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5 results on '"S. A. Bernhard"'

2. Biocompatible Alginate Microgel Particles as Heteronucleants and Encapsulating Vehicles for Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic Drugs

Author

Novartis-MIT Center for Continuous Manufacturing, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Chemical Engineering, Eral, Huseyin Burak, Lopez-Mejias, Vilmali, O'Mahony, Marcus, Trout, Bernhardt L., Myerson, Allan S., Doyle, Patrick S., Myerson, Allan S. Trout, Bernhard L., Novartis-MIT Center for Continuous Manufacturing, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Chemical Engineering, Eral, Huseyin Burak, Lopez-Mejias, Vilmali, O'Mahony, Marcus, Trout, Bernhardt L., Myerson, Allan S., Doyle, Patrick S., and Myerson, Allan S. Trout, Bernhard L.

Abstract

Biocompatible materials that can control crystallization while carrying large amounts of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) with diverse chemical properties are in demand in industrial practice. In this study, we investigate the utility of biocompatible alginate (ALG) hydrogels as a rational material for crystallizing and encapsulating model APIs that present drastically different solubilities in water. Acetaminophen (ACM) and fenofibrate (FEN) are utilized as the model hydrophilic and hydrophobic moieties, respectively. ALG hydrogels with different ALG concentrations (hence different mesh sizes) are utilized as heteronucleants to control the nucleation kinetics of ACM from solution. ALG hydrogels with smaller mesh sizes showed faster nucleation kinetics. We hypothesize that this behavior is due to the interplay between the polymer–solute interactions and the mesh-induced confinement effects. The loading of ACM into hydrogels by equilibrium partitioning is quantified and found to be inversely proportional to ALG concentration. For hydrophobic model APIs, loading via equilibrium partitioning is inefficient; hence, we suggest emulsion-laden hydrogels where emulsion droplets are encapsulated inside the hydrogel matrix. The incorporation of emulsion droplets inside hydrogels enables the high loading of the hydrophobic API leveraging the high solubility of the hydrophobic API in the dispersed emulsion droplets. By carefully choosing the emulsification method and the dispersed phase, we demonstrate significant loading (up to ∼80% w/w) and crystallization of the stable form of FEN. Our results provide new insights for designing biocompatible nucleation-active materials capable of carrying industrially significant amounts of water-soluble and insoluble APIs in the crystalline form., Novartis-MIT Center for Continuous Manufacturing

