Search

The social inclusion of people with dementia (PwD) is recognised as a global goal of legislation, societal initiatives and service provision. Ensuring the social inclusion of PwD in these areas implies that its dimensions and domains are clear and unambiguous. However, the concept of social inclusion as it is currently used by researchers and practitioners is often vague or acts as a container concept for a variety of different approaches. This paper reports on an integrative review that analysed qualitative and quantitative studies on social inclusion and exclusion of PwD. It focused not only on the empirical results of the included studies but also on the theoretical embedding and methodological approaches to the concept of social inclusion and exclusion. We find that empirical studies on the social inclusion of PwD are scarce and largely characterised by a lack of or inconsistent conceptualisation. Against this background, the operationalisation of the concept and the assessment of the individual aspects of social inclusion with standardised instruments seem to be premature. Substantial theoretical and methodological work is needed to guide research on the social inclusion of PwD. The empirical results show that relationships with other people and being integrated into social networks are essential aspects of social inclusion. Likewise, the strategies and attitudes of caring persons can help to create or reinforce exclusion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT Aim Design Result Conclusion Implications for the Profession and Patient Care Impact Reporting Method Patient and Public Contribution To investigate the professional dementia experts' understanding of a dementia‐friendly hospital to identify its characteristics.We used a qualitative design embedded in a case study. A total of 16 semi‐structured expert interviews were conducted with 17 professional dementia experts. Using inductive content analysis, the interviews were analysed in a participatory manner involving a group of researchers and dementia experts.We identified six characteristics of dementia‐friendly hospitals: Proud to be dementia‐friendly—That's what we want; Seeing the human being—Taking care of everyone; Having everyone on board—It's a collective task; Being professional—It takes more than being nice and kind; Rethinking the ‘running’ system—We have to change, not them; and Being part of the community—Thinking beyond the hospital.The concept of a dementia‐friendly hospital seems complex and requires a rethinking of the traditional hospital. For a conceptualisation, the involvement of people with dementia and their relatives is important to gain a comprehensive understanding.A dementia‐friendly hospital is characterised by professional care that comprises a safe, familiar and supportive environment, is prepared but also flexible, has everyone on board, and sees the human being. To become dementia‐friendly, individual interventions such as training courses can be a starting point. However, an overall concept is required that also includes components that contribute to successful implementation and a welcoming culture of people with dementia.Our findings on the perspective of professional dementia experts contribute to the conceptualisation of dementia‐friendly hospitals.We reported our study according to the COREQ checklist.The investigation of the perspective of professional dementia experts is one part of a larger study. In this overall DEMfriendlyHospital study, we interviewed professional dementia experts, people with dementia and their relatives and also involved them in a participatory manner in various stages of the research process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective:Individualized formulation-led interventions offer a promising approach for analyzing and managing challenging behaviors in people with dementia. Little is known about which individualized formulation-led interventions exist and what effects these interventions have on people with dementia and their caregivers. Therefore, the review aims to describe and examine existing interventions and to review their evidence. Methods:An integrative review of individualized formulation-led interventions for managing challenging behavior in people with dementia was conducted. PUBMED, PsycINFO [EBSCO] and CINAHL [EBSCO] databases were searched between February and April 2014 using key terms related to dementia, challenging behavior and individualized formulation- led interventions. The literature search was limited to German and English publications published from 1995. No limitations were placed on the type of paper, type of study design and stage of disease or setting. 37 relevant papers that met the inclusion criteria were included in this review. Results:The literature review provided 14 different individualized formulation-led interventions. The effects on people with dementia were diverse, as only half of the studies showed a significant reduction in behaviors compared with the control group. Family caregivers felt less upset about the challenging behavior and more confident in their ability to manage the behavior. Conclusion:There is a clear need for further research on individualized formulation-led interventions. The results of this review have the potential for developing interventions and for designing methodological robust evaluation studies that take into account the effectiveness of individualized formulation-led interventions on patient and caregiver outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Professional caregivers' perspectives on dementia and on people living with dementia (PlwD) can influence their feelings, judgements and behaviours in work situations, for example, how they think about symptoms, disease progression and the impact on a person's quality of life. Their individual dementia mindset, which can be investigated with the 12-item Dementia Mindset Scale (DMS), might influence job satisfaction, work-related well-being and person-centred care. The aim of the proposed replication study is to confirm the results of the original study of the DMS and to test whether a malleable mindset is correlated with higher levels of caregiver education, dementia-specific professional experience/competence and dementia knowledge., Methods and Analysis: Professional caregivers in residential care facilities for older persons who work directly with PlwD will be asked to answer an anonymous web-based online survey. The survey encompasses five standardised questionnaires: the DMS, the Dementia Knowledge Assessment Scale, the Oldenburg Burnout Inventory, the Job-related Affective Well-being Scale and the Sense of Competence in Dementia Care Staff Scale. In addition, job satisfaction, the educational background, professional experience and work situation are surveyed. For replication, the analyses will re-evaluate the psychometric properties (structural validity, model fit, internal consistency and predictive validity) by applying descriptive statistics, regression analysis, confirmatory factor analysis and correlation analysis. The additional analyses will use descriptive statistics, regression analysis and correlation analysis. Rasch analysis will be used to rank the difficulty of the items., Ethics and Dissemination: This study was approved by the ethics committee of the German Society of Nursing Science (ID number 23-004). No personal information will be gathered. The results of the study will be distributed nationally and internationally through peer-reviewed academic journals, conferences, institutional websites and journals for nursing care practice., Competing Interests: Competing interests: None declared., (© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2024. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)