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Propolis önemli bir arı ürünüdür. Propolis antimikrobiyal, antikanser/antitümör, antioksidan, antigenotoksik, antialerjik ve antienflamatuar aktiviteleriyle ve yapısında bulunan bileşiklerle insan sağlığında önemli derecede olumlu etkiye sahiptir. Bu makalede Covid-19 pandemisi dolayısıyla son günlerde daha çok popüler olmaya başlayan propolis hakkında en güncel bilgiler derlenmiştir., Propolis is an important bee product. Propolis has a significant positive effect on human health with its antimicrobial, anticancer/antitumor, antioxidant, antigenotoxic, antiallergic and antiinflammatory activities and compounds found in its structure. In this review, the most up-to-date information about propolis, which has become more popular in recent days due to the Covid-19 pandemic, has been compiled.

Bu çalışmanın amacı Türkiye’deki Eğitim Fakülteleri’nde bulunan Fen Bilimleri Öğretmenliği programlarının son 5 yıldaki genel durumunun incelenmesidir. Çalışmada doküman incelemesi yöntemi kullanılmış olup, 2016-2020 yıllarına ait ÖSYM tarafından ilan edilen ilk yerleştirme ve ek yerleştirme sonuçlarına göre fen bilimleri öğretmenliği programları içerik analizi tekniğine göre düzenlenmiştir. Bu kapsamda fen bilgisi öğretmenliği, biyoloji öğretmenliği, fizik öğretmenliği ve kimya öğretmenliği bölümlerine ilişkin; hangi üniversitelerde bulunduğu, genel kontenjan sayıları, Yükseköğretim Kurumları Sınavı (YKS) sonuçlarına göre bu programlara yerleştirilen öğrenci sayıları ile her üniversite bazındaki doluluk oranları yıllara göre ayrı ayrı hesaplanarak ortaya konmuştur. Çalışmada ayrıca Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı (MEB) tarafından fen bilimleri öğretmeni kadrolarına yönelik yapılan öğretmen atama sayıları da yine aynı yıllar ile sınırlandırılarak incelenmiştir. Yapılan incelemeler sonucunda üniversitelerdeki fen bilimleri öğretmenliklerinin hepsinde genel kontenjan sayılarında son 5 yıl içerisinde oldukça fazla oranda azalma olduğu görülmüştür. Öğrencilerin üniversiteye giriş sınavı sonuçlarına göre ilgili programların doluluk oranları incelendiğinde ise tüm branşlarda 2016 yılında %100 oranına sahipken; 2017 yılından sonra uygulamaya konulan üniversite sınav sonucundaki başarı sıralaması şartı ile birlikte 2017 ve 2018 yıllarında ilgili programlara yerleşen öğrencilerin doluluk oranlarında düşüş yaşanmıştır. Doluluk oranlarındaki azalmaya bağlı olarak kontenjan sayıları da azaltılan her bir fen bilimleri öğretmenliği programlarının 2019 yılında doluluk oranının yeniden artma eğilimine geçtiği, 2020 yılı itibari ile ise yeniden tam kapasite doluluk oranına ulaştığı tespit edilmiştir., The aim of this study is to determine the general situation of the Science Education Programs of all universities in Turkey about the last 5 years. Document analysis method, the first placement and additional placement tables announced by OSYM for the years of 2016-2020, was used in the study and the results of all science teaching programs data were organized according to the content analysis tecnique. In this context, regarding the departments of science education, biology education, physics education and chemistry education were organized separately by years about in which universites has these programs, the number of their general quotas, the number of students placed in these programs and the occupancy rates on each universities. The number of teacher appointments made by the Ministry of National Education (MEB) for science teachers was also examined by limiting it to the same years. As a result of the analysis, it has been observed that the general quota of all science education programs has decreased considerably in the last 5 years. The occupancy rates of the students who were placed in the relevant programs in 2017 and 2018 decreased with the success ranking condition that was implemented after 2017, which was almost 100% in 2016 in all branches of science education. Due to the reduced occupancy of the programs and the quotas, the results showed that the occupancy rates was started to increase in 2019 and the occupancy rate reached full capacity again as of 2020.

Mantarlar, bakterilerle birlikte ekosistemin döngüsel olarak çalışmasını ve besin sirkülasyonunu sağlayan önemli ayrıştırıcılardır. Yenen mantarların toprak ve substrat üstü dokuları besin açısından zengindir ve insanlar tarafından çeşitli amaçlarla kullanılırlar. Özellikle substrat üzerinde çürükçül olarak yetişen mantarların kültüre alınıp yetiştirilmesi nispeten daha kolaydır. Mantarların çoğu saprofit canlılardır. Özellikle besin kaynağı olarak kullandıkları bitki artıklarını (ağaç gövdesi, dal parçaları, yapraklar, ibreler, otlar, meyveler, kozalaklar vb.) parçalayarak beslenirler. Üzerinde yaşadıkları substratların bünyesinde bulunan makro ve mikro elementleri absorblayarak kendi bünyelerinde biriktirebilirler. Bu çalışmanın amaçlarından biri, yapılarında biriken minerallerin insan sağlığı açısından nasıl etki yapacağını tespit etmektir. Çalışmamıza konu olan örnekler (Auricularia auricula-judae (Bull.) Quél., Lentinus arcularius (Batsch) Zmitr., Lentinus tigrinus (Boğa) Fr., Schizophyllum commune Fr., Trametes versicolor (L.) Lloyd, Tremella mesenterica (Schaeff.) Pers.) doğal ortamlarından toplanan beyaz çürükçül meydana getiren Basidiomycota bölümüne ait örneklerdir. Bu mantar örneklerinin ağır metal (Al, As, Cd, Co, Cu, Cr, Fe, Mg, Mn, Ni, Pb, Se ve Zn) iyon içerikleri ICP-OES (Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry) spektrometresi kullanılarak belirlenmiştir. Bu çalışmanın bir diğer amacı ise mantarların doğadaki önemli görevlerinden birini gerçekleştirmek için özellikle çevre temizleyici olarak hangi mantarlar kullanılabilir? sorusuna cevap aramaktır. Bu çalışmadan elde edilen veriler sayesinde mikoremediasyon yöntemleri geliştirilebilir. Mantarlar çok çeşitli kirleticileri kontamine ortamlardan veya atık sudan ayrıştırmak için ucuz, etkili ve çevreye duyarlı bir yöntem olarak kullanılabilir. Sonuç olarak kullanılan mantar örnekleri için minimum ve maksimum ağır metal iyon konsantrasyonları tespit edilmiştir. İncelenen örneklerde Arsenik (As) hiç belirlenmemiştir. Nikel (Ni) ve Kurşun (Pb) bazı örneklerde eser miktarda gözlemlenmiştir. Selenyum (Se) ve Kobalt (Co) tüm örneklerde çok düşük seviyelerde ölçülmüştür. Magnezyum (772.1-2739 mg/kg), Demir (49.91-1583 mg/kg) ve Alüminyum (8.009-1298 mg/kg) mineralleri araştırmada kullanılan tüm örneklerde en yüksek oranlarda tespit edilen ağır metal iyonlarıdır., Fungi, together with bacteria, are important decomposers that ensure the cyclical operation of the ecosystem and the circulation of nutrients. Soil and above-substrate tissues of edible mushrooms are rich in nutrients and are used by humans for various purposes. In particular, it is relatively easy to cultivate and grown fungi that grow on the substrate as rotting. Most fungi are saprophytic creatures. They feed by breaking down plant residues (tree trunk, branch pieces, leaves, pine needles, herbs, fruits, cones, etc.) that they use as food sources. They can absorb and accumulate macro and micro elements in the substrates on which they live. One of the aims of this study is to determine how the accumulated minerals will affect human health. The specimens (Auricularia auricula-judae (Bull.) Quél., Lentinus arcularius (Batsch) Zmitr., Lentinus tigrinus (Boğa) Fr., Schizophyllum commune Fr., Trametes versicolor (L.) Lloyd, Tremella mesenterica (Schaeff.) Pers.) that are the subject of our study are the specimens belonging to the Basidiomycota, which produces white rot, collected from their natural habitats. Heavy metal (Al, As, Cd, Co, Cu, Cr, Fe, Mg, Mn, Ni, Pb, Se and Zn) ion contents of these mushroom samples were determined using ICP-OES (Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry) spectrometry. Another aim of this study is to look for the answer of the question “which mushrooms can be used especially as environmental cleaners in order to perform one of the important tasks of fungi in nature?”. Thanks to the data obtained from this study, mycoremediation methods can be developed. Fungi can be used as an inexpensive, effective and environmentally sound method to decompose a wide variety of pollutants from contaminated environments or wastewaters. As a result, minimum and maximum heavy metal ion concentrations were determined for the mushroom samples used. Arsenic(As) was not determined at all in the samples examined. Nickel(Ni) and Lead(Pb) were observed in trace amounts in some samples. Selenium(Se) and Cobalt(Co) were determined at very low levels in all samples. Magnesium (772.1-2739 mg/kg), Iron (49.91-1583 mg/kg) and Aluminum (8.009-1298 mg/kg) minerals are the heavy metal ions detected at the highest rates in all samples used in the research.

Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu Konya ili ve ilçelerinde yaşayan genelde tarım ve hayvancılık ile uğraşan 515 şahıs oluşturmuştur. Bu şahıslardan 412 tanesi erkek, 113 tanesi de kadındır. Veri toplama aracının geliştirilmesi için öncelikle alan yazın taraması yapılmış ve ölçek geliştirme konusunda gerçekleştirilmiş araştırmalar incelenmiştir. Ölçeklerde yer alan maddelerden yola çıkılarak özgün 47 maddeden oluşan deneme formu hazırlanmıştır. Oluşturulan ölçek maddelerinin anlaşılırlık ve yeterlilik dereceleri hakkında, 1 eğitim bilimci, 1 ölçme ve değerlendirme ve 2 biyoloji alan eğitimi uzmanlarının görüşleri alınmıştır. Uzman görüşlerinden elde edilen dönütlere göre gerekli düzeltmeler yapıldıktan sonra, toplam 7 madde ölçme aracından çıkarılmıştır. Ön uygulama yapılmak üzere toplam 40 maddeden oluşan deneme ölçeği formu oluşturulmuştur. Faktör sayısının serbest bırakıldığı durumda 7 faktöre kadar inen döndürülmüş bileşenler matrisi varyans miktarlarına bağlı olarak 3 faktör ile sınırlandırılmış ve 13 maddenin ölçekten çıkarılmasıyla 27 maddeyle son şeklini almıştır. Yapılan güvenirlik analizleri sonucunda Cronbach-alfa değeri 0,85 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Geçerlik ve güvenirlik analizleri sonuçları, bu çalışma ile oluşturulan mantara yönelik tutum ölçeği, yeterli düzeyde geçerlik ve güvenirlik değerlerine sahip bir ölçek olduğunu göstermiştir., The study group of the research consisted of 515 individuals living in Konya province and its districts, generally dealing with agriculture and animal husbandry. In order to develop the data collection tool, first of all, a literature review was conducted and researches on scale development were examined. Based on the items in the scales, a trial form consisting of unique 47 items was prepared. Opinions of 1 education scientist, 1 measurement and evaluation and 2 biology field education experts were taken about the intelligibility and proficiency levels of the scale items. After the necessary corrections were made according to the feedback obtained from the expert opinions, a total of 7 items were removed from the measurement tool. A trial scale form consisting of a total of 40 items was created for pre-application. When the number of factors was released, the rotated components matrix, which went down to 7 factors, was limited to 3 factors depending on the amount of variance and took its final shape with 27 items by removing 13 items from the scale. As a result of the reliability analysis, the Cronbach-alpha value was calculated as 0.85. The results of the validity and reliability analyzes showed that the mushroom attitude scale created in this study is a scale with sufficient validity and reliability values.

Bu çalışma hidrodistilasyon yöntemi kullanılarak elde edilmiş olan Origanum vulgare, Salvia officinalis, Rosmarinus officinalis ve Mentha piperita bitkilerinin uçucu yağlarının Bacillus cereus ATCC 14579, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Salmonella typhimurium ATCC 14028, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 mikroorganizmaları üzerindeki antimikrobiyal etkilerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır. Antimikrobiyal etki mikrodilüsyon yöntemi kullanılarak tespit edilmiştir. Uçucu yağlara karşı en hassas bakterinin Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, en dirençli bakterinin ise Salmonella typhimurium ATCC 14028 olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Uçucu yağ konsantrasyonu düştükçe antimikrobiyal etkinin azaldığı da gözlemlenmiştir. En etkili uçucu yağın Origanum vulgare’ye ait olduğu ve yüksek antimikrobiyal etki gösterdiği belirlenmiştir. Rosmarinus officinalis ve Mentha piperita’nın Origanum vulgare’den sonra en etkili uçucu yağlar olduğu, bunu Salvia officinalis uçucu yağının izlediği tespit edilmiştir., This present research was performed to determine the antimicrobial effect of essential oils produced by the hydrodistillation method of Origanum vulgare, Salvia officinalis, Rosmarinus officinalis and Mentha piperita on Bacillus cereus ATCC 14579, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Salmonella typhimurium ATCC 14028, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923. Antimicrobial effect was achieved by means of the microdilution method. It was determined that the most sensitive bacteria against essential oils was Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 and the most resistant bacteria Salmonella typhimurium ATCC 14028. It was found that the antimicrobial effect reduced as the essential oil concentration reduced. The most effective essential oil was O. vulgare, and it showed the highest overall antimicrobial effect. Besides O. vulgare, essential oils from R. officinalis and M. piperita were the second most effective, followed by the essential oil of S. officinalis, respectively.

Bu çalışmada Kestel Bölgesinde (Kadınhanı-Konya) yaygın olarak yetişen makromantarların ve yetiştikleri topraktaki mineral kompozisyonları ve aralarındaki korelasyonun incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu maksatla bölgede yapılan arazi çalışmaları sonucunda tespit edilen makrofunguslar “Macrolepiota procera (Scop.) Singer (Şemsiye Mantarı), Suillus collinitus (Fr.) Kurtze (Benekli Süngermantarı), Boletus edulis Bull. (Çörek Mantarı)” türleridir. Arazi çalışmalarında elde edilen mantar örneklerinin ve yetiştikleri substratlara ait toprak örnekleri ayrı ayrı polietilen torbalar içinde alınarak, laboratuvar getirilmiştir. Makromantarların ve toprak örneklerinin mineral madde analizinde ICP-MS cihazı kullanılarak 15 elementin varlığı PPB(Parts Per Billion=Milyarda bir) oranında araştırılmıştır. Yapılan çalışmalar sonucunda toprakta bulunan elementlerin yoğunlukları ile mantar örneklerindeki element yoğunlukları pozitif yönde korelasyon gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir. Bundan dolayı ağır metal kirliliği veya endüstriyel kirlilik bulunan alanlarda yetişen makromantarların besin olarak tüketilmelerinin sağlık açısından uygun olmadığı yönünde değerlendirme yapılmıştır., In this study, it was aimed to examine the macrofungi that are widely grown in Kestel Region (Kadınhanı-Konya) and the mineral compositions in the soil they grow and the correlation between them. For this purpose, the macrofungi identified as a result of field studies in the region are “Macrolepiota procera (Scop.) Singer (Umbrella Mushroom), Suillus collinitus (Fr.) Kurtze (Spotted Sponge Mushroom), Boletus edulis Bull. (Born Mushroom)” species. Soil samples of the mushroom samples and the substrates they grow were taken separately in polyethylene bags and brought to the laboratory. In the mineral matter analysis of macrofungi and soil samples, the presence of 15 elements was investigated at the rate of PPB (Parts Per Billion=One in a Billion) using ICP-MS device. As a result of the studies, it was determined that the concentrations of the elements in the soil and the element concentrations in the mushroom samples showed a positive correlation. Therefore, it has been evaluated that the consumption of macrofungi grown in areas with heavy metal pollution or industrial pollution is not suitable for health.

WOS: 000513246800001, The seeds of Tamarindus indica L., classified as bio-waste, are powerful sources of bioactive compounds, especially tannins. In order to use its full potential, extraction of such bioactive constituents should be done under the optimized conditions. In the frame of this paper, central-composite experimental design and RSM (response surface methodology) were applied in order to investigate the impact of the maceration parameters on target responses and to optimize extraction process. Extraction was performed under the different levels of extraction solvent (methanol), temperature, and solvent-to-sample ratio. Obtained extracts were evaluated in terms of total phenols, flavanols, and tannin yield and in vitro antioxidant activity (DPPH, FRAP, CUPRAC). Experimental results were fitted to a second-order polynomial model where regression analysis and analysis of variance were used to determine model fitness and optimal extraction conditions. Optimized extraction conditions determined by RSM were methanol concentration of 69.99%, extraction temperature of 23.38 degrees C, solvent-to-sample ratio of 1:20. Chemical characterization of the extract obtained under the optimized conditions was done by using HPLC-ESI-MS/MS technique. The study could provide a scientific baseline for designing novel functional products from T. indica seeds in further studies.

WOS: 000495704200020, …, Scientific Research Foundation of Cumhuriyet University (CUBAP) (Sivas, Turkey) [F-362], This work was a part of Project No. F-362 supported by the Scientific Research Foundation of Cumhuriyet University (CUBAP) (Sivas, Turkey).

Morchella cinsi mantarlar yılın her dönemi doğadan toplanamamaktadır. Bu nedenle bu türe erişim her zaman mümkün olmamaktadır. Bu elde etme zorluğu ile cinsin türlerinin besinsel açıdan lezzetli olması onları ülkemizde ve dünyada oldukça değerli kılmaktadır. Türkiye’de bugüne kadar Morchella cinsine ait 25 tür yapılan literatür çalışmasında tespit edilmiştir. Bu çalışmada, Kırşehir İl’inden 2018 yılı mart ayında yapılan arazi çalışmaları sırasında toplanan mantar örneklerinin Morchella steppicola Zerova olduğu teşhis edilmiş ve dünya mikotası için kırmızı listede olan bu mantar Türkiye’den ikinci kez farklı bir lokaliteden tespit edilmiştir., The species of Morchella genus can not be collected from nature in every period of the year. Therefore, obtain to this type is not always possible. The fact that the species of the genus is nutritionally tasty makes it very valuable in our country and in the world. In Turkey, it was determined 25 species belonging to the genus of Morchella according to the literature to date. In this study, Morchella steppicola Zerova, which was collected from Kırşehir Province during the field study in March 2018, was identified, and that this fungus, was in the red list for world mushrooms, was detected from a different locality from Turkey for the second time.

WOS: 000472238700010, PubMed: 31121457, The phytochemical composition of different extracts obtained from stinking chamomile (Anthemis cotula L) was investigated. Ethanol was used as solvent and accelerated solvent extraction (ASE), microwave assisted extraction (MAE), maceration, soxhlet extraction (SE), and ultrasound assisted extraction (UAE) were applied on plant material. Comparison of the phytochemical contents, antioxidant, and enzyme inhibitory properties were performed. The most abundant sesquiterpene in the extracts was anthecotuloide, while the most present phenolics were caffeoyl quinic acid, quercetin, and kaempferol derivatives. UAE extract was the most efficient in the extraction of sesquiterpenoids and polyphenols. Considering the assays on antioxidant activity and enzyme inhibition, ASE extract showed highest phenolic content (62.92 mg gallic acid equivalent/g extract). Likewise, this extract showed highest radical scavenging (103.44 mg trolox equivalent [TE]/g extract and 155.70 mg TE/g extract, for DPPH and ABTS assays respectively) and reducing power potential (435.32 and 317.89 mg TE/g extract, for CUPRAC and FRAP assays, respectively). The different extracts showed similar results in the enzyme inhibition assays suggesting that the extraction methods used have no effect on observed enzyme activities. Novelty of our findings are the inhibitory action of the ethanol extract of A. cotula aerial parts on key enzymes associated with Alzheimer's disease (acetyl cholinesterase, butyryl cholinesterase), type 2 diabetes (alpha-amylase, alpha-glucosidase), and skin hyperpigmentation disorders (tyrosinase). Data collected from the present work further appraises the multiple potential biological properties of stinking chamomile suggesting the need for further investigation on its constituents. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

