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Extraction of proteins from the membrane using styrene maleic acid co-polymers (SMA), forming SMA lipid particles (SMALPs), has allowed for the first time the purification of membrane proteins with their lipid bilayer environment. To date, SMA2000 has been the most effective polymer used for this purpose, with a 2:1 ratio of styrene:maleic acid, and styrene and maleic acid moieties spread statistically throughout the chain. However, SMA2000 is a highly polydisperse polymer that contains an array of different polymer lengths and sequences. RAFT polymerisation offers much better control over the polymer length; however, homogeneous distribution of styrene and maleic acid throughout the polymer is difficult to achieve. Instead, here RAFT polymerisation was used to produce a 1:1 styrene:maleic anhydride polymer, which was then modified with benzylamine. This mimics the 2:1 hydrophobic:hydrophilic nature of SMA2000, while controlling the length and obtaining a homogeneous distribution of the hydrophobic moieties (styrene and N-benzylmaleimide). SMA-benzylamine (SMA-BA) polymers of three different lengths (2, 4, and 7 kDa) were all able to solubilise purified lipids, cellular membranes, and a range of specific proteins. However, the larger 7 kDa polymer solubilised membranes more slowly and less efficiently than the shorter polymers. This also affected the yield of purified protein obtained by affinity purification with this polymer. The smallest 2 kDa polymer solubilised membranes the fastest but appeared to offer less stability to the extracted proteins. The SMA-BA polymers were more sensitive to Mg 2+ ions than SMA2000. SMA-BA 4 kDa was otherwise comparable to SMA2000 and even gave a higher degree of purity., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors have no conflicting interests to declare that are relevant to the content of this article. GCK and BK are directors of Nanosene (Pty) Ltd., a company that commercializes amphiphilic copolymers for the isolation of membrane proteins. If there are other authors, they declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier B.V.)

Objective: This study examines adaptations, successes, and persistent challenges engaging members in virtual or hybrid community-based psychosocial rehabilitation centers called Clubhouses., Methods: Fifteen members and staff from five Clubhouses across two Hawaiian Islands participated in a virtual Photovoice process., Results: Results illustrated several unexpected positive outcomes from the transition to hybrid or virtual formats including opportunities for growth, learning new technology, cross-Clubhouse collaborations, deepened relationships, and better access to some hard-to-reach members. Persistent challenges included members reporting "something missing" in the socioemotional quality of virtual engagement and losing members who had low digital literacy or who preferred in-person engagement., Conclusions and Implications for Practice: Overall, participants described that virtual Clubhouse supported their wellness by fostering a sense of purpose, companionship, and potential, despite sustained uncertainty from the COVID-19 pandemic. However, they also made clear that virtual and hybrid formats should be a complement to, not a replacement for, in-person Clubhouse services. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).