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In response to challenges encountered in the analysis of distribution network investments， such as the difficulty in achieving precise estimations of the total investment and the lack of effective validation for investment allocation ratios， a vertically and horizontally integrated distribution network investment allocation strategy， along with its validation method， is proposed. Firstly， the total investment is determined based on the unit investment effectiveness of historical annual distribution network comprehensive planning. Subsequently， allocation ratios for different project types are determined， and the overall investment amount is allocated to various grids within the power supply network. Following this， project optimization is conducted within each power supply grid. The engineering quantity method is employed to decompose the actual quantities of completed historical projects and determine the comprehensive unit price， allowing for the estimation of the specific investment amounts for selected projects in the target year. Finally， the total investment amount and allocation ratios for the target year are obtained. Through case analysis and comparison with mainstream methods， the accuracy and effectiveness of the proposed approach are validated.

This paper addresses the confluence of two issues associated with transportation construction: cost overruns, which represent a threat to cost savings, and project bundling, which represents an opportunity for cost savings. The paper hypothesizes that there exists a significant relationship between project bundling practice and the occurrence propensity and severity of cost overrun, and that the nature of this relationship varies across the different project types. Recognizing that current literature lacks adequate evidence regarding the nature of this specific relationship, this paper addresses the question using econometric modeling techniques. The study objective is to quantitatively assess project bundling impacts on the propensity and magnitude of cost overrun and how these impacts vary by project type. The methods used include binary logit and logistic regression specifications. The data were from a highway construction contract database involving 8,782 projects (consisting of 36 project types grouped into six work categories) and 5,180 contracts. The paper finds that, generally, project bundling does affect cost overruns, and that there exists variation of this relationship across the different types of projects. The outcomes of this study can help guide agencies on which project types could be bundled to reduce the occurrence propensity or magnitude of cost overrun as well as the bundling combinations for which cost savings may not be realized. As bundling practices become increasingly prevalent, public agencies interested in adjusting their financial estimates to accommodate possible cost overruns can replicate the study methodology provided in this paper. With the bundling and cost overrun relationship functions that could be developed using their local data, agencies can carry out, in a more reliable manner, the task of contract contingency sum estimation for bundled projects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Zhejiang Electric Power is the property of Zhejiang Electric Power Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Globalization and economic volatility changed the dynamics of production chains, which required new organizational arrangements from companies, leading them to projectization. Additionally, project professionals are managing increasingly complex projects, which demand an extensive and specific set of competences. In this context, this paper aims to identify the competences of project professionals by project type. A systematic literature review was carried out using the Scopus and Web of Sciences academic databases. The research corpus consisted of 209 articles published between 1989 and 2022. As a result, this research identified 173 competences distributed in 14 different project types; some competences have a greater significance for a given project type. As a contribution, when dealing specifically with projects and competences, project professionals, companies, and educational institutions can learn about the fundamental competences by type of project, improve the processes of selection and diagnosis of the professional, adapt educational programs, or even establish plans for project professionals career. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Globalization and economic volatility changed the dynamics of production chains, which required new organizational arrangements from companies, leading them to projectization. Additionally, project professionals are managing increasingly complex projects, which demand an extensive and specific set of competences. In this context, this paper aims to identify the competences of project professionals by project type. A systematic literature review was carried out using the Scopus and Web of Sciences academic databases. The research corpus consisted of 209 articles published between 1989 and 2022. As a result, this research identified 173 competences distributed in 14 different project types; some competences have a greater significance for a given project type. As a contribution, when dealing specifically with projects and competences, project professionals, companies, and educational institutions can learn about the fundamental competences by type of project, improve the processes of selection and diagnosis of the professional, adapt educational programs, or even establish plans for project professionals career.