WOS: 000484025600002, In the present study, the morphological, anatomical, and palynological properties of 2 Bornmuellera Hausskn. taxa, which are endemic to Turkey, were examined. B. kiyakii Aytac & Aksoy is known from the province of Konya, growing in serpentine areas, and B. glabrescens (Boiss. & Balansa) Cullen & T. R. Dudley is known from the province of Nigde. Through morphological analyses, the characteristics of the taxa were designated and the descriptions were expanded. The morphology of the stem, leaf, trichomes, and capsule are essential to separate the examined taxa. The anatomical analyses showed that the taxa had similar anatomical root, stem, and leaf tissue layers; however, their rows, and mesophyll thickness were different between the taxa. Anatomical traits, such as the presence of an endodermis in B. kiyakii, the pith region in the cross-sections of the stems, linear-shaped leaf in B. glabrescens, and triangular-shaped leaf in B. kiyakii have taxonomic importance. The pollen grains of the studied taxa were tricolpate, isopolar, and radial symmetrical, prolate-spheroidal, and had reticulate ornamentation. The fruit of B. kiyakii were characterized by globose, asymmetrical, and yellow-purplish-pink valves with rugose ornamentation, which clearly differed from that of B. glabrescens, which had ovoid, symmetrical, and light green-yellow valves. The seed traits clearly appeared to have taxonomic significance. The seeds of B. glabrescens were orbicular-shaped, yellowish-brown in colour, with reticulate ornamentation; however, the seeds of B. kiyakii were oblong-elliptic-shaped, and the tile was red-brown in colour., Selcuk University Scientific Research UnitSelcuk University [15201002], We would like to thank Dr. Ahmet Savran and Dr. Hakki Demirelma for their assistance with the field excursion, Dr. Hasan Huseyin Dogan for his light microscope investigation of the fruit and seeds, and the Selcuk University Scientific Research Unit for their financial support (Project number is 15201002).

WOS: 000482518400045, Coumarins as naturally occurring heterocycles are chemically and biologically attractive compounds due to their diverse pharmacological properties. This study aimed to design a green method for the synthesis of coumarin derivatives followed by their biological investigations. To do so, coumarins were synthesized with excellent yields using a one-pot procedure under solvent-free conditions at room temperature with very short reaction times. 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide was used as a reaction medium and an alternative for common toxic solvents. The structure of coumarins was confirmed using spectroscopic techniques as well as elemental analysis. The cytotoxicity of coumarins was evaluated against A549 cancerous cells and was found to be non-cytotoxic in nature. Also, their abilities for inhibition of acetylcholinesterase, tyrosinase, and alpha-glucosidase were assessed. The results showed that some derivatives have mild to moderate inhibitory activity (IC50=3.64-5.96 mm) against acetylcholinesterase. The tested coumarins have also moderately inhibited tyrosinase (IC50=3.95-13.96 mm). The results of this study could be useful for the design and development of green and effective methods for the synthesis of new drugs with the core structure of coumarin., Ministry of Health and Medical Education; Biotechnology Research Center at Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, The authors would like to acknowledge the Ministry of Health and Medical Education, and also, Biotechnology Research Center at Tabriz University of Medical Sciences for the financial support.

WOS: 000478263400001, PubMed: 31225640, BACKGROUND In this study, we aimed to evaluate the influence of different extraction procedures [decoction, homogenizer-assisted extraction (HAE), infusion, maceration, Soxhlet and ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE)] on the chemical profiling and biological properties of methanol and water extracts of Pulicaria dysenterica (L.) Bernh. The chemical profiles of the extracts were evaluated by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionization and time-of-flight mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-TOF-MS). The antioxidant properties and enzymes (lipase, alpha-amylase, alpha-glucosidase, tyrosinase and cholinesterases) inhibitory potential of the extracts were evaluated. RESULTS The chemical profiles were dependent on the type of extraction methods as well as on the type of solvent. The methanolic extracts showed higher levels of total phenolic, flavonoid, and phenolic acid content, while the highest total flavonol content was observed in the HAE-water extract. Forty different compounds were identified from P. dysenterica. In relation to the potential in vitro anti-diabetic effects, the highest activity against the studied key enzymes was observed for the macerated extract (alpha-amylase: 0.58 +/- 0.03 and alpha- glucosidase: 1.65 +/- 0.03 mmol ACAE g(-1)). The HAE-methanol extract was the most potent inhibitor of cholisterases, whereas the highest activities against tyrosinase were observed for UAE-methanol extract, followed by macerated and Soxhlet. The inhibitory activity of the studied extracts against lipase were in the order: soxhlet > macerated> HAE-methanol > UAE-methanol. CONCLUSION This study has established scientific baseline data on the therapeutic properties of P. dysentrica, thereby advocating the need for further investigations in an endeavour to develop novel pharmaceuticals from this plant. (c) 2019 Society of Chemical Industry

1st International Conference on Natural Toxicology and Pharmacology (ICNTP) -- AUG 08-12, 2019 -- Guangzhou, PEOPLES R CHINA, WOS: 000467512200022, PubMed: 30905866, Significant evidence indicated that flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum) possesses various positive health aspects such as reducing the risk of cancer and cardiovascular diseases. The fatty acids are considered to be responsible for these benefits of flaxseed. Herein, the in vitro effects of flaxseed extract on the growth and apoptosis of human breast cancer MCF-7 cells were investigated. The MCF-7 cells treated with flaxseed extract showed a dose-dependent decrease in cell viability. The flaxseed extract induced reactive oxygen species and the flow cytometric analysis demonstrated that flaxseed fatty acids triggered apoptosis of MCF-7 cells, which was also shown by the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and caspase cascade reaction. Thus, the flaxseed extract regulated the growth of MCF-7 cells and induced apoptosis. Eventually, the flaxseed could be used as a dietary supplement to prevent breast cancer., Jinan Univ, Zhejiang Univ, Univ Macau, Univ Hong Kong, Int Assoc Dietet Nutr & Safety, Int Soc Chinese Med, China Agriculture Technology Research System [CARS-16-E-04], This study was supported by grants from China Agriculture Technology Research System (CARS-16-E-04).

WOS: 000459524900008, PubMed: 30500554, Heracleum sphondylium L. subsp. ternatum (Velen.) Brummitt. commonly known as "hogweed" is traditionally used to manage several human ailments. This investigation assessed, for the first time, the enzyme inhibitory properties, antioxidant activity, phytochemical profile, antimutagenic, and antimicrobial potential of the ethyl acetate, methanol, and water extracts of H. sphondylium. We also established the possible interactions of identified phenolic compounds with cholinesterases, amylase, glucosidase, and tyrosinase using in silico docking studies. Chlorogenic acid was found in high amounts in the methanol extract of H. sphondyliurn. The methanol extract was an effective inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase (1.70 mg galantamine equivalent (GALAE)/g extract) while the ethyl acetate extract showed pronounced inhibitory action against butyrylcholinesterase (1.77 mg GALAE/g extract). The extracts exhibited low inhibition against amylase (0.12-0.84 mmol acarbose equivalent (ACAE)/g extract) and a more pronounced inhibition against glucosidase (2.29-3.65 mmol ACAE/g extract). In silico results showed that rutin and quercetin (-70.4 and -72.2 Kcal/mol, for rutin and quercetin respectively) docked to the enzymatic cavity of acetylcholinesterase but these phenolic compounds showed less affinity with butyrylcholinesterase (-15.0 and -5.2 Kcal/mol, for rutin and quercetin respectively). The extracts did not induce any mutations on the bacterial strains, while they have excellent antimutagenic capacity against well-known mutagens (inhibition values 98%, 97% and 96%). The methanol extract (0.78 mg/ml) showed moderate antifungal activity while the ethyl acetate extract (0.78-3.12 mg/ml) showed weak to moderate antimicrobial activity. This study provides valuable baseline data which might serve for the development of future pharmacophores for the management of human ailments.

WOS: 000456899500044, PubMed: 30590334, This study attempts to compare the pharmaceutical potential (antioxidant and key enzyme inhibition of clinical relevance) of organic and aqueous extracts of Parentucellia latifolia (L) Caruel subsp. latifolia (L) Caruel as well as phytochemical composition. The phytochemical compounds were evaluated by spectrophotometric methods (for total amounts) and HPLC-ESI-DAD-MSn (for individual compounds). The extracts were screened for antioxidant abilities by in vitro assays. Inhibition effects were also investigated against a set of enzymes linked to major health problems. Generally, the methanol (MeOH) and aqueous extracts displayed higher scavenging abilities on radicals and reductive effects when compared with the ethyl acetate (EtOAc) extract. On the other hand, the EtOAc extract was the most active inhibitor on cholinesterases (1.81-1.88 mg GALAE/g), amylase (0.70 mmol ACAE/g), glucosidase (2.85 mmol ACAE/g) and lipase (33.24 mg OE/g). The highest TPC was observed in the aqueous extract (25.07 mg GAE/g) while MeOH extract possessed the highest level of TFC (44.15 mg RE/g) and TPAC (3.46 mg CE/g). LCMSn metabolite profiling indicated that loganin and its isomers, rutin, and luteolin-O-hexoside were the most abundant compounds. Our results suggest that P. latifolia may be valuable source of phyto-agents for the management of noncommunicable diseases. (C) 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

WOS: 000456314600009, Mushrooms are excellent sources of nutraceuticals and have attracted much interest as functional foods. In this work the inhibitory capacity of six macrofungus (Coprinus comatus, Macrolepiota mastoidea, Agaricus campestris, Lycoperdon utriforme, Macrolepiota procera, and Leucoagaricus leucothites) against key enzymes related to diabetes type II (alpha-amylase, alpha-glucosidase), Alzheimer's disease [acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE)] was assessed for the first time. The antioxidant properties (total antioxidant capacity, metal chelating, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), cupric reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging assays) and phenolic contents of the selected mushroom species were also evaluated. We found that L. utriforme had the highest enzyme inhibitory activity (0.97 mg galantamine equivalents (GALAE)/g extract, 1.33 mg GALAE/g extract, 0.22 mmol acarbose equivalents (ACAE)/g extract, and 2.97 mmol ACAE/g extract against AChE, BChE, alpha-amylase, and alpha-glucosidase, respectively). A widely consumed mushroom species namely A. campestris possessed the highest phenolic content (15.63 mg GAE/g extract) and the maximum antioxidant potential against DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, and CUPRAC. Experimental data collected in the present study support the use of these mushrooms specially L. utriforme and A. campestris as functional foods for the management and/or prevention of diabetes type II, Alzheimer's disease, and oxidative stress related complications. (c) 2018 SAAB. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

