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6. Complex and Subtle Structural Changes in Prefrontal Cortex Induced by Inhibitory Control Training from Childhood to Adolescence

Author

Delalande, Lisa, Moyon, Marine, Tissier, Cloélia, Dorriere, Valérie, Guillois, Bernard, Mevell, Katel, Charron, Sylvain, Salvia, Emilie, Poirel, Nicolas, Vidal, Julie, Lion, Stéphanie, Oppenheim, Catherine, Houdé, Olivier, Cachia, Arnaud, and Borst, Grégoire

Abstract

A number of training interventions have been designed to improve executive functions and inhibitory control (IC) across the lifespan. Surprisingly, no study has investigated the structural neuroplasticity induced by IC training from childhood to late adolescence, a developmental period characterized by IC efficiency improvement and protracted maturation of prefrontal cortex (PFC) subregions involved in IC. The aim of the present study was to investigate the behavioral and structural changes induced by a 5-week computerized and adaptive IC training in school-aged children (10-year-olds) and in adolescents (16-year-olds). Sixty-four children and 59 adolescents were randomly assigned to an IC (i.e. Color-Word Stroop and Stop-Signal tasks) or an active control (AC) (knowledge- and vocabulary-based tasks) training group. In the pre- and posttraining sessions, participants performed the Color-Word Stroop and Stop-signal tasks, and an anatomical resonance imaging (MRI) was acquired for each of them. Children's IC efficiency improved from the pre- to the posttraining session in boys but not in girls. In adolescents, IC efficiency did not improve after IC training. Similar to the neuroplastic mechanisms observed during brain maturation, we observed IC training-related changes in cortical thickness and cortical surface area in several PFC subregions (e.g. the pars opercularis, triangularis, and orbitalis of the inferior frontal gyri) that were age- and gender-specific. Because no correction for multiple comparisons was applied, the results of our study provide only preliminary evidence of the complex structural neuroplastic mechanisms at the root of behavioral changes in IC efficiency from pre- to posttraining in school-aged children and adolescents.

Published
2020
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8. Consequences of General Anesthesia in Infancy on Behavior and Brain Structure

Author

Salaün, Jean-Philippe, Chagnot, Audrey, Cachia, Arnaud, Poirel, Nicolas, Datin-Dorrière, Valérie, Dujarrier, Cléo, Lemarchand, Eloïse, Rolland, Marine, Delalande, Lisa, Gressens, Pierre, Guillois, Bernard, Houdé, Olivier, Levard, Damien, Gakuba, Clément, Moyon, Marine, Naveau, Mikael, Orliac, François, Orliaguet, Gilles, Hanouz, Jean-Luc, Agin, Véronique, Borst, Grégoire, and Vivien, Denis

Published
2023
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11. Liste des collaborateurs

Author

Bara, Florence, primary, Barbot, Baptiste, additional, Besançon, Maud, additional, Camarda, Anaëlle, additional, Camos, Valérie, additional, Cassotti, Mathieu, additional, Clerc, Olivier, additional, Fourneret, Pierre, additional, Gauld, Christophe, additional, Gentaz, Édouard, additional, Houdé, Olivier, additional, Hüppi, Petra Susan, additional, Kern, Sophie, additional, Lecerf, Thierry, additional, Liverani, Maria Chiara, additional, Lubart, Todd, additional, Mamimoué, Élise, additional, Marret, Stéphane, additional, Pascalis, Olivier, additional, Peretti, Noël, additional, Poirel, Nicolas, additional, Prado, Jérôme, additional, Sander, David, additional, Siffredi, Vanessa, additional, Sprenger-Charolles, Liliane, additional, Sterpenich, Virginie, additional, and Savelon, Sylvie Viaux, additional

Published
2022
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16. Neural correlates underlying local and global processing during visual search across adulthood.

