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BACKGROUND: Effective primary care necessitates follow-up actions by the patient beyond the visit. Prior research suggests room for improvement in patient adherence. OBJECTIVE: This study sought to understand patients views on their primary care visits, the plans generated therein, and their self-reported adherence after 3 months. METHODS: As part of a large multisite cluster randomized pragmatic trial in 3 health care organizations, patients completed 2 surveys-the first within 7 days after the index primary care visit and another 3 months later. For this analysis of secondary outcomes, we combined the results across all study participants to understand patient adherence to care plans. We recorded patient characteristics and survey responses. Cross-tabulation and chi-square statistics were used to examine bivariate associations, adjusting for multiple comparisons when appropriate. We used multivariable logistic regression to assess how patients intention to follow, agreement, and understanding of their plans impacted their plan adherence, allowing for differences in individual characteristics. Qualitative content analysis was conducted to characterize the patients self-reported plans and reasons for adhering (or not) to the plan 3 months later. RESULTS: Of 2555 patients, most selected the top box option (9=definitely agree) that they felt they had a clear plan (n=2011, 78%), agreed with the plan (n=2049, 80%), and intended to follow the plan (n=2108, 83%) discussed with their provider at the primary care visit. The most common elements of the plans reported included reference to exercise (n=359, 14.1%), testing (laboratory, imaging, etc; n=328, 12.8%), diet (n=296, 11.6%), and initiation or adjustment of medications; (n=284, 11.1%). Patients who strongly agreed that they had a clear plan, agreed with the plan, and intended to follow the plan were all more likely to report plan completion 3 months later (P

Background: To promote gender mainstreaming in future AMR research projects and policy implementation within livestock and other systems, researchers need to embrace gender-responsive research methodologies. Ignoring gender considerations can lead to unsustainable interventions and exacerbate existing equity gaps. Incorporating gender analysis is crucial for identifying data collection needs and opportunities to develop gender-responsive research programs and policies. Objectives: We have developed a conceptual framework and a set of research questions designed to enhance the gender-responsiveness of AMR research in livestock systems. Methods: A narrative review previously identified three key entry points for gender dynamic impacting AMR in agricultural systems: gendered antimicrobial resistance exposure, gendered antimicrobial use and gendered outcomes of antimicrobial resistance infections. This information was then analyzed using a health system gender framework. Combining these insights, we developed a comprehensive list of research questions. Results: We developed comprehensive list of gender-related questions. Given the limited understanding of how gender dynamics and norms influence AMR, we have primarily proposed qualitative, exploratory questions. These questions are categorized into two types: integrated and strategic. Integrated questions offer a deeper understanding of gender dynamics and norms in livestock systems with the aim of improving them, while strategic questions focus on gender-related issues in livestock as entry points, highlighting some of the mechanisms behind these gender issues to progress towards gender equality. Conclusion: As gender-analysis in livestock research gains prominence, there is an increasing expectation for AMR researchers to integrate gender considerations into their work. This framework provides a starting point for researchers aiming to enhance gender inclusivity and considerations in AMR research within livestock systems. The next phase of our project will involve applying this framework in the field, where a real-life application will enable its validation and further refinement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The EN ISO 15189:2022 standard, titled “Medical laboratories – Requirements for quality and competence,” is a significant update to the regulations for medical laboratories. The revised standard was published on December 6, 2022, replacing both EN ISO 15189:2012 and EN ISO 22870:2016. Key objectives of the revision include: 1. Alignment with ISO/IEC 17025:2017, 2. Removal of unintended prescription, 3. Focus on patient interest and safety, 4. Minimization of new requirements, and 5. Improved clarity of text. Dedicating to harmonizing accreditation processes across Europe the EFLM Committee on Accreditation and ISO/CEN standards (C: A/ISO) has produced this guidance document to assist the laboratory medicine community in understanding and implementing the criteria of the EN ISO 15189 revision. Two main objectives of the guidance in educating both laboratories and accreditation bodies with their assessors as well as other stakeholders in laboratory medicine were agreed on. Firstly, to clarify the relevant changes covering all paragraphs of the standard and secondly to make an impact analysis on previous C: A/ISO guidance documents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Blood flow restriction training (BFRT) with low intensity resistance or aerobic exercise can improve muscle strength and aerobic capacity, respectively. Furthermore, low intensity BFRT with resistance or aerobic exercise can be as effective as training at higher intensities without BFR in healthy adult populations. The clinical use of BFRT is therefore becoming increasingly common, particularly in otherwise healthy adults recovering from musculoskeletal injury or