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1. Whole-genome sequencing of patients with rare diseases in a national health system.

Author

Ernest Turro, William J. Astle, Karyn Megy, Stefan Gräf, Daniel Greene, Olga Shamardina, Hana Lango Allen, Alba Sanchis-Juan, Mattia Frontini, Chantal Thys, Jonathan Stephens, Rutendo Mapeta, Oliver S. Burren, Kate Downes, Matthias Haimel, Salih Tuna, Sri V. V. Deevi, Timothy J. Aitman, David L. H. Bennett, Paul Calleja, Keren Carss, Mark J. Caulfield, Patrick F. Chinnery, Peter H. Dixon, Daniel P. Gale, Roger James, Ania Koziell, Michael A. Laffan, Adam P. Levine, Eamonn R. Maher, Hugh S. Markus, Joannella Morales, Nicholas W. Morrell, Andrew D. Mumford, Elizabeth Ormondroyd, Stuart Rankin, Augusto Rendon, Sylvia Richardson, Irene Roberts, Noemi B. A. Roy, Moin A. Saleem, Kenneth G. C. Smith, Hannah Stark, Rhea Y. Y. Tan, Andreas C. Themistocleous, Adrian J. Thrasher, Hugh Watkins, Andrew R. Webster, Martin R. Wilkins, Catherine Williamson, James Whitworth, Sean Humphray, David R. Bentley, Stephen Abbs, Lara Abulhoul, Julian Adlard, Munaza Ahmed, Hana Alachkar, David J. Allsup, Jeff Almeida-King, Philip Ancliff, Richard Antrobus, Ruth Armstrong, Gavin Arno, Sofie Ashford, Anthony Attwood, Paul Aurora, Christian Babbs, Chiara Bacchelli, Tamam Bakchoul, Siddharth Banka, Tadbir Bariana, Julian Barwell, Joana Batista, Helen E. Baxendale, Phil L. Beales, Agnieszka Bierzynska, Tina Biss, Maria A. K. Bitner-Glindzicz, Graeme C. M. Black, Marta Bleda, Iulia Blesneac, Detlef Bockenhauer, Harm Bogaard, Christian J. Bourne, Sara Boyce, John R. Bradley, Eugene Bragin, Gerome Breen, Paul Brennan, Carole Brewer, Matthew Brown, Andrew C. Browning, Michael J. Browning, Rachel J. Buchan, Matthew S. Buckland, Teofila Bueser, Carmen Bugarin Diz, John Burn, Siobhan O. Burns, Nigel Burrows, Carolyn Campbell, Gerald Carr-White, Ruth Casey, Jenny Chambers, John Chambers, Melanie M. Y. Chan, Calvin Cheah, Floria Cheng, Manali Chitre, Martin T. Christian, Colin Church, Jill Clayton-Smith, Maureen Cleary, Naomi Clements Brod, Gerry Coghlan, Elizabeth Colby, Trevor R. P. Cole, Janine Collins, Peter W. Collins, Camilla Colombo, Cecilia J. Compton, Robin Condliffe, Stuart A. Cook, H. Terence Cook, Nichola Cooper, Paul A. Corris, Abigail Furnell, Fiona Cunningham, Nicola S. Curry, Antony J. Cutler, Matthew J. Daniels, Mehul Dattani, Louise C. Daugherty, John Davis, Anthony De Soyza, Timothy Dent, Charu Deshpande, Eleanor F. Dewhurst, Sofia Douzgou, Anna M. Drazyk, Elizabeth Drewe, Daniel Duarte, Tina Dutt, J. David M. Edgar, Karen Edwards, William Egner, Melanie N. Ekani, Perry Elliott, Wendy N. Erber, Marie Erwood, Maria C. Estiu, Dafydd Gareth Evans, Gillian Evans, Tamara Everington, Mélanie Eyries, Hiva Fassihi, Remi Favier, Jack Findhammer, Debra Fletcher, Frances A. Flinter, R. Andres Floto, Tom Fowler, James Fox, Amy J. Frary, Courtney E. French, Kathleen Freson, Henning Gall, Vijeya Ganesan, Michael Gattens, Claire Geoghegan, Terence S. A. Gerighty, Ali G. Gharavi, Stefano Ghio, Hossein-Ardeschir Ghofrani, J. Simon R. Gibbs, Kate Gibson, Kimberly C. Gilmour, Barbara Girerd, Nicholas S. Gleadall, Sarah Goddard, David B. Goldstein, Keith Gomez, Pavels Gordins, David Gosal, Jodie Graham, Luigi Grassi, Lynn Greenhalgh, Andreas Greinacher, Paolo Gresele, Philip Griffiths, Sofia Grigoriadou, Russell J. Grocock, Detelina Grozeva, Mark Gurnell, Scott Hackett, Charaka Hadinnapola, William M. Hague, Rosie Hague, Matthew Hall, Helen L. Hanson, Eshika Haque, Kirsty Harkness, Andrew R. Harper, Claire L. Harris, Daniel Hart, Ahamad Hassan, Grant Hayman, Alex Henderson, Archana Herwadkar, Jonathan Hoffman, Simon Holden, Rita Horvath, Henry Houlden, Arjan C. Houweling, Luke S. G. E. Howard, Fengyuan Hu, Gavin Hudson, Joseph Hughes, Aarnoud P. Huissoon, Marc Humbert, Sarah