Search

Your search keyword '"Península Valdés"' showing total 70 results
Start Over Descriptor "Península Valdés" Publication Year Range Last 10 years
70 results on '"Península Valdés"'

1. TROPHIC ECOLOGY OF GEOFFROY'S CAT (Leopardus geoffroyi) AND MAMMAL PREY AVAILABILITY IN SEMI-ARID ENVIRONMENTS OF CENTRAL PATAGONIA, ARGENTINA.

Author

D'Agostino, Romina L. and Udrizar Sauthier, Daniel E.

Subjects
*DIETARY patterns, *PREY availability, *NATURAL history, *CARNIVORA, *FELIDAE
Abstract

Research on the dietary composition of felids can help improve the perception of rural workers and their tolerance towards this group, which is threatened by human-wildlife conflicts. In this context, the purpose of this study was to quantify the diet of Leopardus geoffroyi in Península Valdés (Patagonia, Argentina) to obtain baseline knowledge of the species dietary habits, trophic ecology, and degree of prey consumption. To this end, 160 fresh scat samples, collected from 2013 to 2016, were analyzed. Ten mammal species, one tinamou bird, one lizard genus, and one insect order were identified. The most frequently consumed prey (63.84%) were small-sized mammals (< 1 kg), accounting for the highest biomass contribution (37.2%). The frequency of each mammal species in the diet was not correlated with their capture frequency (measured through Sherman live traps and pedestrian diurnal transects). This study is the first to report on the diet of L. geoffroyi in Argentinean central Patagonia, and it provides information not only on ecological aspects but also on the natural history of this felid species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

2. Miocene dinoflagellate cyst biostratigraphy of the Península Valdés, Patagonia, Argentina.

Author

Fuentes, Sabrina Natalia

Subjects
*DINOFLAGELLATE cysts, *MIOCENE Epoch, *NEOGENE Period
Abstract

The present work documents the stratigraphic distribution of dinoflagellate cysts from the upper part (60–585 m) of the YPF.Ch. PV. es-1 borehole, Península Valdés, Argentina. The assemblages exhibit a relatively moderate to low diversity. Most samples are characterized by frequent to abundant taxa of the order Gonyaulacales, such as Spiniferites/Achomosphaera spp., Reticulatosphaera actinocoronata, Operculodinium centrocarpum, and Melitasphaeridium choanophorum. Furthermore, a continuous succession of Early Miocene–Late Miocene diagnostic dinoflagellate cyst events was recorded for the first time from the Península Valdés region. Eight diagnostic events of highest occurrences (HOs) of dinoflagellate cyst taxa are identified. These bioevents allowed a subdivision of the sedimentary succession into two well-defined stratigraphic sections: Early to Middle Miocene (Burdigalian–Langhian/probably Serravalian, 430/425–330/325 m) based on the HOs of Emmetrocysta urnaformis, Cannosphaeropsis quattrocchiae, Cousteaudinium auybriae, and Cleistosphaeridium ancyreum, and Late Miocene (Tortonian–Messinian, between 175–170 and 80/85 m) based on the HOs of Labyrinthodinium truncatum subsp. truncatum, Operculodinium piaseckii, and Reticulatosphaera actinocoronata. The ranges of these taxa are compared with well-documented information on Neogene dinoflagellate cysts recorded from different sites across the North and South Atlantic Ocean and adjacent seas. In general, the dinoflagellate cyst assemblages, as well as the selected diagnostic taxa, exhibit a clear similarity to those of the Northern Hemisphere. The only exception is Hystrichokolpoma rigaudiae, which is asynchronous, possibly indicating local paleoenvironmental conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

3. What a sucking louse can tell us: the use of the seal lice (Lepidophthirus macrorhini) from the southern elephant seal (Mirounga leonina) in isotopic analysis of hosts.

Author

Eder, Elena Beatriz, Leonardi, María Soledad, and Soto, Florencia Anabella

Subjects
ISOTOPIC analysis, LICE, STABLE isotope analysis, COMPOSITION of breast milk, TOP predators, STABLE isotopes
Abstract

The southern elephant seal, Mirounga leonina, is one of the top predators inhabiting the Southern Ocean. Foraging at sea represents 80% of their annual cycle, during which they make extraordinary wide-ranging trips with long, deep, and continuous dives. Their feeding habits have been broadly studied using both traditional and advanced techniques, like stable isotope analysis. Here, we analyzed stable isotope ratios of C and N of host and sucking lice tissues to investigate the potential use of lice to infer the isotopic patterns of their host at a major scale while using a less invasive method. We collected samples of blood and lice, Lepidophthirus macrorhini, from 15 weaned pups in Península Valdés (Chubut, Argentina). C and N isotopic signals of lice and pups were correlated. The δ13C values of the lice were not different from those of their hosts, while the δ15N signals were statistically significantly enriched with respect to those of the pups. The isotopic composition of the lice would predictably mirror that of their hosts. However, the values of Δ13C and Δ15N (difference between lice and pup signals) differed from the literature-based reference values for hematophagous ectoparasites, indicating that lice could have changed the host recently or that the residence time in the pups has not been enough. Given that mothers and weaned pups differ isotopically due to lactation, the isotopic composition of lice could therefore be more representative of signals from females, implying a useful and a safe tool for identifying and measuring the magnitude of trophic interactions in this species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

4. Primeros resultados sobre la percepción social del patrimonio cultural de la península Valdés (Patagonia), según sus visitantes.

Author

Banegas, Anahí and Curti, Leticia

Subjects
HERITAGE tourism, TOURIST attractions, CULTURAL property, PENINSULAS, SOCIAL perception
Abstract

Copyright of APUNTES - Journal of Cultural Heritage Studies is the property of Pontificia Universidad Javeriana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

5. Primer registro de homing en el peludo, Chaetophractus villosus (Xenarthra: Chlamyphoridae)

Author

Jorge Alberto Gallo, Juan Reppucci, Laura Fasola, Agustín Ayuso, and Agustín Manuel Abba

Subjects
Argentina, armadillo, Chubut, Patagonia, Península Valdés, translocación, Ecology, QH540-549.5, Zoology, QL1-991
Abstract

Se registró por primera vez el comportamiento de homing en Chaetophractus villosus. Se capturaron 33 individuos de C. villosus y se liberaron a diferentes distancias en Península Valdés, Chubut, Argentina. Del total de individuos, el 30 % regresó al punto captura dentro de los 12 días desde la liberación. El tiempo de recaptura aumentó de manera no linear respecto a la distancia, por lo que los puntos de liberación podrían estar fuera de su área de acción. El regreso al sitio de captura posiblemente se debe a que los peludos reconozcan a este sitio como fuente de recursos alimenticios.

Published
2021
Full Text
View/download PDF

9. Ontogenetic niche partitioning in southern elephant seals from Argentine Patagonia.

Author

Campagna, Julieta, Lewis, Mirtha N., González Carman, Victoria, Campagna, Claudio, Guinet, Christophe, Johnson, Mark, Davis, Randall W., Rodríguez, Diego H., and Hindell, Mark A.

Subjects
ELEPHANTS, HABITAT selection, CONTINENTAL shelf, CONCENTRATE feeds, HABITATS, JUVENILE offenders
Abstract

Elephant seals, Mirounga spp., are highly dimorphic, having different energetic requirements according to age and sex, and foraging in various ecological and oceanographic contexts. Resource partitioning has been shown for the sub‐Antarctic populations of southern elephant seals, M. leonina, where colonies are surrounded by narrow shelves that deepen abruptly. In contrast, seals from Península Valdés (Argentina), in the northernmost extent of the breeding range, face an extended, shallow, temperate, and productive continental shelf. We integrated tracking data from 98 animals (juveniles and adults, males and females) gathered over more than two decades, and found that although all available habitats were used, individuals segregated by age and sex. Juvenile males favored shelf habitats, whereas subadult and adult males also used the shelf break. Juvenile females preferred the shelf and the more distant Argentine Basin used by postbreeding and postmolt adult females. Males showed the highest proportion of area‐restricted search locations, suggesting more spatially concentrated feeding activity, and likely reflecting a preference for foraging habitat and prey. Our results are consistent with those from other populations, implying that elephant seals show remarkable similarities in habitat use by age and sex classes, despite broad differences in the offshore habitats between sub‐Antarctic and temperate ecosystems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
Full Text
View/download PDF

10. Notas faunísticas y bioecológicas de Península Valdés y Patagonia, XXII. Elenco sistemático de las aves colectadas y observadas en la península de Valdés y litoral marítimo de Chubut (R. Argentina)

Author

Juan Daciuk

Subjects
Aves, sistemática, biología, ecología, Península Valdés, Chubut, Ecology, QH540-549.5, Zoology, QL1-991
Abstract

En este trabajo se entrega un listado de 116 especies y subespecies de aves recolectadas y observadas en la Península Valdés y litoral marítimo de Chubut a Isla Quintano. Varias citas significan una ampliación de sus rangos conocidos. También se remiten datos sobre los hábitats y las nuevas zonas de reproducción. Los sitios principales se muestran en un mapa y algunas fotografías de aves documentan material taxidérmico.

Published
2020

11. Modeling the spatial structure of the endemic mara (Dolichotis patagonum) across modified landscapes

Author

Milagros Antún and Ricardo Baldi

Subjects
Distribution and abundance, Dolichotis patagonum, Natural and anthropic factors, spatial models, Patagonia, Península Valdés, Medicine, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract

Across modified landscapes, anthropic factors can affect habitat selection by animals and consequently their abundance and distribution patterns. The study of the spatial structure of wild populations is crucial to gain knowledge on species’ response to habitat quality, and a key for the design and implementation of conservation actions. This is particularly important for a low-density and widely distributed species such as the mara (Dolichotis patagonum), a large rodent endemic to Argentina across the Monte and Patagonian drylands where extensive sheep ranching predominates. We aimed to assess the spatial variation in the abundance of maras and to identify the natural and anthropic factors influencing the observed patterns in Península Valdés, a representative landscape of Patagonia. We conducted ground surveys during the austral autumn from 2015 to 2017. We built density surface models to account for the variation in mara abundance, and obtained a map of mara density at a resolution of four km2. We estimated an overall density of 0.93 maras.km−2 for the prediction area of 3,476 km2. The location of ranch buildings, indicators of human presence, had a strong positive effect on the abundance of maras, while the significant contribution of the geographic longitude suggested that mara density increases with higher rainfall. Although human presence favored mara abundance, presumably by providing protection against predators, it is likely that the association could bring negative consequences for maras and other species. The use of spatial models allowed us to provide the first estimate of mara abundance at a landscape scale and its spatial variation at a high resolution. Our approach can contribute to the assessment of mara population abundance and the factors shaping its spatial structure elsewhere across the species range, all crucial attributes to identify and prioritize conservation actions.

Published
2019
Full Text
View/download PDF

12. Density-dependent changes in the distribution of Southern Right Whales (Eubalaena australis) in the breeding ground Peninsula Valdés

Author

Nicolas Sueyro, Enrique Alberto Crespo, Magdalena Arias, and Mariano Alberto Coscarella

Subjects
Southern Right Whales, Density-dependent, Distribution change, Peninsula Valdés, Eubalaena australis, Medicine, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract

Background The Southern Right Whale (Eubalaena australis) population of the South–western Atlantic Ocean is recovering. In the breeding ground of Peninsula Valdés, as a consequence of the population growth, expansion to new areas by some types of groups and a change in the habitat use patterns at the coastal area were recorded. Methods We analysed information gathered from aerial surveys conducted along the coast of Peninsula Valdés in 15 years of effective sampling in a 19-year span. These surveys were divided into four periods (1999–2000; 2004–2007; 2008–2012 and 2013–2016) and estimated the density of whales in a 620 km of coast divided into segments of five km. Results The density of the whales increased to near three whales per km2 (averaged over each period) in the high-density areas. When this mean number was reached, the significant changes in density in the adjacent areas were detected in the following period. These changes were a decrease in density in the high-density areas and an increase of density in the low-density areas. Discussion We propose that a threshold in density elicits a response in habitat use, with the Mother-calf pairs remaining in the area, while the other groups are displaced to new areas.

Published
2018
Full Text
View/download PDF

13. SPECIES OF CONTRACAECUM PARASITIZING THE MAGELLANIC PENGUIN SPHENISCUS MAGELLANICUS (SPHENISCIDAE) FROM THE ARGENTINEAN COAST.

Author

Garbin, Lucas E., Diaz, Julia I., and Navone, Graciela T.