orthopedic surgery, for whom training at high intensities is not indicated. People with neurologic conditions may also benefit from training at lower intensities, as many individuals with neurologic conditions may not tolerate higher intensities for a variety of reasons, including advanced mobility restrictions, extreme weakness, severe fatigue, and/or pain. Indeed, more and more rehabilitation clinicians are beginning to use BFRT with their patients who have neurologic conditions even though there is very little evidence to support its safety, feasibility, or efficacy in those populations. In this perspective, we propose that BFRT can be an important alternative to conventional exercise training approaches for some individuals with neurologic conditions, and in the right circumstances can be delivered both safely and effectively. This perspective will also provide considerations and decision-making strategies that can help inform clinical decisions for rehabilitation practitioners considering the use of BFRT in their patients with neurologic conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The swift uptake of new medications into clinical practice has many benefits; however, slow uptake has been seen previously with other guideline-directed medical therapies (GDMT) in heart failure (HF). Sodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors are a novel therapy in HF proven to be efficacious and will have beneficial clinical outcomes if prescribed. Understanding physician perspectives on prescribing GDMT in HF can help target strategies to bridge the gap between guidelines and practice. Methods: The study followed the PRISMA guide for scoping reviews. A search was conducted using EMBASE, Medline, and PubMed databases in April 2024. Studies included were those using qualitative methods to assess physician perspectives towards prescribing any HF medication. Common themes were identified through thematic synthesis following the methods from Cochrane Training and using software MAXQDA Analysis Pro. Results: 708 studies were found in the search, with 23 full studies included. The most pertinent barriers identified were concern for medication adverse effects, unclear role responsibilities between physicians of different specialities, patient co-morbidities, and unwillingness to alter therapies of stable patients. The most identified enablers included awareness of efficacy, influence from colleagues, and the use of multi-media approaches for information dissemination. Perceptions were also found to change over time and vary among prescriber groups. Conclusions: Physicians perceive common barriers and enablers of prescribing GDMT in HF, despite differences in prescriber groups and time periods. The identified barriers and enablers may be targeted to improve implementation of GDMT into clinical practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To explore the factors that influence clinicians (occupational therapists, physiotherapists, vascular surgeons, and rehabilitation medicine physicians) when prescribing prosthetic rehabilitation. Additionally, the study aimed to gain insight into clinicians' perspectives regarding the role of patient cognition in prosthetic rehabilitation. Materials and methods: This research constitutes one segment of a broader action research study which was undertaken in 2022. A total of thirty-four key clinicians involved in the amputation and prosthetic rehabilitation pathway within a local health district in Australia were engaged through a combination of group and individual interviews as well as surveys. Results: Five essential considerations when prescribing prosthetic rehabilitation emerged. These included patient's goals, medical history, quality of life, cognitive abilities, and the support available on discharge. This study also revealed variations in opinions among different disciplines concerning appropriateness of prosthetic rehabilitation for the patient cohort. Despite this, there was a desire to build a consensus around a shared approach of identification for patients and clinicians. Conclusion: The identification of these key pillars for clinician consideration has simplified a complex area of care. These pillars could be used to guide pertinent conversations regarding prosthetic rehabilitation and are closely linked with the patient's cognition. IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATION: Five key areas should be considered when prescribing prosthetic rehabilitation; patients' goals, medical history, quality of life, cognitive abilities and supports available on discharge. Qualitative findings show different clinician domains hold very different perspectives on the suitability of patients to receive a prosthesis and undergo prosthetic rehabilitation. Occupational therapists and rehabilitation medicine clinicians most frequently view patients as suitable to undergo prosthetic rehabilitation, followed by physiotherapists and finally vascular surgeons. Vascular surgeons view most patients' complex vascular medical history as a reason why only certain (younger) patients should undergo prosthetic rehabilitation. Communication of expectations between all members of the treating team is paramount for patient outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: According to anecdotal reports, SDF's ability to arrest caries can be enhanced by light-curing in a clinical setting. The purpose of the present study was to explore the dental professionals' perceptions of using SDF and to understand the barriers and enabling factors to using SDF with and without light-curing. Methods: A qualitative study was conducted with dental professionals who had experience with using SDF with and without light-curing. A purposive heterogeneous and convenience sampling approach was applied to ensure the inclusion of