Hunter, Matthew E. Hurles, Melita Irving, Louise Izatt, Sally A. Johnson, Stephen Jolles, Jennifer Jolley, Dragana Josifova, Neringa Jurkute, Tim Karten, Johannes Karten, Mary A. Kasanicki, Hanadi Kazkaz, Rashid Kazmi, Peter Kelleher, Anne M. Kelly, Wilf Kelsall, Carly Kempster, David G. Kiely, Nathalie Kingston, Robert Klima, Nils Koelling, Myrto Kostadima, Gabor Kovacs, Roman Kreuzhuber, Taco W. Kuijpers, Ajith Kumar, Dinakantha Kumararatne, Manju A. Kurian, Fiona Lalloo, Michele Lambert, Allan Lawrie, D. Mark Layton, Nick Lench, Claire Lentaigne, Tracy Lester, Rachel Linger, Hilary Longhurst, Lorena E. Lorenzo, Eleni Louka, Paul A. Lyons, Rajiv D. Machado, Robert V. MacKenzie Ross, Bella Madan, Jesmeen Maimaris, Samantha Malka, Sarah Mangles, Kevin J. Marchbank, Stephen Marks, Hanns-Ulrich Marschall, Andrew G. Marshall, Jennifer Martin, Mary Mathias, Emma Matthews, Heather Maxwell, Paul McAlinden, Mark I. McCarthy, Harriet McKinney, Aoife McMahon, Stuart Meacham, Adam J. Mead, Ignacio Medina Castello, Sarju G. Mehta, Michel Michaelides, Carolyn Millar, Shehla N. Mohammed, Shahin Moledina, David Montani, Anthony T. Moore, Monika Mozere, Keith W. Muir, Andrea H. Nemeth, William G. Newman, Michael Newnham, Sadia Noorani, Paquita Nurden, Jennifer O'Sullivan, Samya Obaji, Chris Odhams, Steven Okoli, Andrea Olschewski, Horst Olschewski, Kai Ren Ong, S. Helen Oram, Willem H. Ouwehand, Claire Palles, Sofia Papadia, Soo-Mi Park, David Parry 0003, Smita Patel, Joan Paterson, Andrew Peacock, Simon H. Pearce, John Peden, Kathelijne Peerlinck, Christopher J. Penkett, Joanna Pepke-Zaba, Romina Petersen, Clarissa Pilkington, Kenneth E. S. Poole, Radhika Prathalingam, Bethan Psaila, Angela Pyle, Richard Quinton, Shamima Rahman, Anupama Rao, F. Lucy Raymond, Paula J. Rayner-Matthews, Christine Rees, Tara Renton, Christopher J. Rhodes, Andrew S. C. Rice, Alex Richter, Leema Robert, Anthony Rogers, Sarah J. Rose, Robert Ross-Russell, Catherine Roughley, Deborah M. Ruddy, Omid Sadeghi-Alavijeh, Nilesh J. Samani, Crina Samarghitean, Ravishankar B. Sargur, Robert N. Sarkany, Simon Satchell, Sinisa Savic, John A. Sayer, Genevieve Sayer, Laura Scelsi, Andrew M. Schaefer, Sol Schulman, Richard Scott, Marie Scully, Claire Searle, Werner Seeger, Arjune Sen, W. A. Carrock Sewell, Denis Seyres, Neil Shah, Susan E. Shapiro, Adam C. Shaw, Patrick J. Short, Keith Sibson, Lucy Side, Ilenia Simeoni, Michael A. Simpson, Matthew C. Sims, Suthesh Sivapalaratnam, Damian Smedley, Katherine R. Smith, Katie Snape, Nicole Soranzo, Florent Soubrier, Laura Southgate, Olivera Spasic-Boskovic, Simon Staines, Emily Staples, Charles A. Steward, Kathleen E. Stirrups, Alex Stuckey, Jay Suntharalingam, Emilia M. Swietlik, Petros Syrris, R. Campbell Tait, Kate Talks, Katie Tate, John M. Taylor, Jenny C. Taylor, James E. Thaventhiran, Ellen Thomas, David Thomas 0004, Moira J. Thomas, Patrick Thomas, Kate Thomson, Glen Threadgold, Tobias Tilly, Marc Tischkowitz, Catherine Titterton, John A. Todd, Cheng-Hock Toh, Bas Tolhuis, Ian P. Tomlinson, Mark Toshner, Matthew Traylor, Carmen Treacy, Paul Treadaway, Richard Trembath, Wojciech Turek, Philip Twiss, Tom Vale, Chris Van Geet, Natalie van Zuydam, Maarten Vandekuilen, Anthony M. Vandersteen, Marta Vazquez-Lopez, Julie von Ziegenweidt, Anton Vonk-Noordegraaf, Annette Wagner, Quinten Waisfisz, Suellen M. Walker, Neil Walker, Klaudia Walter, James S. Ware, Christopher Watt, Lucy Wedderburn, Wei Wei, Steven B. Welch, Julie Wessels, Sarah K. Westbury, John-Paul Westwood, John Wharton, Deborah Whitehorn, Andrew O. M. Wilkie, Brian T. Wilson, Edwin K. S. Wong, Nicholas W. Wood, Yvette Wood, Christopher Geoffrey Woods, Emma R. Woodward, Stephen J. Wort, Austen Worth, Michael Wright, Katherine Yates, Patrick F. K. Yong, Timothy Young, Ping Yu, Patrick Yu-Wai-Man, and Eliska Zlamalova