Published
2015

5. Access and benefit-sharing by the European Virus Archive in response to COVID-19

Author

Jan Felix Drexler, Thomas C. Mettenleiter, Antonio Di Caro, Amber Hartman Scholz, Christian Drosten, Carrie Batten, Sven Reiche, Anthony R. Fooks, Bruno Coutard, Boris Klempa, Hervé Bourhy, Carolina dos S. Ribeiro, Florence Komurian-Pradel, Thomas Klimkait, Jean-Louis Romette, George B. Haringhuizen, Marion Koopmans, Christine M.A. Prat, Jean-Claude Manuguerra, Stephan Günther, Maria Serena Beato, Ali Mirazimi, Scarlett Sett, Rémi N. Charrel, David Williams, Chantal Reusken, Tatjana Avšič, Sylvie van der Werf, Leibniz-Institut DSMZ-Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen GmbH / Leibniz Institute DSMZ-German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures (DSMZ), Netherlands Center for Infectious Disease Control, Unité des Virus Emergents (UVE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), University of Ljubljana, The Pirbright Institute, Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC), Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie (IZSVe), Lyssavirus, épidémiologie et neuropathologie - Lyssavirus Epidemiology and Neuropathology, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Istituto Nazionale di Malattie Infettive 'Lazzaro Spallanzani' (INMI), German Center for Infection Research, Partnersite Munich (DZIF), Charité - UniversitätsMedizin = Charité - University Hospital [Berlin], Animal and Plant Health Agency [Addlestone, UK] (APHA), Slovak Academy of Science [Bratislava] (SAS), Erasmus University Medical Center [Rotterdam] (Erasmus MC), University of Basel (Unibas), Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine - Bernhard-Nocht-Institut für Tropenmedizin [Hamburg, Germany] (BNITM), German Center for Infection Research - Partner Site Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems, German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Cellule d'Intervention Biologique d'Urgence (Centre National de Référence) - Laboratory for Urgent Response to Biological Threats (National Reference Center) (CIBU), Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Environnement et Risques infectieux - Environment and Infectious Risks (ERI), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), Environnement et Risques infectieux - Environment and Infectious Risks (ERI), Public Health Agency of Sweden, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut (FLI), Fondation Mérieux, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment [Bilthoven] (RIVM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Génétique Moléculaire des Virus à ARN - Molecular Genetics of RNA Viruses (GMV-ARN (UMR_3569 / U-Pasteur_2)), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Australian Centre for Disease Preparedness, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation [Canberra] (CSIRO), This publication was supported by the European Virus Archive-GLOBAL project that has received funding from the EU Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grantagreement number 871029), The manuscript was written by the European Virus Archive access and benefit-sharing compliance team but would not have been possible without the front-line scientists that built up the European Virus Archive infrastructure and have worked tirelessly over the past year to support the global pandemic response. We welcome the European Virus Archive signatory authors who endorse this publication and its call for a multilateral pathogen genetic resources mechanism tied to a distributed biobanking infrastructure., European Virus Archive principal investigators Slovenia T Avšič (University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana). UK C Batten (The Pirbright Institute, Pirbright), A R Fooks (The Animal and Plant Health Agency, Addlestone). Italy M S Beato (Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro), A Di Caro (Istituto Nazionale Malattie Infettive Lazzaro Spallanzani, Rome). France H Bourhy, J-C Manuguerra, S van der Werf (Institute Pasteur, Paris), R Charrel, J-L Romette, B Coutard (Aix Marseille University, Marseille), F Komurian-Pradel (Fondation Mérieux, Lyon). Germany J F Drexler, C Drosten (Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin), S Günther (Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg), T C Mettenleiter, S Reiche (Friedrich Loeffler Institute, Greifswald). Slovakia B Klempa (Biomedical Research Center of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava). Switzerland T Klimkait (University of Basel, Basel). Sweden A Mirazimi (The Public Health Agency of Sweden, Solna). Netherlands C Reusken (Dutch National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven), M Koopmans (Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam). Australia D Williams (Australian Centre for Disease Preparedness, East Geelong, VIC)., and European Project: 871029,H2020,H2020-INFRAIA-2019-1,EVA-GLOBAL(2020)

Subjects
Microbiology (medical), 2019-20 coronavirus outbreak, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Internet privacy, Microbiology, Corrections, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, Genetic resources, Virology, Pandemic, Humans, Pandemics, Biological Specimen Banks, Personal View, Benefit sharing, business.industry, SARS-CoV-2, DNA Viruses, COVID-19, Biobank, Infectious Diseases, Viruses, Viruses, Unclassified, Business
Abstract

Erratum in Correction to Lancet Microbe 2021; published online Nov 16. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2666-5247(21)00211-1. [No authors listed] Lancet Microbe. 2022 Jan;3(1):e8. doi: 10.1016/S2666-5247(21)00325-6. Epub 2021 Nov 26. PMID: 34870252 Free PMC article.; International audience; Biobanking infrastructures, which are crucial for responding early to new viral outbreaks, share pathogen genetic resources in an affordable, safe, and impartial manner and can provide expertise to address access and benefit-sharing issues. The European Virus Archive has had a crucial role in the global response to the COVID-19 pandemic by distributing EU-subsidised (free of charge) viral resources to users worldwide, providing non-monetary benefit sharing, implementing access and benefit-sharing compliance, and raising access and benefit-sharing awareness among members and users. All currently available SARS-CoV-2 material in the European Virus Archive catalogue, including variants of concern, are not access and benefit-sharing cases per se, but multilateral benefit-sharing has nevertheless occurred. We propose and discuss how a multilateral system enabling access and benefit-sharing from pathogen genetic resources, based on the European Virus Archive operational model, could help bridge the discrepancies between the current bilateral legal framework for pathogen genetic resources and actual pandemic response practices.

Published
2021
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