participants with different employment and experience levels. Eighteen participants (dental students (undergraduate and postgraduate), dental personnel (practicing dentists and dental hygienists), and academics) with ages ranging from 22 to 53 years old participated in the study. The data were collected through a semi-structured open-ended questionnaire. Manual line-by-line coding and content analysis methods were used for data analysis. Results: Most participants indicated a preference for light-curing, citing perceived benefits, such as quicker treatment, convenience, better visibility, prevention of saliva contamination, and ensuring thorough SDF coverage. However, some participants voiced concerns, based either on existing practice guidelines or due to insufficient evidence regarding the efficacy of light-curing. Additionally, one participant proposed a hybrid approach based on tooth location, suggesting avoiding using light-curing on anterior teeth, while utilizing it on posterior teeth. Conclusion: The participants' responses indicated that the use of SDF with and without light-curing each has its merits. Using SDF with light-curing emerged as the preferred method due to perceived benefits. e.g., quicker treatment, better moisture control. However, concerns regarding existing guidelines and the lack of robust evidence for its efficacy were also identified. This study highlights the need for additional research to address the knowledge gaps and provide stronger evidence to support the use of light-curing after SDF application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractChatGPT has initiated a new era of inquiry into sources of information within the scientific community. Studies leveraging ChatGPT in the medical field have demonstrated notable performance in academic processes and healthcare applications. This research presents how medical students have benefited from ChatGPT during their educational journey and the challenges they encountered, as reported through their personal experiences. The methodological framework of this study adheres to the stages of qualitative research. An explanatory case study, a qualitative research method, was adopted to determine user experiences with ChatGPT. Content analysis based on student experiences with ChatGPT indicates that it may offer advantages in health education as a resource for scientific research activities. However, adverse reports were also identified, including ethical issues, lack of personal data protection, and potential misuse in scientific research. This study emphasizes the need for comprehensive steps in effectively integrating AI tools like ChatGPT into medical education as a new technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación is the property of Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Samenvatting: Vandaag kampen we niet alleen met een (inter)nationaal tekort aan pleeggezinnen, we stellen ook vast dat het in Nederland en Vlaanderen geen uitzondering is dat pleegzorgplaatsingen omwille van negatieve redenen ongepland en vroegtijdig worden beëindigd, of anders gezegd eindigen in een 'breuk'. Hoewel we al inzicht hebben in de voorspellers, beschermende factoren en de gevolgen van die breuken, hebben we nog beperkte kennis over hoe pleegzorgers het volledige proces van zo'n breuk ervaren. Om die vraag te beantwoorden, werden semigestructureerde diepte-interviews met (voormalig) pleeggezinnen (N = 8) thematisch geanalyseerd. De resultaten laten zien dat de kiem van een breuk al wordt gelegd vlak voor (of bij) het begin van de plaatsing en dat die breuk doorsijpelt tot (lang) na de definitieve beëindiging en verhuis van het kind. De vijf hoofdthema's: 1) mijn gezin, een gezin of geen gezin?, 2) gezinnen onder druk, 3) niet over één nacht ijs, 4) verlost, maar verloren, en 5) de koek is op, geven een overzicht van welke noden, spanningen, twijfels en draag – en wilskracht pleegzorgers ervaren op de verschillende momenten in dat proces. In de discussie gaan we dieper in op de rol en de positie van breuken binnen pleegzorgtrajecten en de (na)zorg voor (voormalig) pleegzorgers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

I argue that two theses, which get conflated tacitly but frequently in both the philosophical and the scientific literature on perception, must be distinguished. The first is that there are optimal viewpoints, viewpoints from which an object's shape is more readily discernable than from others. The second is that there are privileged viewpoints, viewpoints that alone secure the veridicality of perception. I claim that phenomenology establishes the ubiquitousness of optimal viewpoints, but that the notion of privileged viewpoints is indefensible. It emerges when the empirical investigation of the mechanism of perception, and specifically of the role of retinal images, becomes the basis for the phenomenology of perception. Both the notion of a privileged viewpoint and the models it serves, such as the two-step model, are, I argue, untenable. To emphasize: the claims are phenomenological, not empirical, and so cannot be confirmed or refuted by empirical evidence. Optimal viewpoints are further explored by critically examining Husserl's notion of a "sum of optima" and assessing it in the context of his claim that normal viewpoints are optimal. The paper ends with some thoughts on what the relationship between the science and the phenomenology of vision ought to be. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Given the multifaceted character of depression and its related symptoms, an adolescent living with it is at increased risk for a wide range of adverse events. This research aimed to understand and characterize the psychosocial rehabilitation experiences of depressed teenage participants in the Greater Accra Region of Ghana. A cross-sectional semi-structured interview design influenced by an interpretive phenomenological analysis (IPA) technique was adopted. We employed a nonprobability, purposeful sampling approach to recruit twenty-one adolescents (6 males, 15 females) diagnosed with depression from the community after one month of discharge from admission and undergoing psychosocial rehabilitation. Using separate interviews, we gathered and analyzed data using interpretive phenomenological analysis to produce themes and sub-themes. These were presented with the participants' direct quotations. We discovered that the perspectives of adolescents' psychosocial rehabilitation experience include hopelessness and suicide ideation, coping difficulties, undesirable attitudes from support networks, challenges related to school, and isolation. Participants suggested appropriate therapeutic environments, encouraging support systems, and the media's role in preventing and treating depression among young people as rehabilitation approaches that could assist adolescents to remain lucid for longer intervals. These results shed light on the tragic realities faced by depressed adolescents. There is an urgent need to put well-defined structures in place to aid their rehabilitation and develop coping strategies for a better life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to analyze the perspective of hadith on the prohibition of tajassus (spying or seeking others' faults), an act forbidden in Islam based on the Qur'an and Hadith. Islam emphasizes justice, truth, and compassion, but the practice of tajassus contradicts these principles and has significant negative social impacts. The research employs a library research method with a qualitative approach to examine relevant Qur'anic verses and Hadiths, along with scholars' interpretations regarding tajassus. The findings indicate that tajassus is explicitly prohibited in the Qur'an, such as in Surah Al-Hujurat (49:12), and this is further reinforced by various hadiths of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH). The prohibition of tajassus aims to protect individual dignity and privacy, prevent slander, and foster harmony within society. Additionally, the study reveals that violating this prohibition often leads to conflicts, damages social relationships, and opposes the objectives of maqasid shariah, which include preserving faith, life, intellect, lineage, and property. In conclusion, tajassus contravenes Islamic teachings that prioritize moral and ethical values. The implications of this research highlight the need for education and socialization of Islamic values regarding the prohibition of tajassus, especially in the digital era where personal information is easily accessible and shareable. This study provides valuable insights into the social and spiritual impacts of the prohibition of tajassus within Islam. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to analyze the leadership pattern of blusukan from the perspective of hadith, highlighting its historical relevance and application in Indonesia's socio-political context. Blusukan, which involves leaders directly engaging with communities to understand their needs, has emerged as a notable phenomenon in modern politics. The article explores blusukan using the ma'anil hadith method, an approach to interpreting hadith in their social and historical context. The results of the study show that blusukan aligns with the leadership principles exemplified by Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) and his companions, emphasizing direct interaction with the people to address their issues. This practice offers positive impacts, such as increased public trust and more effective policymaking, while also receiving criticism, particularly when perceived as a political tool. Cultural and social factors are pivotal in determining the effectiveness of blusukan as a leadership approach. The study concludes that blusukan can be an effective leadership style, both politically and socially, if conducted sincerely to serve the public. The study implies that blusukan should be implemented based on ethical values and Islamic teachings to strengthen the relationship between leaders and communities, contributing positively to Indonesia's socio-political dynamics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The occurrence of antibiotic resistance (AR) has become a critical issue during the Novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. This study explores the experiences of healthcare commissioners with AR during the COVID-19 pandemic, identifies challenges, and provides recommendations for combating AR during pandemics. Methods: This qualitative study was multi-centered and used a phenomenological approach. Semi-structured interviews were conducted between December 2022 and January 2023 among 11 health commissioners using video calls. Results: Seven themes emerged from the data, including knowledge of AR and its consequences, the antibiotic prescription system, the future of AR and potential contributory factors, the impact of COVID-19 on AR and their relationship, the experience of AR during the COVID-19 pandemic in healthcare facilities, barriers that prevent the misuse of antibiotics during pandemics, and recommendations regarding antibiotic resistance during pandemics. Conclusion: The findings of this study could be used to inform policy and practice for government healthcare workers (HCWs) and the public. Furthermore, this study identified the main challenges of AR during the pandemic, and the recommendations of health commissioners were provided accordingly. Such recommendations could be beneficial on a national and international scale to reduce the impact of future pandemics on AR. Abbreviations: COVID-19: Novel coronavirus disease 2019; AR: Antibiotic Resistance; IPC: Infection prevention