Published
2020
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2. 100,000 Genomes Pilot on Rare-Disease Diagnosis in Health Care — Preliminary Report

Author

Gill Wilson, Anna de Burca, Marta Bleda, Lucy R. Wedderburn, Matthew Welland, Kathleen Stirrups, Valentina Cipriani, Kerrie Woods, Vijeya Ganesan, Susan Hill, Rosaline Quinlivan, Georgia Chan, Mehul T. Dattani, Robert McFarland, Graeme C.M. Black, Rutendo Mapeta, Augusto Rendon, Francesco Muntoni, James O.J. Davies, Mina Ryten, Rebecca E. Foulger, Arianna Tucci, Dina Halai, Tom Fowler, Noemi B.A. Roy, Sarah Leigh, Dragana Josifova, Philip Twiss, Ana L.T. Tavares, Zerin Hyder, Detlef Bockenhauer, Patrick Yu-Wai-Man, Lara Abulhoul, Nikolas Pontikos, Anthony T. Moore, Huw R. Morris, Patrick F. Chinnery, Nicholas W. Wood, Ellen A. Thomas, Shehla Mohammed, Sofia Douzgou, Tanya Lam, Kate Gibson, Robert Sarkany, Teofila Bueser, Wei Wei, Siddharth Banka, Alexander Broomfield, Hiva Fassihi, Nils Koelling, Carolyn Campbell, James Buchanan, Melita Irving, Sandrine Compeyrot-Lacassagne, Karola Rehmström, Austen Worth, Nikhil Thapar, Andrew R. Webster, Paul Brennan, Rita Horvath, Gavin Arno, Richard H Scott, Sam Malka, Andrew O.M. Wilkie, Sofie Ashford, Maria Bitner-Glindzicz, Jana Vandrovcova, William G. Newman, Caroline F. Wright, Andrew M. Schaefer, Roger F.L. James, Robert W. Taylor, Melanie Babcock, Arjune Sen, Emma Baple, Ellen M. McDonagh, Stephanie Grunewald, Loukas Moutsianas, Melissa A. Haendel, Olivera Spasic-Boskovic, Eleanor G. Seaby, Anna Need, Clarissa Pilkington, Sarah Wordsworth, Shamima Rahman, Christine Patch, Colin Wallis, Kristina Ibanez, Bishoy Habib, Eik Haraldsdottir, Huw B. Thomas, Razvan Sultana, Andrea H. Németh, Agata Wolejko, Claire Palles, Phil Beales, Adam C. Shaw, Letizia Vestito, Emily Li, Sarah Rose, Sarah Hunter, Angela Matchan, Genevieve Say, Dalia Kasperaviciute, Henry Houlden, Raymond T. O’Keefe, R. Andres Floto, Jill Clayton-Smith, John B. Taylor, Hywel J. Williams, Volker Straub, Val Davison, Helen Savage, John Chisholm, Eleanor Dewhurst, Charles Crichton, Andrea Haworth, Clare Turnbull, Carolyn Tregidgo, Carme Camps, Christopher Penkett, Emer O’Connor, Georgina Hall, Lyn S. Chitty, Sally Halsall, Andrew D. Mumford, Annette G. Wagner, Eleanor Williams, Mark Bale, Julius O. Jacobsen, Willem H. Ouwehand, Charu Deshpande, Gavin Burns, Smita Y. Patel, James Polke, Thiloka Ratnaike, Gavin Fuller, John Burn, Kenneth E. S. Poole, Emma Footitt, John R. Bradley, Suzanne Wood, Russell J. Grocock, Jenny C. Taylor, Louise Izatt, Kikkeri N. Naresh, Katherine R. Smith, Nigel Burrows, Katrina Newland, Peter N. Robinson, Sarju G. Mehta, Michael A. Simpson, Michael R. Barnes, Pilar Cacheiro, Olivia Niblock, Tracy Lester, Dimitris Polychronopoulos, Helen Brittain, John A. Sayer, Antonio Martin, Eshika Haque, Sean Humphray, Douglass M. Turnbull, Damian Smedley, Andrew Devereau, Stefan Gräf, Sian Ellard, Ivone U.S. Leong, Martin G. Reese, Matthias Wielscher, Louise C. Daugherty, Perry M. Elliott, F. Lucy Raymond, Cecilia Compton, David Bentley, Catherine Snow, James Welch, Frances Flinter, Dom McMullan, Mark J. Caulfield, Paul Aurora, Mark Gurnell, Mary Kasanicki, I. Karen Temple, Michel Michaelides, Deborah Ruddy, Leema Robert, Janice Yip, Grainne S. Gorman, Andrew C. Browning, Richard Quinton, Maureen Cleary, Jamie M. Ellingford, Angela Douglas, Christopher Boustred, and Investigators, The 100,000 Genomes Project Pilot

