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Copyright of Rechtsmedizin is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

At present, financial auditing in the Republic of Moldova is supported by a legislative framework in line with international best practices and the EU acquis. However, the changing nature of services in the domestic audit market and the current challenges of meeting new quality management requirements are of interest for scientific research in this field. This paper aims to investigate the opportunities for modernization of the profession in the context of the attested reforms regarding the supervision of audit activity in the Republic of Moldova. The aim of the investigation is to highlight the importance of legislative reforms in order to increase the prestige and recognition of the professionalism of financial audit activities in the Republic of Moldova. In addition, this paper includes a study of professional qualifications in auditing and an analysis of the activities carried out by audit entities in recent years of monitoring the audit market by the supervisory authority. The issue of reforming the regulatory framework for the audit of financial statements in line with international good professional practice is considered. The investigation used the qualitative research method and the observation technique based on the analysis of national and international normative acts. The results indicate a good harmonization of the regulatory framework of the financial audit activity in the Republic of Moldova with the international practices in this field, which will contribute to the development of the domestic process of regulating the profession and at the same time will provide opportunities for modernization of the system of supervision of the quality of audit activity in the country.

Copyright of Bulletin of the L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University. Law Series is the property of L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

At present, financial auditing in the Republic of Moldova is supported by a legislative framework in line with international best practices and the EU acquis. However, the changing nature of services in the domestic audit market and the current challenges of meeting new quality management requirements are of interest for scientific research in this field. This paper aims to investigate the opportunities for modernization of the profession in the context of the attested reforms regarding the supervision of audit activity in the Republic of Moldova. The aim of the investigation is to highlight the importance of legislative reforms in order to increase the prestige and recognition of the professionalism of financial audit activities in the Republic of Moldova. In addition, this paper includes a study of professional qualifications in auditing and an analysis of the activities carried out by audit entities in recent years of monitoring the audit market by the supervisory authority. The issue of reforming the regulatory framework for the audit of financial statements in line with international good professional practice is considered. The investigation used the qualitative research method and the observation technique based on the analysis of national and international normative acts. The results indicate a good harmonization of the regulatory framework of the financial audit activity in the Republic of Moldova with the international practices in this field, which will contribute to the development of the domestic process of regulating the profession and at the same time will provide opportunities for modernization of the system of supervision of the quality of audit activity in the country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article deals with the liability of the supervisory authority of the financial market. It could be questioned whether the supervisory authority, as the public authority, is liable for the supervisory performance. If the answer is yes, then the question is what kind of liability could be found and if any special conditions (prerequisites) are needed. In general, there could be two lines of public liability found. One is systemic liability for the safe financial market—e.g., financial market stability. The other perspective is individual liability for damages caused by unlawful administrative procedure or maladministration, where unlimited strict liability is granted. This kind of liability might be widely questioned, especially when the central bank is the supervisory authority, like in the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary, and other EU member states. This article aims to evaluate the liability of the supervisory authority in the Czech Republic and Hungary concerning the European level of such liability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The exchange and provision of information on taxpayers generally pursue different objectives. According to the provisions of tax law, the main purpose of obtaining information on taxpayers was to implement effective tax administration. Subsequently, other tasks have been added to this objective, including prevention of tax evasion, tax avoidance and related tax crime detection and investigation. The provision and exchange of information between the tax administration authorities and other legal entities, especially the national supervisory authority or national central bank, is subject to a strict regulatory regime, based on an explicit legal mandate to utilise the information. The reason is that the subject of the provision and exchange is often information that has a special secrecy protected by the law, such as banking secrecy, professional secrecy or protected information regarding securities. The authors identify and analyse the legal regime for providing information for the purposes mentioned, especially in the conditions of the Slovak Republic. The legal regime in the Slovak Republic is also more or less affected by legal acts adopted at global (OECD) level and EU level, so the authors take into account, to some extent, these legal acts when dealing with the automatic exchange of tax information between the tax administration of EU and non-EU member states. In this context, the authors differentiate according to whether the provision of information takes place under vertical or horizontal institutional relations. Following that, the aim of the paper is to identify how the related authorities/persons interact in horizontal institutional relations and vertical institutional relations.

