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Abstract Antibacterial bone cements (ABCs), such as antibiotic-loaded bone cements (ALBCs), have been widely utilized in clinical treatments. Currently, bone cements loaded with vancomycin, gentamicin, tobramycin, or clindamycin are approved by the US Food and Drug Administration. However, traditional ALBCs exhibit drawbacks like burst release and bacterial resistance. Therefore, there is a demand for the development of antibacterial bone cements containing novel agents to address these defects. In this review, we provide an overview and prospect of the new antibacterial agents that can be used or have the potential to be applied in bone cement, including metallic antibacterial agents, pH-switchable antibacterial agents, cationic polymers, N-halamines, non-leaching acrylic monomers, antimicrobial peptides and enzymes. Additionally, we have conducted a preliminary assessment of the feasibility of bone cement containing N-halamine, which has demonstrated good antibacterial activities. The conclusion of this review is that the research and utilization of bone cement containing novel antibacterial agents contribute to addressing the limitations of ALBCs. Therefore, it is necessary to continue expanding the research and use of bone cement incorporating novel antibacterial agents. This review offers a novel perspectives for designing ABCs and treating bone infections. Graphical abstract

Abstract To tackle the clinical challenge of noninvasively assessing immunotherapy efficacy in patients, here we used positron emission tomography (PET) with 68Ga-grazytracer, which targets granzyme B, a crucial effector molecule secreted by activated CD8+ T cells. In this phase 1/2 clinical trial (NCT05000372) involving a diverse cohort of 24 patients with solid tumors and lymphomas who received immunotherapies, including immune checkpoint inhibitors (either alone or with chemotherapies) and chimeric antigen receptor-T cell therapy, we examined the in vivo behaviors of 68Ga-grazytracer. Primary endpoints were safety, biodistribution, granzyme B specificity, and the predictive utility of 68Ga-grazytracer, while secondary endpoint was the relationship between 68Ga-grazytracer uptake and tumor immune phenotype. 68Ga-grazytracer exhibited a safe profile and specifically targeted granzyme B in patients. 68Ga-grazytracer PET showed superior predictive value for short-term prognosis and progression-free survival than those of conventional assessment criteria, including RECIST 1.1 and PERCIST. Moreover, the uptake of 68Ga-grazytracer in tumors was significantly higher in those with a “non-desert” immune phenotype than those with an immune “desert” phenotype, thereby meeting the primary and secondary endpoints of this trial. Collectively, we successfully visualized CD8+ T cell effector function in humans using 68Ga-grazytracer PET, offering insights for enhancing immunotherapy assessment, patient stratification and treatment planning.

Abstract Background Cervical cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related death among women worldwide, and effective therapeutic strategies for its treatment are limited. Recent studies have indicated that ferroptosis, a form of regulated cell death, is a promising therapeutic strategy. KLF14 has been shown to regulate both cell proliferation and apoptosis in cervical cancer. However, its role in modulating lipid peroxidation and ferroptosis remains largely unexplored and enigmatic. Methods SiHa and HeLa cells were transduced with lentiviral vectors to overexpress KLF14. Protein levels were analyzed via western blotting and immunohistochemistry (IHC). LDH assays, calcein-AM/propidium iodide (PI) staining, and generation of cell growth curves using a real-time cell analysis (RTCA) system were used to detect cell damage and proliferation. Cellular ROS, lipid ROS, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and Fe2+ assays and a xenograft mouse model were used to measure the level of ferroptosis. Proteomics combined with bioinformatics methods was used to screen target genes regulated by KLF14, and CUT&Tag and dual-luciferase assays confirmed the repression of GPX4 by KLF14 via direct binding to its promoter. Results KLF14 is abnormally expressed in various tumors and downregulated in cervical cancer. Overexpression of KLF14 induced ferroptosis and inhibited cell proliferation in vitro as well as xenograft tumorigenicity in vivo. Mechanistic studies revealed that KLF14 binds to the promoter of GPX4, suppressing its transcriptional activity and thereby decreasing its expression, which contributes to the induction of ferroptosis. Truncation and point mutation analyses of the GPX4 promoter revealed multiple binding sites for KLF14 within the − 1000 bp to + 35 bp region, which are responsible for its inhibitory effect on GPX4 transcription. Additionally, deletion of the zinc finger motif in KLF14 abolished its inhibitory effect on GPX4 promoter activity and cell proliferation. Conclusion Our data revealed a previously unidentified function of KLF14 in promoting ferroptosis, which results in the suppression of cell proliferation. Mechanistically, we revealed a novel regulatory mechanism by which KLF14 targets GPX4. These findings suggest a novel strategy to induce ferroptosis through the targeting of KLF14 in human cervical cancer cells.

Abstract Background Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a major global cardiovascular health threat and the leading cause of death in many countries. The disease has a significant impact in China, where it has become the leading cause of death. There is an urgent need to develop non-invasive, rapid, cost-effective, and reliable techniques for the early detection of CAD using machine learning (ML). Methods Six hundred eight participants were divided into three groups: healthy, hypertensive, and CAD. The raw data of pulse wave from those participants was collected. The data were de-noised, normalized, and analyzed using several applications. Seven ML classifiers were used to model the processed data, including Decision Tree (DT), Random Forest (RF), Gradient Boosting Decision Tree (GBDT), Extra Trees (ET), Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), Light Gradient Boosting (LightGBM), and Unbiased Boosting with Categorical Features (CatBoost). Results The Extra Trees classifier demonstrated the best classification performance. After tunning, the results performance evaluation on test set are: 0.8579 accuracy, 0.9361 AUC, 0.8561 recall, 0.8581 precision, 0.8571 F1 score, 0.7859 kappa coefficient, and 0.7867 MCC. The top 10 feature importances of ET model are w/t 1, t 3/t max , t max , t 3/t 1, As, h f/3, t f/3/t max , t f/5, w and t f/3/t 1. Conclusion Radial artery pulse wave can be used to identify healthy, hypertensive and CAD participants by using Extra Trees Classifier. This method provides a potential pathway to recognize CAD patients by using a simple, non-invasive, and cost-effective technique.

Abstract Background Intra-lobar (ILS) and extra-lobar lung (ELS) sequestrations represent rare congenital lung malformations. Despite their benign nature, the lesions pose risks such as recurrent pulmonary infections, hemoptysis, congestive heart failure, and tumor development. Pulmonary sequestration (PS) typically manifests in two forms, ILS and ELS, with bilateral occurrence being exceptionally rare and mostly requiring bilateral thoracic surgery. Case presentation A 9-year-old child, who initially presented with bilateral lung lesions without respiratory symptoms, was diagnosed with PS following a chest computed tomography scan. The surgical approach was determined based on the absence of inflammation and the clear demarcation of the lesions from normal lung tissue, highlighted by a unique tissue connection between the ILS and ELS across the chest cavities. We used a novel method wherein the left ELS was successfully pulled into the right chest cavity and both sequestrations were concurrently resected. Postoperative recovery was smooth, with no complications or residual lesions. Conclusions Our findings highlight the importance of thorough preoperative planning with enhanced computed tomography. Simultaneous unilateral thoracoscopic surgery can be a viable, less invasive option for treating bilateral PS, offering benefits such as reduced recovery time and better cosmetic outcomes.

