16 results on '"Peter Haggett"'
Search Results
2. Global Origins and Dispersals
- Author
-
Matthew Smallman-Raynor, Andrew Cliff, Keith Ord, and Peter Haggett
- Abstract
‘Global Origins and Dispersals’ addresses two key questions. First, how do epidemic diseases emerge and can their geographical origins be traced to any particular part of the world? Second, why do more infectious diseases appear to be emerging in recent decades and how far does this crudescence relate to the unprecedented changes in the global environment? The examination covers factors that, inter alia, have tended to increase the geographical scale of disease cycles, including the growth and relocation of the human population, globalization and the collapse of geographical space, and environmental changes associated with land use and climate change and variability. The origin and the spread of newly emerging infectious diseases are illustrated with reference to recent international epidemics of ‘bird flu’ associated with the avian influenza A (H5N1) virus, severe acute respiratory syndrome, and Ebola virus disease in West Africa (2013–16). more...
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
Catalog
3. Epidemics in Small Communities
- Author
-
Matthew Smallman-Raynor, Andrew Cliff, Keith Ord, and Peter Haggett
- Abstract
‘Epidemics in Small Communities’ develops an understanding of the ways in which an infection can achieve community circulation in small geographical areas. It begins by examining the local disease records of two doctors in general practice in the United Kingdom (William Pickles of Wensleydale and Edgar Hope-Simpson of Cirencester) to shed light on the processes whereby individual cases of diseases, such as measles and influenza, can develop into full-blown epidemics. The second half of the chapter focuses on Iceland as an island laboratory for the study of epidemic diffusion processes in the period 1902–1988. For this 87-year period, records of 131 discrete epidemic waves (with a recorded total of >0.5 million cases) of measles, influenza, and five other infectious diseases are examined in terms of wave spacing, wave velocity, and wave geography. These findings are related both to epidemiological theory and to aspects of the changing historical geography of the island. more...
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. A Geography of Infection
- Author
-
Matthew R. Smallman-Raynor, Andrew D. Cliff, J. Keith Ord, and Peter Haggett
- Abstract
A Geography of Infection explores the distinctive spatial patterns and processes by which infectious diseases spread from place to place and can grow from local and regional epidemics into global pandemics. The book focuses initially on the local scale of doctors’ practices and small islands where epidemic outbreaks are slight in the numbers infected and in geographical extent. Such local area studies raise two questions. First, how and where do epidemic diseases emerge and second, why do more diseases appear to be emerging now? To approach such questions implies a shift in spatial gear from painting epidemics with a fine-tipped local brush to an expanded palette on which doctors’ practices and small islands are replaced by regional and global populations. Simultaneously, time bands are extended backwards to the origins of civilization and forwards into the twenty-first century. It eventually leads to a consideration of global pandemics—both historical (e.g. plague, cholera, and influenza) and contemporary (HIV/AIDS and COVID-19)—and examines the ways the spread of infection can be prevented. more...
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Epidemics as Diffusion Waves
- Author
-
Matthew Smallman-Raynor, Andrew Cliff, Keith Ord, and Peter Haggett
- Abstract
‘Epidemics as Diffusion Waves’ establishes the parameters of the book. It begins by defining the basic building blocks of the study: infection, contagion, and disease. Key epidemiological concepts and terms are introduced and defined, and classic compartmental (susceptible → infective → recovered; SIR) approaches to epidemic modelling are outlined. Epidemic waves in the time domain are examined in terms of their shape (logistic model, Kendall waves), as repetitive wave trains (Bartlett threshold model), and as branching networks (Reed–Frost model). The second half of the chapter examines epidemic waves in the space domain. The swash–backwash model of the single epidemic wave introduces the concept of the spatial basic reproduction number R0A, the geographical analogue of the basic reproduction number R 0. Spatial simulations of diffusion waves are explored through the work of Torsten Hägerstrand. The chapter concludes with a consideration of dyadic (lag correlation and spatial interaction) approaches to epidemic modelling. more...