WOS: 000456314600012, In the frame of the present paper the enzymatic transformation of apigenin-glucosides into free aglycone was achieved by autofermentation of chamomile ligulate flowers (CLF). Antioxidant properties of the autofermented CLF (A-CLF) extract were evaluated by their radical scavenging activity against hydroxyl radicals and inhibition of lipid peroxidation. Obtained results showed that A-CLF extract in a concentration of 0.84 mg/mL was able to inhibit 50% of hydroxyl radicals, while IC50 value in the case of inhibition of lipid peroxidation was 5.21 mg/mL. Antimicrobial activity was done by measuring minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values for eight microbial strains. Obtained MIC values (9.75-156.25 mu g/mL) confirmed high antibacterial and antifungal activities of the extract. Cytotoxic activity was done by using three histological different cell lines: Hep2C; RD and L2OB. Obtained IC50 values for these cell lines were: 28.72; 17.31 and 10.92, respectively. Furthermore, in vitro investigation of the A-CLF ability to inhibit selected enzymes (alpha-amylase, alpha-glucosidase, tyrosinase) was done as well. Determined activities against alpha-amylase and alpha-glucosidase were 0.94 and 3.24 mmol ACAE/g, respectively. Further, measured activity against tyrosinase was 0.69 mg KAEs/g indicating high enzyme-inhibitory activity of examined sample. Results demonstrated that A-CLF extracts showed considerable pharmacological activity. (c) 2018 SAAB. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved., Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia [TR31013], The present work was carried out within the projects of the Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia, (Projects No. TR31013). The authors are grateful to Dr. Dusan Adamovic, Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Backi Petrovac, Serbia, for his support in supplying plant material.

WOS: 000501620400040, The current study was designed to evaluate the phytochemical profile and biological properties (antioxidant, enzyme inhibitory and cytotoxic activity) of methanolic, ethanolic, ethyl-acetate and water extracts of Alchemilla vulgaris from Southeast Serbia (central Balkan) which was traditionally used to alleviate and treat many diseases. Bioactive compounds were characterized by LC-MS/MS technique and biological properties were evaluated using antioxidant, enzyme inhibitory and cytotoxic assays. Twenty-six phenolic compounds were quantified in methanolic, ethanolic, ethyl acetate and water extracts, whereas the highest yields were found in ethyl-acetate (EA) extract (gallic acid, caffeic acid, catchin, quercetin). This extract has also shown the greatest antioxidant, anticancer and inhibitory enzyme activities which were demonstrated for the first time in this study. The obtained results indicated that Alchemilla vulgaris from South Serbia possesses high potential for pharmaceutical applications., Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia [172058, 173013], This work was supported by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia [grant numbers 172058 and 173013].

WOS: 000456314600016, Several plants belonging to the genus Capparis are the focus of growing interest due to their singular nutritional and medicinal properties. In the present study, flower bud samples from C. spinosa L. (Lipari Island, Italy) were subjected to decoction, Soxhlet, and microwave extraction techniques and the individual extracts investigated to better characterize the phytochemical and antioxidant profiles of the plant. Total phenolic and flavonoid amounts, phenolic composition, radical scavenging as well as reductive and metal chelating properties were determinated by well-established chemical and analytical procedures. Furthermore, cholinesterase inhibitory effects were evaluated by Ellman's method. Fatty acid percentage and essential oil composition were also detected by GC and GC-MS techniques respectively. Rutin was found to be the major component in the studied extracts. The Soxhlet extract exhibited the strongest radical scavenging and reductive activities as compared to the other extracts, most probably due to the highest concentration of phenolics, especially rutin. The best cholinesterase inhibitory effect was observed in the microwave extract. Palmitic acid was the most abundant fatty acid in the studied oil, whereas docosane was the major volatile compound in the essential oil. Present data corroborate the multipurpose potential of C. spinosa for designing bio-based drug formulations or functional applications. (c) 2018 SAAB. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

The current study deals with anatomical, palynological and micromorphological aspects of endemic Silenetunicoides for the first time. With morphological analysis, the descriptions of species were enlarged as different fromprevious studies in point of calyx and corolla dimensions, androecium and gynoecium dimensions. With anatomicalanalysis, the shape of leaves of cross sections, presence of starch grains in pith cells are found different. Pollen and seedmorphology can be useful to distinguishing species. Pollen dimensions, pore shape and structure, microechinae number,ornamentation are the most important were determined as pollen traits. Seed shape, suture structure, surface, teeth shapeand dimensions are the most valuable seed characteristics., Mevcut çalışma, endemik Silene tunicoides’i anatomik, palinolojik ve mikromorfolojik yönlerden ilk defaincelemektedir. Morfolojik analizler ile türün deskripsiyonu, kaliks ve korolla boyutları, erkek ve dişi organ boyutlarıaçısından önceki çalışmalardan farklı olarak genişletilmiştir. Anatomik analizler ile yaprak enine kesitlerinin şekli ve özhücrelerinde nişasta tanelerinin varlığı farklı bulunmuştur. Polen ve tohum morfolojisi türleri ayırmada faydalıdır. Polenboyutları, por şekli ve yapısı, mikroekina sayısı ve ornamentasyonu polen özelliği bakımından en önemli olarakbelirlenmiştir. Tohum şekli, sutur, yapısı, diş şekli ve boyutları en önemli tohum karakterleridir.

WOS: 000457961800001, PubMed: 30727777, A new series of 4-(3-nitrophenyl)thiazol-2-ylhydrazone derivatives were designed, synthesised, and evaluated to assess their inhibitory effect on the human monoamine oxidase (hMAO) A and B isoforms. Different (un)substituted (hetero)aromatic substituents were linked to N1 of the hydrazone in order to establish robust structure-activity relationships. The results of the biological testing demonstrated that the presence of the hydrazothiazole nucleus bearing at C4 a phenyl ring functionalised at the meta position with a nitro group represents an important pharmacophoric feature to obtain selective and reversible human MAO-B inhibition for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders. In addition, the most potent and selective MAO-B inhibitors were evaluated in silico as potential cholinesterase (AChE/BuChE) inhibitors and in vitro for antioxidant activities. The results obtained from molecular modelling studies provided insight into the multiple interactions and structural requirements for the reported MAO inhibitory properties., Progetto di Ricerca Ateneo La Sapienza (Italy) [C26A14AC5L]; POR FESR LAZIO 2014/2020 - REGIONE LAZIO - Avviso pubblico LIFE 2020, This work was supported by "Progetto di Ricerca Ateneo La Sapienza 2014 - C26A14AC5L" (Italy) and POR FESR LAZIO 2014/2020 - REGIONE LAZIO - Avviso pubblico LIFE 2020.

WOS: 000460752000014, Many people use medicinal plants to relieve disorders related to the central nervous system, such as depression, epilepsy, anxiety and pain, even though the effectiveness of most of them has not yet been proven through scientific studies. Plants of the Lippia genus, Verbenaceae, are widely used in ethnobotany as a food, for seasoning and in antiseptic remedies. They are also marketed and used for the treatment of different types of pain, including stomach ache, abdominal pain and headache, as well as being used as sedatives, anxiolytics and anticonvulsants. Despite their widespread use, there are no reviews on the central nervous system profile of plants of this genus. Therefore, the databases Medline-PubMed, Embase, Scopus and Web of Science were searched using the terms Lippia and biologic activity. Thirty-five papers were found. Eleven species of Lippia showed central nervous system activity, with leaves and the aerial parts of plants being the most commonly used, especially in aqueous and ethanol extracts or volatile oil. The species are composed mainly of terpenoids and phenylpropanoids, including polyketides, flavonoids and in less quantity some alkaloids. Although several species of Lippia present analgesic activity, most studies have not explored the mechanisms responsible for this effect, however, there is some evidence that volatile oils and constituents of the extracts may be responsible for the relief of some CNS disorders, but the effects on pain modulation seem to be the most exploited so far. (C) 2018 Sociedade Brasileira de Farmacognosia. Published by Elsevier Editora Ltda., CNPqNational Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq); CAPESCAPES; FAPITEC-SE, This study was supported by CNPq, CAPES and FAPITEC-SE, all agencies from Brazil.

WOS: 000461767700008, PubMed: 31037148, Cardiovascular and metabolic diseases (CVMD) are the leading causes of death worldwide, underscoring the urgent necessity to develop new pharmacotherapies. Berberine (BBR) is an eminent component of traditional Chinese and Ayurvedic medicine for more than 2000 years. Recently, BBR has attracted much interest for its pharmacological actions in treating and/or managing CVMD. Recent discoveries of basic, translational and clinical studies have identified many novel molecular targets of BBR (such as AMPK, SIRT1, LDLR, PCSK9, and PTP1B) and provided novel evidences supporting the promising therapeutic potential of BBR to combat CVMD. Thus, this review provides a timely overview of the pharmacological properties and therapeutic application of BBR in CVMD, and underlines recent pharmacological advances which validate BBR as a promising lead drug against CVMD., National Nature Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China [81603339, 81602344]; Natural Science Foundation of Anhui ProvinceNatural Science Foundation of Anhui Province [1708085QH175]; American Heart AssociationAmerican Heart Association [18CDA34110359]; Slovenian Research Agency ARRSSlovenian Research Agency - Slovenia [J3-8209]; Institute of Health Carlos IIIInstituto de Salud Carlos III [CIBEROBN CB12/03/30038], The work was supported by National Nature Science Foundation of China (81603339, 81602344) and Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province (1708085QH175). S. X. is a recipient of Career Development Award from American Heart Association (18CDA34110359). L. Z. was supported by Slovenian Research Agency ARRS (J3-8209). A. S. was supported by the Institute of Health Carlos III (Project CIBEROBN CB12/03/30038).