Abstract Objective To evaluate the potential utility of 18F-FDG PET/CT to assess response to neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy in patients with resectable NSCLC, and the ability to screen patients who may benefit from neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy. Methods Fifty one resectable NSCLC (stage IA–IIIB) patients were analyzed, who received two-three cycles neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy.18F-FDG PET/CT was carried out at baseline(scan-1) and prior to radical resection(scan-2). SULmax, SULpeak, MTV, TLG, T/N ratio, ΔSULmax%,ΔSULpeak%, ΔMTV%, ΔTLG%,ΔT/N ratio% were calculated. 18F-FDG PET/CT responses were classified using PERCIST. We then compared the RECIST 1.1 and PERCIST criteria for response assessment.With surgical pathology of primary lesions as the gold standard, the correlation between metabolic parameters of 18F-FDG PET/CT and major pathologic response (MPR) was analyzed. All metabolic parameters were compared to treatment response and correlated to PFS and OS. Results In total of fifty one patients, MPR was achieved in 25(49%, 25/51) patients after neoadjuvant therapy. The metabolic parameters of Scan-1 were not correlated with MPR.The degree of pathological regression was negatively correlated with SULmax, SULpeak, MTV, TLG, T/N ratio of scan-2, and the percentage changes of the ΔSULmax%, ΔSULpeak%, ΔMTV%,ΔTLG%,ΔT/N ratio% after neoadjuvant therapy (p

Abstract Background Bi-allelic variants in DNAH11 have been identified as causative factors in Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia, leading to abnormal respiratory cilia. Nonetheless, the specific impact of these variants on human sperm flagellar and their involvement in male infertility remain largely unknown. Methods A collaborative effort involving two Chinese reproductive centers conducted a study with 975 unrelated infertile men. Whole-exome sequencing was employed for variant screening, and Sanger sequencing confirmed the identified variants. Morphological and ultrastructural analyses of sperm were conducted using Scanning Electron Microscopy and Transmission Electron Microscopy. Western Blot Analysis and Immunofluorescence Analysis were utilized to assess protein levels and localization. ICSI was performed to evaluate its efficacy in achieving favorable pregnancy outcomes for individuals with DNAH11 variants. Results In this study, we identified seven novel variants in the DNAH11 gene in four asthenoteratozoospermia subjects. These variants led the absence of DNAH11 proteins and ultrastructure defects in sperm flagella, particularly affecting the outer dynein arms (ODAs) and adjacent structures. The levels of ODA protein DNAI2 and axoneme related proteins were down regulated, instead of inner dynein arms (IDA) proteins DNAH1 and DNAH6. Two out of four individuals with DNAH11 variants achieved clinical pregnancies through ICSI. The findings confirm the association between male infertility and bi-allelic deleterious variants in DNAH11, resulting in the aberrant assembly of sperm flagella and contributing to asthenoteratozoospermia. Importantly, ICSI emerges as an effective intervention for overcoming reproductive challenges caused by DNAH11 gene variants.

Abstract Objective To systematically review the clinical efficacy (pain, function, quality of life) and safety of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in the treatment of frozen shoulder through meta-analysis, and provide evidence-based medical evidence for the effectiveness of PRP in the treatment of frozen shoulder. Methods A search was conducted on international databases (Pubmed, Web of science, Embase) and Chinese databases (CNKI, Wanfang, VIP) to search the clinical studies on the efficacy of platelet-rich plasma in treating frozen shoulder (adhesive capsulitis/periarthritis/50 shoulder) and their corresponding references published from inception until January 2024. Thoroughly excluded literature not meeting the predetermined inclusion criteria, extracted relevant data from the literature, and input it into RevMan5.4 for meta-analysis. Results This study ultimately included 14 RCTs, with a total of 1024 patients. The results showed that PRP has significant advantages compared with control groups in VAS (mean difference (MD) =-0.38, 95% confidence interval(CI)(-0.73, -0.03), P = 0.03), UCLA (MD = 3.31, 95% CI (1.02,5.60), P = 0.005), DASH (MD = -4.94,95% CI (-9.34, -0.53), P = 0.03), SPADI (SPADI Total: MD =-16.87, 95% CI (-22.84, -10.91), P

Boscalid is a pesticide with the advantages of broad spectrum bactericidal activity, high efficiency, low toxicity, and no cross-resistance with other fungicides currently available on the market. Herein, we report the synthesis of 4′-chloro-2-nitrobiphenyl, a key intermediate of Boscalid using a palladium-catalyzed Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling employing the 2-aryl-substituted indenyl phosphine ligand. 4′-Chloro-2-nitrobiphenyl was prepared in 94 % yield on a 100 g scale. This method allows for the industrial production of alimide and active substances bearing a biphenyl moiety.

Abstract Cellular senescence is widely acknowledged as having strong associations with cancer. However, the intricate relationships between cellular senescence-related (CSR) genes and cancer risk remain poorly explored, with insights on causality remaining elusive. In this study, Mendelian Randomization (MR) analyses were used to draw causal inferences from 866 CSR genes as exposures and summary statistics for 18 common cancers as outcomes. We focused on genetic variants affecting gene expression, DNA methylation, and protein expression quantitative trait loci (cis-eQTL, cis-mQTL, and cis-pQTL, respectively), which were strongly linked to CSR genes alterations. Variants were selected as instrumental variables (IVs) and analyzed for causality with cancer using both summary-data-based MR (SMR) and two-sample MR (TSMR) approaches. Bayesian colocalization was used to unravel potential regulatory mechanisms underpinning risk variants in cancer, and further validate the robustness of MR results. We identified five CSR genes (CNOT6, DNMT3B, MAP2K1, TBPL1, and SREBF1), 18 DNA methylation genes, and LAYN protein expression which were all causally associated with different cancer types. Beyond causality, a comprehensive analysis of gene function, pathways, and druggability values was also conducted. These findings provide a robust foundation for unravelling CSR genes molecular mechanisms and promoting clinical drug development for cancer.