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Infectious Disease Control
- Author
-
Matthew Smallman-Raynor, Andrew Cliff, Keith Ord, and Peter Haggett
- Abstract
‘Infectious Disease Control’ examines the historical development of approaches to the geographical control, elimination, and eradication of infectious diseases. It begins at a local spatial scale, seven centuries ago, among the plague-ridden lazarettos of Venice. It ends at the global scale with twenty-first-century developments in the Internet-based monitoring and surveillance of infectious diseases. Basic spatial strategies for the control of infectious diseases (defensive isolation and offensive containment) are outlined, their historical development and application in the form of such measures as cordons sanitaires, isolation, and quarantine are reviewed, and their present-day forms highlighted. Vaccines and vaccination are reviewed as a second approach to disease control, alongside initiatives for the global eradication of infectious diseases such as smallpox and poliomyelitis. Disease surveillance continues to form a cornerstone of spatially focused control activities and, so, the chapter ends with a review of the evolution of disease intelligence systems down the centuries. more...
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Pandemics, II
- Author
-
Matthew Smallman-Raynor, Andrew Cliff, Keith Ord, and Peter Haggett
- Abstract
‘Pandemics, II: COVID-19’ explores the spatial and temporal patterns of infection, illness, and death due to the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). It covers the period from the putative beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic in late 2019 to the turn of 2021. Consecutive sections review the basic epidemiological properties of the virus and the disease, the pattern of global dispersal, and the resulting patterns of reported disease activity in the United Kingdom and the United States. The swash–backwash model is used to analyse the spatial spread of the first wave of COVID-19 in England and to estimate the spatial velocity of wave expansion and retreat, January–June 2020. Approaches to the short- and longer-term forecasting of COVID-19 are illustrated with reference to sample states of the United States. more...
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. A Geography of Infection : Spatial Processes and Patterns in Epidemics and Pandemics
- Author
-
Matthew R. Smallman-Raynor, Andrew D. Cliff, J. Keith Ord, Peter Haggett, Matthew R. Smallman-Raynor, Andrew D. Cliff, J. Keith Ord, and Peter Haggett
- Subjects
- Epidemics, Medical geography
- Abstract
The last half century has witnessed two landmark events in medical history. The 1970s saw euphoria about the defeat of one of humankind's oldest disease scourges with the global eradication of smallpox. To set against this, the 2020s are experiencing the pandemic ravages of new viral diseases, of which COVID-19 is currently the most potent. But it is only the latest of a succession of threats. A Geography of Infection explores the distinctive spatial patterns and processes by which such infectious diseases spread from place to place and can grow from local and regional epidemics into global pandemics. This resource focuses initially on the local scale of doctors'practices and small islands where epidemic outbreaks are slight in the numbers infected and in geographical extent. Such local area studies raise two questions. First, how and where do epidemic diseases emerge and second, why do more diseases appear to be emerging now? To approach such questions implies a shift in spatial gear from painting epidemics with a fine-tipped local brush to an expanded palette on which doctors'practices and small islands are replaced by regional and global populations. Simultaneously, time bands are extended backwards to the origins of civilization and forwards into the twenty-first century. It eventually leads to a consideration of global pandemics - both historical (for example, plague, cholera and influenza) and contemporary (HIV/AIDS and COVID-19) and examines the ways the spread of infection can be prevented. All chapters are extensively illustrated with full-colour diagrams and maps - some of which are in colour for the first time. Bringing together the authors'collective 150 years of experience in research, mapping, and writing on spatial aspects of medical history, this is an invaluable resource for anyone interested in the spread, control, and eradication of epidemic and pandemic diseases. more...