Author

Doucet, Gaelle, Kruse, Jordanna A., Hamlin, Noah, Peyrin, Carole, and Poirel, Nicolas

Subjects
VISUAL perception, SALIENCE network, OLDER people, ADULTS, INSULAR cortex, YOUNG adults, CINGULATE cortex
Abstract

Visual processing relies on the identification of both local and global features of visual stimuli. While well investigated at the behavioral level, the underlying brain mechanisms are less clear, especially in the context of aging. Using fMRI, we aimed to investigate the neural correlates underlying local and global processing in early and late adulthood. We recruited 77 healthy adults aged 19–77 who completed a visual search task based on 2-level hierarchical stimuli made of squares and/or circles. Participants were instructed to detect a target (a square) at either a local (small) or global (large) level of a hierarchical geometrical form, in the presence or absence of other hierarchical geometrical forms (distractors). At the behavioral level, we revealed high accuracy for all participants, but older participants were slower to detect local targets, specifically in presence of distractors. At the brain level, while both local and global processing were associated with occipital activation, local processing also recruited the anterior insula and dorsal anterior cingulate cortex, that are core regions of the salience network. However, while the presence of distractors in the local condition elicited specifically stronger activation within the right anterior insula for the young group, it was not observed for older participants. In addition, older participants showed less activation than younger participants in the occipital cortex, especially for the most complex conditions. Our findings suggest that the brain correlates underlying local and global processing change with aging, especially for complex visual patterns. These results are discussed in terms of top-down reduction effects from the salience network on primary visual areas, that may lead to specific difficulties to process local visual details in older adults. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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21. The Forest, the Trees, and the Leaves: Differences of Processing across Development

Author

Krakowski, Claire-Sara, Poirel, Nicolas, Vidal, Julie, Roëll, Margot, Pineau, Arlette, Borst, Grégoire, and Houdé, Olivier

Abstract

To act and think, children and adults are continually required to ignore irrelevant visual information to focus on task-relevant items. As real-world visual information is organized into structures, we designed a feature visual search task containing 3-level hierarchical stimuli (i.e., local shapes that constituted intermediate shapes that formed the global figure) that was presented to 112 participants aged 5, 6, 9, and 21 years old. This task allowed us to explore (a) which level is perceptively the most salient at each age (i.e., the fastest detected level) and (b) what kind of attentional processing occurs for each level across development (i.e., efficient processing: detection time does not increase with the number of stimuli on the display; less efficient processing: detection time increases linearly with the growing number of distractors). Results showed that the global level was the most salient at 5 years of age, whereas the global and intermediate levels were both salient for 9-year-olds and adults. Interestingly, at 6 years of age, the intermediate level was the most salient level. Second, all participants showed an efficient processing of both intermediate and global levels of hierarchical stimuli, and a less efficient processing of the local level, suggesting a local disadvantage rather than a global advantage in visual search. The cognitive cost for selecting the local target was higher for 5- and 6-year-old children compared to 9-year-old children and adults. These results are discussed with regards to the development of executive control.

Published
2016
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22. Consequences of General Anesthesia in Infancy on Behavior and Brain Structure