Abstract Homotypic cell-in-cell structures (hoCICs) are associated with tumor proliferation, invasion, and metastasis and is considered a promising prognostic marker in various cancers. However, the role of hoCICs in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains unclear. Tumor tissue sections were obtained from 411 NSCLC patients. We analyzed the relationship between clinicopathological variables and the number of hoCICs. LASSO and multivariate Cox regression analysis were employed to identify prognostic factors for NSCLC. The impact of hoCICs on overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) was assessed using the Kaplan–Meier curves and log-rank test. Prognostic models for OS and DFS were developed and validated using the C-index, time-dependent area under the curve (AUC), net reclassification improvement (NRI), integrated discrimination improvement (IDI), calibration curves and decision curve analysis (DCA). Among the cohort, 56% of patients had hoCICs while 44% did not. Notably, hoCICs were primarily found at the tumor invasion front. Male gender, smoking, squamous cell carcinoma, low differentiation, tumor size ≥ 3 cm, advanced TNM stage, lymph node metastasis, pleural invasion, vascular invasion, necrosis, P53 mutation, and high expression of Ki-67 were identified as relative risk factors for hoCICs. Furthermore, hoCICs was found to be a significant prognostic factor for both OS and DFS, with higher frequencies of hoCICs correlating with poorer outcomes. We constructed nomograms for predicting 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS and DFS based on hoCICs, and the calibration curves showed good agreement between the predicted and actual outcomes. The results of the C-index, time-dependent AUC, NRI, IDI, and DCA analyses demonstrated that incorporating hoCICs into the prognostic model significantly enhanced its predictive power and clinical applicability. HoCICs indicated independent perdictive value for OS and DFS in patients with NSCLC. Furthermore, the frequent localization of hoCICs at the tumor invasion front suggested a strong association between hoCICs and tumor invasion as well as metastasis.

Abstract Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) constitutes approximately 10% to 15% of all lung cancer diagnoses and represents a pressing global public health challenge due to its high mortality rates. The efficacy of conventional treatments for SCLC is suboptimal, characterized by limited anti-tumoral effects and frequent relapses. In this context, emerging research has pivoted towards immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy, a rapidly advancing field that has shown promise in ameliorating the clinical outcomes of SCLC patients. Through originally developed for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), these therapies have extended new treatment avenues for SCLC. Currently, a nexus of emerging hot-spot treatments has demonstrated significant therapeutic efficacy. Based on the amalgamation of chemotherapy and immunotherapy, and the development of new immunotherapy agents, the treatment of SCLC has seen the hoping future. Progress has been achieved in enhancing the tumor immune microenvironment through the concomitant use of chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI), as evinced by emerging clinical trial data. Moreover, a tripartite approach involving immunotherapy, targeted therapy, and chemotherapy appears auspicious for future clinical applications. Overcoming resistance to post-immunotherapy regimens remains an urgent area of exploration. Finally, bispecific antibodies, adoptive cell transfer (ACT), oncolytic virus, monotherapy, including Delta-like ligand 3 (DLL3) and T cell immunoreceptor with Ig and ITIM domains (TIGIT), as well as precision medicine, may present a prospective route towards achieving curative outcomes in SCLC. This review aims to synthesize extant literature and highlight future directions in SCLC treatment, acknowledging the persistent challenges in the field. Furthermore, the continual development of novel therapeutic agents and technologies renders the future of SCLC treatment increasingly optimistic.

Abstract Background Breast cancer (BC) remains the most commonly malignancy among women worldwide. Although early-stage BC typically presents with curative possibilities, advanced-stage disease, especially with metastasis, is significantly limited in terms of effective therapeutic interventions, thereby establishing it as the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in women. Antibody–Drug Conjugates (ADCs) establish a groundbreaking class of anti-neoplastic agents characterized by high specificity and targeting precision. These agents have been significant in reshaping the therapeutic approach to breast cancer, especially those subtypes with overexpression of the Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 (HER2). Comprising monoclonal antibodies, cytotoxic payloads, and conjugative linkers, ADCs function by specifically targeting antigens on cancer cells, thereby facilitating the intracellular delivery of the toxic payload. The present investigation endeavors to synthesize existing primary research outcomes through rigorous bibliometric and data analytical approaches, thereby elucidating the current research landscape, delineating research foci, and identifying potential avenues for future innovation. Methods For bibliometric analysis, a comprehensive data set comprising 2181 entries related to ADCs in breast cancer was retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) spanning the years 1999 to 2023. This data was further filtered from the Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-Expanded). Analysis software tools such as CiteSpace and VOSviewer were employed for multifaceted analyses such as trends of publications, contributions of countries, and burst analytics. In the dimension of clinical trials, we interrogated databases including ClinicalTrials.gov ( https://www.clinicaltrials.gov ) and the WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP) ( https://trialsearch.who.int ). A total of 239 clinical trials were initially sourced, among which, 175 were from ClinicalTrials.gov and 64 from ICTRP. After repetitive and correlation-based screening, 119 trials specifically addressing ADC therapeutic strategies in breast cancer were included. Analytical algorithms were executed using Microsoft-based software to evaluate treatment paradigms, emergent research themes, and progress. Results Our investigations signify a growing trend of research on ADCs, with consistent advancements in scientific achievements. The analysis revealed that variables such as economic stratification of nations, healthcare investment paradigms, and disease incidence rates serve as significant determinants in shaping research output. Geographically, the United States emerged as the predominant contributor to the research corpus (36.56%), closely followed by China (21.33%). The underpinning of research accomplishments was found to be significantly bolstered by advancements in molecular biology, immunology, and genetic research. Moreover, the advent of nuclear magnetic resonance diagnostic modalities has contributed saliently to the diagnostic and therapeutic management of breast cancer. Conclusion Our study provides a comprehensive overview of the ADC research landscape through rigorous bibliometric and clinical trial evaluations. At present, the ADC arena has witnessed the successful development and FDA approval of 14 distinct agents, substantially improving the clinical outcomes for a broad spectrum of oncological patients. Future research imperatives may include the exploration of ADCs targeting mutated oncoproteins, dual-specificity ADCs, combination payload strategies, peptide-drug conjugates (PDCs), and non-internalizing ADC modalities. With sustained academic and clinical focus, the ADC domain is poised for transformative advancements in targeted therapeutics across a variety of malignancies.

To promote the construction of public physical education online courses in colleges and universities and the evaluation of the effectiveness of course teaching, this article combines 3D reconstruction techniques in computer vision to construct a set of human body shape reconstruction models and apply them to physical training exercises and teaching effectiveness assessment tasks. Specifically, first, the joint point location information of the human body in the input image is extracted using the human skeleton analysis algorithm, and modeling the foreground and background pose information of the target region using the Pix2Pix image transformation algorithm; second, multi-scale features such as nodal location features, foreground and background features, high-resolution detail features, and low-resolution global features are fused and the extracted multi-scale features are also decoded with the help of pixel-aligned implicit functions to generate a 3D model of the human body representing the human form.

In this paper, the impulsive synchronization of a class of nonlinear multiple neural networks (MNNs) with multi-delays was considered under a dynamic event-based mechanism. To achieve a more comprehensive synchronization outcome and mitigate the conservativeness of impulsive control due to predetermined time sequences, we integrated a dynamic event-triggered strategy. This approach formed a novel control framework for generalized MNNs, where impulsive inputs were applied only under specific conditions governed by event-triggering rules. Towards the above objectives, the impulsive jumping system, resulting from dynamic component, and matrix measure method were invoked to directly increase the computational simplicity and extensibility of the study. As the outcome, the synchronization criteria for the MNNs could be achieved, and the exponential convergence rate is resolved by considering both the generalized comparison principle regarding impulsive systems and the variable parameter formula. Moreover, Zeno-freeness of the achieved triggering regulation is ensured. Finally, two numerical examples confirmed the validity of the designed approach.