Copyright of Acta Humana - Human Rights Publication is the property of National University of Public Service and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Regulation (EU) 2016/679 of the European Parliament and of the Council (GDPR) establishes the obligation for states to designate a supervisory authority to oversee compliance with the rules set out therein. The obligation to designate a supervisory authority is also enshrined in other legislation at the international level and at the constitutional level. The article focuses on the aspect of embedding it in legislation and its status as an independent administrative authority. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The exchange and provision of information on taxpayers generally pursue different objectives. According to the provisions of tax law, the main purpose of obtaining information on taxpayers was to implement effective tax administration. Subsequently, other tasks have been added to this objective, including prevention of tax evasion, tax avoidance and related tax crime detection and investigation. The provision and exchange of information between the tax administration authorities and other legal entities, especially the national supervisory authority or national central bank, is subject to a strict regulatory regime, based on an explicit legal mandate to utilise the information. The reason is that the subject of the provision and exchange is often information that has a special secrecy protected by the law, such as banking secrecy, professional secrecy or protected information regarding securities. The authors identify and analyse the legal regime for providing information for the purposes mentioned, especially in the conditions of the Slovak Republic. The legal regime in the Slovak Republic is also more or less affected by legal acts adopted at global (OECD) level and EU level, so the authors take into account, to some extent, these legal acts when dealing with the automatic exchange of tax information between the tax administration of EU and non-EU member states. In this context, the authors differentiate according to whether the provision of information takes place under vertical or horizontal institutional relations. Following that, the aim of the paper is to identify how the related authorities/persons interact in horizontal institutional relations and vertical institutional relations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Romanian Journal of Compulsory Execution / Revista Română de Executare Silită is the property of Universul Juridic Publishing House and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

After last global financial crisis from a decade ago, financial market have been experiencing significant increase in number of regulations. This was especially visible in the banking sector, in which number of post-crisis new regulations amounted to thousands per year. It was not only challenging for banks, that have been spending increasingly more financial resources on compliance, but also for supervisory entities that have to keep track of compliance for every entity on financial market. Due to the fact that supervisory process relies mostly on manual process, it can be both time consuming and inefficient. This is why, not only banks have been exploring new technologies in compliance with regulations (Reg Tech), but also supervisory authorities have been doing the same with the aim of increasing their efficiency (Sup Tech). The research paper aims to test hypothesis, which is as follows: – Sup Tech is becoming an innovative tool for banking supervision and is expected to have increasingly larger role in banking supervision For the purpose of the paper, the following methods have been applied: critical analysis of literature and research papers as well as descriptive method and comparative analysis of presented data.

Copyright of Annals of Juridica Sciences / Roczniki Nauk Prawnych is the property of Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL & Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawla II and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Nuclear Safety is the property of Nuclear & Radiation Safety Center and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Pandectele Române is the property of Wolters Kluwer Romania and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The introduction in Lithuania of new regulation on the protection of personal data is in direct response to the mandatory requirement for uniform and up-to-date legislation in all member states of the European Union. The aim is to ensure the fundamental human right that personal data is protected – as well as to create conditions for the development of the digital economy and to strengthen the fight against crime and terrorism. The data protection package adopted on 27 April 2016 split the State Data Protection Inspectorate of the Republic of Lithuania into two parts: before and after the General Data Protection Regulation. To a greater or lesser extent, the latter has impacted the Inspectorate and almost all of its inspection activities in the performance of tasks set out in the Regulation. The first steps taken by the personal data protection supervisory authority in applying the Regulation and strengthening international cooperation have established a strong basis for the effective protection of personal data. However, the General Data Protection Regulation will continue to require greater attention from the supervisory authority.