Abstract

Anisakid nematodes have a worldwide distribution and are associated with fishes, birds, and marine mammals from freshwater, brackish, and marine systems. The aims of this work are to report for the first time Contracaecum mirounga parasitizing the Magellanic penguin Spheniscus magellanicus, to report another Contracaecum species in the same host species, and to discuss the validity of Contracaeceum spheniscus. Several dead chicks, juveniles, and adults of S. magellanicus were collected along the Argentinean coast from 2002 to 2009. Nematodes were removed from digestive tracts and studied using both light and scanning electron microscopy. Nematode prevalences were 2.38% for C. mirounga and 12.5% for Contracaecum sp. Contracaecum mirounga was found in 1 penguin from Península Valdés, Chubut. This species is known as a specific parasite of marine mammals such as Pinnipedia, thereby suggesting that this nematode is not as specific as believed. Another species of Contracaecum sp. was found parasitizing 1 penguin from the Río de la Plata coast. It possessed an unusual interlabial morphology and arrangement of male caudal papillae. Despite the low prevalence, the distinct morphological features are convincing and support the presence of a new Contracaecum species. However, a formal description is not presented because sufficient male specimens are lacking. Finally, C. spheniscus is considered a junior synonym of Contracaecum pelagicum. Future molecular studies might be helpful to determine the real diversity of Contracaecum species parasitizing S. magellanicus considering the number of sibling species recognized among the anisakids. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
Full Text
View/download PDF

14. Modeling the spatial structure of the endemic mara (Dolichotis patagonum) across modified landscapes.

Author

Antún, Milagros and Baldi, Ricardo

Subjects
SHEEP farming, HABITAT selection, ARTIFICIAL selection of animals, HABITATS, SPATIAL variation, CULTURAL landscapes, ANIMAL population density
Abstract

Across modified landscapes, anthropic factors can affect habitat selection by animals and consequently their abundance and distribution patterns. The study of the spatial structure of wild populations is crucial to gain knowledge on species' response to habitat quality, and a key for the design and implementation of conservation actions. This is particularly important for a low-density and widely distributed species such as the mara (Dolichotis patagonum), a large rodent endemic to Argentina across the Monte and Patagonian drylands where extensive sheep ranching predominates. We aimed to assess the spatial variation in the abundance of maras and to identify the natural and anthropic factors influencing the observed patterns in Península Valdés, a representative landscape of Patagonia. We conducted ground surveys during the austral autumn from 2015 to 2017. We built density surface models to account for the variation in mara abundance, and obtained a map of mara density at a resolution of four km2. We estimated an overall density of 0.93 maras.km-2 for the prediction area of 3,476 km2. The location of ranch buildings, indicators of human presence, had a strong positive effect on the abundance of maras, while the significant contribution of the geographic longitude suggested that mara density increases with higher rainfall. Although human presence favored mara abundance, presumably by providing protection against predators, it is likely that the association could bring negative consequences for maras and other species. The use of spatial models allowed us to provide the first estimate of mara abundance at a landscape scale and its spatial variation at a high resolution. Our approach can contribute to the assessment of mara population abundance and the factors shaping its spatial structure elsewhere across the species range, all crucial attributes to identify and prioritize conservation actions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
Full Text
View/download PDF

15. Geochemical occurrence of arsenic, vanadium and fluoride in groundwater of Patagonia, Argentina: Sources and mobilization processes.

Author

Alvarez, María del Pilar and Carol, Eleonora

Subjects
*ANALYTICAL geochemistry, *ARSENIC, *VANADIUM, *GROUNDWATER, *MINERALOGY
Abstract

Abstract Contamination of groundwater in different parts of the world is a result of natural and/or anthropogenic sources, leading to adverse effects on human health and the ecosystem. In Península Valdés, where groundwater is the only source of supply, high concentrations of As and F- were registered. Since it is a region without industrial activity, an analysis of possible natural sources of contamination is necessary. The aim of this study is to analyse the hydrological processes that determines the presence and mobilization of those elements through the analysis of the mineralogy of the aquifer sediments and the ionic water relationships. The productive aquifer, dominated by psamites, coquinas and siltstone is located between 29 and 42 m below ground surface. The hydrochemistry studied from 105 sampling points, shows that groundwater is dominated by Na-Cl ions and, in the fresh water sectors, the ionic type is Na-HCO3 to Na-Cl. In 17 of these samples, Zn, Cr, Mn, As, V, Sr, Fe, F ions were measured and As and F contents above the potability limit were recorded. These contents vary between 0.01 and 0.40 mg/L in As and between 0.31 and 4 in F- which are both associated with elevated V values. The optical petrographic microscope observations and the X-ray diffraction measurements show that the sediments are dominated by volcanic lithic fragments, volcanic glass shards and quartz, plagioclase, pyroxenes and magnetite clasts. The scanning electron microscopy, combined with the energy dispersive X-ray analysis, shows that the highest concentrations of As are associated with volcanic shards and iron oxides. The combined analysis of all these elements leads to conclude that the processes which explain the presence of those ions are a result of the interaction of groundwater with the components of the aquifer sediments. At alkaline pH, the high solubility of the amorphous silica of vitreous shards allows the release of As, V and F- ions towards the solution. Thus, adsorption-desorption processes can also control the presence of these ions in groundwater. Both As and V (in solution in the form of oxyanions) can be adsorbed by iron oxides, while F- anions have more affinity to be adsorbed by the carbonate facies, some of them re-precipitated as a result of the increase in pH. The identified hydrogeological processes provide information for the planning of water purification measures that tend to improve the water resources management in a large arid region of Patagonia. Highlights • The As, V and F presence in the groundwater of Peninsula Valdes is due to a natural origin. • Volcanic particles and iron oxides of the Miocene sediments shows the highest As concentrations. • Groundwater pH conditions the volcanic shards dissolution and therefore the As, V and F release. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
Full Text
View/download PDF

16. The southwestern Atlantic southern right whale, Eubalaena australis, population is growing but at a decelerated rate.

Author

Crespo, Enrique A., Pedraza, Susana N., Dans, Silvana L., Svendsen, Guillermo M., Degrati, Mariana, and Coscarella, Mariano A.

Subjects
BALEEN whales, MAMMAL morphology, MAMMAL populations, AERIAL surveys, MAMMAL breeding
Abstract

This paper reports on aerial surveys conducted to estimate the relative abundance and trend in growth of the southern right whale (Eubalaena australis) population from Península Valdés. The number of whales counted tripled from 1999 to 2016. We modeled the number of whales, the number of calves, the number of solitary individuals and the number of individuals in breeding groups using as predictive variables the year, Julian day, and Julian day2 by means of generalized linear models. The rate of increase decreased from near 7% in 2007 to 0.06% and 2.30% for total number of whales and number of calves, respectively for 2016. Trends in the rates of increase for total number of whales and number of calves were negative (−0.732% and −0.376%, respectively). The habitat use of the whales changed along the years, with mothers and calves using more heavily the near‐shore strip, resulting in a decreasing trend for solitary individuals and breeding groups in near‐shore waters. We conclude that whales are still increasing their abundance, while the rate of increase is decreasing. Differences in the rates of increase of the group types and changes in habitat use are thought to be the consequence of a density‐dependence process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
Full Text
View/download PDF

17. Density-dependent changes in the distribution of Southern Right Whales (Eubalaena australis) in the breeding ground Peninsula Valdés.

Author

Sueyro, Nicolas, Alberto Crespo, Enrique, Arias, Magdalena, and Alberto Coscarella, Mariano

Subjects
MATING grounds, WHALES, PENINSULAS, POPULATION, AERIAL surveys
Abstract

Background: The Southern Right Whale (Eubalaena australis) population of the South–western Atlantic Ocean is recovering. In the breeding ground of Peninsula Valdés, as a consequence of the population growth, expansion to new areas by some types of groups and a change in the habitat use patterns at the coastal area were recorded. Methods: We analysed information gathered from aerial surveys conducted along the coast of Peninsula Valdés in 15 years of effective sampling in a 19-year span. These surveys were divided into four periods (1999–2000; 2004–2007; 2008–2012 and 2013–2016) and estimated the density of whales in a 620 km of coast divided into segments of five km. Results: The density of the whales increased to near three whales per km² (averaged over each period) in the high-density areas. When this mean number was reached, the significant changes in density in the adjacent areas were detected in the following period. These changes were a decrease in density in the high-density areas and an increase of density in the low-density areas. Discussion: We propose that a threshold in density elicits a response in habitat use, with the Mother-calf pairs remaining in the area, while the other groups are displaced to new areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
Full Text
View/download PDF

18. Primer registro de homing en el peludo, Chaetophractus villosus (Xenarthra: Chlamyphoridae)

Author

Laura Fasola, Jorge Alberto Gallo, Agustín Ayuso, Agustin Manuel Abba, and Juan Reppucci

Subjects
Ecology, QL1-991, translocación, Chubut, Argentina, Patagonia, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, armadillo, Zoology, QH540-549.5, Península Valdés, General Environmental Science
Abstract

Se registró por primera vez el comportamiento de homing en Chaetophractus villosus. Se capturaron 33 individuos de C. villosus y se liberaron a diferentes distancias en Península Valdés, Chubut, Argentina. Del total de individuos, el 30 % regresó al punto captura dentro de los 12 días desde la liberación. El tiempo de recaptura aumentó de manera no linear respecto a la distancia, por lo que los puntos de liberación podrían estar fuera de su área de acción. El regreso al sitio de captura posiblemente se debe a que los peludos reconozcan a este sitio como fuente de recursos alimenticios.

Published
2021

19. Domoic acid in a marine pelagic food web: Exposure of southern right whales Eubalaena australis to domoic acid on the Península Valdés calving ground, Argentina.

Author

D’Agostino, Valeria C., Degrati, Mariana, Sastre, Viviana, Santinelli, Norma, Krock, Bernd, Krohn, Torben, Dans, Silvana L., and Hoffmeyer, Mónica S.

Subjects
*FOOD chains, *PELAGIC fishes, *DOMOIC acid, *ALGAL toxins, *EUBALAENA
Abstract

The gulfs that surround Península Valdés (PV), Golfo Nuevo and Golfo San José in Argentina, are important calving grounds for the southern right whale Eubalaena australis . However, high calf mortality events in recent years could be associated with phycotoxin exposure. The present study evaluated the transfer of domoic acid (DA) from Pseudo-nitzschia spp., potential producers of DA, to living and dead right whales via zooplanktonic vectors, while the whales are on their calving ground at PV. Phytoplankton and mesozooplankton (primary prey of the right whales at PV and potential grazers of Pseudo-nitzschia cells) were collected during the 2015 whale season and analyzed for species composition and abundance. DA was measured in plankton and fecal whale samples (collected during whale seasons 2013, 2014 and 2015) using liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS). The genus Pseudo-nitzschia was present in both gulfs with abundances ranging from 4.4 × 10 2 and 4.56 × 10 5 cell l −1 . Pseudo-nitzschia australis had the highest abundance with up to 4.56 × 10 5 cell l −1 . DA in phytoplankton was generally low, with the exception of samples collected during a P. australis bloom. No clear correlation was found between DA in phytoplankton and mesozooplankton samples. The predominance of copepods in mesozooplankton samples indicates that they were the primary vector for the transfer of DA from Pseudo-nitzschia spp. to higher trophic levels. High levels of DA were detected in four whale fecal samples (ranging from 0.30 to 710 μg g −1 dry weight of fecal sample or from 0.05 and 113.6 μg g −1 wet weight assuming a mean water content of 84%). The maximum level of DA detected in fecal samples (710 μg DA g −1 dry weight of fecal sample) is the highest reported in southern right whales to date. The current findings demonstrate for the first time that southern right whales, E. australis , are exposed to DA via copepods as vectors during their calving season in the gulfs of PV. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2017
Full Text
View/download PDF

21. Southern right whale ( Eubalaena australis) calf mortality at Península Valdés, Argentina: Are harmful algal blooms to blame?

Author

Wilson, Cara, Sastre, A. Viviana, Hoffmeyer, Monica, Rowntree, Victoria J., Fire, Spencer E., Santinelli, Norma H., Ovejero, Soledad Díaz, D'Agostino, Valeria, Marón, Carina F., Doucette, Gregory J., Broadwater, Margaret H., Wang, Zhihong, Montoya, Nora, Seger, Jon, Adler, Frederick R., Sironi, Mariano, and Uhart, Marcela M.

