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Purpose: The aim of this study is to evaluate the prevalence of anxiety disorders, its correlation with sociodemographic characteristics, its comorbidities with other psychiatric disorders and its predictors in school-aged children., Methods: This study is part of a representative, multi-centered national study that is planned by the Turkish Association of Child and Adolescent Mental Health to evaluate the prevalence of psychopathology among elementary school students in Turkey between the years 2014-2015. Children are screened via Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School Age Children Present and Lifetime Version. Impairment is assessed by a 3-point Likert type scale independently by the parent and the teacher. The final sample included 5842 children with the mean age of 8.7 years., Results: The prevalence of any anxiety disorder without considering impairment is 16.7% and considering impairment is 5.2% in children according to our study. We found significant differences for comorbid Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Disruptive Behavior Disorder, Mood Disorders, Tic Disorders, Obsessive Compulsive Disorder, Enuresis Nocturna, Encopresis, and Intellectual Disability. Having a history of paternal physical disorder, living in the regions of Marmara, Mediterranean and Black Sea were found to be the main predictors of having childhood anxiety disorders according to the logistic regression analysis., Conclusion: Better understanding of childhood anxiety disorders, comorbid conditions and predictors will result in earlier diagnosis and more appropriate treatment., (© 2022. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany.)

Introduction: Previous studies have found that excessive screen time or early screen exposure is associated with poor attention, lack of behavioral control, delayed language and deficit in executive functions. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between screen time and emotion regulation skills, which is one of the important life components affecting the social relations of children aged 2 to 5 years., Population and Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out in a university hospital between January 1, 2018 and March 1, 2018. Mothers of healthy children aged 2-5 years with a daily screen time of less than 1 hour or over 4 hours were included in the study. A structured survey and the Emotion Regulation Checklist for parents were applied to the mothers who agreed to participate., Results: Of 240 children participating in the study, 98 (40.8 %) had ≥4 hours of screen time. Caring by mother, age at first screen exposure 12 months and older, not co-viewing with parents were found to be associated with ≥ 4 hours of screen time (p = 0.002, p = 0.002, p = 0.012, respectively). The ratio of participants with highlability/ negativity (L/N) score was significantly higher in children with screen time of ≥ 4 hours and not co-viewing with parents (p = 0.004, p = 0.033, respectively)., Conclusions: This study investigating the relationship between the emotion regulation skill and screen time revealed that excessive screen time is associated with emotional lability in this early childhood period., Competing Interests: None, (Sociedad Argentina de Pediatría.)

Aim: To determine the prevalence of affective disorders in Turkey among a representative sample of Turkish population., Methods: This study was conducted as a part of the "The Epidemiology of Childhood Psychopathology in Turkey" (EPICPAT-T) Study, which was designed by the Turkish Association of Child and Adolescent Mental Health. The inclusion criterion was being a student between the second and fourth grades in the schools assigned as study centers. The assessment tools used were the K-SADS-PL, and a sociodemographic form that was designed by the authors. Impairment was assessed via a 3 point-Likert type scale independently rated by a parent and a teacher., Results: A total of 5842 participants were included in the analyses. The prevalence of affective disorders was 2.5 % without considering impairment and 1.6 % when impairment was taken into account. In our sample, the diagnosis of bipolar disorder was lacking, thus depressive disorders constituted all the cases. Among depressive disorders with impairment, major depressive disorder (MDD) (prevalence of 1.06%) was the most common, followed by dysthymia (prevalence of 0.2%), adjustment disorder with depressive features (prevalence of 0.17%), and depressive disorder-NOS (prevalence of 0.14%). There were no statistically significant gender differences for depression. Maternal psychopathology and paternal physical illness were predictors of affective disorders with pervasive impairment., Conclusion: MDD was the most common depressive disorder among Turkish children in this nationwide epidemiological study. This highlights the severe nature of depression and the importance of early interventions. Populations with maternal psychopathology and paternal physical illness may be the most appropriate targets for interventions to prevent and treat depression in children and adolescents., (Copyright © 2018. Published by Elsevier B.V.)