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In the last three decades, several interdisciplinary studies investigated the marine ecosystems off the West Antarctic Peninsula (WAP), one of the most impacted areas of the Southern Ocean by the global warming. Although the extent of near-shore habitats along the WAP is wider than elsewhere in Antarctica, the coastal fish communities have been rarely studied. Complementing these previous studies, we provide new data on the species composition, population structure and relative abundance of the inshore fish community living off the Argentine Islands (Bellingshausen Sea). Fish samples were caught all the year round during four different periods spread over ten years (from 2006 to 2017). The fish fauna consisted of fourteen high-Antarctic and low-Antarctic species of notothenioids, most of them belonging to the Nototheniidae. Notothenia coriiceps was by far the most abundant species, followed in decreasing abundance by Chaenocephalus aceratus, Notothenia rossii, Trematomus newnesi and Trematomus bernacchii. Our findings provide context for future ecological studies as this area represents either a spawning and nursery area for multiple species in this study. More generally, the inshore waters off the Argentine Islands represent the southern limit of distribution for several low-Antarctic species, and our results provide critical baseline data for assessing possible disruptions in population dynamics driven by the ongoing climate change.

Granulocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells (G-MDSCs) promote tumor growth and immunosuppression in multiple myeloma (MM). However, their phenotype is not well established for accurate monitoring or clinical translation. We aimed to provide the phenotypic profile of G-MDSCs based on their prognostic significance in MM, immunosuppressive potential, and molecular program. The preestablished phenotype of G-MDSCs was evaluated in bone marrow samples from controls and MM patients using multidimensional flow cytometry; surprisingly, we found that CD11b+CD14−CD15+CD33+HLADR− cells overlapped with common eosinophils and neutrophils, which were not expanded in MM patients. Therefore, we relied on automated clustering to unbiasedly identify all granulocytic subsets in the tumor microenvironment: basophils, eosinophils, and immature, intermediate, and mature neutrophils. In a series of 267 newly diagnosed MM patients (GEM2012MENOS65 trial), only the frequency of mature neutrophils at diagnosis was significantly associated with patient outcome, and a high mature neutrophil/T-cell ratio resulted in inferior progression-free survival (P < .001). Upon fluorescence-activated cell sorting of each neutrophil subset, T-cell proliferation decreased in the presence of mature neutrophils (0.5-fold; P = .016), and the cytotoxic potential of T cells engaged by a BCMA×CD3-bispecific antibody increased notably with the depletion of mature neutrophils (fourfold; P = .0007). Most interestingly, RNA sequencing of the 3 subsets revealed that G-MDSC–related genes were specifically upregulated in mature neutrophils from MM patients vs controls because of differential chromatin accessibility. Taken together, our results establish a correlation between the clinical significance, immunosuppressive potential, and transcriptional network of well-defined neutrophil subsets, providing for the first time a set of optimal markers (CD11b/CD13/CD16) for accurate monitoring of G-MDSCs in MM.

The use of bases treated with hydraulic binders or asphalt binders has become a common solution in the construction of pavement bases or sub-bases due to the need to achieve high performance, and also because of the increment of the repetitions and magnitudes of loads in transportation. The treatment with additives provides greater resistance and behavior to the pavement layers over time. A granular material was selected with the purpose of evaluating the effectiveness of one of these treatments. This material did not meet the requirements of a road subbase because of its high plasticity. A cationic asphalt emulsion was incorporated to this granular material in order to check the variations that this treatment could experience regarding its resistance in the laboratory. Finally, good results were obtained with this treatment. An increase in resistance to CBR after immersion and conserved resistance were observed. The modifications produced after the treatments, are also shown by comparing a conventional flexible structure and a structure with a stabilized sub-base layer with an emulsion instead of a non-agglomerate traditional subbase, using an empirical-mechanistic procedure of AASTHO Design Guide. La utilización de bases tratadas con conglomerantes hidráulicos o ligantes asfálticos, se ha convertido en una solución habitual en la construcción de bases o subbases de pavimentos, por la necesidad de alcanzar altas prestaciones, debido al incremento de las repeticiones y magnitudes de las cargas del transporte automotor. El tratamiento con aditivos proporciona a las capas del pavimento una mayor resistencia y comportamiento en el tiempo. Con el propósito de evaluar la efectividad de uno de estos tratamientos, se seleccionó un material granular que no cumple con las exigencias de una subbase de carreteras debido a su alta plasticidad, para incorporarle una emulsión asfáltica catiónica y comprobar la variación que experimenta en sus prestaciones, en el laboratorio. Con el tratamiento se han alcanzado buenos resultados, incrementando la resistencia a CBR tras inmersión y en la resistencia conservada. Se muestran también las modificaciones que trae el uso de estos tratamientos en el comportamiento de una estructura de pavimento en la que se ha concebido una capa de subbase estabilizada con emulsión, en lugar de una subbase tradicional no aglomerada, utilizando para ello el procedimiento empírico-mecanicista de la Guía de Diseño AASTHO (American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials).