Subjects
EUBALAENA, ANIMAL mortality, ALGAL blooms, TOXINS, ALGAL populations
Abstract

Península Valdés ( PV) in Argentina is an important calving ground for southern right whales ( SRWs, Eubalaena australis). Since 2005, right whale mortality has increased at PV, with most of the deaths (~90%) being calves <3 mo old. We investigated the potential involvement of harmful algal blooms ( HABs) in these deaths by examining data that include: timing of the SRW deaths, biotoxins in samples from dead SRWs, abundances of the diatom, Pseudo-nitzschia spp., and the dinoflagellate, Alexandrium tamarense, shellfish harvesting closure dates, seasonal availability of whale prey at PV and satellite chlorophyll data. Evidence of the whales' exposure to HAB toxins includes trace levels of paralytic shellfish toxins ( PSTs) and domoic acid ( DA) in tissues of some dead whales, and fragments of Pseudo-nitzschia spp. frustules in whale feces. Additionally, whales are present at PV during both closures of the shellfish industry (due to high levels of PSTs) and periods with high levels of Pseudo-nitzschia spp. and A. tamarense. There is a positive statistical relationship between monthly Pseudo-nitzschia densities (but not A. tamarense) and calf deaths in both gulfs of PV. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2016
Full Text
View/download PDF

22. Potentially toxic Pseudo-nitzschia species in plankton and fecal samples of Eubalaena australis from Península Valdés calving ground, Argentina.

Author

D'Agostino, Valeria C., Hoffmeyer, Mónica S., Almandoz, Gastón O., Sastre, Viviana, and Degrati, Mariana

Subjects
*NITZSCHIA, *PLANKTON, *EUBALAENA, *PARTURITION grounds, *CATTLE mortality
Abstract

Península Valdés (PV) in Argentina is an important calving ground for the southern right whale Eubalaena australis . However, a high mortality of calves has been observed in the last years, which could be associated with phycotoxin exposure. During a sampling program conducted late in the calving seasons of 2004, 2005 and 2010, potentially toxic species of the genus Pseudo-nitzschia were observed to be an important component of the phytoplankton community and they were also found in fecal samples of two live whales and three stranded whales. In line with this, in the present study Pseudo-nitzschia australis, Pseudo-nitzschia fraudulenta, Pseudo-nitzschia pungens and the complex Pseudo-nitzschia pseudodelicatissima were identified in fecal samples and phytoplankton samples by light and electron microscopy. Although no toxin analysis was carried out in the present study, our findings suggest that E. australis could be exposed to domoic acid in their calving ground. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2015
Full Text
View/download PDF

23. First record of an unsuccessful parturition of a southern right whale ( Eubalaena australis ) at Península Valdés, Argentina

Author

Mariano Sironi, Justa Guevara, Juan Pablo Martorel, Carina F. Marón, Luis Pettite, and Victoria J. Rowntree

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, biology, Eubalaena australis, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Zoology, PARTURITION, Biología Marina, Limnología, Aquatic Science, biology.organism_classification, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Ciencias Biológicas, PENÍNSULA VALDÉS, RIGHT WHALES, Peninsula, CALF MORTALITY, Calf mortality, Right whale, CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Abstract

Southern right whale (Eubalaena australis) populations were severelydepleted in past centuries by intensive whaling, but many are now recover-ing after receiving international protection in 1935 (IWC 2012). In the SouthAtlantic, the population of southern right whales that migrates each australwinter to calve at Península Valdés, Argentina (Payne 1986; IWC 2001,2012), began experiencing unusually high calf deaths in 2003. The deathspeaked in 2012 with 113 dead calves (Rowntreeet al. 2013, Sironiet al.2018). The estimated age of dead calves ranged from 1 d to 4–6mo(Rowntreeet al. 2013, McAlooseet al. 2016). Fil: Sironi, Mariano Miguel. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Cs.exactas Físicas y Naturales. Departamento de Diversidad Biológica y Ecológica. Cátedra de Biología del Comportam. y Div. Animal Ii; Argentina. Instituto de Conservacion de Ballenas; Argentina Fil: Marón, Carina Flavia. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Cs.exactas Físicas y Naturales. Departamento de Diversidad Biológica y Ecológica. Cátedra de Biología del Comportam. y Div. Animal Ii; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina Fil: Petitte, Luis. Southern Spirit Whale Watch; Argentina Fil: Guevara, Justa. Southern Spirit Whale Watch; Argentina Fil: Martorel, Juan Pablo. Southern Spirit Whale Watch; Argentina Fil: Rowntree, Victoria J.. University Of Utah. Department Of Biology; Estados Unidos

Published
2019

24. Geochemical occurrence of arsenic, vanadium and fluoride in groundwater of Patagonia, Argentina: Sources and mobilization processes

Author

Maria del Pilar Alvarez and Eleonora Silvina Carol

Subjects
010506 paleontology, Mobilization, GROUNDWATER, Oceanografía, Hidrología, Recursos Hídricos, HYDROGEOCHEMICAL PROCESSES, chemistry.chemical_element, Vanadium, SEDIMENT INTERACTION, Geology, WATER SUPPLY, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Ciencias de la Tierra y relacionadas con el Medio Ambiente, PENÍNSULA VALDÉS, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, Environmental chemistry, TRACE ELEMENTS, Fluoride, CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS, Groundwater, Arsenic, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Earth-Surface Processes
Abstract

Contamination of groundwater in different parts of the world is a result of natural and/or anthropogenic sources, leading to adverse effects on human health and the ecosystem. In Península Valdés, where groundwater is the only source of supply, high concentrations of As and F- were registered. Since it is a region without industrial activity, an analysis of possible natural sources of contamination is necessary. The aim of this study is to analyse the hydrological processes that determines the presence and mobilization of those elements through the analysis of the mineralogy of the aquifer sediments and the ionic water relationships. The productive aquifer, dominated by psamites, coquinas and siltstone is located between 29 and 42 m below ground surface. The hydrochemistry studied from 105 sampling points, shows that groundwater is dominated by Na-Cl ions and, in the fresh water sectors, the ionic type is Na-HCO3 to Na-Cl. In 17 of these samples, Zn, Cr, Mn, As, V, Sr, Fe, F ions were measured and As and F contents above the potability limit were recorded. These contents vary between 0.01 and 0.40 mg/L in As and between 0.31 and 4 in F- which are both associated with elevated V values. The optical petrographic microscope observations and the X-ray diffraction measurements show that the sediments are dominated by volcanic lithic fragments, volcanic glass shards and quartz, plagioclase, pyroxenes and magnetite clasts. The scanning electron microscopy, combined with the energy dispersive X-ray analysis, shows that the highest concentrations of As are associated with volcanic shards and iron oxides. The combined analysis of all these elements leads to conclude that the processes which explain the presence of those ions are a result of the interaction of groundwater with the components of the aquifer sediments. At alkaline pH, the high solubility of the amorphous silica of vitreous shards allows the release of As, V and F- ions towards the solution. Thus, adsorption-desorption processes can also control the presence of these ions in groundwater. Both As and V (in solution in the form of oxyanions) can be adsorbed by iron oxides, while F- anions have more affinity to be adsorbed by the carbonate facies, some of them re-precipitated as a result of the increase in pH. The identified hydrogeological processes provide information for the planning of water purification measures that tend to improve the water resources management in a large arid region of Patagonia. Fil: Alvarez, Maria del Pilar. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Nacional Patagónico; Argentina Fil: Carol, Eleonora Silvina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Centro de Investigaciones Geológicas. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. Centro de Investigaciones Geológicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo; Argentina

Published
2019

25. Caracterización de los conjuntos artefactuales líticos del sitio Puesto de la Fuente (Estancia Los Manantiales, Península Valdés, provincia de Chubut).

Author

Alberti, Jimena and Buscaglia, Silvana

Abstract

Copyright of Intersecciones en Antropología is the property of Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Published
2015

26. Organochlorine pesticides and PCBs in Southern Right Whales (Eubalaena australis) breeding at Península Valdés, Argentina.

Author

Torres, P., Miglioranza, K.S.B., Uhart, M.M., Gonzalez, M., and Commendatore, M.

Subjects
*ORGANOCHLORINE pesticides, *POLYCHLORINATED biphenyls, *ENDOSULFAN, *AGRICULTURAL chemicals
Abstract

Organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were assessed in blubber from 35 dead Southern Right Whales (SRW — Eubalaena australis ) stranded at Península Valdés, Argentina. The life cycle includes a feeding period in high productivity areas of the South West Atlantic and a reproductive period in coastal template waters of Argentina. Organochlorine pesticides showed higher concentrations (22.6 ± 13.8 ng·g − 1 ww) than PCBs (7.5 ± 10 ng·g − 1 ww). Among pesticides, HCHs, DDTs, endosulfans, dieldrin, chlordans, heptachlor epoxide, and trans-nonachlor were detected. p , p ′-DDE and p , p ′-DDT were present in 69% and 26% of samples, respectively. p , p ′-DDT/ p , p ′-DDE ratio showed low values (< 0.33) as a result of aged DDT inputs. However, the occurrence of only p , p ′-DDT in some samples suggests a recent pesticide input. α-HCH/γ-HCH ratio (< DL-0.37) indicated no recent contribution of technical HCH mixture and/or current use of lindane. Dieldrin was present in 77% of the samples and endosulfan was detected in all samples with predominance of α- (75%) over β-endosulfan (19%) and scarce contribution of endosulfan sulphate (7%), suggesting a recent input of this insecticide to the environment in the SRW foraging area. A predominance of pentachlorobiphenyls was observed. In 21 samples at least one PCB indicator was found and PCB #118, highly toxic, contributed in 5% to total PCBs. Although all these organochlorine compounds are forbidden they were bioaccumulated in the blubber of SRW with a predominance of endosulfans, the more recently used pesticide. The absence of data on chemical pollutants in stranded dead whales is highlighted as a priority for research. This is the first study on levels, compositional patterns, and organochlorine sources in SRW. Moreover, more research including milk, and other tissues/organs is recommended considered that in the studied specimens, mostly calves, pollutants are likely transferred from the mother during pregnancy and nursing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2015
Full Text
View/download PDF

27. Ontogenetic niche partitioning in southern elephant seals from Argentine Patagonia

Author

Mark A. Hindell, Victoria González Carman, Claudio Campagna, Mirtha Noemi Lewis, Mark Johnson, Randall W. Davis, Diego Rodríguez, Julieta Campagna, Christophe Guinet, Centro para el Estudio de Sistemas Marinos (CESIMAR), Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo Pesquero (INIDEP), Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras [Mar del Plata] (IIMyC), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales [Mar del Plata], Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata [Mar del Plata] (UNMdP)-Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata [Mar del Plata] (UNMdP)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET), Wildlife Conservation Society [Argentina], Marine and Argentina Programs, Centre d'Études Biologiques de Chizé - UMR 7372 (CEBC), Université de La Rochelle (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Sea Mammal Research Unit [University of St Andrews] (SMRU), School of Biology [University of St Andrews], University of St Andrews [Scotland]-University of St Andrews [Scotland]-Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), Department of Marine Biology, Texas A&M University [Texas, USA], Texas A&M University [College Station], Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies and Centre for Marine Socioecology, and University of Tasmania [Hobart, Australia] (UTAS)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, SOUTHWEST ATLANTIC, Range (biology), Foraging, DIVING BEHAVIOR, Aquatic Science, Biology, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, nsula Vald&#233, DEEP DIVERS, Predation, STABLE-ISOTOPES, Temperate climate, Juvenile, 14. Life underwater, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, JUVENILE SOUTHERN, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Continental shelf, Ecology, elephant seals, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, AGE STRUCTURE, fungi, Niche differentiation, Pen&#237, South Atlantic Ocean, BLACK-BROWED ALBATROSSES, Habitat, ontogeny, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, MIROUNGA-LEONINA, FORAGING ECOLOGY, niche partitioning, MARINE FRONTS, Mirounga leonina, Península Valdés
Abstract

International audience; Elephant seals, Mirounga spp., are highly dimorphic, having different energetic requirements according to age and sex, and foraging in various ecological and oceanographic contexts. Resource partitioning has been shown for the sub‐Antarctic populations of southern elephant seals, M. leonina, where colonies are surrounded by narrow shelves that deepen abruptly. In contrast, seals from Península Valdés (Argentina), in the northernmost extent of the breeding range, face an extended, shallow, temperate, and productive continental shelf. We integrated tracking data from 98 animals (juveniles and adults, males and females) gathered over more than two decades, and found that although all available habitats were used, individuals segregated by age and sex. Juvenile males favored shelf habitats, whereas subadult and adult males also used the shelf break. Juvenile females preferred the shelf and the more distant Argentine Basin used by postbreeding and postmolt adult females. Males showed the highest proportion of area‐restricted search locations, suggesting more spatially concentrated feeding activity, and likely reflecting a preference for foraging habitat and prey. Our results are consistent with those from other populations, implying that elephant seals show remarkable similarities in habitat use by age and sex classes, despite broad differences in the offshore habitats between sub‐Antarctic and temperate ecosystems.