Author

Salaün, Jean-Philippe, Chagnot, Audrey, Cachia, Arnaud, Poirel, Nicolas, Datin-Dorrière, Valérie, Dujarrier, Cléo, Lemarchand, Eloïse, Rolland, Marine, Delalande, Lisa, Gressens, Pierre, Guillois, Bernard, Houdé, Olivier, Levard, Damien, Gakuba, Clément, Moyon, Marine, Naveau, Mikael, Orliac, François, Orliaguet, Gilles, Hanouz, Jean-Luc, Agin, Véronique, Borst, Grégoire, Vivien, Denis, Hôpital Côte de Nacre [CHU Caen], CHU Caen, Normandie Université (NU)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN)-Normandie Université (NU)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN), Physiopathologie et imagerie des troubles neurologiques (PhIND), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Normandie Université (NU), Laboratoire de psychologie du développement et de l'éducation de l'enfant (LaPsyDÉ - UMR 8240), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Institut de psychiatrie et neurosciences de Paris (IPNP - U1266 Inserm), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de psychologie du développement et de l'éducation de l'enfant (LaPsyDÉ), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Normandie Université (NU)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN), University of Manchester [Manchester], Thèses d'exercice et mémoires - UFR de Médecine Montpellier-Nîmes, Université de Montpellier (UM), Maladies neurodéveloppementales et neurovasculaires (NeuroDiderot (UMR_S_1141 / U1141)), Laboratoire de psychologie de Caen Normandie (LPCN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Service de Soins Intensifs [CHU Caen], Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-CHU Caen, Normandie Université (NU)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN), Unité Support CYCERON, Normandie Université (NU)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), GIP Cyceron (Cyceron), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-CHU Caen, Normandie Université (NU)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Evaluation thérapeutique et pharmacologie périnatale et pédiatrique (EA_7323), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), Etablissement français du sang - Normandie (EFS), and Institut Blood and Brain @ Caen-Normandie [Caen] (BB@C)

Subjects
[SCCO]Cognitive science, Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, [SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience, [SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology, [SHS.PSY]Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology
Abstract

International audience

Published
2022
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28. Neural correlates underlying local and global processing during visual search across adulthood

Author

Doucet, Gaelle, Kruse, Jordana, Hamlin, Noah, Peyrin, Carole, Poirel, Nicolas, Boys Town National Research Hospital [Omaha], Creighton University School of Medicine, Laboratoire de Psychologie et NeuroCognition (LPNC ), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Laboratoire de psychologie du développement et de l'éducation de l'enfant (LaPsyDÉ - UMR 8240), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), GIP Cyceron (Cyceron), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-CHU Caen, Normandie Université (NU)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), and Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.)

Subjects
[SCCO]Cognitive science, [SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience, [SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology, [SHS.PSY]Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology
Abstract

Visual processing largely relies on the identification of the hierarchical levels of visual stimuli, from the largest global level (e.g., large circle) to the most local elements (e.g., small squares). People are faster at detecting information at the global level, relative to the local level and incongruent global information usually slows down the detection at the local level. We aimed to investigate for the first time the brain mechanisms behind local and global prosessing during a visual search task of compound hierarchical stimuli in early and late adulthood.

Published
2023

30. Framing the area for avoiding visual interference and optimizing visual search in adolescents and adults

Author

Bouhassoun, Sabrina, Gerlach, Christian, Borst, Grégoire, Poirel, Nicolas, Laboratoire de psychologie du développement et de l'éducation de l'enfant (LaPsyDÉ - UMR 8240), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), GIP Cyceron (Cyceron), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-CHU Caen, Normandie Université (NU)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Southern Denmark (SDU), Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.), and This work was supported by a grant from Hamelin Group and the National Association for Research in Technology [grant number 2019/0407].

Subjects
[SCCO]Cognitive science, [SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience, [SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology, [SHS.PSY]Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology
Abstract

International audience; Visual distractions as a key factor during visual search Because of our limited attentional capacity (Desimone & Duncan, 1995), searching for relevant information frequently induces attentional competition between relevant and distracting information. Handling with visual distractors plays a key role during effective visual search and depends, at least in part, on the target and distractors attributes (e.g., Duncan & Humphreys, 1989). Ignoring visual distractors is critical to ensure optimal working memory performance through lifespan (e.g., Zanto & Gazzaley, 2009).

Published
2022

35. Framing the area: An efficient approach for avoiding visual interference and optimising visual search in adolescents.