The bacterial communities in rhizosphere soil interact with the roots of plants. This interaction is beneficial for both the bacteria and the plants, which makes it very important to identify the structure of these bacterial communities for plant growth and development. However, the composition characteristics of bacterial communities in rhizosphere soil of 2-year and 5-year Haloxylon ammodendron have not been clearly defined. The purpose of this study was to identify the diverse composition of 2-year and 5-year Haloxylon ammodendron in Turpan, Xinjiang. Thus, rhizosphere soil bacteria were analyzed by isolating, purifying, and identifying the species through high-throughput sequencing technology. The bacterial strains in the rhizosphere soil of Haloxylon ammodendron were isolated with the dilution coating method, resulting in 37 isolated strains. The selective media were used to screen the growth-promoting characteristics of the rhizosphere soil isolates of Haloxylon ammodendron. The results of high-throughput amplification sequencing showed that the rhizosphere bacteria in the 2-year rhizosphere soil belonged to 45 phyla, 109 classes, 288 orders, 451 families, 826 genera, and 404 species, and those in the 5-year rhizosphere soil belonged to 56 phyla, 148 classes, 369 orders, 601 families, 1062 genera, and 671 species. Among them, Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteriota, Bacteroidota, Crenarchaeota, and so on are the dominant bacteria. There were 12206 and 14,053 OTUs in the 2-year-old and 5-year-old rhizosphere soil bacteria, respectively, and 3329 OTUs in the 2-year- and 5-year-old rhizosphere soil, accounting for 16.98% of the total number of OTUs. The results showed that three strains, sg16, sg21, and ss4, had the highest inorganic phosphorus solubility index (1.58). The isolated strain did not have the ability to dissolve organophosphorus and potassium, while the screened strain sg16 had the ability to fix nitrogen. Two strains with a good iron-bearing capacity, Sg9F and Sg1, were screened, among which Sg9F had the highest D/d value and Sg9F had the strongest iron-bearing capacity. The results showed that 37 strains of rhizosphere soil bacteria belonged to six genera. They are Bacillus, Corynebacterium, Phyllobacterium, Lysinibacillus, Sinorhizobium meliloti, and Streptomyces levis. Among them are sg21 (Bacillus sp.), sg1 (Bacillus sp.), sg9F (Streptomyces levis), sg16 (Phyllobacterium phragmitis), and ss4 (Sinorhizobium meliloti). This study provides a particular research basis for the influence of Haloxylon ammodendron rhizosphere bacteria on soil nutrient release and depicts a solution for improving the yield and quality of cistanche deserticola indirectly through isolating, screening, and identifying rhizosphere soil bacteria, including screening strains with growth-promoting functions and analyzing the population structure of rhizosphere bacteria in 2- and 5-year soil in combination with high-throughput sequencing technology.

Changes in structure and properties of resin matrix caused by water absorption is one of the key factors affecting the long-term durability of fiber reinforced polymer composites used in civil engineering. In the present study, the water diffusion and structural change in an epoxy resin were investigated experimentally through immersion in deionized water at 40, 60 and 80 °C for 135 days. Water absorption, thermal, mechanical and microstructure analysis tests were conducted to evaluate the long-term property evolution. It was found that the water absorption of epoxy resin followed a two-stage model, including an initial Fick's diffusion response and a subsequent relaxation response. Long-term hygrothermal exposure brought about the structural change of epoxy resin, which led to the significant degradation up to 8%–30% in the mechanical properties and 21% in glass transition temperature, respectively. The resin plasticization and hydrolysis was the key factors for the degradation of thermal and mechanical properties. It was proved that the plasticization effect was reversible with the remove of bonding water after the drying. Based on the Arrhenius equation, the long-term life of flexural strength in two service environments were predicted to provide the application guideline. The significant degradation of flexural strength was occurred at the initial exposure of 2000 days and then reached to the stable strength retention of 69.6%.

Abstract Background The myeloblastosis (MYB) transcription factor (TF) family is one of the largest and most important TF families in plants, playing an important role in a life cycle and abiotic stress. Results In this study, 268 Avena sativa MYB (AsMYB) TFs from Avena sativa were identified and named according to their order of location on the chromosomes, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis of the AsMYB and Arabidopsis MYB proteins were performed to determine their homology, the AsMYB1R proteins were classified into 5 subgroups, and the AsMYB2R proteins were classified into 34 subgroups. The conserved domains and gene structure were highly conserved among the subgroups. Eight differentially expressed AsMYB genes were screened in the transcriptome of transcriptional data and validated through RT-qPCR. Three genes in AsMYB2R subgroup, which are related to the shortened growth period, stomatal closure, and nutrient and water transport by PEG-induced drought stress, were investigated in more details. The AsMYB1R subgroup genes LHY and REV 1, together with GST, regulate ROS homeostasis to ensure ROS signal transduction and scavenge excess ROS to avoid oxidative damage. Conclusion The results of this study confirmed that the AsMYB TFs family is involved in the homeostatic regulation of ROS under drought stress. This lays the foundation for further investigating the involvement of the AsMYB TFs family in regulating A. sativa drought response mechanisms.

As an emerging technology, digital twin is expected to bring novel application modes to the whole life cycle process of unmanned ground equipment, including research and development, design, control optimization, operation and maintenance, etc. The highly dynamic, complex, and uncertain characteristics of unmanned ground equipment and the battlefield environment also pose new challenges for digital twin technology. Starting from the new challenges faced by the digital twin of unmanned ground equipment, this paper designs a service-oriented cloud-edge-end collaborative platform architecture of the digital twin system of unmanned ground equipment, and further analyzes several key technologies supporting the implementation of the platform architecture.

Abstract Background Cancer recurrence following surgical resection is a major cause of treatment failure. Finding effective methods to prevent postoperative recurrence and wound infection is an important component of successful surgery. With the development of new nanotechnology, more treatment options have been provided for postoperative adjuvant therapy. This study presents an innovative hydrogel system that stimulates tumoricidal immunity after surgical resection of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and prevents cancer relapse. Results The hydrogel system is based on the excellent photothermal conversion performance of single-atom platinum (CN-Pt) along with the delivery and release of the chemotherapy drug, gemcitabine (GEM). The system is coated onto the wound surface after tumor removal with subsequent near-infrared (NIR) photothermal therapy, which efficiently induces necroptosis of residual cancer cells, amplifies the levels of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), and increases the number of M1 macrophages. The significantly higher levels of phagocytic macrophages enhance tumor immunogenicity and sensitize cancer cells to CD8 + T-cell immunity to control postoperative recurrence, which has been verified using an animal model of postoperative lung cancer recurrence. The CN-Pt-GEM-hydrogel with NIR can also inhibit postoperative wound infection. Conclusions These findings introduce an alternative strategy for supplementing antitumor immunity in patients undergoing resection of NSCLC tumors. The CN-Pt-GEM-hydrogel with the NIR system also exhibits good biosafety and may be adaptable for clinical application in relation to tumor resection surgery, wound tissue filling, infection prevention, and recurrence prevention.

