Search

Phase change memory (PCM) technology is a strong contender for the next‐generation memory in today's data‐centric era. In3SbTe2 (IST) phase change material is recently explored due to its good thermal stability, rapid electrical switching, and significant resistance contrast for multibit storage. However, the main concern in PCM devices is the high‐energy usage during the phase switching process. Herein, a thin oxide (HfO2) layer is inserted between the IST active layer and bottom electrode in PCM device. Such a device exhibits amorphous‐to‐crystalline phase switching (crystallization or SET operation) at a lower voltage of (2.1 ± 0.1) V and 66% reduction in energy consumption compared to the device using only IST active layer. Higher temperature of 688 K is acquired in the device with the oxide layer demonstrating that the Joule heat is effectively confined by the oxide layer assisting the crystallization process in the active layer at a less voltage. Such a device also exhibits a significant resistance contrast of ≈2 orders magnitude, allowing for stable data storage. These results reveal that the switching performance of PCM device using IST phase change material is improved by the oxide layer, which is beneficial for energy‐efficient, nonvolatile data storage applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The unique property of fast and reversible switching between SET (crystalline, highly conductive) and RESET (amorphous, highly resistive) phases of phase change materials has led to its usage in non-volatile memory applications. The quest for new phase change materials with enhanced properties is of utmost importance for developing memory devices that meet the current demand for high speed, better data retention, and multi-bit storage capabilities. We report the systematic changes occurring in the optical bandgap (E g) and structural disorder (B 1 2 ) in In3SbTe2 (IST) phase change material during the transition from amorphous to crystalline phases employing UV–Vis–NIR spectroscopy. E g in IST ranges from 0.998 (amorphous) to 0.449 eV (crystalline), revealing higher bandgap values compared to widely used Ge2Sb2Te5. An increment of 22.7% in the Tauc parameter (B 1 2 ) slope, which governs the structural disorder, is also observed during the cubic transition in IST, revealing a more ordered nature of IST in the crystalline phase. Moreover, a rise in Urbach energy (E U) from 33.4 (amorphous) to 150.2 meV (crystalline) exhibits an increase in disorder at elevated temperatures owing to film defects. These findings are supported by the change in the atomic bonding upon crystallization, which is studied using X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS). Our XPS findings demonstrate that the amorphous phase of IST is composed of In2Te3, InSb, and InTe species with a peak area of ∼52.97%, ∼51.26%, and ∼39.83%, respectively. XPS spectra of annealed samples reveal the phases separation of IST alloy into crystalline InSb (∼60.89%) and InTe (∼64.69%) around 300 °C and then the formation of stable cubic In3SbTe2 (∼47.54%) at 400 °C. These experimental findings of the optical properties with structural changes would help distinguish the IST from the conventional phase change materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Innovation is fuel for the sustainability and competitive advantage of an organization. Practitioners have proposed several tools to promote innovation in an organization. The design thinking framework is one approach for problem-solving that can lead to innovations. Some industries have already matured in practicing the design thinking approach, while others are in the nascent stage and still exploring the benefits of creating more innovations. This article puts forwards a systematic literature review followed by a bibliometric analysis on adoption of a design thinking approach for fueling innovation and solving complex problems in different domains. The present study also gives an overview of the penetration of the design thinking approach in various industries and domains. The literature review reveals that design thinking is practiced in almost all industry segments, with more evidence in education and healthcare and an upward trend in user-centered design and complex problem-solving. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The digital transformation fostered by the increasing leverage of artificial intelligence (AI) has been a critical influencing factor unleashing the next wave of enterprise business disruption. Marketing is one of the business streams witnessing this transformation on a very intense scale. Contemporary marketing has begun to experiment with modern, cutting-edge technologies, such as AI, deploying them in mainstream operations to ensure accelerated success. This article explores the use of AI in marketing as an emergent stream of research. Based on inferences from earlier studies, the study categorizes marketing into five distinct functional themes—integrated digital marketing, content marketing, experiential marketing, marketing operations, and market research—and 19 sub-functional themes (activity levers). Across the chosen themes and sub-themes, the study further dovetails into and identifies 170 featured use cases of the extant literature, where AI is leveraged by marketing in delivering superior quality outcomes and experiences. By way of a systematic literature review (SLR), the article evaluates 57 qualifying publications in the context of AI-powered marketing and qualitatively and quantitatively ranks them based on their coverage, impact, relevance, and contributed guidance, and elucidates the findings across various sectors, research contexts, and scenarios. The study discusses the practitioner and academic research implications and proposes a future research agenda to study the continuous transformation fostered by accelerated adoption of AI across the marketing landscape. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Three novel Cd(II) metal complexes 1–3 have been synthesized with different derivatives of thiazoline, hydrazide and carbodithioate. These metal complexes are abbreviated as [Cd (tht)2]n, [Cd (Hpph)2]n and [Cd (mpps)2]n along with their respective ligands Htht, H2pph and mpps. The developed metal complexes are characterized using X‐ray diffraction (XRD) data and other spectroscopic techniques (Infrared [IR], nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR], ultraviolet–visible [UV–vis] and fluorescence). The polymeric nature of these cadmium complexes have been ascertained by single XRD data. Several significant interactions were also revealed, which aid in the stabilization of these complexes' supramolecular architecture. Comparing complex 2 with complexes 1 and 3, the absorption spectra of complex 2 exhibits a greater λmax. On comparing the fluorescence study of these complexes, complex 2 has a higher fluorescence than complexes 1 and 3. The cyclic voltammetry (CV) approach was employed to detect the electrochemical behaviour of these complexes, as well as the sensing of uric acid (UA) by these complexes via modified glassy carbon electrodes (GCEs). According to the conclusions received by CV study, the modified electrode containing complex 3 has admirable UA electro catalytic activity. This UA electrochemical sensing device offers a low detection limit (0.3 μM), fine linear ranges (30–1500 μM), reasonable sensitivity, and a fast reaction time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]