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Cariogenic oral biofilms cause recurrent dental caries around composite restorations, resulting in unprosperous oral health and expensive restorative treatment. Quaternary ammonium monomers that can be copolymerized with dental resin systems have been explored for the modulation of dental plaque biofilm growth over dental composite surfaces. Here, for the first time, we investigated the effect of bis(2-methacryloyloxyethyl) dimethylammonium bromide (QADM) on human overlying mature oral biofilms grown intra-orally in human participants for 7–14 days. Seventeen volunteers wore palatal devices containing composite specimens containing 10% by mass of QADM or a control composite without QADM. After 7 and 14 days, the adherent biofilms were collected to determine bacterial counts via colony-forming unit (CFU) counts. Biofilm viability, chronological changes, and percentage coverage were also determined through live/dead staining. QADM composites caused a significant inhibition of Streptococcus mutans biofilm formation for up to seven days. No difference in the CFU values were found for the 14-day period. Our findings suggest that: (1) QADM composites were successful in inhibiting 1–3-day biofilms in the oral environment in vivo; (2) QADM significantly reduced the portion of the S. mutans group; and (3) stronger antibiofilm activity is required for the control of mature long-term cariogenic biofilms. Contact-killing strategies using dental materials aimed at preventing or at least reducing high numbers of cariogenic bacteria seem to be a promising approach in patients at high risk of the recurrence of dental caries around composites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: There are investigations on multiple photosensitizers for modulation of caries-related biofilms using PDT. However, much controversy remains about recommended parameters mostly on the selection of an efficient photosensitizer., Objective: The study performed a systematic review to identify the answer to the following question: What photosensitizers present high bactericidal efficacy against cariogenic biofilms?, Methods: Systematic review with meta-analyses were carried out for English language articles from October to December 2019 (PRISMA standards) using MEDLINE, Scopus, Biomed Central, EMBASE, LILACS, and Web of Science. Information on study design, biofilm model, photosensitizer, light source, energy delivery, the incubation time for photosensitizer, and bacterial reduction outcomes were recorded. We performed two meta-analyses to compare bacterial reduction, data was expressed by (1) base 10 Logarithm values and (2) Log reduction RESULTS: After the eligibility criteria were applied (PEDro scale), the selected studies showed that toluidine Blue Ortho (TBO) and methylene blue (MBO) (5-min incubation time and 5-min irradiation) demonstrated better bacterial reduction outcomes. For the data expressed by Log TBO, MBO, curcumin, and Photogem® presented a significant bacterial decrease in comparison to the control (p = 0.042). For the data represented by Log reduction, the bacterial reduction toward S.mutans was not significant for any photosensitizer (p = 0.679)., Conclusion: The lack of methodological standardization among the studies still hinders the establishment of photosensitizer and bactericidal efficiency. TBO, MBO, curcumin, and photogem generate greater PDT-based bacterial reduction on caries-related bacteria.. Further clinical studies are necessary in order to obtain conclusive results., (Copyright © 2020. Published by Elsevier B.V.)

Background: Dental caries comprises the most prevalent chronic disease in children worldwide and is considered a public health problem. p Introduction: Few educational oral health applications, directed to the preschool public, are available. The present study aimed at developing an educational game in application format for mobile devices and tested its usability. Materials and Methods: Forty-three children were randomly selected to participate in the study. The methodology used in the development of the application was based on an interactive children's book flux design. The application was elaborated for the Android ™ and iOS ™ platforms. To evaluate usability, a test method composed of observation and interview surveying was used, and the measuring mechanism consisted of the User's Success Rate. The sample ( N  = 43) was randomly composed of preschool students (3-5 years of age) from a public school in Brazil. Results: In the effectiveness tests, the success rates of the Story and Game Menus were 97.6% and 85.3%, respectively. In the efficiency tests, the respective rates were 80.2% and 82.1%. The satisfaction evaluation rate was 99.7%. Discussion: The game "Put the healthy food into the mouth" showed to be difficult in utilization due to the children's lack of knowledge concerning healthy foods ( p < 0.001 and 95% confidence interval). Three year olds demonstrated a greater requirement for assistance during navigation. Conclusions: The application was successful regarding the following three assessed attributes: (1) effectiveness, (2) efficiency, and (3) satisfaction. However, dietary education was observed to be necessary for the children and their guardians.