Bacillus subtilis and Lactobacillus casei were commonly used in the production of fermented bean products. The effects of fermentation by two types of bacteria on the hypoglycemic and lipid-lowering activities of crude polysaccharides from bean flour were analyzed. In this study, 8 kinds of crude polysaccharide samples from fermented edible beans by the two types of bacteria were prepared. And the composition, water solubility, in vitro hypoglycemic and lipid-lowering activity of crude polysaccharides from before and after bean flour fermentation by the two types of bacteria were compared and analyzed. The results showed that the content of uronic acid in the crude polysaccharide from fermented bean flour increased. The content of uronic acid in the crude polysaccharides from fermented bean flour by Bacillus subtilis (4.05%~22.46%) was significantly higher than that of the crude polysaccharides from fermented bean flour by Lactobacillus casei (2.63%~10.72%) (P

Objective To explore the effects and mechanisms involved in glioma conditioned medium for inducing glycolysis and oncogenic mediators in macrophages. Methods Bone marrow derived macrophage (BMDM) induced by hypoxia and mouse glioma cell line GL261 conditioned medium (GCM)(GCM-BMDM) were used as a model. The mRNA level of M1 and M2 oncogenic mediators, hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) and glycolysis associated genes in GCM-BMDM were detected by qPCR. The extracellular acidification rate (ECAR) of GCM-BMDM was detected by Seahorse bioenergy assay method. The protein levels of signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 (STAT6), signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(STAT3) and their phosphorylated forms p-STAT6 and p-STAT3 were examined by Western blot. Results GCM stimulated mRNA expression of Hif-1α and a variety of M1 and M2 oncogenic mediators in BMDM (P＜0.01). GCM upregulated the mRNA expression of multiple glycolysis associated genes (P＜0.01) and increased glycolysis level in BMDM (P＜0.001). The glycolysis level was reduced by incubation with lactate dehydrogenase inhibitor stiripentol (STP) (P＜0.05). STP down-regulated mRNA levels of Hif-1α and oncogenic mediators Il-1β, Il-6, Ido and Cd163 in GCM-BMDM(P＜0.01). STP decreased the ratio of p-STAT3 /STAT3 and p-STAT6 /STAT6 in GCM-BMDM (P＜0.05). Conclusions GCM increases glycolysis level and induces the pro-tumoral phenotypes in GAMs through promoting transcriptional regulation mediated by HIF-1α, STAT3 and STAT6. STP can effectively reduce glycolysis and transcriptional expression of oncogenic mediators in GAMs.

Abstract Background Breast cancer is a serious threat to women’s health with high morbidity and mortality. The development of more effective therapies for the treatment of breast cancer is strongly warranted. Growing evidence suggests that targeting glucose metabolism may be a promising cancer treatment strategy. We previously identified a new glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) inhibitor, DC-5163, which shows great potential in inhibiting tumor growth. Here, we evaluated the anticancer potential of DC-5163 in breast cancer cells. Methods The effects of DC-5163 on breast cancer cells were investigated in vitro and in vivo. Seahorse, glucose uptake, lactate production, and cellular ATP content assays were performed to examine the impact of DC-5163 on cellular glycolysis. Cell viability, colony-forming ability, cell cycle, and apoptosis were assessed by CCK8 assay, colony formation assay, flow cytometry, and immunoblotting respectively. The anticancer activity of DC-5163 in vivo was evaluated in a mouse breast cancer xenograft model. Results DC-5163 suppressed aerobic glycolysis and reduced energy supply of breast cancer cells, thereby inhibiting breast cancer cell growth, inducing cell cycle arrest in the G0/G1 phase, and increasing apoptosis. The therapeutic efficacy was assessed using a breast cancer xenograft mouse model. DC-5163 treatment markedly suppressed tumor growth in vivo without inducing evident systemic toxicity. Micro-PET/CT scans revealed a notable reduction in tumor 18F-FDG and 18F-FLT uptake in the DC-5163 treatment group compared to the DMSO control group. Conclusions Our results suggest that DC-5163 is a promising GAPDH inhibitor for suppressing breast cancer growth without obvious side effects. 18F-FDG and 18F-FLT PET/CT can noninvasively assess the levels of glycolysis and proliferation in tumors following treatment with DC-5163.

Abstract Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) uses a biphasic lifecycle of latency and lytic reactivation to infect >95% of adults worldwide. Despite its central role in EBV persistence and oncogenesis, much remains unknown about how EBV latency is maintained. We used a human genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9 screen to identify that the nuclear protein SFPQ was critical for latency. SFPQ supported expression of linker histone H1, which stabilizes nucleosomes and regulates nuclear architecture, but has not been previously implicated in EBV gene regulation. H1 occupied latent EBV genomes, including the immediate early gene BZLF1 promoter. Upon reactivation, SFPQ was sequestered into sub-nuclear puncta, and EBV genomic H1 occupancy diminished. Enforced H1 expression blocked EBV reactivation upon SFPQ knockout, confirming it as necessary downstream of SFPQ. SFPQ knockout triggered reactivation of EBV in B and epithelial cells, as well as of Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus in B cells, suggesting a conserved gamma-herpesvirus role. These findings highlight SFPQ as a major regulator of H1 expression and EBV latency.

Abstract Adverse perinatal factors can interfere with the normal development of the brain, potentially resulting in long-term effects on the comprehensive development of children. Presently, the understanding of cognitive and neurodevelopmental processes under conditions of adverse perinatal factors is substantially limited. There is a critical need for an open resource that integrates various perinatal factors with the development of the brain and mental health to facilitate a deeper understanding of these developmental trajectories. In this Data Descriptor, we introduce a multicenter database containing information on perinatal factors that can potentially influence children’s brain-mind development, namely, periCBD, that combines neuroimaging and behavioural phenotypes with perinatal factors at county/region/central district hospitals. PeriCBD was designed to establish a platform for the investigation of individual differences in brain-mind development associated with perinatal factors among children aged 3–10 years. Ultimately, our goal is to help understand how different adverse perinatal factors specifically impact cognitive development and neurodevelopment. Herein, we provide a systematic overview of the data acquisition/cleaning/quality control/sharing, processes of periCBD.