Published
2021

28. Situación ante el COVID- 19 del Área Natural Protegida Península Valdés (Chubut)

Author

Losano, Piedad María

Subjects
Valdés Peninsula, Emergencia, Área Natural Protegida, COVID-19, Reactivación, Protocolos, Reactivation, Reativação, Protected Natural Area, Emergência, Emergency, Perspectivas, Protocols, Península Valdés, Perspectives
Abstract

Fil: Losano, Piedad María. Universidad Nacional de Rosario; Argentina. Fil: Losano, Piedad María. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia San Juan Bosco. Facultad de Ciencias Económicas; Argentina. Fil: Losano, Piedad María. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia San Juan Bosco. Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas; Argentina. El presente artículo refiere a las medidas implementadas en la provincia del Chubut a partir de la pandemia generada por el Covid 19, desde el punto de vista del sector turístico en general y al Área Natural Protegida Península Valdes (ANPPV), en particular. El mismo consta de dos partes: una, de caracterización del ANPPV y la otra, consiste en un breve informe acerca del impacto del COVID 19. El ANPPV, declarada Patrimonio Mundial por la UNESCO en el año 1999, se encuentra en el sector Noreste de la Provincia del Chubut, sobre el Océano Atlántico. En relación al informe acerca del impacto generado por el Covid 19, éste se compone de cinco ítems: 1.Suspensión de las actividades turísticas, 2.Elaboración de propuestas para la reactivación del sector turístico, 3.Adopción de medidas por el sector público provincial de apoyo al turismo, 4.Formulación de protocolos, 5.Perspectivas del sector privado. (español) This article refers to the measures implemented in the province of Chubut from the pandemic ge nerated by Covid 19, from the point of view of the tourism sector in general and the Valdes Penin sula Protected Natural Area (ANPPV), in particular. It consists of two parts: one, of ANPPV characterization and the other, consists of a brief report on the impact of COVID 19. The ANPPV, declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 1999, is located in the Northeast sector of Chubut Province, on the Atlantic Ocean. In relation to the report on the impact generated by Covid 19, it consists of five items: 1. Suspension of tourist activities, 2. Preparation of proposals for the revival of the tourism sector, 3. Adoption of measures by the provincial public sector to support tourism, 4. Protocol formulation, 5. Private sector perspectives. (ingles) Opresente artigo refere-se às medidas implementadas na província de Chubut a partir da pandemia gerada pelo Covid 19, do ponto de vista do sector turístico em geral e da Área Natural Protegida Pe nínsula Valdes (ANPPV), em particular. O relatório é constituído por duas partes: uma, de caracterização do ANPPV e a outra, consiste num breve relatório sobre o impacto do COVID 19. O ANPPV, declarado Patrimônio Mundial pela UNESCO em 1999, estão no setor Nordeste da Província do Chubut, sobre o Oceano Atlântico. Em relação ao relatório sobre o impacto gerado pelo Covid 19, este se compõe de cinco itens: 1-Suspensão das atividades turísticas. 2-Elaboração de propostas para o relançamento do setor do turismo. 3-Adopção das medidas pelo sector publico provincial de apoio ao turismo. 4-Formulação de protocolos. 5-Perspectivas do sector privado (portugués)

Published
2020

29. Habitat associations of post-breeding female southern elephant seals (Mirounga leonina) from Península Valdés, Argentina.

Author

McGovern, K.A., Rodríguez, D.H., Lewis, M.N., Eder, E.B., Piola, A.R., and Davis, R.W.

Subjects
*ANTARCTIC Circumpolar Current, *OCEAN temperature, *HABITATS, *FORAGING behavior, *WATER masses, *MARINE mammals, *HOPPING conduction
Abstract

Research on marine mammal habitat-associations often uses satellite remote sensing of sea surface temperature, chlorophyll concentration, and sea surface height to map mesoscale features, which may indicate areas of enhanced productivity and prey availability. However, for species that feed at depths >400 m, the increased productivity associated with mesoscale features observed near the surface may have little or no immediate effect on habitat-associations at depth. As a result, previous studies have found a weak correlation between mesoscale features and the movements of marine mammals. The advantage of biologging is that hydrographic variables are recorded in situ and at foraging depths using animal-borne instruments with sensors for temperature, conductivity (salinity), and dissolved oxygen. The goal of this study was to characterize the habitat-associations of female southern elephant seals (SES) from Península Valdés, Argentina during the post-breeding foraging trip. Although female SES exhibited significant habitat-associations with sea surface height anomaly and chlorophyll concentrations, the presence or absence of eddies was not predictive of foraging behavior, and the majority of foraging dives (74%) and prey encounters (77%) occurred in the absence of eddies. The strongest habitat-association was with deep (>500 m) and cold (3.73 ± 1.29 °C) subantarctic water, primarily during foraging dives from dusk to dawn. Female SES made most of their foraging dives (68%, mean maximum depth of 539 ± 226 m) and had the most prey encounters (67%) in Antarctic Intermediate Water (AAIW), which is formed near the Subantarctic Front on the northern flank of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current. Our results suggest that AAIW is the principal foraging habitat of female SES from Península Valdés, which may not be directly associated with near-surface mesoscale features. Future research on the habitat-associations for SES and other deep-diving marine mammals should focus on indices of foraging success and the hydrographic features of water masses at foraging depths, not mesoscale features observed near the surface. • Female southern elephant seals foraged mainly in Antarctic Intermediate Water. • The strongest habitat-association was with deep and cold subantarctic water. • The presence or absence of eddies was not predictive of foraging behavior or success. • Mesoscale features can affect depth of subantarctic water masses where elephant seals forage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

30. Seasonal variation in the physiological and behavioral responses to tourist visitation in Magellanic penguins.

Author

Villanueva, Cecilia, Walker, Brian George, and Bertellotti, Marcelo

Subjects
*MAGELLANIC penguin, *PENGUIN behavior, *SEASONAL physiological variations, *GLUCOCORTICOIDS, *CORTICOSTERONE, *TOURISM & the environment
Abstract

ABSTRACT Penguin colonies are highly visited worldwide. Although several studies have addressed how penguins behaviorally respond to tourist visitation at a point in time, nothing is known about their response across the entire breeding season. Furthermore, behavioral responses are driven by complex physiological processes and the basal physiological state of the individual might affect the way it responds to stimuli. To test the hypothesis that annual changes in corticosterone result from animals having different requirements for expressing (or not) the glucocorticoid-mediated behaviors at different times of the year in the context of tourist visitation, we examined circulating and stress-induced corticosterone in Magellanic penguins ( Spheniscus magellanicus) from non-visited areas from the San Lorenzo colony, Peninsula Valdes, Argentina across the breeding season. We also examined the behavioral responses of penguins to a pedestrian approach in tourist-visited and non-visited areas of the colony across the season. Our results showed that circulating levels of corticosterone did not vary across the season; however, stress-induced corticosterone was lowest during molt. Our behavioral results showed that penguins displayed different behavior responses at varying distances depending on the area (visited or non-visited) and stage in the season. Penguins in the tourist area were more tolerant to a human approach than penguins in the non-tourist area. During settlement and molt, penguins showed higher occurrence of behaviors related to self-survival (such as standing, moving farther into the nest, and fleeing), whereas during incubation and chick rearing, penguins displayed mostly a behavior associated with defense and vigilance (such as alternate head turns). Furthermore, penguins allowed a closer approach during incubation, but elicited a subsequent behavior quicker than in the rest of the stages, suggesting that they would be particularly sensitive in this stage. Overall, our results suggest that corticosterone release across the season is more associated with penguins' survival in an extreme environment than with behavioral regulation. From a conservation perspective, we identified that penguins were more sensitive to human approach during incubation, but also molt should be considered as a vulnerable stage because corticosterone secretion is suppressed. © 2014 The Wildlife Society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2014
Full Text
View/download PDF

31. The role of Sarcocornia perennis in the interstitial water salinization process

Author

Yanina Lorena Idaszkin, Eleonora Silvina Carol, and Maria del Pilar Alvarez

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, PENINSULA VALDES, Soil salinity, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Soil science, Aquatic Science, Oceanography, 01 natural sciences, Ciencias de la Tierra y relacionadas con el Medio Ambiente, Evapotranspiration, SALINIZATION, SALT MARSH, Water content, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Oceanografía, Hidrología, Recursos Hídricos, Geology, Salinity, Infiltration (hydrology), Salt marsh, Soil water, Environmental science, Groundwater, SARCOCORNIA PERENNIS, CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS
Abstract

In salt marshes, there seems to be a trade-off between the presence of plants and some abiotic factors. Inparticular, it was observed that while groundwater salinity conditions the plant distribution pattern in certainsalt marshes, it does not do so in others. In the salt marsh of Fracasso beach (Península Valdes, Argentina) thegroundwater has a higher salinity than the seawater. Previous studies have proposed that salinization is aconsequence of the concentration and/or precipitation of salts as a result of partial evaporation/evapotranspirationof the tidal water that floods the salt marsh. However, the role of vegetation in the salinization process hasnot been thoroughly studied so far; therefore, this research work aims to explore this relationship. To this end, 10soils samples with plants and 10 soil samples without plants were taken from the unsaturated zone in Fracassomarsh. At the laboratory, the soil samples were centrifuged to obtain the interstitial water to determine theelectrical conductivity, the concentration of chloride, and the isotopic composition. Also, texture and moisture content were determined. The results indicate that fine fraction and moisture contents were higher in the patches with plants than in those without plants. Conversely, electrical conductivity, chloride concentration and δ18O and δ2H values were higher in the interstitial water of the non-vegetated samples. These results indicate that in patches without plants, the evaporation process is higher than in patches with plants. The presence of low permeability soils reduces infiltration favouring the evaporation of tidal water. Under these conditions, the distribution of vegetation within the salt marsh plays an essential role in attenuating evaporation. S. perennis has a shadow effect that locally attenuates water evaporation causing the soil beneath the vegetation canopy to have less salinity than the adjacent soil without vegetation. Fil: Idaszkin, Yanina Lorena. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico. Instituto Patagónico para el Estudio de los Ecosistemas Continentales; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia "San Juan Bosco"; Argentina Fil: Carol, Eleonora Silvina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Centro de Investigaciones Geológicas. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. Centro de Investigaciones Geológicas; Argentina Fil: Alvarez, Maria del Pilar. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia "San Juan Bosco"; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico. Instituto Patagónico para el Estudio de los Ecosistemas Continentales; Argentina

Published
2020

32. Choosing what is left: the spatial structure of a wild herbivore population within a livestock-dominated landscape

Author

Maria de Los Milagros Antun and Ricardo Baldi

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Conservation Biology, lcsh:Medicine, 01 natural sciences, SPATIAL MODELS, purl.org/becyt/ford/1 [https], 010104 statistics & probability, Abundance (ecology), Grazing, Patagonia, HABITAT SELECTION, Anthropic factors, education.field_of_study, Ecology, LAMA GUANICOE, General Neuroscience, General Medicine, Habitat selection, SHEEP RANCHING, PATAGONIA, Geography, Habitat, Livestock, WILD AND DOMESTIC UNGULATES, General Agricultural and Biological Sciences, ANTHROPIC FACTORS, CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS, DISTRIBUTION AND ABUNDANCE, Population, Wildlife, 010603 evolutionary biology, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Ciencias Biológicas, PENÍNSULA VALDÉS, 0101 mathematics, education, purl.org/becyt/ford/1.6 [https], Herbivore, Population Biology, Distribution and abundance, business.industry, lcsh:R, Interspecific competition, Ecología, Spatial models, Península Valdes, Lama guanicoe, Sheep ranching, Wild and domestic ungulates, business, Zoology
Abstract