Subjects
Adult, Male, Proband, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Pilot Projects, Genomics, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Genome, State Medicine, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Health care, Human Phenotype Ontology, Humans, Medicine, Child, Exome sequencing, 030304 developmental biology, Family Characteristics, 0303 health sciences, Whole Genome Sequencing, Genome, Human, business.industry, Genetic Variation, Rare Diseases/diagnosis, General Medicine, Middle Aged, United Kingdom, 3. Good health, Child, Preschool, Family medicine, Medical genetics, Female, business, Bristol, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Rare disease
Abstract

BACKGROUND: The U.K. 100,000 Genomes Project is in the process of investigating the role of genome sequencing in patients with undiagnosed rare diseases after usual care and the alignment of this research with health care implementation in the U.K. National Health Service. Other parts of this project focus on patients with cancer and infection.METHODS: We conducted a pilot study involving 4660 participants from 2183 families, among whom 161 disorders covering a broad spectrum of rare diseases were present. We collected data on clinical features with the use of Human Phenotype Ontology terms, undertook genome sequencing, applied automated variant prioritization on the basis of applied virtual gene panels and phenotypes, and identified novel pathogenic variants through research analysis.RESULTS: Diagnostic yields varied among family structures and were highest in family trios (both parents and a proband) and families with larger pedigrees. Diagnostic yields were much higher for disorders likely to have a monogenic cause (35%) than for disorders likely to have a complex cause (11%). Diagnostic yields for intellectual disability, hearing disorders, and vision disorders ranged from 40 to 55%. We made genetic diagnoses in 25% of the probands. A total of 14% of the diagnoses were made by means of the combination of research and automated approaches, which was critical for cases in which we found etiologic noncoding, structural, and mitochondrial genome variants and coding variants poorly covered by exome sequencing. Cohortwide burden testing across 57,000 genomes enabled the discovery of three new disease genes and 19 new associations. Of the genetic diagnoses that we made, 25% had immediate ramifications for clinical decision making for the patients or their relatives.CONCLUSIONS: Our pilot study of genome sequencing in a national health care system showed an increase in diagnostic yield across a range of rare diseases. (Funded by the National Institute for Health Research and others.).

