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136 results on '"Policardo, Laura"'

3. Optimal Lockdown Policies driven by Socioeconomic Costs

Author

Gubar, Elena, Policardo, Laura, Carrera, Edgar J. Sanchez, and Taynitskiy, Vladislav

Subjects
Mathematics - Optimization and Control, Economics - General Economics
Abstract

In this research paper we modify a classical SIR model to better adapt to the dynamics of COVID-19, that is we propose the heterogeneous SQAIRD model where COVID-19 spreads over a population of economic agents, namely: the elderly, adults and young people. We then compute and simulate an optimal control problem faced by a Government, where its objective is to minimize the costs generated by the pandemics using as control a compulsory quarantine measure (that is, a lockdown). We first analyze the problem from a theoretical perspective, claiming that different lockdown policies (total lockdown, no lockdown or partial lockdown) may justified by different cost (concave or convex) structures of the economies. We then focus on a particular cost structure (convex costs) and we simulate a targeted optimal policy vs. a uniform optimal policy, by dividing the whole population in three demographic groups (young, adults and old). We also simulate the dynamic of the pandemic with no policy implemented. Simulations highlighted the fact that: a) a policy of lockdown is always better than the \emph{laissez faire} policy, because it limits the costs that the pandemic generates in an uncontrolled situation; b) a targeted policy based on age of the individuals outperforms a uniform policy in terms of costs that it generates, being a targeted policy less costly and equally effective in the control of the pandemic.

Published
2021

9. Economic Growth Driven by the Mexican Fourth Transformation Policy.

Author

González Lara, José María, Policardo, Laura, and Sanchez Carrera, Edgar J.

Abstract

The economic policy of the fourth transformation (4T) of Mexico - as the actual president Andrés Manuel López Obrador defines his mandate - is characterized by being cautious and responsible for public spending, making investment decisions more effective, and redistributing wealth to sustain domestic consumption. The internal demand has been promoted by increasing poor people's disposable income through subsidies and transfers and several policies aimed at raising minimum wages. As a framework for these direct policies to boost economic growth, the fight against corruption helped achieve these results more effectively. This work aims to analyze whether the 4T policy increased economic growth in Mexico. We applied two econometric techniques to test our hypothesis: interrupted time series analysis, controlling for robustness of the results, and breakpoint regression analysis. In both cases, we robustly showed that the 4T economic policy has positively impacted economic growth in Mexico. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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18. A predator-prey economic system of tax evasion and corrupt behavior

Author

Accinelli, Elvio, García, Armando, Policardo, Laura, and Sanchez Carrera, Edgar Javier

Subjects
Statistics and Probability, Applied Mathematics, Modeling and Simulation, Bribes and corruption, Imitation and evolutionary dynamics, Income inequality, Bribes and corruption, Income inequality, Imitation and evolutionary dynamics
Published
2023

34. CRECIMIENTO IMPULSADO POR LOS SALARIOS EN MÉXICO: UN ANÁLISIS DE REGRESIÓN UMBRAL.

Author

Sánchez Carrera, Edgar J., González Lara, José María, and Policardo, Laura

Abstract

Copyright of Investigación Económica is the property of Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Facultad de Economia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Published
2022
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44. Brazil and China: Two Routes of Economic Development

Author

Policardo, Laura, Punzo, LIONELLO FRANCO, and Sánchez Carrera, Edgar J.

Subjects
China, jel:O40, Economic Growth, Income Inequality, Time Series Analysis, Inequality and growth, jel:O11, Inequality and growth, China, Brazil, jel:C23, jel:D3, Brazil
Abstract

We look at two emerging economies, Brazil and China, and propose an evaluation of their recent development in terms of growth performance and the evolution of income inequality. Our analysis therefore seems to be related to the well-known Kuznets-curve and theory. The latter, however, populates an inequality-growth plane with countries’ average-valued coordinates and draws far fetching predictions that have been repeatedly questioned. We claim that Kuznets’ traditional approach does not capture recent relevant phenomena characterizing such countries: namely, the presence of at least two distinct growth models. Empirical evidence and Cointegration analysis corroborate such results.

Published
2015

45. Prevalence of multiple sclerosis in Tuscany: a study based on administrative data

Author

Bezzini, Daiana, Policardo, Laura, Giuseppe, Meucci, Ulivelli, Monica, Bartalini, Sabina, Francesco, Profili, Battaglia, Mario A., and Paolo, Francesconi

Subjects
administrative data, multiple sclerosis, prevalence, administrative data, epidemiology, prevalence, epidemiology, multiple sclerosis
Published
2015

46. Free mobility of capital and Labor force in a two-country model: The dynamic game for growth.

Author

Accinelli, Elvio, Sánchez Carrera, Edgar, Policardo, Laura, and Salas, Osvaldo

Subjects
LABOR mobility, LABOR supply, INDUSTRIAL relations, DYNAMIC models, UNSKILLED labor
Abstract

In this paper, we consider a two-country and two-sector economy, where firms can choose to be innovative or not innovative, and workers to be skilled or unskilled. Using a dynamic game, we argue that exploiting the comparative advantages a country has in producing goods that use the most abundant factor of production, free mobility of capital and labor is beneficial for economic growth. However, if a country has a comparative advantage in a sector that uses intensely unskilled labor (which is the case of several underdeveloped economies), a poverty trap may arise. For this reason we argue that national Governments must ensure the technological development to improve competitiveness and therefore a social optimal use of the comparative advantages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
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