Shrublands and grasslands comprise over 30% of the land surface and are among the most exploited ecosystems for livestock production. Across natural landscapes, the distribution and abundance of wild herbivores are affected by interspecific competition for foraging resources, hunting and the development of infrastructure among other factors. In Argentine Patagonia, the abundance of domestic sheep grazing on native vegetation outnumbers the widely distributed guanaco (Lama guanicoe) and sheep ranching monopolizes the most productive lands. In this work, we aimed to assess the spatial variation in the abundance of guanacos in Península Valdés, a representative landscape of Patagonia, investigating the incidence of natural and human-related factors. We conducted ground surveys during the austral autumn in 2017 totaling 383.4 km along areas with and without sheep ranching. We built density surface models to account for the variation in guanaco abundance and obtained a map of guanaco density at a resolution of 4 km2. We estimated an overall density of 11.71 guanacos.km−2 for a prediction area of 3,196 km2, although the density of guanacos tripled in areas where sheep ranching was terminated(in around 20% of the surface of Península Valdés) compared to areas withsheep. Guanacos were more abundant at lower values of primary productivityand sheep stocking rates and further from inhabited ranch buildings, suggesting competition with sheep and conflict with humans. Although guanacos selected open, grass-dominated habitats across sheep-free sites, fences dividing properties and paddocks played a significant role in the spatial structure of their population in Península Valdés affecting negatively the abundance of guanacos. Our results indicate that actions to improve habitat connectivity for guanacos, favor the coexistence among guanacos and sheep ranching, and promote responsiblehuman activities and attitudes towards wildlife are needed. Fil: Antun, Maria de Los Milagros. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico. Instituto Patagónico para el Estudio de los Ecosistemas Continentales; Argentina Fil: Baldi, Ricardo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico. Instituto Patagónico para el Estudio de los Ecosistemas Continentales; Argentina

Published
2020

33. Tecnología cerámica en la localidad arqueológica San Pablo (Península Valdés, Provincia del Chubut, Argentina)

Author

Schuster, Verónica and Schuster, Verónica

Abstract

The present work brings new information to the studies already undertaken in the archaeological pottery of the northeast coast of Chubut. Its general objective is to characterize the variability, understand the role and estimate the chronology of this technology among the hunter-gatherer groups that implemented it. The results obtained from the techno-morphological and petrographic study carried out on the ceramic material recovered at the archaeological site of San Pablo in the Valdés Peninsula are presented on this occasion. The grade state of preservation, the particular contexts of some findings, morphological variability of certain specimens as well as the presence of a complete piece, allow progress in the interpretation and discussion of the manufacture and circulation of this technology in the region to circa 900 years ago., El presente trabajo aporta nueva información a los estudios ya emprendidos en la cerámica arqueológica de la costa noreste del Chubut, cuyo objetivo general es caracterizar la variabilidad, comprender el rol y estimar la antigüedad de esta tecnología entre las sociedades cazadoras-recolectoras que la implementaron. En esta oportunidad se presentan los resultados obtenidos del estudio tecno-morfológico y petrográfico efectuado al material cerámico recuperado en la localidad arqueológica San Pablo en la Península de Valdés. El buen estado de preservación, los contextos particulares de algunos hallazgos, la variabilidad morfológica de ciertos ejemplares, así como la presencia de una pieza completa, permiten avanzar en la interpretación y discusión de la manufactura y circulación de esta tecnología en la región hacia circa los 900 años AP.

Published
2019

34. Avistaje de elefantes marinos en Península Valdés, Argentina: Importancia y satisfacción desde la perspectiva de guías de turismo y turistas

Author

González, María Belén, Sapoznikow, Alexandra, and Lewis, Mirtha Noemi

Subjects
tourism perception, tourist satisfaction, southern elephant seals, turismo de naturaleza, percepciones en turismo, satisfacción turística, elefante marino del sur, Nature-based tourism, Peninsula Valdes, Península Valdés
Abstract

Resumen: El turismo de naturaleza ha tenido gran crecimiento en las últimas décadas. En Península Valdés, Argentina, Patrimonio Natural de la Humanidad, el turismo constituye una de las principales actividades económicas de la región basada en el avistaje de fauna marina. Entre las especies convocantes se encuentra elefante marino del sur (Mirounga leonina) que conforma la única colonia continental de la especie. El presente trabajo evaluó los intereses de dos grupos de actores sociales vinculados con la actividad turística (turistas y guías de turismo) y su percepción acerca del avistaje de elefantes marinos como recurso turístico. Se realizaron entrevistas estructuradas a guías y turistas y un taller de trabajo con guías. Ambos grupos coincidieron en que el avistaje de fauna es el principal motivo de la visita, siendo la ballena la especie que más interés genera, y el elefante marino ocupa un lugar secundario. La experiencia de observar a los elefantes marinos en su hábitat fue satisfactoria en los diferentes sitios de observación, siendo la distancia de observación y la cantidad de animales, factores decisivos en el grado de satisfacción. Por su tamaño, dimorfismo sexual y comportamiento, el elefante marino genera sensaciones de asombro e interés en los turistas y es un recurso importante para los guías durante una excursión regular. Sin embargo, no es suficientemente aprovechado como oportunidad para comunicar problemas de conservación de la especie o del ambiente marino. Los resultados son claves para diseñar futuras estrategias de manejo y planificación del turismo en Península Valdés y áreas adyacentes. Abstract: Nature-based tourism is increasing in recent decades. In Peninsula Valdes, Patagonia Argentina, Natural World Heritage area, the tourism is one of the main economic activities of the region, based on watching marine wildlife. The southern elephant seal (Mirounga leonina) colony in Peninsula Valdes is the only continental in the southern hemisphere. The objectives of this study were to evaluate two bout groups of social actors linked to tourism (tourists and tour guides) the interest and their perception a watching elephant seals. Structured interviews to tour guides and tourists were used and developed a workshop for tour guides. Both groups agreed that watching wildlife is the main goal for the visit, and the southern right whale is the species that generates more interest, whereas the elephant seal is secondary. The experience of watching seals in their habitat was satisfactory in the different observation areas, being observation distance and number of animals, decisive factors in tourist satisfaction. Due to size, sexual dimorphism and behavior that characterizes to elephant seal it generates feelings of wonder and curiosity to the visitors and is an important resource during the guided tour. However, it is not sufficiently exploited as an opportunity to communicate conservation problems of the species or the marine habitat. The results are key tool to designing future management and planning strategies of tourism in Peninsula Valdes and adjacent areas.

Published
2019

35. Species of Contracaecum Parasitizing the Magellanic Penguin Spheniscus magellanicus (Spheniscidae) from the Argentinean Coast

Author

Julia Inés Diaz, Lucas Garbin, and Graciela Teresa Navone

Subjects
Male, Contracaeceum spheniscus, Spheniscidae, Biología, Spheniscus magellanicus, ANISAKIDAE, 030308 mycology & parasitology, purl.org/becyt/ford/1 [https], Contracaecum pelagicum, Contracaecum mirounga, 0302 clinical medicine, SIBLING SPECIES, INTERLABIAL MORPHOLOGY, Parasite hosting, Zoología, Contracaecinae, Atlantic Ocean, SPHENISCIDAE, 0303 health sciences, biology, CAUDAL PAPILLAE, Zoología, Ornitología, Entomología, Etología, Río de la plata, Female, CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS, Interlabial morphology, Anisakidae, 030231 tropical medicine, Argentina, Zoology, Ciencias Biológicas, 03 medical and health sciences, PENÍNSULA VALDÉS, Sibling species, Ascaridoidea, Animals, purl.org/becyt/ford/1.6 [https], Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Host (biology), Bird Diseases, biology.organism_classification, Ascaridida Infections, Península valdés, Nematode, RÍO DE LA PLATA, Microscopy, Electron, Scanning, Parasitology, Caudal papillae, CONTRACAECINAE
Abstract

Anisakid nematodes have a worldwide distribution and are associated with fishes, birds, and marine mammals from freshwater, brackish, and marine systems. The aims of this work are to report for the first time Contracaecum mirounga parasitizing the Magellanic penguin Spheniscus magellanicus, to report another Contracaecum species in the same host species, and to discuss the validity of Contracaeceum spheniscus. Several dead chicks, juveniles, and adults of S. magellanicus were collected along the Argentinean coast from 2002 to 2009. Nematodes were removed from digestive tracts and studied using both light and scanning electron microscopy. Nematode prevalences were 2.38% for C. mirounga and 12.5% for Contracaecum sp. Contracaecum mirounga was found in 1 penguin from Peninsula Valdes, Chubut. This species is known as a specific parasite of marine mammals such as Pinnipedia, thereby suggesting that this nematode is not as specific as believed. Another species of Contracaecum sp. was found parasitizing 1 penguin from the Rio de la Plata coast. It possessed an unusual interlabial morphology and arrangement of male caudal papillae. Despite the low prevalence, the distinct morphological features are convincing and support the presence of a new Contracaecum species. However, a formal description is not presented because sufficient male specimens are lacking. Finally, C. spheniscus is considered a junior synonym of Contracaecum pelagicum. Future molecular studies might be helpful to determine the real diversity of Contracaecum species parasitizing S. magellanicus considering the number of sibling species recognized among the anisakids., Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo, Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores

Published
2019

36. Watching southern elephant seals in Peninsula Valdes, Argentina: Importance and satisfaction of the tour guide and tourist perspective

Author

Mirtha Noemi Lewis, María Belén González, and Alexandra Sapoznikow

Subjects
Geografía Económica y Social, CIENCIAS SOCIALES, Turismo de naturaleza, purl.org/becyt/ford/5 [https], Elefante marino del sur, percepciones en turismo, Ciencias Medioambientales, General Medicine, purl.org/becyt/ford/5.7 [https], Satisfacción turística, Península Valdés
Abstract

El turismo de naturaleza ha tenido gran crecimiento en las últimas décadas. En Península Valdés, Argentina, Patrimonio Natural de la Humanidad, el turismo constituye una de las principales actividades económicas de la región basada en el avistaje de fauna marina. Entre las especies convocantes se encuentra el elefante marino del sur (Mirounga leonina) que conforma la única colonia continental de la especie. El presente trabajo evaluó los intereses de dos grupos de actores sociales vinculados con la actividad turística (turistas y guías de turismo) y su percepción acerca del avistaje de elefantes marinos como recurso turístico. Se realizaron entrevistas estructuradas a guías y turistas y un taller de trabajo con guías. Ambos grupos coincidieron en que el avistaje de fauna es el principal motivo de la visita, siendo la ballena la especie que más interés genera, y el elefante marino ocupa un lugar secundario. La experiencia de observar a los elefantes marinos en su hábitat fue satisfactoria en los diferentes sitios de observación, siendo la distancia de observación y la cantidad de animales, factores decisivos en el grado de satisfacción.Por su tamaño, dimorfismo sexual y comportamiento, el elefante marino genera sensaciones de asombro e interés en los turistas y es un recurso importante para los guías durante una excursión regular. Sin embargo, no es suficientemente aprovechado como oportunidad para comunicar problemas de conservación de la especie o del ambiente marino. Los resultados son claves para diseñar futuras estrategias de manejo y planificación del turismo en Península Valdés y áreas adyacentes. Nature-based tourism is growingin the last decades. In Peninsula Valdés, Patagonia Argentina, Natural World Heritage area, the tourism is one of the main economic activities of the regionbased on watching marine wildlife. The southern elephant seal (Mirounga leonina) colony in Península Valdés is the only continental in the southern hemisphere. The objectives of this study were to evaluate fortwo groups of social actors linked to tourism (tourists and tour guides) the interestand perception of watching elephant seals. We used structured interviews to tour guides and tourists and developed a tour-guide workshop. Both groups agreed that watching wildlife is the main goal for the visit, and the southern right whale is the specie that causes moreinterest, while the elephant seal is secondary. The experience of watching seals in their habitat was satisfactory in all enabledobservation sites, and both observation distance and number of animals were decisive factors in tourist satisfaction. The size, sexual dimorphism and behavior that characterize to elephant seal produces surprise and curiosity to the visitors and arean important resource during the guided tour. However, it is not used by the guide as an opportunity to communicate conservation problems of species and themarine habitat. The results are key tool to design future management and planning strategies of tourism in Península Valdés and adjacent areas. Fil: González, María Belén. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico. Centro para el Estudio de Sistemas Marinos; Argentina Fil: Sapoznikow, Alexandra. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia "San Juan Bosco"; Argentina Fil: Lewis, Mirtha Noemi. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico. Centro para el Estudio de Sistemas Marinos; Argentina