Published
2021
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3. TP53mutations, tetraploidy and homologous recombination repair defects in early stage high-grade serous ovarian cancer

Author

Jeremy Chien, R. Keira Cheetham, Yan W. Asmann, Ellen L. Goode, Jean Pierre A. Kocher, Lynn C. Hartmann, Scott H. Kaufmann, Russell J. Grocock, Julie M. Cunningham, Yaman Tarabishy, Steven N. Hart, John F. Peden, Ann L. Oberg, Ying Li, Kimberly R. Kalli, Rui Kuang, Marina Bibikova, David Bentley, Jaime I. Davila, Elizabeth J. Atkinson, Saurabh Baheti, Sabine Dietmann, Viji Shridhar, Chen Wang, Debra A. Bell, Takayo Ota, Elizabeth M. Swisher, Jian-Bing Fan, Hugues Sicotte, and Sean Humphray

Subjects
p53, Mutation rate, endocrine system diseases, Somatic cell, Loss of Heterozygosity, DNA Primase, Biology, Loss of heterozygosity, 03 medical and health sciences, Rare Diseases, 0302 clinical medicine, Mutation Rate, Information and Computing Sciences, Genetics, Carcinoma, medicine, Humans, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, neoplasms, Cancer, 030304 developmental biology, Ovarian Neoplasms, 0303 health sciences, Prevention, Human Genome, Recombinational DNA Repair, Genomics, Biological Sciences, Genes, p53, medicine.disease, BRCA2 Protein, Molecular biology, Ovarian Cancer, 3. Good health, Tetraploidy, Genes, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Mutation, Cancer research, Female, Ploidy, Homologous recombination, Ovarian cancer, Environmental Sciences, Biotechnology, Developmental Biology
Abstract

To determine early somatic changes in high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC), we performed whole genome sequencing on a rare collection of 16 low stage HGSOCs. The majority showed extensive structural alterations (one had an ultramutated profile), exhibited high levels of p53 immunoreactivity, and harboured a TP53 mutation, deletion or inactivation. BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations were observed in two tumors, with nine showing evidence of a homologous recombination (HR) defect. Combined Analysis with The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) indicated that low and late stage HGSOCs have similar mutation and copy number profiles. We also found evidence that deleterious TP53 mutations are the earliest events, followed by deletions or loss of heterozygosity (LOH) of chromosomes carrying TP53, BRCA1 or BRCA2. Inactivation of HR appears to be an early event, as 62.5% of tumours showed a LOH pattern suggestive of HR defects. Three tumours with the highest ploidy had little genome-wide LOH, yet one of these had a homozygous somatic frame-shift BRCA2 mutation, suggesting that some carcinomas begin as tetraploid then descend into diploidy accompanied by genome-wide LOH. Lastly, we found evidence that structural variants (SV) cluster in HGSOC, but are absent in one ultramutated tumor, providing insights into the pathogenesis of low stage HGSOC.

Published
2015
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4. miRBase: microRNA sequences, targets and gene nomenclature

Author

Alex Bateman, Stijn van Dongen, Anton J. Enright, Sam Griffiths-Jones, Russell J. Grocock, Enright, Anton [0000-0002-6090-3100], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository

Subjects
MicroRNA Gene, Computational biology, Biology, Bioinformatics, Article, MiRBase, 03 medical and health sciences, Annotation, User-Computer Interface, 0302 clinical medicine, IsomiR, Data sequences, Terminology as Topic, microRNA, Genetics, Animals, Registries, 030304 developmental biology, Regulation of gene expression, 0303 health sciences, Internet, Base Sequence, Gene nomenclature, MicroRNAs, Gene Expression Regulation, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Databases, Nucleic Acid
Abstract

The miRBase database aims to provide integrated interfaces to comprehensive microRNA sequence data, annotation and predicted gene targets. miRBase takes over functionality from the microRNA Registry and fulfils three main roles: the miRBase Registry acts as an independent arbiter of microRNA gene nomenclature, assigning names prior to publication of novel miRNA sequences. miRBase Sequences is the primary online repository for miRNA sequence data and annotation. miRBase Targets is a comprehensive new database of predicted miRNA target genes. miRBase is available at http://microrna.sanger.ac.uk/.