Abstract Hematopoiesis ensures tissue oxygenation, and remodeling as well as immune protection in vertebrates. During embryogenesis, hemangioblasts are the source of all blood cells. Gata1a and pu.1 are co-expressed in hemangioblasts before hemangioblasts are differentiated into blood cells. However, the genes that determine the differentiation of hemangioblasts into myeloid or erythroid cell lineages have not been fully uncovered. Here we showed that miRNA-7145, a miRNA with previously unknown function, was enriched in erythrocytes at the definitive wave, but not expressed in myeloid cells. Overexpression and loss-of-function analysis of miRNA-7145 revealed that miRNA-7145 functions as a strong inhibitor for myeloid progenitor cell differentiation while driving erythropoiesis during the primitive wave. Furthermore, we confirmed that cuedc2 is one of miRNA-7145 targeted-genes. Overexpression or knock-down of cuedc2 partially rescues the phenotype caused by miRNA-7145 overexpression or loss-of-function. As well, overexpression and loss-of-function analysis of cuedc2 showed that cuedc2 is required for myelopoiesis at the expense of erythropoiesis. Finally, we found that overexpression of zebrafish cuedc2 in 293 T cell inhibits the JAK1/STAT3 signaling pathway. Collectively, our results uncover a previously unknown miRNA-7145-cuedc2 axis, which regulate hematopoiesis through inhibiting the JAK1/STAT3 signaling pathway.

Using the planar flow casting method to prepare ultra-thin silicon steel ribbons is an eco-friendly and efficient production method. However, the poor wettability between silicon steel and copper result in difficulties in formability by planar flow casting, which limits its application in production of silicon steel ultra-thin ribbons. The process parameters of planar flow casting are the key factors affecting the formability and magnetic properties of non-oriented silicon steel ribbons, in which the wheel speed determines the solidification rate of the silicon steel melt, which has an important influence on the surface quality and magnetic properties of silicon steel ultra-thin ribbons. Therefore, in this paper, the effect of wheel speed on microstructures and magnetic properties of Fe-3.0 wt %Si alloy are systematically investigated. The results indicate that as the wheel speed increases, the grain size and thickness gradually decrease. When the wheel speed is between 10 and 15 m/s, the surface of the ribbons is relatively flat. As the wheel speed increases, the surface quality of ribbons gradually deteriorates. The ribbons were in fragment with the wheel speed of 35 m/s. Compared with the ribbons before annealing, the magnetic induction B50 increased significantly and the iron losses P1.0/400 decreased sharply at 400 Hz after annealing. The magnetic induction of the ribbons after annealing with the wheel speed of 10 m/s reaches to 1.628 T as the wheel speed is 10 m/s with the corresponding iron loss is 16.171 W/kg. The lower lamination factor and micropores of the ribbons may cause the poorer magnetic properties.

The miRNA plays a key role in the regulation of hormone signaling in insects. The pathways by which miRNAs affect hormone levels are unclear in the honeybee (Apis mellifera), an indispensable pollinator in nature. In this study, ame-miR-5119 was overexpressed and knocked down in larvae by feeding mimics and inhibitors, respectively, and we determined that ame-miR-5119 regulates hormone signaling through the target gene ecdysis triggering hormone (Eth), which affects the larval-pupal transition of workers. The results showed that ame-miR-5119 with a length of 19 nt targets six genes related to the hormone pathway. We focused on Eth and found that ame-miR-5119 and Eth exhibited reverse expression patterns during the transition from larval to pupal stages in workers. Dual luciferase assay confirmed the negative regulatory between ame-miR-5119 and Eth. Overexpression of ame-miR-5119 decreased the mRNA level of Eth, and the Eth receptor (Ethr) expression was not significantly affected, but the expression levels of juvenile hormone (JH) pathway related genes juvenile hormone acid methyltransferase (Jhamt) and Krüppel homolog 1 (Kr-h1) were significantly reduced. In contrast, knockdown of ame-miR-5119 increased the mRNA level of Eth, and the expression of Ethr, Jhamt and Kr-h1 was significantly upregulated. ame-miR-5119 did not affect larval body weight. The number of larvae overexpressing ame-miR-5119 survived in the prepupal stage was lower than that in the control group, and the number of pupations reduced at 11-day-old. The number of larvae that knocked down ame-miR-5119 survived in the prepupal stage was significantly higher than that in the control group, and the number of pupations increased at 11-day-old. These results indicated that ame-miR-5119 negatively regulates the expression of Eth, indirectly inhibits the expression of Ethr, Jhamt, and Kr-h1, and affects the JH biosynthesis, thereby preventing the metamorphic transition from larva to pupa in worker bees. These findings provide evidence that the miRNA regulation of hormone levels in honey bees.

ObjectivesSpecialty nurses play a crucial role in specialized nursing practice, teaching, management, and research. These nurses often face significant work pressure; therefore, scientifically and effectively assessing their job stress and its sources is vital for enhancing the quality of their work. However, there is currently a dearth of verified assessment tools for measuring job stressors among specialty nurses. Therefore, this study aimed to develop and test an instrument to assess the job stressors applicable to specialty nurses.MethodsWe conducted a multiphase mixed-methods study. The initial scale items were developed from a literature review and structured interviews. The scale was then refined through two rounds of expert consultation (N = 14) and a primary test (N = 20). A main survey (N = 552) was then conducted to evaluate the scale’s construct validity and reliability using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and exploratory factor analysis (EFA).ResultsThe final scale comprises four dimensions with 27 items. The factors included “specialized nursing and work,” “workload and time allocation,” “patient care,” and “work resources and environment.” The EFA explained 69.10% of the variance, while the CFA confirmed a good model fit. The content validity index was 0.980 at the scale level and 0.790–1.000 at the item level. The scale’s reliability was supported by its high Cronbach’s α (0.958), test–retest reliability (0.946), and split-half reliability (0.868).ConclusionOur findings indicate that the job stressor scale developed in this study is valid and reliable, and is recommended for use among specialty nurses to assess their stressors.

This review comprehensively examines the impact of anesthesia and surgical interventions on the immune function of cancer patients postoperatively. Recent studies have shown that surgery and its accompanying anesthesia management can significantly influence immune function in cancer patients, potentially affecting their prognosis. This review synthesizes clinical studies and basic research to summarize the specific effects of anesthesia methods, drugs, postoperative analgesia, intraoperative transfusion, surgical techniques, and trauma extent on the immune function of cancer patients post-surgery. Additionally, this review discusses optimization strategies based on current research, aiming to refine anesthesia and surgical management to maximize the preservation and enhancement of postoperative immune function in cancer patients, with the potential to improve clinical outcomes.