Author

Bouhassoun, Sabrina, Gerlach, Christian, Borst, Grégoire, and Poirel, Nicolas

Subjects
VISUAL perception, TEENAGERS, COGNITIVE learning, STIMULUS & response (Psychology)
Abstract

Attentional resources are limited, and resistance to interference plays a critical role during cognitive tasks and learning. Previous studies have shown that participants find it difficult to avoid being distracted by global visual information when processing local details. In this study, we investigated an innovative approach for enhancing the processing of local visual details by middle-school adolescents. Two groups completed a classic global/local visual search task in which a predefined target could appear at the global or local level, either with or without a frame. The results from the no-frame display group provided a direct replication in adolescents of previous findings in adults, with increasing number of interferent stimuli presented in the display adversely affecting detection of local targets. In addition, by varying the numbers of distractors inside and outside the frame, we showed that distractors only interfered with the processing of local information inside the frame, while the deleterious impact of increases in distracting information was prevented when the distractors were outside the frame. These findings suggest that when a frame delimits an attentional area, the influence of an increasing number of distractors present outside the frame is eliminated. We assume that application of a frame allows for efficient delimitation of attention deployment to a restricted topographical visual area in adolescents. These results evidence that processing of local details can be improved without modifying the structure of the stimuli, and provide promising clues for optimising attentional resources during time-absorbing visual searches. Applicable implications in the educational field are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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42. Anatomical connectivity of the visuospatial attentional network in schizophrenia: a DTI-based tractography study

Author

Leroux, Elise, Poirel, Nicolas, Dollfus, Sonia, Imagerie et Stratégies Thérapeutiques de la Schizophrénie (ISTS), Imagerie et Stratégies Thérapeutiques des pathologies Cérébrales et Tumorales (ISTCT), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de psychologie du développement et de l'éducation de l'enfant (LaPsyDÉ - UMR 8240), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.), Service de psychiatrie [CHU Caen], Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-CHU Caen, Normandie Université (NU)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN), and Normandie Université (NU)

Subjects
[SCCO]Cognitive science, [SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience, [SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology, [SHS.PSY]Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology
Abstract

International audience; In healthy controls (HCs), the visuospatial attentional network consists of fronto-parietal bundles distributed across both hemispheres. Theanatomical organization of this network remains unexplored in patients with schizophrenia (SZPs). The aim of the present study was to determinate the white matter integrity (WM) and the volume of visuospatial attentional pathways in the right and left hemispheres (RH and LH), as well as their structural asymmetry in SZPs and HCs, using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI)-based tractography. We hypothesized that SZPs would have WM pathway alterations and reduced rightward structural asymmetry.

Published
2018

43. Complex and subtle structural changes in prefrontal cortex induced by inhibitory control training from childhood to adolescence

Author

Delalande, Lisa, primary, Moyon, Marine, additional, Tissier, Cloélia, additional, Dorriere, Valérie, additional, Guillois, Bernard, additional, Mevell, Katel, additional, Charron, Sylvain, additional, Salvia, Emilie, additional, Poirel, Nicolas, additional, Vidal, Julie, additional, Lion, Stéphanie, additional, Oppenheim, Catherine, additional, Houdé, Olivier, additional, Cachia, Arnaud, additional, and Borst, Grégoire, additional

Published
2019
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44. Cortical thickness and global/local visual abilities in children

Author

Poirel, Nicolas, Simon, Grégory, Mevel, Katell, Orliac, François, Dollfus, Sonia, Houdé, Olivier, Peyrin, Carole, Borst, Grégoire, Laboratoire de psychologie du développement et de l'éducation de l'enfant (LaPsyDÉ - UMR 8240), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Neuropsychologie cognitive et neuroanatomie fonctionnelles de la mémoire humaine, Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Imagerie et Stratégies Thérapeutiques de la Schizophrénie (ISTS), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Caen, Caen, France, Laboratoire de Psychologie et NeuroCognition (LPNC ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), ANR-12-JSH2-0002,RECOR,Spécialisation hémisphérique, cartographie rétinotopique et interactions rétino-corticales lors de la perception de scènes(2012), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Laboratoire de Psychologie et NeuroCognition (LPNC), and Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)

Subjects
[SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience, [SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology
Abstract

