiman, B., Koenen, A., Pleij, C., Chaleeprom, W., Bateson, M., Dale, J., Badge, J., Foster, G., Brunt, A., Robinson, D., Schubert, J., Rabenstein, F., Merits, A., Yeh, Shyi-Dong, Chiang, Chu-Hui, Wang, Ching-Hsien, Golshani, A., Ivanov, I., AbouHaidar, M., Rodoni, B., Harding, R., Oertel, U., Fuchs, E., Yang, S., Revere, F., Walter, J., Le Gall, O., Dunez, J., Candresse, T., Lot, H., Souche, S., Kasschau, Kristin, Carrington, James, Chiang, A., Turner, N., Hwang, D., Chachulska, A., Zagórski, W., Robaglia, C., Chrzanowska, M., Truve, E., Tamm, T., Saarma, M., Makinen, K., Wang, Aiming, Carrier, Karma, Wieczorek, Andrew, Huguenot, Claire, Sanfacon, Helene, Wurscher, M., Christensen, F., Prody, G., Sanchez-Navarro, J., Pallas, V., Carson, R., Dagless, E., Lock, S., Turner, R., 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Published
2018

46. Sunshine duration and global radiation trends in Italy (1959-2013): To what extent do they agree?

Author

Manara V., Brunetti M., Maugeri M., Sanchez-Lorenzo A., and Wild M.

Subjects
aerosol, solar radiation, sunshine duration, clear sky, all-sky, atmospheric turbidity
Abstract

Two Italian homogenized datasets of sunshine duration (SD) and global radiation (Eg?) relative anomalies are used to investigate to what extent these two variables agree with respect to their temporal evolution. They are compared for northern and southern Italy over the period 1959-2013. Both under all-sky and clear-sky conditions, the SD records tend to show a shorter and less intense decrease until the 1980s ("global dimming") with respect to the Eg? ones, while there is a better agreement in the subsequent period when both variables increase ("brightening period"). To investigate whether such behavior can be explained by a different sensitivity of SD and Eg? to atmospheric turbidity variations, the observed clear-sky trends are compared to those estimated by a model based both on Lambert-Beer's law and on a simple estimation of diffuse radiation. Results show that most of the differences observed in the trends of the clear-sky SD and Eg? records can be explained considering a reasonable pattern of atmospheric turbidity in the 1959-2013 period. The only exception concerns winter and autumn in northern Italy where clear-sky SD does not decrease in the dimming period as much as it would be expected on the basis of the corresponding increase in atmospheric turbidity. One reason for this discrepancy could be the influence of other variables like relative humidity. This case study highligts that changes in atmospheric tubidity have to be kept in mind when SD is used to investigate the multidecadal evolution of Eg?.

Published
2017
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