- Published
- 2022
9. John Davey (1945–2017) and the origins of the ‘Progress in Geography’ journals*
- Author
-
Peter Haggett
- Subjects
05 social sciences ,Geography, Planning and Development ,0507 social and economic geography ,Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous) ,General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,050703 geography ,Classics - Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Changing Concepts in Economic Geography
- Author
-
Peter Haggett
- Subjects
Economics ,Economic geography - Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Scale Components in Geographical Problems
- Author
-
Peter Haggett
- Subjects
Statement (computer science) ,Scale (ratio) ,Basis (linear algebra) ,Simple (abstract algebra) ,Computer science ,Sampling (statistics) ,Data science ,Probability sampling - Abstract
This chapter suggests that scale obtrudes into geographical research in three main ways: in the problem of covering the earth’s surface; in the problem of linking results obtained at one scale to those obtained at another; and in standardizing information that is available only on a mixed series of scales. One of the characteristic features of geographical research is its concern with a particular scale of reality. The scale coverage problem is simple and immediate. There is an important difference between the attempts to use sampling to circumvent the scale problem, and the way in which sampling is being used in research. This essential difference is between purposive and probability sampling. Every change in scale will bring about the statement of a new problem, and there is no basis for assuming that associations existing at one scale will also exist at another’. more...
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Frontier Movements and the Geographical Tradition
- Author
-
Peter Haggett and Richard J. Chorley
- Subjects
Frontier ,Geography ,Economic geography - Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Forecasting alternative spatial, ecological and regional futures: problems and possibilities *
- Author
-
Peter Haggett
- Subjects
education.field_of_study ,Forcing (recursion theory) ,Environmental change ,Ecology ,Population ,Push and pull ,Economics ,Commoner ,education ,Futures contract - Abstract
By the late 1960s powerful push and pull elements were forcing a small but increasing proportion of geographers to move their energies towards the forecasting arena. Within the spatial tradition, locational analysis was running into something of an impasse. Most of the classical forecasting studies fall within the first spatial case. Thus national forecasts of future population levels and future economic activity tend to be conducted in terms of past sets of values for the nation itself. Under the advocacy of Commoner, the Ehrlichs, Earth Days, Royal Commissions, and the like, geographers were being forced to put static ecological models forward in a market-place that clamoured for the dynamic; the emphasis was on using such models to predict likely directions and rates of environmental change. Over shorter forecast periods, geographers are being drawn into national, regional, and local projections as part of planning exercises. more...
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Frontiers in Geographical Teaching
- Author
-
Richard J. Chorley, Peter Haggett, Richard J. Chorley, and Peter Haggett
- Subjects
- Geography--Study and teaching, Geography
- Abstract
Originally published in 1965 and with a second edition in 1970. Building upon the original two Madingley Hall seminars for teachers of non-university geography in 1965, this book presents an updated research picture of the 1970 transatlantic perspective. Answering the questions'What is happening in geography'and'What impact does this have on school geography', this provided a real link for students who were then making the increasingly difficult transition from school to university geography. Originally receiving a hostile reaction from British journals, the book's diagnosis and prognosis were a forerunner of developments in methodological changes of the discipline. This work collects a series of essays delineating geographic concepts in terms of the philosophic underpinnings, assessment of the geomorphic system, climatology, and social economic and historical changing trends. Techniques are reviewed including quantitative methods for geomorphology and social geography, fieldwork both in urban areas and land-use surveys, and finally in physical planning. Final analyses examine and contrast the teaching methods and courses in American and British High Schools, Colleges and Universities. more...
- Published
- 2019
15. Madingley: half-century reflections on a geographical experiment
- Author
-
Peter Haggett
- Subjects
Linkage (software) ,Geography ,Geography, Planning and Development ,Genealogy ,Earth-Surface Processes - Abstract
It is now a half-century since the ‘new geography‘ summer schools for teachers were held at Madingley Hall near Cambridge. Here, this ‘experiment’ in school-university linkage is recalled by one of... more...
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. David Stoddart OBE
- Author
-
Peter Haggett
- Subjects
Geography, Planning and Development ,Earth-Surface Processes - Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.