International audience; A visual scene consists of local elements (trees) that are arranged into a global configuration (a forest). Paradigms using large global forms composed of suitable arrangements of small local forms revealed a global precedence effect in adults, characterized by a global advantage (faster detection of global information than local parts) and an interference from global information during local processing. Even if behavioral studies evidenced a global precedence from 9 years of age, cortical structures underlying global precedence and global interference effects are still unknown in healthy children. In the present work, after a MRI session in a 3-Tesla MRI scanner, 10 years-old children were presented with a classic global/local selective attention task with congruent and incongruent conditions. Regression analyses (p

Published
2017

45. Cortical thickness and global/local visual abilities in children

Author

Moyon, Marine, Delalande, Lisa, Mevel, Katell, Orliac, François, Dollfus, Sonia, Houdé, Olivier, Peyrin, Carole, Poirel, Nicolas, Borst, Grégoire, Simon, Grégory, Laboratoire de psychologie du développement et de l'éducation de l'enfant (LaPsyDÉ - UMR 8240), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC), CHU Caen, Normandie Université (NU)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN), Laboratoire de Psychologie et NeuroCognition (LPNC ), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), ANR-12-JSH2-0002,RECOR,Spécialisation hémisphérique, cartographie rétinotopique et interactions rétino-corticales lors de la perception de scènes(2012), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Caen, Caen, France, Laboratoire de Psychologie et NeuroCognition (LPNC), Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Peyrin, Carole, and Jeunes Chercheuses et Jeunes Chercheurs - Spécialisation hémisphérique, cartographie rétinotopique et interactions rétino-corticales lors de la perception de scènes - - RECOR2012 - ANR-12-JSH2-0002 - JC - VALID

Subjects
[SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience, [SCCO.PSYC] Cognitive science/Psychology, [SCCO.NEUR] Cognitive science/Neuroscience, [SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology
Abstract

International audience; A visual scene consists of local elements (trees) that are arranged into a global configuration (a forest). Paradigms using large global forms composed of suitable arrangements of small local forms revealed a global precedence effect in adults, characterized by a global advantage (faster detection of global information than local parts) and an interference from global information during local processing. Even if behavioral studies evidenced a global precedence from 9 years of age, cortical structures underlying global precedence and global interference effects are still unknown in healthy children. In the present work, after a MRI session in a 3-Tesla MRI scanner, 10 years-old children were presented with a classic global/local selective attention task with congruent and incongruent conditions. Regression analyses (p

Published
2017

47. S167. ANATOMICAL CONNECTIVITY OF THE VISUOSPATIAL ATTENTIONAL NETWORK IN SCHIZOPHRENIA: A DTI-BASED TRACTOGRAPHY STUDY

Author

Sonia Dollfus, Poirel Nicolas, and Leroux Elise

Subjects
Poster Session III, biology, business.industry, Superior longitudinal fasciculus, biology.organism_classification, Lateralization of brain function, White matter, Abstracts, Psychiatry and Mental health, medicine.anatomical_structure, Fasciculus, Fractional anisotropy, Medicine, Inferior longitudinal fasciculus, business, Neuroscience, Tractography, Diffusion MRI
Abstract

Background In healthy controls (HCs), the visuospatial attentional network consists of fronto-parietal bundles distributed across both hemispheres, but the anatomical organization of this network remains largely unknown in patients with schizophrenia (SZPs). Using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI)-based tractography, we investigated both white matter integrity and the volume of visuospatial attentional pathways in the right and left hemispheres (RH and LH), as well as their structural asymmetry in SZPs and HCs and hypothesized that SZPs would have WM pathway alterations and abnormal structural asymmetry. Methods This study included 34 SZPs and 69 HCs. Integrity parameters (fractional anisotropy [FA], radial and mean diffusivity [RD and MD]) and volume were calculated in each fasciculus of this network: the three branches of the superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLFI–III), the inferior longitudinal fasciculus, and the inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus in the RH and LH. Results In SLFII and SLFIII, compared to RH and LH values for SZPs, HCs presented increased FA and/or decreased RD/MD in RH and/or LH. Both SZPs and HCs presented increased FA and decreased RD/MD in the RH compared to the LH in the SLFIII, whereas only HCs had this pattern in the SLFII. Volumes did not differ between groups. Discussion To our knowledge, this study is the first to describe the structural hemispheric lateralization/organization of the visuospatial attentional network in SZPs. Our main findings are disrupted structural connectivity in the SLFII associated with abnormal anatomical asymmetry in patients, which could be a substrate of attentional deficits.