and control; MDRO: multi-drug resistant organism; ASP: Antimicrobial Stewardship Program; HCW: Healthcare worker; KSA: Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; WHO: World Health Organization; MOH: Ministry of Health; MOEWA: Ministry of Environment, Water, and Agriculture; AMR: Antimicrobial Resistance; PHCC: Primary Healthcare Center [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Understanding health professional perceptions and experiences when supporting post-stroke physical activity may assist with development of strategies targeting low physical activity observed in this group. The aims of this study were to explore health professionals' perceptions and experiences of post-stroke physical activity, the barriers they experience and potential facilitators when supporting people with stroke to be active. Methods: Ten focus groups were conducted with 57 health professionals (physiotherapists, occupational therapists, nurses, exercise physiologists, psychologists and sports scientists) and allied health students. Data were analysed via inductive thematic analysis. Results: Health professionals were reluctant to recommend moderate intensity physical activity. Barriers included: (1) post-stroke barriers being varied and individual; (2) resources being under pressure and (3) physical activity goals falling through the cracks. Suggested facilitators included: (1) clearly defined roles, processes and environments which encourage activity; (2) funding for more staff; (3) improving health professional skills and confidence and (4) using internal motivation and social supports after stroke. Conclusions: Post-stroke physical activity is a complex goal. Varied and individual barriers require tailored solutions. Health professionals report insufficient time, resources and skills to address these individual barriers as well as limited pathways to access physical activity support. Resource-efficient interventions and care models that allow routine strategies targeting post-stroke physical activity are required. This study provides an exploration of the perspectives of health professionals on supporting people with stroke to increase their physical activity. It highlights that physical activity is a complex goal for people with stroke requiring tailored solutions in a resource-constrained health system. Clearly defined roles, pathways for people with stroke to access routine support, funding for staff time and capacity-building initiatives targeting healthcare providers' self-efficacy may enable health professionals to facilitate post-stroke physical activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background/Objectives: Self-care experiences and understanding of coronary heart disease (CHD) play a pivotal role in the management of CHD and can contribute to positive health outcomes. This qualitative study aimed to explore the views and experiences of CHD patients, their families, and Indigenous leaders about self-care practices of CHD. Methods: A qualitative design employing semi-structured interviews and a focus group discussion was used. Employing purposive sampling, 49 respondents, comprising 30 patients, 10 family members, and 9 Indigenous leaders, were recruited and interviewed from April to September 2022. The data were analyzed using content analysis. Results: Five major categories were constructed: (1) inadequate knowledge and early symptom identification; (2) self-care activities for physical, psychosocial, and spiritual needs; (3) family and kinship support for self-care efforts; (4) barriers to self-care including physical, psychological, and access issues; and (5) health improvement expectations based on culturally sensitive health education. Conclusions: The study reveals significant gaps in knowledge about CHD and the identification of early symptoms among patients, families, and Indigenous leaders. Despite efforts to meet physical, psychosocial, and spiritual needs, self-care is hindered by various barriers, including limited access to healthcare and entrenched habits. The support from family and kinship systems is crucial for self-care. Participants expressed a strong desire for culturally tailored health education and better health control to improve heart health outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Specific Learning Disability (SLD) is a type of special need that can be diagnosed in the primary school period. However, research shows that there are some symptoms in the preschool period as well. It is thought that it is important for preschool teachers to be aware of these symptoms and inform primary school teachers and parents. From this point of view, this study aimed to determine the views of preschool teachers on SLD. The research was designed using basic qualitative research from qualitative research methods. Snowball sampling, one of the purposeful sampling methods, was used to determine the study group. Demographic information form and semi-structured interview questions developed by the researchers were used as data collection tools. Content analysis was used to analyse the data. As a result of the study, it was determined that preschool teachers generally focused on reading, writing, speaking and listening skills; that they would mostly interview parents and communicate with the school guidance service regarding a child with suspected SLD; and that they thought that symptoms with SLD could occur in the preschool period. The findings are similar to the related literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With a focus on politicians' and medical experts' gratitude expressions in UK government COVID-19 briefings, this research describes how perspective and intensity were modulated in expressing gratitude to realise different pragmatic intentions. This corpus-assisted analysis finds that retrospective