The effective use of soil biological resources requires a thorough understanding of the ecological roles played by biological communities. The majority of research on soil biological communities has concentrated on their structural aspects, such as diversity and composition. However, further efforts are required to provide a comprehensive understanding of community characteristics. Body size can be used to better understand the ecological activities of soil biological communities, as it is a significant life history feature of organisms. The current study examined alterations to the populations of bacteria, fungi, and nematodes in soil samples that were treated with chemical fertilizer (CF), organic fertilizer (OF), or no fertilizer (CK). The results showed that, in comparison to CK, OF treatments reduced the Shannon diversity of the bacterial community. The fertilization treatments (CF and OF) resulted in a significant increase in the community-weighted mean (CWM) of bacterial body size and the relative abundance of Candidatus koribacter, as compared to the CK treatment. The body size and diversity of the fungal did not significantly differ across the fertilization treatments. Additionally, the CF treatment led to a higher relative abundance of Mortierella in the soil when compared to the CK and OF treatments. The CWM of nematode body size varied dramatically across treatments, whereas there was no discernible variation in diversity or composition. Furthermore, a comprehensive analysis has been carried out utilizing three separate approaches to assess the sensitivity of the soil biological community diversity, composition, and body size to environmental changes. These methods include correlation heatmap, redundancy analysis, and structural equation model. The study consistently showed that the CWM body size of soil organisms is more vulnerable to environmental changes compared to the variety and composition of the community structure. Meanwhile, the current study has revealed that this tendency is less prominent in fungal communities and more apparent in nematode colonies. Our results highlight the importance of body size in characterizing the dynamics of soil biological communities. Our findings imply that when examining the ecological roles of soil biological communities, variations in body size should be taken into account.

PurposeThis retrospective cohort study aimed to analyze the relationship between tongue color and coronary artery stenosis severity in 282 patients after underwent coronary angiography.MethodsA retrospective cohort study was conducted to collect data from patients who underwent coronary angiography in the Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Jiading District Central Hospital from October 1, 2023 to January 15, 2024. All patients were divided into four various stenosis groups. The tongue images of each patient was normalized captured, tongue body (TC_) and tongue coating (CC_) data were converted into RGB and HSV model parameters using SMX System 2.0. Four supervised machine learning classifiers were used to establish a coronary artery stenosis grading prediction model, including random forest (RF), logistic regression, and support vector machine (SVM). Accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score were used as classification indicators to evaluate the training and validation performance of the model. SHAP values were furthermore used to explore the impacts of features.ResultsThis study finally included 282 patients, including 164 males (58.16%) and 118 females (41.84%). 69 patients without stenosis, 70 patients with mild stenosis, 65 patients with moderate stenosis, and 78 patients with severe stenosis. Significant differences of tongue parameters were observed in the four groups [TC_R (P = 0.000), TC_G (P = 0.003), TC_H (P = 0.001) and TC_S (P = 0.024),CC_R (P = 0.006), CC_B (P = 0.023) and CC_S (P = 0.001)]. The SVM model had the highest predictive ability, with AUC values above 0.9 in different stenosis groups, and was particularly good at identifying mild and severe stenosis (AUC = 0.98). SHAP value showed that high values of TC_RIGHT_R, low values of CC_LEFT_R were the most impact factors to predict no coronary stenosis; high CC_LEFT_R and low TC_ROOT_H for mild coronary stenosis; low TC_ROOT_R and CC_ROOT_B for moderate coronary stenosis; high CC_RIGHT_G and low TC_ROOT_H for severe coronary stenosis.ConclusionTongue color parameters can provide a reference for predicting the degree of coronary artery stenosis. The study provides insights into the potential application of tongue color parameters in predicting coronary artery stenosis severity. Future research can expand on tongue features, optimize prediction models, and explore applications in other cardiovascular diseases.

Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) infection leads to multi-system inflammation in pigs, and this effect can be achieved by upregulating host miR-21. The underlying mechanism of miR-21 regulates PCV2-induced inflammation is already known, however, how PCV2 regulates miR-21 levels and function using both autonomic and host factors remains to be further revealed. Here we present the first evidence that PCV2 ORF5 induces an inflammatory response by up-regulating miR-21 level through targeting nuclear miR-30d. In this study, we found that overexpression of ORF5 significantly increased miR-21 level and promoted the expression of inflammatory cytokines and activation of the NF-κB pathway, while ORF5 mutation had the opposite effect. Moreover, the differential expression of miR-21 could significantly change the pro-inflammatory effect of ORF5, indicating that ORF5 promotes inflammatory response by up-regulating miR-21. Bioinformatics analysis and clinical detection found that nuclear miR-30d was significantly down-regulated after ORF5 overexpression and PCV2 infection, and targeted pri-miR-21 and PCV2 ORF5. Functionally, we found that miR-30d inhibited the levels of miR-21 and inflammatory cytokines in cells. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that ORF5 inhibits miR-30d expression levels through direct binding but not via the circRNA pathway, and miR-30d inhibits miR-21 levels by targeting pri-miR-21. In summary, the present study revealed the molecular mechanism of ORF5 upregulation of miR-21, further refined the molecular chain of PCV2-induced inflammatory response and elucidated the role of miRNAs in it.

BackgroundCongenital pulmonary sequestration is a rare lung anomaly that can be classified as intralobar pulmonary sequestration or extralobar lung sequestration (ELS). Infradiaphragmatic pulmonary sequestration is a rare type of ELS. Furthermore, intrathoracic kidney (ITK) is a rare disease that can be associated with a congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CHD) in 0.25% of cases. We report the first case of infradiaphragmatic pulmonary sequestration and ITK associated with CDH in a child.Case report and managementThe patient, male, aged 6 months, visited our hospital 2 months prior due to shortness of breath. Based on chest ultrasonography and enhanced computed tomography (CT) examination, infradiaphragmatic pulmonary sequestration and ITK were considered to be associated with CDH. The patient was admitted to our hospital for treatment. After admission, his blood pressure was 85/61 mmHg, there was no hematuria or proteinuria, creatinine was 14 µmol/L, and urea nitrogen was 2.96 mmol/L, all of which showed no abnormalities. A complete preoperative examination was performed prior to surgical treatment. Thoracoscopy revealed that the right kidney had herniated into the chest cavity on the posterolateral side of the diaphragm. The right kidney was returned to the abdominal cavity, the hernia sac was opened, and a bright red lesion tissue with clear boundaries and an abnormal blood vessel supply was observed. After cutting off the abnormal blood vessels, LigaSure TM was used to remove the diseased tissue, and the renal fat sacs and renal tissue were visible. Intermittent suturing of the hernia ring was performed to seal the diaphragmatic hernia. Postoperative pathological examination revealed infradiaphragmatic pulmonary sequestration. The postoperative recovery of the patient was smooth, and a chest CT scan at 2 months showed that the right kidney had returned to the abdominal cavity and the right diaphragm was in the normal position.ConclusionInfradiaphragmatic pulmonary sequestration and ITK associated with CDH is extremely rare. A diagnosis and appropriate surgical planning can be developed using enhanced CT. For infradiaphragmatic pulmonary sequestration located at the top of the hernia sac in CHD, thoracoscopic resection of the infradiaphragmatic pulmonary sequestration and repair of the diaphragmatic hernia is feasible and effective.