Published
2019

37. Modeling the spatial structure of the endemic mara ( Dolichotis patagonum ) across modified landscapes

Author

Maria de Los Milagros Antun and Ricardo Baldi

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, PENINSULA VALDES, Conservation Biology, DISTRIBUTION AND ABUNDANCE, Species distribution, Distribution (economics), lcsh:Medicine, NATURAL AND ANTHROPIC FACTORS, DOLICHOTIS PATAGONUM, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Dolichotis patagonum, SPATIAL MODELS, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Predation, Ciencias Biológicas, purl.org/becyt/ford/1 [https], 010104 statistics & probability, Peninsula, Abundance (ecology), Patagonia, spatial models, 0101 mathematics, purl.org/becyt/ford/1.6 [https], geography.geographical_feature_category, biology, Ecology, Population Biology, business.industry, Distribution and abundance, General Neuroscience, lcsh:R, General Medicine, biology.organism_classification, Natural and anthropic factors, PATAGONIA, Geography, Habitat, Biogeography, Spatial variability, General Agricultural and Biological Sciences, business, CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS, Península Valdés, Conservación de la Biodiversidad
Abstract

Across modified landscapes, anthropic factors can affect habitat selection by animalsand consequently their abundance and distribution patterns. The study of thespatial structure of wild populations is crucial to gain knowledge on species? responseto habitat quality, and a key for the design and implementation of conservationactions. This is particularly important for a low-density and widely distributedspecies such as the mara (Dolichotis patagonum), a large rodent endemic toArgentina across the Monte and Patagonian drylands where extensive sheepranching predominates. We aimed to assess the spatial variation in the abundance ofmaras and to identify the natural and anthropic factors influencing the observedpatterns in Península Valdés, a representative landscape of Patagonia. We conductedground surveys during the austral autumn from 2015 to 2017. We built densitysurface models to account for the variation in mara abundance, and obtained a mapof mara density at a resolution of four km2. We estimated an overall density of0.93 maras.km-2for the prediction area of 3,476 km2. The location of ranchbuildings, indicators of human presence, had a strong positive effect on theabundance of maras, while the significant contribution of the geographic longitudesuggested that mara density increases with higher rainfall. Although humanpresence favored mara abundance, presumably by providing protection againstpredators, it is likely that the association could bring negative consequences for marasand other species. The use of spatial models allowed us to provide thefirstestimate of mara abundance at a landscape scale and its spatial variation at ahigh resolution. Our approach can contribute to the assessment of mara populationabundance and the factors shaping its spatial structure elsewhere across the speciesrange, all crucial attributes to identify and prioritize conservation actions Fil: Antun, Maria de Los Milagros. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico. Instituto Patagónico para el Estudio de los Ecosistemas Continentales; Argentina Fil: Baldi, Ricardo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico. Instituto Patagónico para el Estudio de los Ecosistemas Continentales; Argentina

Published
2019

38. The chemical analysis of the waters. Colonial science, exploration and survival in Valdés Peninsula at the end of the 18th century

Author

Bianchi Villelli, Marcia Eliana

Subjects
Siglo XVIII, Escorbuto, Aguas, Historia, Fuerte San José, Arqueología, Península Valdés
Abstract

Fil: Bianchi Villelli, Marcia. Universidad Nacional de Rio Negro. Instituto de Investigaciones en Diversidad cultural y Procesos de Cambio; Argentina Fil: Bianchi Villelli, Marcia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina In this work we present a documentary piece related to the Spanish colonization of the Patagonian coast at the end of the 18th Century. It is the report of the chemical analysis of waters, taken in Valdés Peninsula during the installation of San José Fort in 1779. We present the transcription of an unpublished document, followed by the lines of inquiry that come up: the method of water analysis and "translation" of the chemical elements mentioned. We contextualize the discussion in relation with the colonization of the territory and decision making about resources, the modernization of chemistry and its role in public health, specifically the importance of scorbut. This concurrence leads to the notoriety of Valdés Peninsula within the colonial scenery. En este trabajo presentamos una pieza documental relativa a la colonización española de la costa patagónica de fines del siglo XVIII. Es el informe sobre el análisis químico de aguas tomadas en península Valdés, durante la instalación del Fuerte San José en 1779. Se presenta la trascripción del documento inédito, seguido de las líneas de indagación que surgen del mismo: el método de análisis y “traducción” de elementos químicos mencionados. Asimismo, contextualizamos la discusión en relación con la colonización del territorio, la toma de decisiones sobre los recursos, la modernización de la química y su rol en la salud pública, en particular, la importancia del escorbuto. Esta concurrencia lleva a la notoriedad de península Valdés en el escenario colonial.

Published
2018

39. Faecal analysis of southern right whales (Eubalaena australis) in Península Valdés calving ground, Argentina: Calanus australis, a key prey species

Author

Mariana Degrati, Valeria Carina D'agostino, and Monica Susana Hoffmeyer

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, CALANUS AUSTRALIS, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Eubalaena australis, Otras Ciencias Biológicas, NORTH PATAGONIAN GULFS, Ice calving, EUBALAENA AUSTRALIS, FEEDING, Aquatic Science, Biology, 01 natural sciences, Zooplankton, Predation, Ciencias Biológicas, COPEPOD, RIGHT WHALES, biology.animal, CALVING GROUND, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Trophic level, Ecology, Whale, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Plankton, biology.organism_classification, PENÍNSULA VALDÉS, MANDIBULAR GNATHOBASES, CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS, Copepod
Abstract

Península Valdés (PV) is the most austral calving ground for the SW Atlantic population of Eubalaena australis. Recent studies indicate that E. australis often feeds in PV mainly in late September and October. A microscopic analysis of food chitin remains found in five whale faeces was performed in the present study in an attempt to obtain baseline knowledge about trophic ecology and degree of use of plankton food available for whales in PV during spring (September-December). The remains in faeces from stranded and live individuals included copepods, other zooplankton and centric diatoms, all of which were characterized. Copepod remains were found to be dominant. Scanning electron and confocal laser scanning microscopes were used for comparative analyses between the mandibular gnathobases found in whale faeces and those obtained from preserved specimens. Mandibular gnathobases were the same in structure and morphometry as those obtained from preserved Calanus australis (copepodites 4-6). The positive relationship observed between the total length and width of the mandibular gnathobases edge of C. australis and those found in faeces allowed us to infer the developmental stages of the copepods ingested by E. australis. Our results indicate - for the first time - the relevant role of C. australis copepodite 5 as main prey for E. australis in PV during the calving season. Copepodite 5 of C. australis accumulates energy-rich lipids. This is energetically attractive for whales and it is the potential reason why E. australis feeds mainly on dense patches dominated by this developmental stage of C. australis. Fil: D'agostino, Valeria Carina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Nacional Patagónico; Argentina Fil: Hoffmeyer, Monica Susana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía; Argentina. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional. Facultad Regional Bahía Blanca; Argentina Fil: Degrati, Mariana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Nacional Patagónico; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia; Argentina

Published
2015

40. The southwestern Atlantic southern right whale, Eubalaena australis, population is growing but at a decelerated rate

Author

Crespo, Enrique Alberto, Pedraza, Susana Noemi, Dans, Silvana Laura, Svendsen, Guillermo, Degrati, Mariana, and Coscarella, Mariano Alberto

Subjects
Ciencias Biológicas, PENÍNSULA VALDÉS, SOUTHERN RIGHT WHALES, POPULATION TREND, EUBALAENA AUSTRALIS, SOUTHWESTERN ATLANTIC, CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS, RATE OF INCREASE, Conservación de la Biodiversidad
Abstract

This paper reports on aerial surveys conducted to estimate the relative abundance and trend in growth of the southern right whale (Eubalaena australis) population from Península Valdés. The number of whales counted tripled from 1999 to 2016. We modeled the number of whales, the number of calves, the number of solitary individuals and the number of individuals in breeding groups using as predictive variables the year, Julian day, and Julian day2 by means of generalized linear models. The rate of increase decreased from near 7% in 2007 to 0.06% and 2.30% for total number of whales and number of calves, respectively for 2016. Trends in the rates of increase for total number of whales and number of calves were negative (−0.732% and −0.376%, respectively). The habitat use of the whales changed along the years, with mothers and calves using more heavily the near‐shore strip, resulting in a decreasing trend for solitary individuals and breeding groups in near‐shore waters. We conclude that whales are still increasing their abundance, while the rate of increase is decreasing. Differences in the rates of increase of the group types and changes in habitat use are thought to be the consequence of a density‐dependence process. Fil: Crespo, Enrique Alberto. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico. Centro para el Estudio de Sistemas Marinos; Argentina Fil: Pedraza, Susana Noemi. Universidad Nacional de Tierra del Fuego, Antártida e Islas del Atlántico Sur. Instituto de Ciencias Polares, Ambientales y Recursos Naturales; Argentina Fil: Dans, Silvana Laura. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico. Centro para el Estudio de Sistemas Marinos; Argentina Fil: Svendsen, Guillermo. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Centro de Investigación Aplicada y Transferencia Tecnológica en Recursos Marinos "Almirante Storni". - Provincia de Río Negro. Ministerio de Agricultura, Ganadería y Pesca. Centro de Investigación Aplicada y Transferencia Tecnológica en Recursos Marinos "Almirante Storni". Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet Centro Nacional Patagónico. Centro de Investigación Aplicada y Transferencia Tecnológica en Recursos Marinos "Almirante Storni"; Argentina Fil: Degrati, Mariana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico. Centro para el Estudio de Sistemas Marinos; Argentina Fil: Coscarella, Mariano Alberto. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico. Centro para el Estudio de Sistemas Marinos; Argentina

Published
2018

41. Spatial structure of populations of guanacos, lesser rheas and maras in an arid socio-ecosystem. The influence of habitat and sheep ranching in Península Valdés

Author

Antun, Maria de Los Milagros, Baldi, Ricardo, Bisigato, Alejandro, and Bisigato, Alejandro Jorge

Subjects
Wild herbivores, PENINSULA VALDES, ESTIMACIONES DE ABUNDANCIA, ABUNDANCE ESTIMATIONS, DENSITY SURFACE MODELS, ESTRUCTURA ESPACIAL, WILD HERVIBORES, Ciencias Biológicas, PATAGONIA, Herbívoros silvestres, HERBIVOROS SILVESTRES, MODELOS DE SUPERFICIE DE DENSIDAD, SPATIAL STRUCTURE, CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS, Península Valdés, Conservación de la Biodiversidad
Abstract