or prospective gratitude expression was adopted by the two British elite groups to build solidarity (encouraging) and/or make requests (directing) for protecting public health. Gratitude of varying intensities was expressed (e.g. by highlighting metaphorical dimensions such as WIDTH and DEPTH) to correspond to the importance of a benefit (judged by how much the given benefit matches the receiver's needs and preferences) and/or to implicitly display the evaluation of the benefactor's responsibility and efforts. We tentatively formulate a dynamic model of gratitude expression in public discourse and shed light on the metaphorical conceptualisation of English gratitude expression and the power of gratitude expression in boosting social cohesion and directing social actions in a discourse of crisis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The valorization of coffee waste has gained traction due to its potential to generate valuable products, lessen its impact on the environment, and promote sustainability. This review examines the diverse range of coffee waste, including pulp, husk, mucilage, and parchment from the upstream processing of green beans, as well as silverskin (coffee chaff) and spent coffee grounds (SCGs) generated during roasting and brewing. These materials are identified as valuable raw inputs for biorefineries pursuing a bio-circular economy. Recent research has yielded several viable applications for these by-products, categorized into four main areas: (1) agriculture, (2) biofuels and bioenergy, (3) biochemicals and biomaterials, and (4) food ingredients and nutraceuticals. Despite significant advancements in research, the industrial application of coffee waste remains limited. This review summarizes the global commercialization landscape, highlighting that SCGs are particularly advantageous for large-scale upcycling, with applications spanning agriculture, biofuels, and biochemicals. In contrast, coffee husk is primarily utilized in food ingredients and nutraceuticals. The review also addresses the challenges and constraints that must be overcome to facilitate successful commercialization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Job rotation is one of the employee development activities that aims to improve and maintain employee performance. Implementation of job rotation policies in the public sector in Indonesia experiences various challenges, including bureaucratic characteristics that prioritize compliance so that job rotations are associated as punishment and political factors that cause job rotations to be exploited by certain parties for their interests. Based on the phenomenon, this exploratory research seeks to explore the perspective of civil servants (PNS) in interpreting the job rotation policy. The findings in this research illustrate that job rotation policy is a dispersion that produces various spectrums. Job rotation has a pliable nature and paradoxical benefits indicate that the job rotation policy has not been implemented consistently across multiple government agencies. The five main perspectives in this research provide an overview of the contradictory perspectives of civil servants. Some civil servants think that job rotations have a positive impact, while others think otherwise. These contradictions show the richness of information and a wide variety of answers and show that job rotation policies are pliable and have paradoxical benefits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación is the property of Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: While patients with cancer have traditionally received oncology treatments through intravenous (IV) administration, some therapies are becoming available via alternative modes of administration, such as subcutaneous (SC). This study aimed to evaluate IV versus SC therapy administration from the perspectives of the patient, healthcare provider (HCP), and healthcare system. Methods: A systematic review was conducted, searching MEDLINE and Embase databases from 2000 to 2022. This was supplemented with grey literature searches of additional sources such as conference proceedings. Observational studies and clinical trials were included if they assessed adult patients with any cancer type who were treated with pharmacologic therapies administered via IV or SC and included patient- or HCP-reported outcomes or healthcare system perspectives on the mode of administration. Records identified by the literature search were screened by two independent reviewers. Included studies were data extracted by a single reviewer and validated by a second reviewer and synthesized using a narrative approach. Results: After screening, 33 unique studies were included in the systematic review. Patients and HCPs reported substantially more favorable preference rates for SC over IV treatment. Additionally, from the patient perspective there were reductions in treatment time and economic burden for SC compared with IV therapy. From the HCP's perspective, treatment time was consistently reduced by SC compared with IV treatment administration. Although information on the impact of SC and IV treatments for oncology on healthcare systems was limited, the use of SC formulations showed consistent cost savings (direct costs) and time savings from this perspective considering various uptake scenarios compared with IV administration. Conclusion: Compared with IV administration, SC oncology treatment is a preferred option by patients and HCPs, increasing optionality and reducing treatment time while simultaneously increasing capacity and reducing the financial burden on healthcare systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Moment Journal: Journal of Cultural Studies is the property of Moment Journal: Journal of Cultural Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)