Published
2018
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49. Sulcal Polymorphisms of the IFC and ACC Contribute to Inhibitory Control Variability in Children and Adults

Author

Tissier, Cloélia, primary, Linzarini, Adriano, additional, Allaire-Duquette, Geneviève, additional, Mevel, Katell, additional, Poirel, Nicolas, additional, Dollfus, Sonia, additional, Etard, Olivier, additional, Orliac, François, additional, Peyrin, Carole, additional, Charron, Sylvain, additional, Raznahan, Armin, additional, Houdé, Olivier, additional, Borst, Grégoire, additional, and Cachia, Arnaud, additional

Published
2018
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50. Cortical thickness and spatial frequency processing during natural scenes perception in children

Author

Orliac, François, Simon, Grégory, Dollfus, Sonia, Houdé, Olivier, Peyrin, Carole, Poirel, Nicolas, Laboratoire de psychologie du développement et de l'éducation de l'enfant (LaPsyDÉ - UMR 8240), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), GIP Cyceron (Cyceron), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-CHU Caen, Normandie Université (NU)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Normandie Université (NU), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Caen, Caen, France, Laboratoire de Psychologie et NeuroCognition (LPNC), Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), ANR-12-JSH2-0002,RECOR,Spécialisation hémisphérique, cartographie rétinotopique et interactions rétino-corticales lors de la perception de scènes(2012), CHU Caen, Normandie Université (NU)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Peyrin, Carole, Jeunes Chercheuses et Jeunes Chercheurs - Spécialisation hémisphérique, cartographie rétinotopique et interactions rétino-corticales lors de la perception de scènes - - RECOR2012 - ANR-12-JSH2-0002 - JC - VALID, and Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience, [SCCO.PSYC] Cognitive science/Psychology, [SCCO.NEUR] Cognitive science/Neuroscience, [SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology
Abstract

International audience; INTRODUCTIONRecent models of visual perception suggested that scene recognition is processed in terms of spatial frequencies: in adults, low spatial frequencies (LSF) rapidly reach high-order cortical areas to allow initial scene recognition and high spatial frequencies (HSF) subsequently carry fine details analysis (Kauffmann, 2014). Paradigms using compound stimuli (large global forms, supposed to convey HSF, composed of arrangements of small local forms, supposed to convey HSF) had indicated an evolution from a local (HSF) preference in young children (Poirel, 2008) evolving toward a global (LSF) preference, from 6 years of age until the end of adolescence (Mondloch, 2003). The present MRI study investigated for the first time the relationship between cortical thickness and behavioral performances to LSF/HSF during this childhood transitional period. METHODSSixteen children (M=10 years, SD=7 months, 6 boys) and 16 adults (M=30 years, SD=5 years, 9 boys) were presented with 80 pictures of natural scenes filtered either in LSF or in HSF (Fig1). Each scene was presented during 40ms and participants had to indicate as rapidly as possible whether the scene was outdoor or indoor. Reaction times were recorded. Participants were scanned with a 3-Tesla MRI scanner (T1-weighted, FOV: 256mm; slice thickness: 1.33 mm; 128 slices; matrix size 192×192 voxels; 5min7s duration). Mean cortical thickness values were extracted with Freesurfer software using the Destrieux Atlas (2010). For each group, regression analyses were carried to investigate the relationship between cortical thickness and LSF/HSF reaction times (RTs). All results reported are statistically significant at 0.05.RESULTSBehavioral data indicated that adults showed faster RTs than children (495±12ms and 867±34ms respectively, p

Published
2015

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