Research Question/Issue: Do enforcement actions impact banks' board composition? Based on a unique sample of sanctions imposed on Italian banks by the country's banking supervisory authority from 2009 to 2015, we investigate whether supervisory enforcement actions affect changes at the board level. Moreover, we examine whether changes at the board level after a sanction are effective in reducing the probability of further sanctions in the future. Research Findings/Insights: The findings reveal that sanctioned banks change their board composition following a supervisory sanction. We further test whether these changes improve bank governance and find that, under certain conditions, they may reduce the probability that the board is sanctioned again. Robustness tests confirm the results. Theoretical/Academic Implications: This study provides empirical evidence that supports the role of supervisory enforcement actions in inducing banks to adopt changes at the board level. Given that the relationship between supervisory sanctions and changes in board characteristics is still neglected, we contend that our results may increase the understanding of the effectiveness of enforcement actions in improving board characteristics. Practitioner/Policy Implications: We believe that our results have policy implications by making a clear and concrete contribution to the ongoing debate on the revision of the principles for enhancing corporate governance and banking supervision. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

After last global financial crisis from a decade ago, financial market have been experiencing significant increase in number of regulations. This was especially visible in the banking sector, in which number of post-crisis new regulations amounted to thousands per year. It was not only challenging for banks, that have been spending increasingly more financial resources on compliance, but also for supervisory entities that have to keep track of compliance for every entity on financial market. Due to the fact that supervisory process relies mostly on manual process, it can be both time consuming and inefficient. This is why, not only banks have been exploring new technologies in compliance with regulations (Reg Tech), but also supervisory authorities have been doing the same with the aim of increasing their efficiency (Sup Tech). The research paper aims to test hypothesis, which is as follows: - Sup Tech is becoming an innovative tool for banking supervision and is expected to have increasingly larger role in banking supervision. For the purpose of the paper, the following methods have been applied: critical analysis of literature and research papers as well as descriptive method and comparative analysis of presented data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The introduction in Lithuania of new regulation on the protection of personal data is in direct response to the mandatory requirement for uniform and up-to-date legislation in all member states of the European Union. The aim is to ensure the fundamental human right that personal data is protected – as well as to create conditions for the development of the digital economy and to strengthen the fight against crime and terrorism. The data protection package adopted on 27 April 2016 split the State Data Protection Inspectorate of the Republic of Lithuania into two parts: before and after the General Data Protection Regulation. To a greater or lesser extent, the latter has impacted the Inspectorate and almost all of its inspection activities in the performance of tasks set out in the Regulation. The first steps taken by the personal data protection supervisory authority in applying the Regulation and strengthening international cooperation have established a strong basis for the effective protection of personal data. However, the General Data Protection Regulation will continue to require greater attention from the supervisory authority. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article highlights the implementation of data protection laws and reforms in Croatia. Topics include the independent data protection supervisory authority and the adoption of secondary legislation; the 2018-2020 Data Protection reform in the Croatian Legislation; and adopted the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) implementation act and its relation to video surveillance.

In 2019, thirty years had lapsed from the beginning of the transformation from the centrally planned to market economy in the Czech Republic. Although the transformation of the insurance industry started two years later, it seems to be appropriate after a certain period of time to consider the level of the Czech insurance market, its strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats. The aim of this article was to recapitulate the recent development of the insurance market in the Czech Republic (since 1991), to highlight its milestones and the main events that accompanied the development, based on selected indicators specifically used to describe the insurance industry. Since it was not possible to mention all the important facts that affected the Czech insurance market, the article focused in more detail on the development of the legal aspect of the Czech insurance market and the process of its transformation (using indicators of the share of the market leader and the number of insurance companies). The EU accession of the Czech Republic and its impact on the number of entities providing insurance services in our territory were not omitted either. Product milestones were represented by the transformation of the motor third party liability insurance (using indicators of the share of the market leader and the number of insurance companies pursuing this insurance), the phenomenon of the unit-linked insurance and tax benefits of the life insurance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Public procurement is a crucial activity undertaken by the public sector. However, public procurement entails a wide range of transaction costs. While many papers focus on the ex-ante transaction costs, it is equally important to evaluate the types of ex-post transaction costs. The disputes stemming from conflicts between procuring authorities and proposers often bring additional costs to both parties. One of the ways to ensure that the procuring authority wins the dispute is using the services of an external law firm to represent the procuring authority in the review process. The aim of the paper is to examine the extent of the use of external law services in the public-procurement review process by procuring authorities and proposers in Slovakia and in the Czech Republic. The focus is also on the impact the use of external law firms in the review process may have on the length of the review process and the outcome of the dispute. Our results suggest that while the use of the external law firm may lead to a higher success rate of the review process on the side of a procuring authority, the same does not apply to proposers. There were no conclusive findings regarding the impact of the outsourcing on the length of the review process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]