Summary: Both concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) and induction chemotherapy (ICT) followed by CCRT are standard care of advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). However, tailoring personalized treatment is lacking. Herein, we established a radiogenomic clinical decision support system to classify patients into three subgroups according to their predicted disease-free survival (DFS) with CCRT and ICT response. The CCRT-preferred group was suitable for CCRT since they achieved good survival with CCRT, which could not be improved by ICT. The ICT-preferred group was suitable for ICT plus CCRT since they had poor survival with CCRT; additional ICT could afford an improved DFS. The clinical trial–preferred group was suitable for clinical trials since they exhibited poor survival regardless of receiving CCRT or ICT plus CCRT. These findings suggest that our radiogenomic clinical decision support system could identify optimal candidates for CCRT, ICT plus CCRT, and clinical trials, and may thus aid in personalized management of advanced NPC.

Objective To study the effect of carboxyamidotriazole-orotate(CTO) on the proliferation and fatty acid anabolism regulation of human pancreatic cancer cells. Methods Human pancreatic cancer cell lines AsPC-1, AsPC-1/GEM(AR), PANC-1 and MiaPaCa-2 were used as the study subjects; cell survival rate was detected by sulfonylrhodamine B(SRB); the mRNA level of key genes for fatty acid synthesis was detected by qPCR; the protein level of the AMPK/ACC pathway was detected by Western blot; intracellular lipid metabolites were examined by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(LC-MS). Results Comparing to control group, CTO significantly decreased the cell viability of AsPC-1, AR, PANC-1, and MiaPaCa-2(P＜0.05). CTO down-regulated the mRNA level of key fatty acid synthesis genes(P＜0.05). CTO significantly reduced the protein expression of AMPK, ACC and c-Myc(P＜0.05), while increasing the protein expression of p-AMPK and p-ACC(P＜0.05). CTO decreased lipid metabolite content in AR cells(P＜0.05). Conclusions CTO attenuates cellular fatty acid anabolism by inhibition of oncogene c-Myc expression and AMPK/ACC pathway, down-regulates the expression of fatty acid synthesis-related genes, and then inhibits proliferation of the human pancreatic cancer cell lines AsPC-1, AR, PANC-1 and MiaPaCa-2.

Objective(s): Dexmedetomidine (Dex) is a potent α2-adrenergic receptor(α2-AR) agonist that has been shown to protect against sepsis-induced lung injury, however, the underlying mechanisms of this protection are not fully understood. Autophagy and the Smad2/3 signaling pathway play important roles in sepsis-induced lung injury, but the relationship between Dex and Smad2/3 is not clear. This study aimed to investigate the role of autophagy and the Smad2/3 signaling pathway in Dex-mediated treatment of sepsis-induced lung injury. Sepsis was performed using cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) in C57BL/6J mice. Materials and Methods: Mice were randomly assigned to four groups (n=6 per group): sham, CLP, CLP-Dex, and CLP-Dex-YOH, Yohimbine hydrochloride (YOH) is an α2-AR blocker. The cecum was carefully separated to avoid blood vessel damage and was identified and punctured twice with an 18-gauge needle. The pathological changes, inflammatory factor levels, oxidative stress, autophagy, Smad2/3 signaling pathway-related protein levels in lung tissues, and the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malonaldehyde (MDA) in the serum were measured.Results: CLP-induced lung injury was reflected by increased levels of inflammatory cytokines, apoptosis, and oxidative stress, along with an increase in the expression of autophagy and Smad2/3 signaling pathway-related proteins. Dex could reverse these changes and confer a protective effect on the lung during sepsis. However, the administration of YOH significantly reduced the positive effects of Dex in mice with sepsis.Conclusion: Dex exerts its beneficial effects against sepsis-induced lung injury through the regulation of autophagy and the Smad2/3 signaling pathway.

Abstract Objective To compare the efficacy of ultrasounic-harmonic scalpel and electrocautery in the treatment of axillary lymph nodes during radical surgery for breast cancer. Methods A prospective study was conducted in the Department of Breast Surgery, Zhongda Hospital Affiliated to Southeast University. A total of 128 patients with pathologically confirmed breast cancer who were treated by the same surgeon from July 2023 to November 2023 were included in the analysis. All breast operations were performed using electrocautery, and surgical instruments for axillary lymph nodes were divided into ultrasounic-harmonic scalpel group and electrocautery group using a random number table. According to the extent of lymph node surgery, it was divided into four groups: sentinel lymph node biopsy, lymph node at station I, lymph node at station I and II, and lymph node dissection at station I, II and III. Under the premise of controlling variables such as BMI, age and neoadjuvant chemotherapy, the effects of ultrasounic-harmonic scalpel and electrocautery in axillary surgery were compared. Results Compared with the electrosurgical group, there were no significant differences in lymph node operation time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative axillary drainage volume, axillary drainage tube indwelling time, postoperative pain score on the day after surgery, and the incidence of postoperative complications (p>0.05). Conclusion There is no significant difference between ultrasounic-harmonic scalpel and electrocautery in axillary lymph node treatment for breast cancer patients, which can provide a basis for the selection of surgical energy instruments.

Abstract Background Gastric cancer is currently estimated to be the fifth leading common cancer in the world, and responsible for about one million new cases and an estimated 769,000 cancer-related deaths each year. WFDC21P is long non-coding RNA and has been reported to play critical roles in serval types of cancer. Our research aims to investigate the biological effects and molecular mechanism of WFDC21P in gastric cancer. Methods Datasets (GSE53137, GSE58828, and GSE109476) in GEO database were used to screen differential expressed lncRNAs in gastric cancer by online GEO2R analysis tool. Quantitative RT-PCR was used to verify the above prediction in ten pairs of gastric cancer and corresponding paracancerous tissues. Pan-cancer analysis was used to analyze the expression of WFDC21P in different types of cancer. Small interfering RNAs were used to WFDC21P knockdown. CCK-8 and colony formation assays were used to measure the proliferation and tumorigenesis abilities. Wound healing and Transwell assay were used to detect the migration and invasion abilities. Proteins that interact with WFDC21P were predicted by catRAPID database. RNA pull down and RNA Immunoprecipitation were used to confirm the interaction. Western blotting was used to detect the key proteins level in calcium homeostasis signaling pathway. Loss-of-function and rescue assays were used to evaluate the biological function of SEC63 at the background of WFDC21P silencing. Results WFDC21P was upregulated in gastric cancer tissues and cell lines. WFDC21P downregulation suppressed proliferation, tumorigenesis, migration, invasion, and promoted apoptosis in gastric cancer. SEC63 protein had the capability to bind with WFDC21P and the expression of SEC63 was regulated by WFDC21P. SEC63 was also upregulated in gastric cancer and exerted effects during tumor growth and metastasis. Conclusions This study confirmed that lncRNA WFDC21P aggravated gastric cancer malignant behaviors by interacting with SEC63 to regulate the calcium homeostasis signaling pathway.