This study examines the moderating role of project type between project delivery system (PDS) and cost performance to decide whether project types should be addressed prior to evaluating PDS performance. Previous studies evaluating PDSs performance using direct relationship analysis present controversial assessments in terms of cost-efficiency. They recognize that project type causes inconsistencies when comparing design–build (DB) and design–bid–build (DBB) systems. However, they have yet to determine the specific role of the project type, leading to ambiguity regarding how to control the project type (e.g., a dataset using unspecified or mixed project types). This study employed a moderation analysis to identify the role of project type and to compare the cost performance of DB and DBB systems associated with project types as a post hoc test, leveraging statistical methodology, based on 90 public building projects in Seoul, South Korea. The results show that the moderating effect of project type is statistically significant. The cost growth in DB for nonresidential building projects presents statistically lower than that in DBB, whereas the cost growth difference between DB and DBB for residential buildings is not statistically significant. Additional analysis of full life-cycle cost performance shows another dimension of comparison that indicates the cost performance comparison of DB and DBB projects is controversial and more likely to be influenced by other factors. This study contributes to the engineering in the management body of knowledge by distinguishing the effects of project type and PDS on cost performance using a causal relationship analysis. The findings provide objective criteria for public-sector practitioners in the Architecture, Engineering, and Construction industry on how to address project types when they evaluate and select PDS and enhance the consistency of PDS evaluation in terms of cost performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A previous study (Pushkar 2021) showed a significant non-parametric correlation between the Optimize Energy Performance credit from the energy and atmosphere category (EAc7) and project size in Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design for New Construction and Major Renovations version 4 (LEED-NC v4) office space projects. However, in such an empirical analysis, there are at least two problems: the choice between parametric and non-parametric statistics, and the choice between the Wilcoxon–Mann–Whitney (WMW) and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) non-parametric tests. This study aims to evaluate EAc7 credit achievement for different types of spaces in LEED-NC v4 projects. We show that, in order to evaluate the differences between two LEED data groups, (1) a non-parametric procedure is preferable to a parametric one, and (2) if there is Spearman's correlation between EAc7 credit achievement and project size for the same LEED-NC v4 project, then Quade's ANCOVA is preferable to WMW. The results of these tests show that, in two out of three cases, office space projects had better EAc7 credit achievement than higher-education spaces at the gold certification level and public assembly spaces at the silver certification level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Predicting project cost overruns in the bidding stage has undergone significant changes with the application of state-of-the-art techniques. Both modeling techniques and domain knowledge should be integrated to enhance predictions of cost performance. This study developed an ensemble-learning classification model to predict the expected cost-overrun levels of public projects and derive explanatory factors and key predictors. A database of 234 public-sector projects in South Korea was used, including project characteristics (i.e., project delivery method, project types, cost, and schedule) in combination with bidding characteristics (i.e., award method, number of bidders, bid to estimate ratio, number of joint ventures). The results yielded an average accuracy of 61.41% for five model runs. Furthermore, information on the project type being constructed is an important contributor to prediction accuracy. Results of the model enable project owners and managers to screen projects that are expected to incur excessive cost overruns and to anticipate budget loss during the bidding stage and before contracts are finalized.

Copyright of Journal of Engineering Management / Gongcheng Guanli Xuebao is the property of Journal of Engineering Management Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Abstract The interaction and sharing of data based on network users make network information overexpanded, and “information overload” has become a difficult problem for everyone. The information filtering technology based on recommendation could dig out the needs and hobbies of users from the historical behavior, historical data, and social network and filter out useful resource for users in accordance with the needs and hobbies from the accumulation of information resource. Collaborative filtering is one of the core technologies in the recommendation system and is also the most widely used and most effective recommendation algorithm. In this paper, we study the accuracy and the data sparsity problems of recommendation algorithm. On the basis of the conventional algorithm, we combine the user score probability and take the commodity type into consideration when calculating similarity. The algorithm based on user score probability and project type (UPCF) is proposed, and the experimental data set from the recommendation system is used to validate and analyze data. The experimental results show that the UPCF algorithm alleviates the sparsity of data to a certain extent and has better performance than the conventional algorithms.

A previous study (Pushkar 2021) showed a significant non-parametric correlation between the Optimize Energy Performance credit from the energy and atmosphere category (EAc7) and project size in Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design for New Construction and Major Renovations version 4 (LEED-NC v4) office space projects. However, in such an empirical analysis, there are at least two problems: the choice between parametric and non-parametric statistics, and the choice between the Wilcoxon–Mann–Whitney (WMW) and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) non-parametric tests. This study aims to evaluate EAc7 credit achievement for different types of spaces in LEED-NC v4 projects. We show that, in order to evaluate the differences between two LEED data groups, (1) a non-parametric procedure is preferable to a parametric one, and (2) if there is Spearman’s correlation between EAc7 credit achievement and project size for the same LEED-NC v4 project, then Quade’s ANCOVA is preferable to WMW. The results of these tests show that, in two out of three cases, office space projects had better EAc7 credit achievement than higher-education spaces at the gold certification level and public assembly spaces at the silver certification level.