Published
2017
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5. Factors influencing success of clinical genome sequencing across a broad spectrum of disorders

Author

Lynn Quek, Anne Goriely, Ondrej Cais, Christopher Yau, Lars Fugger, John Broxholme, Niko Popitsch, David Beeson, Zoya Kingsbury, M. Andrew Nesbit, David J. Nutt, Christopher Holmes, Andrew J. Rimmer, Fredrik Karpe, John Taylor, Andrea H. Németh, Veronica J. Buckle, Rodney D. Gilbert, Natasha Sahgal, Sian E. Piret, Alistair T. Pagnamenta, Elizabeth Sweeney, Stefano Lise, Sarah Lamble, Moustafa Attar, Christian Babbs, Mary Frances McMullin, Adrian V. S. Hill, Ingo H. Greger, Per Soelberg Sørensen, Michael P. Whyte, Paolo Piazza, Lorna Witty, Lorne Lonie, Emma E. Davenport, Peter J. Ratcliffe, Peter Humburg, Simon J. McGowan, Holger Cario, Chris Allan, Usha Kini, Malcolm F. Howard, Alexandra Russo, Simon Fiddy, Fiona Powrie, Pauline A. van Schouwenburg, Jude Craft, Andrew O.M. Wilkie, Aimee L. Fenwick, Jennifer Becq, Elizabeth Ormondroyd, Nayia Petousi, Richard R. Copley, Joshua Luck, David Buck, Hilary C. Martin, Katherine R. Bull, Holm H. Uhlig, Russell J. Grocock, Timothy J. Vyse, Smita Y. Patel, Gerton Lunter, Sean Humphray, Helen Chapel, Peter Donnelly, Karin Dahan, Calliope A. Dendrou, Edward Blair, Peter A. Robbins, Davis J. McCarthy, Kerry A. Miller, Rajesh V. Thakker, A. Radu Aricescu, Gilean McVean, Alison Simmons, Annette Bang Oturai, Julian C. Knight, David W. Johnson, Craig B. Langman, Earl D. Silverman, Anja V. Gruszczyk, Olivier Devuyst, Jean-Baptiste Cazier, Paresh Vyas, John I. Bell, Kathryn J. H. Robson, Ian Tomlinson, Jenny C. Taylor, Amy Trebes, Anna Schuh, Linda Hughes, Stephen R.F. Twigg, Hugh Watkins, Celeste Bento, Melanie J. Percy, Robert W. Hastings, Jonathan Flint, Richard J. Cornall, Edouard Hatton, Doug Higgs, P Bignell, Guadalupe Polanco-Echeverry, Angie Green, Jon P. Krohn, Ben Wright, David Bentley, Christopher W. Pugh, Steven A. Wall, Lisa Murray, and Alexander Kanapin

Subjects
HEREDITARY BREAST, Candidate gene, medicine.medical_specialty, DNA Mutational Analysis, EXOME, LONG-QT SYNDROME, Biology, Genome, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Sensitivity and Specificity, DNA sequencing, Article, OVARIAN-CANCER, CANDIDATE GENES, Genetics, medicine, BREAST-CANCER, Humans, JUVENILE MYELOMONOCYTIC LEUKEMIA, Exome, Whole genome sequencing, Genetics & Heredity, SEVERE INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY, Science & Technology, Base Sequence, Genome, Human, Genetic Diseases, Inborn, High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing, Molecular Sequence Annotation, GERMLINE MUTATIONS, 11 Medical And Health Sciences, 06 Biological Sciences, Molecular Diagnostic Techniques, Medical genetics, Human genome, Biological plausibility, DISEASE GENE-DISCOVERY, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Developmental Biology
Abstract

To assess factors influencing the success of whole-genome sequencing for mainstream clinical diagnosis, we sequenced 217 individuals from 156 independent cases or families across a broad spectrum of disorders in whom previous screening had identified no pathogenic variants. We quantified the number of candidate variants identified using different strategies for variant calling, filtering, annotation and prioritization. We found that jointly calling variants across samples, filtering against both local and external databases, deploying multiple annotation tools and using familial transmission above biological plausibility contributed to accuracy. Overall, we identified disease-causing variants in 21% of cases, with the proportion increasing to 34% (23/68) for mendelian disorders and 57% (8/14) in family trios. We also discovered 32 potentially clinically actionable variants in 18 genes unrelated to the referral disorder, although only 4 were ultimately considered reportable. Our results demonstrate the value of genome sequencing for routine clinical diagnosis but also highlight many outstanding challenges.

Published
2016
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