WOS: 000477781000004, PubMed: 30514101, This study explored the efficacy of the methanolic extract of three Asphodeline species (A. damascena subsp. rugosa, A. tenuior subsp. tenuiflora var. tenuiflora, and A. cilicica) to protect against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity in HCT116 cells, and also any protective effects against lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-induced nitrite levels, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and 8-iso-prostaglandin F2 alpha (8-iso-PGF2 alpha) levels, 5HIAA/5-HT ratio, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and interleukin (IL)-6 gene expression in rat colon specimens. Interestingly, A. tenuior extract was most effective in improving the tested biomarkers, by reducing LDH activity and nitrite level. On the other hand, A. damascena was the only species able to blunt LPS-induced TNF-alpha gene expression in rat colon specimens. The present findings highlighted the protective effects of Asphodeline extracts via in vitro and ex vivo models of inflammation and oxidative stress, adding new insights to the pharmacological actions of these medicinal plant species.

Mantarlar tarih öncesi çağlardan beri mucize gıda ve tıp malzemeleri olarak kabul edilir. Günümüzde, insanoğlu sentetik bileşiklere karşı alternatif doğal hammadde arayışı içindedir ve bu yüzden mantarlar bu yolda büyük bir hazinedir. Bu bağlamda, sunulan çalışmada üç Lactarius (L. salmonicolor Heim et Leclair, L. deliciosus (L. ex Fr.) S.F. Gray ve L. aurantiacus (Pers.) Gray) türünün antioksidan ve enzim inhibisyon özelliklerini belirlemeyi amaçladık. Ek olarak, her bir ekstraktın toplam fenolik içeriklerini belirledik. Antioksidan özellikler serbest radikal süpürme (2,2- diphenil-1-pikrilhidrazil (DPPH) ve 2,2'-azino-bis(3-etilbenzothiazolin-6-sulfonik asit (ABTS)), indirgeme gücü (bakır (II) iyonu indirgeme antioksidan kapasite (CUPRAC) ve demir (III) iyonu indirgeme gücü (FRAP)), fosfomolibdat ve metal şelatlama testlerin içeren farklı kimyasal testler ile değerlendirildi. Enzim inhibitör özellikler ise kolinesterazlar (asetilkolinesteraz (AChE) ve butirilkolinesteraz (BChE)), α-amilaz ve α-glukozidaza karşı araştrıldı. Genel olarak, L. delicious ve L salmonicolor en güçlü serbest radikal süpürme ve indirgeme gücü yeteneklerini sergilediler. Bununla birlikte, L. aurantiacus fosfomolibdat testinde en etkili olandı. En güçlü AChE inhibisyonu L. salmonicolor’da elde edilirken en yüksek α-glukozidaz inhibisyon etkileri L. delicious ve L. aurantiacus ile sağlandı. Tüm eksraklar benzer α-amilaz inhibisyonu sergilediler. Mevcut çalışma test edilen Lactarius türlerinin, farmasötikler veya nutrasötikler gibi fonksiyonel ürünleri tasarlamak için doğal hammaddeler olarak kabul edilebileceğini öne sürdü., Mushrooms are considered a miracle food and medical items since prehistoric ages. Nowadays, humanity is searching for alternative natural raw materials against synthetic ones and thus mushrooms are a big treasure in this way. In this context, we aimed to determine the antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory properties of three Lactarius species (L. salmonicolor Heim et Leclair, L. deliciosus (L. ex Fr.) S.F. Gray, and L. aurantiacus (Pers.) Gray) in the presented study. In addition, total phenolic content was determined for each extract. Antioxidant properties of the tested extracts were evalauted by different chemical methods including free radical scavenging (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6- sulfonic acid (ABTS)), reducing power (cupric reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP)), phosphomolybdenum and metal chelating. Enzyme inhibitory properties were investigated against cholinesterases (acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrlcholinesterase (BChE)), α-amylase and α-glucosidase. Generally, L. delicious and L salmonicolor exhibited the strongest free radical scavenging and reducing power abilities. However, L. aurantiacus exhibited the most activity in phosphomolybdenum assays. The highest AChE inhibitory effect was obtained by L. salmonicolor while the best α-glucosidase inhibitory effects were provided by L. delicious and L. aurantiacus. All extracts exhibited similar α-amylase inhibition abilities. The presented study suggested that the tested Lactarius species might be considered as natural raw materials for designing functional products such as pharmaceuticals or nutraceuticals.

Lepidoptera ordosuna ait olan Galleria mellonella L., arıcılıkta peteklere zarar veren, ekonomik yönden zararlı, holometabol bir böcek türüdür. Büyük balmumu güvesi olarak bilinen bu türün larvaları, polen ve petekle beslenerek arı kovanlarına büyük zarar verir. G. mellonella, kısa hayat devresine sahip olması ve yüksek verimliliği ile ve ayrıca çeşitli yapay besinlerde iyi gelişebilmesi nedeniyle biyolojik ve kimyasal mücadele çalışmaları için önemli bir böcek türü olarak kabul edilmektedir. Tuz çakşırı ismiyle bilinen Ferula halophila Peşmen; maydanozgiller (Apiaceae) familyasına ait, çok yıllık, 60- 90 cm uzunluğunda ve Tuz Gölü civarında yayılış gösteren endemik bir bitkidir. Bu tür, halofit bir bitki olup bu bitkinin tehlike kategorisi VU (zarar görebilir)’dur. Bu çalışmada, laboratuvar şartlarında yetiştirilen G. mellonella’nın larval evresinde uygulanan F. halophila ekstraktının, böceğin katalaz enzim aktivitesi üzerine etkileri araştırılmıştır. Deney grupları için, stok kültürlerden elde edilen yumurtalar, farklı dozlarda (20, 40 ve 60 ppm) bitki ekstraktı karıştırılmış besin içine bırakılmış ve yumurtadan çıkan larvaların bu besinle beslenmeleri sağlanmıştır. Aynı bitki ekstrakt oranlarında, homojenattaki protein miktarlarındaki değişimleri incelemek için böcekten protein izolasyonu gerçekleştirilmiştir. Homojenatlardaki toplam protein miktarı Bradford metodu ile belirlenmiş ve ekstraktlara SDS- PAGE analizi yapılarak protein profilleri çıkartılmıştır. Elde edilen ekstraktlar, enzim aktivite analizleri için kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada, özellikle savunma mekanizmasında etkili olan katalaz enzim aktivitesi ölçülmüştür. Sonuçlar incelendiğinde; 20, 40 ve 60 ppm ekstrakt içeren besinle beslenen larvalarda, F. halophila ekstraktının konsantrasyonundaki artışa bağlı olarak katalaz aktivitesinin de arttığı tespit edilmiştir. Son yıllarda zararlı böceklerle mücadelede kullanılan pestisitlerin, böcek fizyolojisi ve biyokimyası üzerine etki mekanizmaları araştırılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, bazı türlerinin afrodizyak etkisi de bilinen Ferula cinsine ait F. halophila’nın böcek metabolizmasına etkisinin incelenmesinde G. mellonella model bir canlı olarak kullanılmıştır., Lepidoptera orders belonging to the Galleria mellonella L., damaging honeycomb in beekeeping, is an insect pest holometabol economically. Larvae of this species known as the great wax moth, pollen and great harm to the feeding combs, beehives. G. mellonella, and to have a short life cycle and high efficiency, and also to be recognized as an important insect species because it can grow well on a variety of biological and chemical control studies on artificial food. Salt flint known as Ferula halophila Peşmen; Apiaceae belonging to the family, many years, is an endemic plants spread around 60- 90 cm in length and Salt Lake. This species of this plant is a plant halophytes danger category VU (damage), respectively. In this study, grown in laboratory conditions G. mellonella 's applied to the larval extracts of F. halophila, its effects on catalase aktivity were investigated. For experimental groups, egg extracts from stock cultures were plunged into mixed nutrient at different doses (20, 40 and 60 ppm) and eggs were fed to the larvae. At the same plant extract ratios, bovine protein isolation was performed to investigate changes in homogeneous protein quantities. The total amount of protein in the homogenates was determined by the Bradford method and protein profiles were extracted by SDSPAGE analysis of the extracts. The obtained extracts were used for enzyme activity analysis. Catalase enzyme activity, which is particularly effective in the defense mechanism, has been measured in the study. When the results are examined; It has been found that catalase activity is also increased in larvae fed with food containing 20, 40 and 60 ppm extract due to the increase in the concentration of F. halophila extract. Last year in pesticides used in pest control, insect physiology and biochemistry on the mechanisms of action are being investigated. In this study, the aphrodisiac effect of some species of the genus known Ferula F. halophila' s to assess the effects of insect physiology G. mellonella was used as a live model.

WOS: 000510521700008, The halophyte species Carpobrotus edulis (L.) N.E. Br, also known as Hottentot-fig, is one of the 20 most aggressive invasive species of coastal areas worldwide. It is native to South Africa, where it is used in traditional medicine for the treatment of several diseases, including tuberculosis and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Aiming at a sustainable use of its biomass as a value-added product, this work reports for the first time the in vitro antioxidant, anti-microbial, enzymatic inhibitory properties and toxicity of peel and flesh extracts of Hottentot-fig mature fruits. The extracts' chemical composition was also determined by spectrophotometric methods (total contents of phenolics: TPC; flavonoids: TFC and tannins: TTC), and by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-MS/MS). The peels' extracts had generally the highest TPC, TFC and TTC, especially the ethanol ones (TPC: 272.82 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/g dry weight (DW), TFC: 1.58 mg quercetin equivalents (QE)/g DW and TTC: 20.3 mg catechin equivalents (CE)/g DW). The peels' extracts also had the highest diversity of compounds, mostly phenolic acids, flavonoids, and coumarins, as identified by HPLC-ESI-MS/MS. Some molecules were specific to a particular fruit part, for example, coumaric acid and uvaol in the peel, and vanillin and kaempferol-O-(rhamnosyl)hexosylhexoside in the flesh. Some compounds are here described for the first time in Hottentot-fig, such as azelaic acid and emodin. The peel's extracts had the highest anti radical activity, especially the ethanol and acetone towards 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) (half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of 0.59 and 0.88 mg/mL, respectively), and the acetone extract against 2,2'-Azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS) (IC50 = 0.56 mg/mL). Samples had nil capacity to chelate iron, a low copper chelation potential, but a significant capacity to reduce iron, especially the ethanol (IC50 = 0.09 mg/mL) and the acetone extracts of peels (IC50 = 0.10 mg/mL) and flesh (IC50 = 0.11 mg/mL) and also the water peel's extracts (IC50 = 0.18 mg/mL). Samples had nil to low activity towards the enzymes acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE), alpha-amylase and alpha-glucosidase, but displayed a strong inhibition of tyrosinase, especially the ethanol peel's extracts (29.55 mg kojic acid equivalents (KAE)/g). Samples had nil to low in vitro toxicity towards human keratinocytes. All together our results suggests possible novel biotechnological applications of Hottentot-fig fruits as sources of innovative bioactive ingredients for the food, cosmetic, agriculture and/or pharmaceutical industries., Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT)Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology; Portuguese National Budget [CCMAR/Multi/04326/2019, UID/DTP/04138/2019]; GreenVet project [ALG-01-0145-FEDER-028876]; FCTPortuguese Foundation for Science and Technology [SFRH/BD/116604/2016, CEECIND/00425/2017], Work supported by the Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) and the Portuguese National Budget (CCMAR/Multi/04326/2019 project), UID/DTP/04138/2019 and GreenVet project (ALG-01-0145-FEDER-028876). Joao Rodrigues acknowledge FCT for the PhD grant SFRH/BD/116604/2016. Luisa Cust6dio was supported by the FCT Scientific Employment Stimulus (CEECIND/00425/2017).