In this article, a training offer of the University of Education Bern is presented, which pursues the claim to impart both theory-led contents and action competence. It is assumed that professionalization could bring supposed opposites together and make experiences possible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Champions led four different project types; the most common was quality improvement. • Frontline nurse champions led both top-down and bottom-up projects. • Project type, initiation level, and personal championship solely do not matter. • Bottom-up service and administrative projects require championship behaviors. • For human resource and top-down projects, championship behaviors do not matter. Frontline nurse champions are key innovation-implementation agents. Despite the growing interest in nurse champions' innovation, whether project novelty is a product of championship behavior (e.g., expressing confidence in the innovation's success and network building), the project's contextual characteristics (project type and initiation level), or their joint effects, remains unsolved. To develop and test an interactionist model of project novelty in nursing. A cross-sectional design with a multisource approach to data collection. Results demonstrated a direct effect of project type, a two-way interaction effect of level of initiation and project type, a two-way interaction effect of championship and project type, and a three-way interaction effect of project type, initiation level, and championship on project's novelty. Bottom-up service and administrative projects require champions' championship behaviors to foster novelty, whereas for bottom-up quality-improvement projects, such behaviors can harm project novelty. For human-resource projects and for top-down projects, championship behaviors do not matter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Infrastructure plays a major role in the economic development of countries, especially in Asia which has experienced tremendous growth in recent years. The procurement of infrastructure continues to be characterized by cost overruns resulting in significant academic interest and theoretical propositions on the influential factors. This study contributes to this issue through adoption of pragmatic research methodology involving deterministic statistical analysis of real project data from reports as well as a qualitative analysis of these reports to unearth underlying issues from a thematic analysis. Furthermore, the study design takes a multi-country view towards establishing the role of contextual and geographical influences on cost overrun. An evaluation of 102 major infrastructure projects was performed covering railways, roadways and energy sectors in different regions in Asia. Findings reveal that differences in the propensity for cost overrun are mostly dependent on a type of infrastructure with rail projects being the most likely to overrun budget. Theoretically, propositions on the influence of project contextual factors are tested highlighting the influence of project size, project type, geographical locations, and the length of implementation period of a project as well as factors related to political, economic, strategic, and competence in infrastructure delivery which vary across countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recent years have witnessed the diversifying means of competitive bidding, where the client plays a critical role in the determination of competition rule. It is widely recognized that the competition rule should be placed on a win-win basis to ensure that both the client and contractors are well considered with respect to their interests. Nevertheless, a vast majority of biddings fail to take account of what contractors really want. Using the methods of literature review and content analysis, 34 tender evaluation factors are proposed to compose the competition rule in China. Contractors’ opinions on these factors are collected by virtue of questionnaire survey. Based on the Pareto law, it is found that the competition rule encompasses eleven key factors, and the composition varies slightly between public and private sectors. The Hotelling’s T test is conducted on those key factors in common. The implication is that contractors can use indifferent factors (e.g., credit rating, construction plan, completeness of bid components, timely payment to workers) to improve competitiveness, while the client may utilize different factors to diversify the competition rule. This paper probably presents an earliest effort put to examine the acceptability of competition rule in the construction context.

Recent years have witnessed the diversifying means of competitive bidding, where the client plays a critical role in the determination of competition rule. It is widely recognized that the competition rule should be placed on a win-win basis to ensure that both the client and contractors are well considered with respect to their interests. Nevertheless, a vast majority of biddings fail to take account of what contractors really want. Using the methods of literature review and content analysis, 34 tender evaluation factors are proposed to compose the competition rule in China. Contractors' opinions on these factors are collected by virtue of questionnaire survey. Based on the Pareto law, it is found that the competition rule encompasses eleven key factors, and the composition varies slightly between public and private sectors. The Hotelling's T test is conducted on those key factors in common. The implication is that contractors can use indifferent factors (e.g., credit rating, construction plan, completeness of bid components, timely payment to workers) to improve competitiveness, while the client may utilize different factors to diversify the competition rule. This paper probably presents an earliest effort put to examine the acceptability of competition rule in the construction context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a result of the frenetic and demanding working conditions associated with projects, much research and theory has addressed the stress and burn-out propensity of members of project teams. However, research has generally not taken into consideration the differential effects of job title or types of project organizations on job demands, perhaps assuming that all levels within a project team and all project types offer similar levels of job demands. This study addresses the question of how the perception of job demands varies by job title (project manager, engineer, and project team member) and across project type (construction, research and development, and information technology). Using a sample of 208 project personnel, we examined the dimensions of burnout (emotional exhaustion, cynicism, and reduced personal efficacy) for the evidence of their differential impact across both job title and project type. Our findings suggest that there is no significant difference in perceived job demands across both job title and project type. However, we found that project managers have a significantly higher level of the emotional exhaustion form of burnout than other job classifications and construction project personnel suffer from a significantly higher level of emotional exhaustion than those working on other classes of project. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]