CO-170 Introducción y objetivos: Los factores VIII (FVIII) de semivida extendida (EHL) han mostrado en los ensayos clínicos mejoras de al menos 1, 3 veces la semivida plasmática (t1/2) y 1, 25 veces el área bajo la curva (AUC) respecto a los FVIII estándar (SHL). Herramientas basadas en modelos farmacocinéticos (PK) poblacionales permiten estimar los parámetros PK individuales y ajustar la profilaxis. El objetivo de este estudio es analizar el switch PK-guiado de SHL a EHL en pacientes con hemofilia A (HA). Métodos: Estudio multicéntrico comparativo, cruzado, prospectivo que analiza las diferencias PK tras el cambio de factores SHL a EHL (Elocta® y Adynovi®) en pacientes con HA grave/moderada en profilaxis. Se ha empleado el PopPK WAPPS-Hemo® con 2-3 muestras para realizar un perfil PK individualizado de los valores de FVIII. Los parámetros PK analizados son: t1/2, AUC, nivel pico (NP), nivel valle a las 24, 48 y/o 72 h (NV24/NV48/NV72) y tiempo para alcanzar niveles de FVIII del 5%, 2% y 1% (T5%/T2%/T1%). También analizamos los ratios de t1/2 y AUC, el nº dosis semanales y la dosis/kg/semana. Para comparar los parámetros PK entre ambos periodos empleamos los test de Wilcoxon y Kruskal-Wallis (SPSS®). Los resultados se expresaron con la mediana y el rango o rango intercuartílico (RIC). Resultados: Se han analizado 64 pacientes procedentes de 8 hospitales españoles (48 switch a Elocta® y 16 a Adynovi®), 62 con HA grave y 2 con HA moderada, con una mediana de edad de 32 años (rango=5-64) y sin diferencias en el peso entre ambos periodo [71, 0 (rango=12-116) vs 72, 0 (16, 9- 116) kg; p=0, 156]. La dosis/kg/semana se redujo tras el switch a EHL [74, 5 (RIC:59, 2-108, 1) vs 69, 2 (RIC:46, 2-96, 7) UI/kg/semana; p

The role of chlorogenic acid (CGA) in the formation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) (glycoxidation reaction) was studied. Model systems composed of bovine serum albumin (BSA) (1 mg mL−1) and methylglyoxal (5 mM) under mimicked physiological conditions (pH 7.4, 37 °C) were used to evaluate the antiglycoxidative effect of CGA (10 mM). The stability of CGA under reaction conditions was assayed by HPLC and MALDI-TOF MS. The glycoxidation reaction was estimated by analysis of free amino groups by the OPA assay, spectral analysis of fluorescent AGEs and total AGEs by ELISA, and colour formation by absorbance at 420 nm. Structural changes in protein were evaluated by analysis of phenol bound to the protein backbone using the Folin reaction, UV-Vis spectral analysis and MALDI-TOF-MS, while changes in protein function were measured by determining the antioxidant capacity using the ABTS radical cation decolourisation assay. CGA was isomerised and oxidised under our experimental conditions. Evidence of binding between BSA and multiple CGA and/or its derivative molecules (isomers and oxidation products) was found. CGA inhibited (p < 0.05) the formation of fluorescent and total AGEs at 72 h of reaction by 91.2 and 69.7%, respectively. The binding of phenols to BSA significantly increased (p < 0.001) its antioxidant capacity. Correlations between free amino group content, phenol bound to protein and antioxidant capacity were found. Results indicate that CGA simultaneously inhibits the formation of potentially harmful compounds (AGEs) and promotes the generation of neoantioxidant structures., This study was funded by the projects AGL2010-17779 and IT2009-0087. B. Fernandez-Gomez is grateful for a FPI-predoc grant from the Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (Spain).