Kynurenine (kyn) and kynurenic acid (kyna) are well-defined metabolites of tryptophan catabolism collectively known as &ldquo, kynurenines&rdquo, which exert regulatory functions in host-microbiome signaling, immune cell response, and neuronal excitability. Kynurenine containing peptides endowed with opioid receptor activity have been isolated from natural organisms, thus, in this work, novel opioid peptide analogs incorporating L-kynurenine (L-kyn) and kynurenic acid (kyna) in place of native amino acids have been designed and synthesized with the aim to investigate the biological effect of these modifications. The kyna-containing peptide (KA1) binds selectively the m-opioid receptor with a Ki = 1.08 &plusmn, 0.26 (selectivity ratio m/d/k = 1:514:10000), while the L-kyn-containing peptide (K6) shows a mixed binding affinity for m, d, and k-opioid receptors, with efficacy and potency (Emax = 209.7 + 3.4%, LogEC50 = &minus, 5.984 + 0.054) higher than those of the reference compound DAMGO. This novel oligopeptide exhibits a strong antinociceptive effect after i.c.v. and s.c. administrations in in vivo tests, according to good stability in human plasma (t1/2 = 47 min).

WOS: 000506413200012, Crotalaria retusa L (Fabaceae) also known as 'rattlebox' has been used in traditional medicine for the management of various human ailments. The present study comparatively evaluated the alpha-amylase, alpha-glucosidase, acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase, and tyrosinase inhibitory activity, antioxidant properties, as well as phytochemical profiles of extracts of C. retusa (bark, fruits, and flowers) obtained by homogenization, maceration, ultrasonication, and Soxhlet extractions. Little variation was noted between the phytochemical profiles obtained by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) of C. retusa same plant parts extracted by different methods while the different plant parts showed specific phytochemical fingerprints. For instance, myricetin was identified in C. retusa fruits only. Fruit and bark extracts possessed the highest concentrations of quercetin and rutin, respectively. p-hydroxybenzoic acid, a phenolic derivative of benzoic acid, was identified in all C. retusa plant parts. Spectrophotometric determinations revealed that C. retusa bark extracts have highest concentrations of phenolic and flavonoids. Besides, C. retusa bark extracts showed highest antioxidant capacity. The extracts showed high inhibitory activity against alpha-glucosidase (21.22-4.81 mmol acarbose equivalent/g), acetylcholinesterase (8.71-8.26 mg galantamine equivalent/g), butyrylcholinesterase (4.16-2.36 mg galantamine equivalent/g), and tyrosinase (133.11-125.26 mg kojic acid equivalent/g). Multivariate component analysis showed that the plant part was the main factor responsible for the observed variability between the extracts. Data collected proved that C. retusa has the potential for the development of novel biopharmaceutical, nutraceutical, and cosmetical products. (C) 2019 SAAB. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved., European Regional Development Fund (ERDF)European Union (EU); University of Rijeka [uniri-biomed-18-133]; Croatian Government; European Union (European Regional Development Fund-the Competitiveness and Cohesion Operational Programme) [KK.01.1.1.01, KK.01.1.1.01.0002], We greatly appreciate the granted access to equipment owned by the University of Rijeka within the project "Research Infrastructure for Campus-based Laboratories at University of Rijeka," financed by the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF). We also acknowledge the University of Rijeka research support uniri-biomed-18-133. We would like to thank Croatian Government and the European Union (European Regional Development Fund-the Competitiveness and Cohesion Operational Programme - KK.01.1.1.01) for funding this research through project Bioprospecting of the Adriatic Sea (KK.01.1.1.01.0002) granted to The Scientific Centre of Excellence for Marine Bioprospecting-BioProCro.

WOS: 000517665500044, PubMed: 32036910, Ricinodendron heudelotii (Baill.) Heckle is used as food ingredient and in the African traditional medicine. In the present study inhibitory activity on alpha-amylase, alpha-glucosidase, acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase, and tyrosinase of ethyl acetate, methanol, and water extracts of R. heudelotii seeds and stem bark were assessed. Stem bark extracts exhibited significant antioxidant properties. Ethyl acetate extract of seed had great inhibitory potential against alpha-glucosidase, acetylcholinesterase, and butyrylcholinesterase. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and high-performance liquid chromatography with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HPLCDAD-ESI-MSn) analysis revealed the presence of catechin and gallic acid derivatives in bark while fatty acid in seeds. Multivariate analysis of obtained data was performed showing a clear separation between seed and stem bark. Obtained results indicate R. heudelotii stem bark as new starting materials for the development of novel pharmaceutical formulations.

WOS: 000517469200001, PubMed: 32116669, Sideritis, also named "ironwort," "mountain tea," or "shepherd's tea," is a genus of flowering plants used as herbal medicine in traditional Mediterranean-area medicine systems, and these plants are generally consumed as a herbal tea. Its use as herbal tea and in traditional herbal medicine is quite popular. There are currently few studies on Sideritis perfoliata L., and only one reports the use of a liquid chromatography coupled to diode array detection and electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (LC-DAD-ESI-MSn) profile and the content of phenolic compounds without considering a possible correlation with its biological activities. This paper aims to investigate the antioxidant activities by means of several different biological/biochemical assays (radical scavenging, reducing power, ferrous ion chelating, and total antioxidant by phosphomolybdenum and beta-carotene bleaching methods) as well as analyze the enzyme inhibitory activities (against AChE (acetylcholinesterase), BChE (butyrylcholinesterase), tyrosinase, alpha-glucosidase, and alpha-amylase) as well as the total phenolics, flavonoids, and condensed tannins. The reported results on Sideritis perfoliata highlighted that methanol and water extracts generally showed higher radical scavenging and reducing power activities. A similar trend could be observed for phosphomolybdenum and ferrous ion chelating activities. Methanol extracts showed lower activity only for the beta-carotene bleaching assay.

WOS: 000512555100001, PubMed: 32013559, This work reports for the first time the in vitro anti-oxidant (towards DPPH, ABTS, copper and iron), enzymatic inhibitory (on AChE, BuChE, alpha-glucosidase, alpha-amylase and tyrosinase), cytotoxicity (towards HepG2 and HEK 293 cells), and metabolomics (by HPLC-MS) of extracts from organs of Malcolmia littorea (L.) R.Br. Extracts were constituted mainly by phenolic acids and flavonoids, and main compounds were salicylic acid and luteolin-7-O-glucoside. Samples showed reduced radical scavenging and metal chelating capacity, and only the methanol extracts reduced iron. The root's ethanol and methanol extracts, and the aerial organ's ethanol extract exhibited the highest AChE inhibition. The root's ethanol extract displayed dual anti-cholinesterase activity. Samples showed a low capacity to inhibit alpha-amylase, but a high alpha-glucosidase inhibition was obtained with the root's and flower's ethanol extracts, and flower's methanol extract. Overall, samples displayed a high inhibition against tyrosinase, reduced HepG2 cellular viability and were less toxic towards HEK 293 cells., Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT)Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology; Portuguese National Budget [CCMAR/Multi/04326/2019, UID/DTP/04138/2019, ALG-01-0145-FEDER-028876]; FCTPortuguese Foundation for Science and Technology [SFRH/BD/116604/2016, CEECIND/00425/2017], Work funded by the Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) and the Portuguese National Budget (CCMAR/Multi/04326/2019, UID/DTP/04138/2019, ALG-01-0145-FEDER-028876 projects). M.J.R. and L.C. acknowledge FCT for SFRH/BD/116604/2016 and CEECIND/00425/2017.

WOS: 000509620100036, PubMed: 31882101, In this work the (poly)-phenolic profile of Moringa oleifera leaves was comprehensively investigated through untargeted metabolomics, following a homogenizer-assisted extraction (HAE) using three solvent systems, i.e. methanol (HAE-1), methanol-water 50:50 v/v (HAE-2) and ethyl acetate (HAE-3). This approach allowed to putatively annotate 291 compounds, recording mainly flavonoids and phenolic acids. Thereafter, antioxidant capacity, antimicrobial activity and enzyme inhibition were assayed in the different extracts. HAE-1 extract showed the highest total phenolic content (31.84 mg/g), followed by HAE-2 (26.95 mg/g) and HAE-3 (14.71 mg/g). In addition, HAE-1 and HAE-2 extracts exhibited an expressive activity against Bacillus cereus and Listeria innocua. The HAE-2 leaf extract was characterized by the highest DPPH and ARTS values (being 49.55 and 45.26 mgTE/g), while ferric reducing antioxidant power was found to be higher in HAE-1 (58.26 mgTE/g). Finally, the enzyme inhibitory effects of M. oleifera leaf extracts were investigated against five enzymes, namely acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), tyrosinase, a-amylase and a-glucosidase. All of the tested extracts exhibited inhibitory effects on AChE and BChE with a higher activity for HAE-3 and HAE-1, whilst HAE-1 showed the higher impact on tyrosinase, glucosidase and amylase activities. Taken together, these findings suggest that M. oleifera leaf extracts are a good source of bioactive polyphenols with a potential use in food and pharma industries.