Se estudió la estructura espacial de poblaciones de herbívoros silvestres -guanacos, choiques y maras- en Península Valdés (PV), Provincia de Chubut. Se utilizaron modelos que dan cuenta de la variación en la abundancia de las especies estudiadas, evaluando los factores naturales y antrópicos que los afectan, y analizando los patrones de co-ocurrencia y segregación entre los herbívoros silvestres y el ovino doméstico, en el área de estudio.Guanacos, choiques y maras conforman el ensamble de grandes herbívoros nativos de amplia distribución en la Patagonia árida. La estructura espacial de sus poblaciones responde a factores propios de cada especie, las características del hábitat y los procesos ecológicos que afectaron su distribución y abundancia histórica. Hacia fines del siglo XIX, comenzó la introducción de ovinos domésticos en la Patagonia árida, y con ello la producción ganadera. La introducción de millones de cabezas de ganado, pastoreando sobre la vegetación nativa, resultó en un disturbio de gran magnitud para el hábitat y para las poblaciones de herbívoros silvestres. Las características geográficas y ecológicas de PV, así como su importancia para la conservación -es Patrimonio Natural de la Humanidad (UNESCO) con recursos manejados (categoría VI IUCN)- y para la economía regional, la hacen relevante para analizar la estructura espacial del ensamble de herbívoros silvestres, e identificar los factores que la modelan en una matriz de producción ganadera.Se realizaron relevamientos terrestres por línea de marcha a lo largo de más de mil km de iirutas y caminos secundarios en PV, entre marzo y mayo de 2015, 2016 y 2017. Se obtuvieron y definieron variables naturales y antrópicas para el área de estudio. Posteriormente se construyeron Modelos de Superficie de Densidad (MSD) y Modelos Nulos (MN) para evaluar la estructura espacial de cada especie.Se obtuvieron estimaciones de abundancia de guanacos, maras, choiques y ovinos en PV con una resolución de 4 km2. Valores intermedios y altos de NDVI (entre 0,07 y 0,2) -correlato de la productividad primaria- se asociaron con una disminución en las abundancias de guanacos y choiques. Entre las variables antrópicas, la proximidad a viviendas habitadas tuvo un fuerte efecto negativo sobre la abundancia de guanacos y positivo en maras, mientras que la cercanía a los alambrados afectó de forma negativa la abundancia de choiques. El guanaco presentó segregación espacial con el ovino, mientras que la mara mostró un patrón de agregación con el choique.Esta tesis contribuye al conocimiento de los mecanismos y variables que modelan la estructura espacial del ensamble de herbívoros nativos de la Patagonia árida, en un área relevante para la conservación y la economía de la región que depende del turismo atraído por la diversidad biológica y de la actividad ganadera. Al mismo tiempo, implica la incorporación de herramientas metodológicas que permiten un análisis exhaustivo de la variación en abundancia de las especies estudiadas. Los resultados obtenidos mediante la aplicación de MSD y MN, sugieren que es importante incorporar estas herramientas para extender las investigaciones a otras áreas de la región, así como para monitorear respuestas a acciones de manejo y conservación de las poblaciones silvestres. The spatial structure of wild-herbivore populations -guanacos, lesser rheas and maras- was studied in Península Valdés (PV), Chubut Province. Models accounting for the variation in the abundance of the studied species were used to assess the natural and anthropogenic factors involved, and to analyze the co-occurrence and segregation patterns between the wild herbivores and the domestic sheep in the study area. Guanacos, lesser rheas and maras make up the assemblage of large native herbivores widely distributed across the arid Patagonia. The spatial structure of their populations responds both to species-specific factors, habitat characteristics and the ecological processes affecting their distribution and abundance. The domestic sheep was introduced in Patagonia by the end of the 19th century. Within a few decades, millions of sheep were grazing on the native vegetation, resulting in a major disturbance for the habitat and for the populations of wild herbivores. The geographic and ecological characteristics of PV, its importance for conservation -it is a Natural World Heritage Site (UNESCO) with managed resources (category VI IUCN)- and for the regional economy, are all relevant factors at the time to analyze the spatial structure of wild herbivores populations within a matrix of livestock production. Ground line transect surveys were carried out along more than one thousand km of roads and secondary tracks in PV, between March and May of 2015, 2016 and 2017. After both natural and anthropogenic variables were obtained and defined for the study area, Density Surface Models (MSD) and Null Models (MN) were constructed to evaluate the spatial structure of each species. Results of abundance of guanacos, maras, lesser rheas and sheep were obtained for PV at a resolution of 4 km2. Intermediate and high NDVI values (between 0,07 and 0,2) -a correlate of primary productivity- were associated with a decrease in the abundances of guanacos and lesser rheas. Between the anthropic variables, the proximity to ranch buildings had a strong negative effect on guanacos, although positive in the abundance of maras, while the proximity to the nearest fence implied a negative effect on the abundance of lesser rheas. Guanacos showed spatial segregation with sheep, while maras showed a pattern of aggregation with lesser rheas. This thesis contributes to the knowledge of the mechanisms and variables that model the spatial structure of the assemblage of native herbivores in the arid Patagonia, within a site of a high relevance for conservation and for the regional economy that depends on the livestock activity and also on the tourism attracted by biological diversity. Also, this work integrates methodological tools that allow a thorough analysis of the spatial variation in the abundance of the selected species. The results obtained through the application of MSD and MN suggest that it is important to incorporate these tools to extend the research to other areas in the region, and to monitor responses to management and conservation actions of wild populations. Fil: Antun, Maria de Los Milagros. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico. Instituto Patagónico para el Estudio de los Ecosistemas Continentales; Argentina

Published
2018

42. Organochlorine pesticides and PCBs in Southern Right Whales (Eubalaena australis) breeding at Península Valdés, Argentina

Author

Karina S.B. Miglioranza, Pablo J. Torres, Marcela Uhart, Mariana Gonzalez, and M.G. Commendatore

Subjects
Environmental Engineering, Heptachlor Epoxide, Eubalaena australis, Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene, South West Atlantic, Biology, DDT, Ciencias de la Tierra y relacionadas con el Medio Ambiente, chemistry.chemical_compound, Dieldrin, Animal science, Blubber, Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated, Animals, Environmental Chemistry, PCBs, Pesticides, Waste Management and Disposal, Endosulfan, Southern Right Whales, Whales, Pesticide, biology.organism_classification, Polychlorinated Biphenyls, Bioaccumulation, Pollution, Fishery, chemistry, Ciencias Medioambientales, OCPs, Female, Lindane, Hexachlorocyclohexane, Water Pollutants, Chemical, CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS, Environmental Monitoring, Península Valdés
Abstract

Organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were assessed in blubber from 35 dead Southern Right Whales (SRW — Eubalaena australis) stranded at Península Valdés, Argentina. The life cycle includes a feeding period in high productivity areas of the South West Atlantic and a reproductive period in coastal template waters of Argentina. Organochlorine pesticides showed higher concentrations (22.6 ± 13.8 ng·g− 1 ww) than PCBs (7.5 ± 10 ng·g− 1 ww). Among pesticides, HCHs, DDTs, endosulfans, dieldrin, chlordans, heptachlor epoxide, and trans-nonachlor were detected. p,p′-DDE and p,p′-DDT were present in 69% and 26% of samples, respectively. p,p′-DDT/p,p′-DDE ratio showed low values (< 0.33) as a result of aged DDT inputs. However, the occurrence of only p,p′-DDT in some samples suggests a recent pesticide input. α-HCH/γ-HCH ratio (< DL-0.37) indicated no recent contribution of technical HCH mixture and/or current use of lindane. Dieldrin was present in 77% of the samples and endosulfan was detected in all samples with predominance of α- (75%) over β-endosulfan (19%) and scarce contribution of endosulfan sulphate (7%), suggesting a recent input of this insecticide to the environment in the SRW foraging area. A predominance of pentachlorobiphenyls was observed. In 21 samples at least one PCB indicator was found and PCB #118, highly toxic, contributed in 5% to total PCBs. Although all these organochlorine compounds are forbidden they were bioaccumulated in the blubber of SRW with a predominance of endosulfans, the more recently used pesticide. The absence of data on chemical pollutants in stranded dead whales is highlighted as a priority for research. This is the first study on levels, compositional patterns, and organochlorine sources in SRW. Moreover, more research including milk, and other tissues/organs is recommended considered that in the studied specimens, mostly calves, pollutants are likely transferred from the mother during pregnancy and nursing. Fil: Torres, Pablo Javier. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina Fil: Miglioranza, Karina Silvia Beatriz. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencia Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina Fil: Uhart, M. M.. University Of California At Davis. School Of Veterinary Medicine; Estados Unidos Fil: Gonzalez, Mariana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencia Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina Fil: Commendatore, Marta Graciela. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico; Argentina

Published
2015

43. Anthropogenic debris in the digestive tract of a southern right whale (Eubalaena australis) stranded in Golfo Nuevo, Argentina.

Author

Alzugaray, L., Di Martino, M., Beltramino, L., Rowntree, V.J., Sironi, M., and Uhart, M.M.

Subjects
ALIMENTARY canal, WHALES, PLASTIC scrap, GASTROINTESTINAL contents, ANIMAL mortality
Abstract

Over the past fifty years, interactions between anthropogenic debris and a wide range of marine species have increased. In cetaceans, the most frequent interactions have occurred through ingestion and/or entanglement, with results ranging from minor injuries to death in affected animals. While debris ingestion is widely documented in odontocetes, records are scarcer in mysticetes. This study describes the finding of plastic litter in the digestive tract of a southern right whale (Eubalaena australis) juvenile male, which was found dead on the shores of Golfo Nuevo, Chubut, Argentina in 2014. During the examination of intestinal contents, anthropogenic waste was found and classified as macro-debris (25 mm-1 m). Although this whale likely died of causes not related to this finding, it is the first record of anthropogenic debris ingestion for this species. This event adds information about the potential impact of human-made debris on a variety of aquatic species and ecosystems. • First report of anthropogenic debris ingestion by a southern right whale • Contributes knowledge on plastic waste prevalence in marine ecosystems • Reinforces the need to change human behavior to eliminate pollution at its source [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
Full Text
View/download PDF

44. Small, medium and large-sized: so are the terrestrial mammals

Author

D'agostino, Romina Laura and Udrizar Sauthier, Daniel Edgardo

Subjects
purl.org/becyt/ford/1 [https], PATAGONIA, PENÍNSULA VALDÉS, ABUNDANCIA RELATIVA, CONSERVACIÓN, purl.org/becyt/ford/1.6 [https], MAMÍFEROS NATIVOS
Abstract

En el presente capítulo se dan a conocer las especies de mamíferos terrestres que habitan la Reserva de Vida Silvestre San Pablo de Valdés (RSPV), provincia de Chubut, Argentina, los ambientes que ocupan y su abundancia relativa. Los métodos utilizados fueron: trampeos de micromamíferos, transectas diurnas pedestres, transectas vehiculares nocturnas, trampas de huellas, cámaras trampa y registros ocasionales. En la RSPV y en estancias linderas se registraron 22 especies de mamíferos terrestres nativos. Las especies más comunes fueron la laucha sedosacolilarga (Eligmodontia typus), la mara (Dolichotis patagonum) y el zorro gris (Lycalopex gymnocercus). Solo resta confirmar una especie, el moloso común (Tadarida brasiliensis) de las 23 reportadas para la Península Valdés. Esta situación posiciona a la RSPV como un área importante para la conservación de este grupo de animales en el noreste de la provincia de Chubut. Fil: D'agostino, Romina Laura. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico. Instituto Patagónico para el Estudio de los Ecosistemas Continentales; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales. Sede Puerto Madryn; Argentina Fil: Udrizar Sauthier, Daniel Edgardo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico. Instituto Patagónico para el Estudio de los Ecosistemas Continentales; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales. Sede Puerto Madryn; Argentina

Published
2017

45. Comunidad intermareal y aves playeras de Playa Colombo

Author

Bala, Luis Oscar, Hernández, María de Los Angeles, Musmeci, Luciana Raquel, Udrizar Sauthier, Daniel Edgardo, Pazos, Gustavo Enrique, and Arias, Alejandro Manuel

Subjects
purl.org/becyt/ford/1 [https], purl.org/becyt/ford/1.5 [https], RESERVA SAN PABLO DE VALDÉS, PENINSULA VALDÉS, MONITOREO, CONSERVACIÓN
Abstract

Esta obra resume los trabajos que reflejan la evolución del área protegida Reserva San Pablo de Valdés, luego de 10 años de la extracción del ganado ovino. Se muestras los resultados de monitoreos que siguieron los procesos naturales de los diferentes comunidades y ambientes de este campo.El capítulo resume la evolución de las poblaciones de aves playeras y la comunidad de invertebrados bentónicos que les sirven de sustento trófico de playa Colombo, costa de la reserva. Fil: Bala, Luis Oscar. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico. Instituto de Diversidad y Evolución Austral; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia "San Juan Bosco"; Argentina. Academia Nacional de Ciencias de Buenos Aires; Argentina Fil: Hernández, María de Los Angeles. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia "San Juan Bosco"; Argentina Fil: Musmeci, Luciana Raquel. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia "San Juan Bosco"; Argentina. Fundacion Patagonia Natural; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico. Centro para el Estudio de Sistemas Marinos; Argentina

Published
2017

46. Introduction : geographic context, history and management for conservation

Author

Arias, Alejandro M., Pazos, Gustavo Enrique, Udrizar Sauthier, Daniel Edgardo, Udrizar Sauthier, Daniel Edgardo, Pazos, Gustavo Enrique, Arias, Alejandro M., and Podestá, Darío Hector

Subjects
PLAN DE MANEJO, VS, Otras Ciencias de la Tierra y relacionadas con el Medio Ambiente, GEOGRAPHY, CRÓNICA DE CREACIÓN, Ciencias de la Tierra y relacionadas con el Medio Ambiente, purl.org/becyt/ford/1 [https], PENÍNSULA VALDÉS, purl.org/becyt/ford/1.5 [https], MANAGEMENT PLAN, CHRONICLE OF FOUNDATION, GEOGRAFÍA, MONITOREO, MONITORING, CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS
Abstract