WOS: 000510521700015, Several Cirsium species have been used in folk medicine for the management of human ailments. However, there is a paucity of scientific data regarding their biological activity as in the case of the new species, C. yildizianum, from Anatolia, Turkey. The present study endeavours for the first time to appraise the antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory activity of C. yildizianum. The phytochemical profiles of C. yildizianum extracts obtained using homogeniser-assisted extraction (HAE), ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), Soxhlet extraction, maceration, decoction, and infusion, using methanol or water as extraction solvents, was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography with electrospray ionization mass spectrometric detection (HPLC-ESI-MSn) analysis. In all extracts, flavonoids were the most abundant compounds, particularly luteolin and apigenin glycosides. HAE methanol extract presented the highest phenolic (37.10 mg gallic acid equivalent/g) and flavonoid (46.78 mg rutin equivalent/g) contents. Likewise, HAE-methanol extract showed potent radical scavenging (40.76 and 68.13 mg Trolox equivalent [TE]/g, for DPPH and ABTS, respectively) and reducing properties (127.62 and 89.95 mg TE/g, for CUPRAC and FRAP, respectively). HAE-methanol extract showed inhibitory activity against acetylcholinesterase (AChE) (3.57 mg galantamine equivalent [GALAE]/g). UAE-methanol extract was a potent inhibitor of butrylcholinesterase (BChE) (2.72 mg GALAE/g) and tyrosinase (121.06 mg kojic acid equivalent/g) However, poor inhibition was recorded for enzymes targeted in the management of diabetes type II, namely alpha-amylase and alpha-glucosidase. On the other hand, potent metal chelating property was observed for water extracts. This study provides comprehensive scientific information on the phytochemical profile of C. yildizianum extracted using different procedures and extraction solvents, which might be considered as valuable baseline data for future bioproducts development.

Bu çalışmada; idrar yolu enfeksiyonlarından izole ve identifiye edilen 135 Escherichia coli suşu; yirmi farklı antibiyotiğe duyarlılıkları ve genişlemiş spektrumlu beta laktamaz enzimi (GSBL) üretimleri açısından değerlendirildi. Antibiyotik duyarlılıklarının belirlenmesi için, disk difüzyon yöntemi kullanıldı. Suşların % 65.1’nin en az bir veya daha fazla antibiyotiğe dirençli olduğu ve suşlar arasında 69 farklı direnç profili olduğu belirlendi. Suşlar arasındaki en yüksek direnç oranı % 50.4 ile ampisiline karşı olduğu, bunu % 40.7 tetrasiklin, % 40 nalidiksik asid, % 31.1 ofloksasin ve moksifloksasin, % 28.9 ile amoksisilin/klavulanik asit ve siprofloksasin’in takip ettiği görüldü. Suşlar meropeneme karşı % 100 duyarlı olarak gözlemlendi, bunu % 1.48 oranı ile imipenem ve % 2.2 oranı ile amikasinin takip ettiği görüldü. GSBL üretiminin belirlenmesi için çift disk sinerji yöntemi kullanıldı. Fenotipik olarak GSBL pozitif suş sayısı 16 (% 11.8) olarak tespit edildi. GSBL pozitif suşların genotipik olarak GSBL genlerinin tespiti amacı ile multipleks PZR yöntemi kullanıldı. Bu yöntem ile blaCTX-M, blaTEM, blaSHV, blaOXA beta laktamaz genleri araştırıldı. GSBL pozitif suşlarda en yaygın genin % 93.7 oranı ile blaTEM geni olduğu ortaya koyuldu. Üropatojenik Escherichia coli enfeksiyonları dünya çapında ciddi bir sorun haline gelmiştir. Hem sentetik hem de doğal antibiyotiklere karşı artan dirençli suşlar, yeni ve daha ciddi hastalıkların ortaya çıkmasıyla enfeksiyonun tekrarlamasına ve kronikleşmesine neden olmaktadır. Bu sebeple üropatojenik E. coli suşlarının antibiyotik direnç özellikleri ile ilgili sürveyans çalışmaları yapılmalı ve yeni terapötik çözümlerin geliştirilmesine olanak sağlanmalıdır., In this study; 135 Escherichia coli strains, isolated and identified from urinary tract infections, were evaluated for their sensitivity to twenty different antibiotics and for their production of extended spectrum of beta lactamase enzyme (ESBL). Disc diffusion method was used to determine antibiotic susceptibilities. It was determined that 65.1% of the strains were resistant to at least one or more antibiotics and there were 69 different resistance profiles among the strains. It was seen that the highest resistance rate among strains was 50.4% against ampicillin, followed by 40.7% tetracycline, 40% nalidixic acid, 31.1% ofloxacin and moxifloxacin, 28.9% amoxicillin / clavulanic acid and ciprofloxacin. Strains were observed to be 100% sensitive to meropenem, followed by imipenem with a rate of 1.48% and amikacin with a rate of 2.2%. Double disk synergy method was used to determine the production of ESBL. It was determined that phenotypically, the number of ESBL positive strains was 16 (11.8%). Multiplex PCR method was used to detect the ESBL genes genotypically in ESBL positive strains. With this method, blaCTX-M, blaTEM, blaSHV, blaOXA beta lactamase genes were investigated. It was revealed that the most common gene in ESBL positive strains was the blaTEM gene with a rate of 93.7%. Uropathogenic Escherichia coli infections have become a serious problem worldwide. Strains that are increasingly resistant to both synthetic and natural antibiotics cause the infection to recur and become chronic with the emergence of new and more serious diseases. For this reason, surveillance studies on the antibiotic resistance properties of uropathogenic E. coli strains should be conducted and new therapeutic solutions should be developed.

Bu çalışmada Lentinula edodes’in misel gelişimi üzerine hümik maddeler ve giberellik asidin (GA3) etkisi araştırılmıştır. Malt ekstrakt agar (MEA) ve patates dekstroz agar (PDA) besi yeri olarak kullanılmış olup, bu besiyer ortamlarına, hümik madde (HM) ve giberellik asidin (GA3) belirli dozları ilave edilerek otoklavda 121°C’de 15 dk steril edilmiştir. Pastör fırınında steril edilmiş petrilere steril güvenlik kabini içerisinde besi yerleri dökülmüştür. Besi yerleri katılaştıktan sonra aynı kabin içerisinde misel ihtiva eden besi yeri aktarımı yapılmıştır. Bu işlemden sonra petriler etüve alınmıştır. Belli aralıklarla miselyum gelişmeleri alansal olarak çizilmiştir. Ön çalışma olarak besiyerlerine %0, %1, %3, %5, %7, %9 oranlarında hümik madde ve giberellik asidin (GA3) ilavesi yapılmış ve bu oranlarda yapılan uygulama sonuçlarına göre, çalışma denemelerinin %0, %0.5, %1, %1.5 oranlarında yapılmasına karar verilmiştir. Bu çalışmada MEA ve PDA besiyerlerinin hazırlanması esnasında %0, %0.5, %1 ve %1.5 oranında hümik madde ve giberellik asidin (GA3) eklenerek petrilere aktarılmıştır. Lentinula edodes’in misel gelişim miktarları ve yoğunlukları incelenmiştir. Denemeler 3 tekrarlı olarak yapılmıştır. Deneme sonuçlarına göre yapılan varyans analizlerine göre ortalamalar arasındaki farklar istatistiki olarak önemli bulunmuştur (P, In this study, the effect of humic substances and gibberellic acid (GA3) on mycelial development of Lentinula edodes was investigated. Malt extract agar (MEA) and potato dextrose agar (PDA) were used as feedstock in the study and malt extract agar and potato dextrose agar were sterilized by autoclaving at 121°C for 15 min with the addition of specific doses of agaric material. In the Pasteur oven, nutrients were poured into sterile petri dishes in the sterile safety cabinet. After the feedstock sites solidified, the transfer of the media containing the mycelium was carried out in the same cabin. After this process, the petri dishes were taken to the incubation oven. At certain intervals mycelial developments were drawn spatially. As a preliminary study, 0%, 1%, 3%, 5%, 7% and 9% of humic substance and gibberellic acid (GA3) were added to feedstock and according to the results of the applications made at these rates, it has been decided to make the working trials at 0%, 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%. In this study, malt extract agar and potato dextrose agar supplemented with 0%, 0.5%, 1% and 1.5% of humic substance and gibberellic acid (GA3) were added to petri dishes. Micelle growth amounts and densities of Lentinula edodes were investigated. The experiments were done in 3 replicates. According to the analysis of variance with trial results the differences between the means were found to be statistically significant (P

WOS: 000482167700001, This study attempts to valorize the multiple pharmacological properties of Harungana madagascariensis Lam. ex Poir., also known as dragon's blood tree, with wide applications in African traditional medicine. The antioxidant and inhibitory activity of H. madagascariensis leaves and stem bark extracts (ethyl acetate, aqueous extracts, and methanol) against enzymes related to diabetes (alpha-glucosidase, alpha-amylase), epidermal hyperpigmentation problems (tyrosinase), and Alzheimer's disease (acetyl and butyryl cholinesterase) were evaluated. The phytochemical profiles of the extracts were studied by high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection and mass spectrometry (HPLC-DAD-MS), observing the presence of procyanidins and flavonoids, particularly in the leaves' extracts. The radical scavenging and reducing power of H. madagascariensis leaves' extracts were greater than the stem bark extracts. The methanol extracts of leaves (4.61 mg galantamine equivalent (GALAE)/g extract) and stem bark (4.68 mg galantamine (GALAE)/g extract) of H. madagascariensis inhibited acetyl cholinesterase. Methanol extracts (153.55 and 147.07 mg kojic acid equivalent (KAE)/g extract, for leaves and stem bark extracts, respectively) of H. madagascariensis showed high tyrosinase inhibition. Correlation and principal component analysis (PCA) were also performed. The observed pharmacological effects of H. madagascariensis support that this plant may be a promising candidate for the development of novel pharmacophores for the treatment of diabetes, epidermal hyperpigmentation problems, Alzheimer's disease, and other oxidative-stress-related complications.