Este capítulo tiene la intención de brindar una introducción al libro. Aquí se reseñan algunas características de la reserva, como su ubicación geográfica, su historia, el proceso de adquisición por parte de la Fundación Vida Silvestre Argentina y su devenir en la actual reserva de vida silvestre que hoy es orgullo de quienes tenemos el privilegio de trabajar en ella. Se culmina con la presentación de la estructura y contenido de los diferentes capítulos que componen esta obra. This chapter is intended to provide an introduction to the book. Here we outline some features of the reserve, such as its geographical location, history, the acquisition process by the Fundación Vida Silvestre Argentina, and how it became the current wildlife reserve that makes those of us who have the privilege of working at it feel proud. It ends with the presentation of the structure and content of the different chapters that make up this book. Fil: Arias, Alejandro M.. Fundacion Vida Silvestre Argentina; Argentina Fil: Pazos, Gustavo Enrique. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico. Instituto Patagónico para el Estudio de los Ecosistemas Continentales; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales. Sede Puerto Madryn; Argentina Fil: Udrizar Sauthier, Daniel Edgardo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico. Instituto Patagónico para el Estudio de los Ecosistemas Continentales; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales. Sede Puerto Madryn; Argentina

Published
2017

47. Land birds: species checklist and ecological aspects

Author

Krapovickas, Santiago, Gatto, Alejandro Javier, Lorenzo, Rafael S., Fernández, Cynthia, Udrizar Sauthier, Daniel Edgardo, Pazos, Gustavo Enrique, Arias, Alejandro M., and Podestá, Darío Hector

Subjects
purl.org/becyt/ford/1 [https], PENINSULA VALDES, SAN PABLO DE VALDES, Ciencias Biológicas, RESERVA DE VIDA SILVESTRE, purl.org/becyt/ford/1.6 [https], CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS, CONSERVACION, Conservación de la Biodiversidad
Abstract

Muestreamos la avifauna terrestre de la Reserva de Vida Silvestre San Pablo de Valdés mediante “conteos de puntos” periódicos, entre 2009 y 2014, para detectar tendencias en los ensambles asociadas a la exclusión del ganado. Registramos 48 especies, de las cuales 22 son residentes. Observamos 18 migrantes australes del Neotrópico (15 de la estación cálida y tres de la fría). La lista de especies comprende el 30% de las citadas para la Península Valdés. El Canastero Patagónico y el Cacholote Pardo, endemismos del país, se reproducen en el lugar. El Choique (categoría “Amenazado”) y otras cuatro especies que registramos frecuentemente se consideran aves con problemas de conservación en la Argentina. La primavera es la estación con mayor riqueza y diversidad. La densidad de Passeriformes en la primavera fluctuó entre 50 y 100 indiv/km2. La abundancia y la riqueza fueron máximas en la estepa arbustiva-herbácea y mínimas en la estepa herbácea. Observamos primero un aumento y luego una disminución de la abundancia general y la riqueza a lo largo de los años. Sugerimos que esta variación está asociada con cambios en los hábitats provocados primero por la exclusión del ganado y luego por el aumento de la densidad de herbívoros silvestres. We sampled the terrestrial avifauna of Reserva de Vida Silvestre San Pablo de Valdés by means of periodical point-counts, between 2009 and 2014, to detect trends in the assemblages associated with the exclusion of livestock. We recorded 48 species, 22 of which are residents. We observed 18 Neotropical austral migrants (15 corresponding to the warm season and three to the cold season). The list of species includes 30% of those recorded in the Peninsula Valdes. Breeding endemics, Patagonian Canastero and White-throated Cacholote, were found breeding in the area. The Lesser Rhea (nationally “Threatened”) and four other species are considered birds with conservation concerns in Argentina. Spring is the season with the highest species richness and diversity. The density of passerines in spring fluctuated between 50 and 100 indiv/km2. The abundance and richness were highest in the shrub-grass steppe and minimum in the grass steppe. We observed first an increase and then a decline in overall abundance and richness over the years. We suggest that this variation is associated with habitat changes caused first by the exclusion of sheep and then by the increase in density of wild herbivores. Fil: Krapovickas, Santiago. Aves Argentinas; Argentina Fil: Gatto, Alejandro Javier. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico. Centro para el Estudio de Sistemas Marinos; Argentina Fil: Lorenzo, Rafael S.. Fundación Vida Silvestre; Argentina Fil: Fernández, Cynthia. Universidad de Vigo; España

Published
2017

48. Terrestrial arthropods. Their rol as environmental indicators

Author

Cheli, German Horacio, Martínez, Fernando Joaquín, Udrizar Sauthier, Daniel Edgardo, Pazos, Gustavo Enrique, and Arias, Alejandro M.

Subjects
PENINSULA VALDES, GRAZING, PASTOREO, INSECTS, Zoología, Ornitología, Entomología, Etología, Ecología, INSECTOS, ARACHNIDS, ENVIRONMENTAL HETEROGENEITY, purl.org/becyt/ford/1 [https], HETEROGENEIDAD AMBIENTAL, Ciencias Biológicas, ARACNIDOS, purl.org/becyt/ford/1.6 [https], CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS, Conservación de la Biodiversidad
Abstract

Los artrópodos son esenciales para los ecosistemas áridos. Su principal amenaza es la pérdida de hábitat. Es valioso analizar su dinámica espacial en función de factores ambientales porque permiten predecir cambios en la biodiversidad. Así la Reserva de Vida Silvestre San Pablo de Valdés (RSPV) constituye un sitio único para estudiar cómo los artrópodos interactúan con la heterogeneidad ambiental natural y con el principal disturbio antrópico de la región, el pastoreo ovino. En este trabajo se describe la comunidad de artrópodos en la RSPV y se resalta su importancia como indicadores de cambio ambiental. Utilizando trampas de caída se colectaron más de 30000 artrópodos pertenecientes a 17 órdenes y 61 familias. Se demostró que estos artrópodos son sensibles a los cambios ambientales mediados por la heterogeneidad ambiental natural y por el pastoreo. Los principales indicadores de estos cambios son alteraciones en sus abundancias, riqueza y diversidad, que determinan diferentes ensambles tanto a niveles supraespecífico como de especie. Dada la relevancia que tienen los artrópodos en el funcionamiento ecosistémico, su sensibilidad a cambios en el hábitat y el bajo costo económico de su muestreo, se postula a estos organismos como buenos objetos de conservación, sugiriéndose su inclusión en futuros planes de manejo y monitoreo de Península Valdés Arthropods are essential for arid ecosystems. Due to their habitat fidelity, habitat loss represents their main threat. Therefore, it is valuable to analyze their spatial dynamics in relation to environmental factors because these could predict early changes in biodiversity. In this context, the Reserva de Vida Silvestre San Pablo de Valdés (RSPV) is a unique place to study how arthropods interact with both, the natural environmental heterogeneity and sheep grazing, which is the main anthropogenic disturbance in the region. This chapter describes the arthropod community of RSPV and emphasizes their importance as environmental change indicators. Using pitfall traps, we collected over 30000 arthropods belonging to 17 orders and 61 families. We demonstrated that arthropods in the RSPV are sensitive to habitat changes caused by both natural environmental heterogeneity and grazing. The most important indicators of such changes are variations in abundance, richness and diversity, which determine different assemblages at both specific and supraspecific levels. Given the relevance of arthropods for the functioning of arid ecosystems, their sensitivity to habitat changes and the low sampling costs, we postulate these organisms as good conservation targets in Península Valdés, and suggest their inclusion into future management and monitoring plans within the region. Fil: Cheli, German Horacio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico. Instituto Patagónico para el Estudio de los Ecosistemas Continentales; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia "San Juan Bosco"; Argentina Fil: Martínez, Fernando Joaquín. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico. Instituto Patagónico para el Estudio de los Ecosistemas Continentales; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia "San Juan Bosco"; Argentina

Published
2017

49. Lesser rheas monitoring

Author

Fernández, Cynthia, Geremias Toscano, Nadia Belén, Marino, Andrea Ivana, Udrizar Sauthier, Daniel Edgardo, Pazos, Gustavo Enrique, and Arias, Alejandro M.

Subjects
Ciencias Biológicas, purl.org/becyt/ford/1 [https], DENSIDAD, PENÍNSULA VALDÉS, DISTRIBUTION, CONSERVATION, DISTRIBUCIÓN, RHEA PENNATA, ABUNDANCE, Ecología, purl.org/becyt/ford/1.6 [https], CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS, CONSERVACION
Abstract

Dentro del Área Natural Protegida Península Valdés la ubicación de la Reserva de Vida Silvestre San Pablo de Valdés (RVSSPV) coincide con las zonas de mayor presencia de choiques constituyendo, por lo tanto, un sitio clave para su conservación. La especie está catalogada como amenazada a nivel local y sus poblaciones naturales se encuentran fragmentadas y en disminución. La densidad estimada para la Reserva fue de 0.8 (+-0.18) individuos/Km2 lo cual representa el mayor valor de abundancia para la especie en Península Valdés. La presencia del choique en la RVSSPV no sugiere una relación directa con la disponibilidad forrajera y parece estar principalmente influenciada por un bajo impacto de actividades antropogénicas. Esta información refuerza la importancia del desarrollo de programas de monitoreo continuos para conocer el estado de las poblaciones naturales, identificar los impactos provocados por diversas actividades y establecer las bases de una gestión adecuada para la protección de los hábitats que garanticen su conservación. In Península Valdés (PV), the Reserva de Vida Silvestre San Pablo de Valdés is located within the area of the highest occurrence of lesser rheas (Rhea pennata pennata), constituting a key site for its conservation. The species is listed as threatened in Argentina and their natural populations are fragmented and declining. The monitoring of lesser rheas in the RSPV was started in 2010 in order to obtain basic data that allows knowing the activity of the species in the area and to estimate its abundance. The estimated total density in RSPV for the 2010-2014 monitoring period was 0.8 individuals/km2 (SE: 0.18), which represents the highest value of abundance for the species in PV. The presence of lesser rheas in the RSPV does not suggest a direct relationship with the availability of feeding resources and seems to be mainly influenced by a low impact of anthropogenic activities. This information reinforces the importance of developing continuous monitoring programs to know the condition of natural populations, identify the impacts of different activities, and establish the basis for a proper management for habitat protection to ensure their conservation. Fil: Fernández, Cynthia. Universidad de Vigo; España Fil: Geremias Toscano, Nadia Belén. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales. Sede Puerto Madryn; Argentina Fil: Marino, Andrea Ivana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico. Instituto Patagónico para el Estudio de los Ecosistemas Continentales; Argentina

Published
2017

50. Primeros estudios arqueobotánicos en Península de Valdés (Patagonia Argentina): el sitio San Pablo 6

Author

Caruso, Laura Lihue and Gomez Otero, Julieta

Subjects
Historia y Arqueología, HUMANIDADES, purl.org/becyt/ford/6 [https], arqueobotánica, Holoceno tardío final, cazadores-recolectores, recursos leñosos, purl.org/becyt/ford/6.1 [https], Historia, Península Valdés
Abstract

El análisis del material recuperado en el sitio San Pablo 6 representa el inicio de los estudios arqueobotánicos en Península Valdés (prov. Chubut, Argentina) ya que hasta la actualidad no se han llevado a cabo estudios de estas características en esta zona de la Patagonia. En este trabajo se presentan los primeros datos sobre el uso de los recursos leñosos por sociedades cazadoras-recolectoras que habitaron un sector de la costa del Golfo Nuevo de la Península Valdés. Las cuatro especies representadas en el diagrama antracológico de San Pablo 6 -Atriplex lampa, Suaeda divaricata, Chuquiraga avellanedae y Schinus johnstonii- sugieren que la obtención del material leñoso podría haberse dado en formaciones vegetales de tipo estepario, similares a las que actualmente caracterizan el ambiente donde se localiza el sitio. Los resultados alcanzados evidencian un uso heterogéneo y local del material leñoso destinado a la combustión. The analysis of the recovered material of the San Pablo 6 site represents the beginning of the archaeobotanical studies in Península Valdés (Chubut province, Argentina). There has no any other study of these characteristics in Patagonia until now. This paper shows the first data of the use of wood resources by the hunter-gatherer societies that inhabit a coastal fringe of the Golfo Nuevo of Península Valdés. The four species represented in the anthracological diagram of San Pablo 6 -Atriplex lampa, Suaeda divaricata, Chuquiraga avellanedae and Schinus johnstonii- suggest that the woody material obtaining would have develop in steppe formation, similar to those that characterize nowadays the site ́s environment. The results show a heterogeneous and local use of the wood material destined to combustion. Fil: Caruso, Laura Lihue. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico; Argentina. Istituto Per La Valorizzazione Del Legno E Delle Specie Arboree; Italia Fil: Gomez Otero, Julieta. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico. Instituto de Diversidad y Evolución Austral; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia; Argentina

Published
2016

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results