WOS: 000510521700022, Members of the Onosma genus are widely used in folk medicine and they have great interest in the pharmaceutical industry. In this study, phytochemical characterization, antioxidant activity (2,2-dipheny1-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), cupric reducing antioxidant capacity (CIJPRAC), metal chelation, and phosphomolybdenum assays), enzyme inhibition (acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), alpha-amylase, alpha-glucosidase, and tyrosinase), antimicrobial activity (microdilution method), genotoxic and antigenotoxic (by using Drosophila melanogaster larvae and Comet assay) potentials of Onosma sericea Willd. and Onosma stenoloba Hausskn. ex Riedl. were investigated. Additionally, the bioactive compounds were identified by high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) analysis. Generally, O. sericea showed stronger antioxidant activity, while O. stenoloba extract exhibited stronger enzyme inhibitory abilities (cholinesterases and alpha-amylase). The protective effects of extracts, at the concentration range from 25 to 400 mu g/mL, against hydroxyl radical-induced DNA damage were dose-dependent, increasing with a higher dosage. The extracts at the highest concentration (80 mg/mL) showed the absence of genotoxicity in vivo. Antigenotoxic effects were evident after treatment with both extracts, with a percentage reduction of over 80 %. Overall antimicrobial activity of studied extracts was weak, with the lowest minimal inhibitory concentration values (MIC) of 2.5 mg/mL. Taken together, obtained results showed that tested Onosma species can be considered as promising sources of bioactive phytochemicals for pharmacological purposes., Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia [III43004], This study was supported by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia (Grant No.III43004).

3rd International Symposium on Phytochemicals in Medicine and Food (ISPMF) -- AUG 25-30, 2018 -- Kunming, PEOPLES R CHINA, WOS: 000470673800005, PubMed: 30040448, Onion, (Allium cepa L.), is one of the most consumed and grown vegetable crops in the world. Onion bulb, with its characteristic flavor, is the third most essential horticultural spice with a substantial commercial value. Apart from its culinary virtues, A. cepa is also used traditionally for its medicinal virtues in a plethora of indigenous cultures. Several publications have been produced in an endeavor to validate such traditional claims. Nonetheless, there is still a dearth of up-to-date, detailed compilation, and critical analysis of the traditional and ethnopharmacological propensities of A. cepa. The present review, therefore, aims to systematically review published literature on the traditional uses, pharmacological properties, and phytochemical composition of A. cepa. A. cepa was found to possess a panoply of bioactive compounds and numerous pharmacological properties, including antimicrobial, antioxidant, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, hypolipidemic, anti-hypertensive, and immunoprotective effects. Although a large number of in vitro and in vivo studies have been conducted, several limitations and research gaps have been identified which need to be addressed in future studies., Phytochem Soc Europe, Int Soc Chinese Med, Physiol Soc Japan, Phytochem Soc Asia, DBT, GOIDepartment of Biotechnology (DBT) India [BT/BI/25/012/2012]; DST-FISTDepartment of Science & Technology (India) [SR/FST/LSI-639/2015(C)]; UGC-SAPUniversity Grants Commission, India [F.5-1/2018/DRS-II(SAP-II)]; DST-PURSE [SR/PURSE Phase 2/38(G)], The authors KRRR and SKP sincerely acknowledge the computational and bioinformatics facility provided by the Alagappa University Bioinformatics Infrastructure Facility (funded by DBT, GOI; File No. BT/BI/25/012/2012, BIF). The authors also thankfully acknowledge DST-FIST (Grant No. SR/FST/LSI-639/2015(C)), UGC-SAP (Grant No. F.5-1/2018/DRS-II(SAP-II)) and DST-PURSE (Grant No. SR/PURSE Phase 2/38(G)) for providing instrumentation facilities.

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, yorgunluğa kadar yaptırılan gündüz egzersizinin serumdaki element dağılımını nasıl etkilediğini araştırmaktır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Araştırma, aktif olarak spor yapmayan yaş ortalamaları 23,00 ± 0,25 yıl, boy ortalamaları 177,79 ± 2,25 cm, vücut ağırlığı ortalamaları ise 70,10 ± 1,63 kg olan 10 adet sağlıklı erkek sedanter üzerinde gerçekleştirildi. Deneklerden sabah saat 10.00’da yorgunluk egzersizine tabi tutulmadan önce ön kol venalarından 2,5 ml kan örnekleri alındı. Daha sonra deneklerin tamamında Bruce protokolü uygulanarak yorgunluk oluşturuldu. Egzersizlerin bitiminden hemen sonra deneklerden aynı şekilde ikinci kan örnekleri alındı. Alınan kan örneklerinde serum fosfor, sodyum, potasyum, kükürt (mmol/L); kobalt, bor, kadmiyum, krom, nikel, mangan, molibden, bakır, demir, çinko, ve kalsiyum tayinleri (mg/L) atomik emisyon cihazında (ICP-AES) ölçüldü. Bulgular: Çalışmada yorgunluğa kadar yapılan gündüz egzersizi serum potasyum, sodyum, fosfor, kükürt, magnezyum, kalsiyum, demir, çinko, mangan ve nikel element düzeyleriniönemli şekilde etkilemedi (P>0,05). Sonuç: Çalışmanın sonuçları gündüz yorgunluğa kadar yaptırılan egzersizin element metabolizmasında anlamlı değişikliklere yol açmadığını göstermektedir., Objective: The present study aims to examine how exercise performed until fatigue at daytime affects element distribution in the serum. Materials and Method: The study examined 10 healthy sedentary males who were not actively engaged in any particular sport and whose mean age was 23.00±0.25 years, mean height 177.79±2.25 cm, and mean weight 70.70±1.63 kg. Blood samples were collected from the subjects at daytime twice: during rest before exercise and after exercise. Serum phosphorus, sodium, potassium, sulfur (mmol/L), cobalt, boron, cadmium, chrome, nickel, manganese, molybdenum, copper, iron, zinc andcalcium levels (mg/L) were measured using atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES). Results: The fatigue exercise that performed at the during the daytime has not affects on serum potasium, sodium, sulfur, magnesium, calcium, iron, zinc, manganese, boron, cupper, nickel, selenium, molybdenium, chrome, cobalt, lead and cadmium levels (P>0.05). Conclusion: The results of the study show that exercising up to daytime fatigue does not lead to significant changes in element metabolism.

WOS: 000504411300001, PubMed: 31868928, In the present study, we aimed to search and compare the biological activities of the ethanol (EtOH), methanol (MeOH), and ethylacetate (EtOAc) solvent extracts of the flower, stem, and root parts of two Helichrysum plants (H. chionophilum (Hc) and H. plicatum subsp. plicatum (Hp)). The antioxidant properties were determined by using (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) (DPPH) and ABTS (2,2 '-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) assays. The enzyme inhibitory effects of the extracts were investigated on butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), acetylcholinesterase (AChE), alpha-glucosidase, and alpha-amylase. Palmitic acid (C 16:0) was also determined as major fatty acids in the tested oils (31.21%-67.68%). In both plants, it was found that the EtOAc extracts of the flowers had a strong antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory effect. In conclusion, the results obtained in the present study showed that H. chionophilum and H. plicatum can be seen as a promising source for the natural bioactive compounds that can be used in therapeutic applications. Practical applications The members of the genus Helichrysum have been widely taken for therapeutic purposes in traditional medicine as well as food. In this context, we investigated the chemical characterization and biological activities of two Helichrysum species extracts (H. chionophilum and H. plicatum subsp. plicatum). Antioxidant capacity, enzyme inhibition and anti-microbial effects were tested for biological activities. Chemical characterization was identified by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) (for phenolic) and gas chromatography-flame ioanization detector (GC-FID) (for fatty acids). Based on our findings, the species may be valuable for designing novel food products., Gumushane University Scientific Research Project Unit [18, F5119.03.01], This work was supported by Gumushane University Scientific Research Project Unit [grant number 18.F5119.03.01].

Tectaria coadunata, an ethnomedicinal fern used in Nepal to treat a large number of diseases, has been poorly studied with regard to its phytochemical composition and possible bioactivity. This study was performed with the aim of supporting traditional medicine as a new source of bioactive constituents. Phytochemical compositions of methanol extracts were determined by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), liquid chromatography&ndash, diode array detector&ndash, mass spectrophotometry (LC-DAD-MS), and liquid chromatography&ndash, fluorescence&ndash, mass spectrometry. Quali-quantitative data revealed large amount of procyanidins, mainly of the A-type, as well as eriodictyol-7-O-glucuronide and luteolin-7-O-glucoronide as main constituents. The antioxidant, cytotoxic, and inhibitory activity of five enzymes that are implicated in human diseases was evaluated for the extract and fractions. High free-radical scavenging activity in 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2&prime, azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) assays and inhibitory activities against cholinesterases and tyrosinase were observed. Furthermore, a moderate cytotoxic effect was observed on the 2008 and BxPC3 cell lines. Overall results showed potential usefulness of this fern as a source of phytochemicals for pharmaceutical uses.

Bu çalışma, vinclozolinin, arıcılıkta peteklere zarar veren ve ekonomik yönden zararlı bir tür olan Galleria mellonella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)’ nın bazı enzim aktiviteleri (Glukoz Oksidaz, Katalaz ve Ksantin Oksidaz) üzerine etkisini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Deney grupları için, stok kültürlerden elde edilen yumurtalar, farklı dozlarda (20, 40 ve 60 ppm) vinclozolin karıştırılmış besin içine bırakılmış ve yumurtadan çıkan larvaların bu besinle beslenmeleri sağlanmıştır. Aynı vinclozolin oranlarında homojenattaki protein miktarlarındaki değişimleri incelemek için böcekten protein izolasyonu gerçekleştirilmiştir. Homojenatlardaki toplam protein miktarı Bradford metodu ile belirlenmiş ve ekstraktlara SDS- PAGE analizi yapılarak protein profilleri çıkartılmıştır. Elde edilen ekstraktlar, enzim aktivite analizleri için kullanılmıştır. Bu çalışmada, özellikle savunma mekanizmasında etkili olan katalaz enzim aktivitesi, karbonhidrat metabolizmasında rol alan glukoz oksidaz ile nükleotid metabolizmasında görev alan ksantin oksidaz enzim aktiviteleri ölçülmüştür. Aktivite sonuçları incelendiğinde; 20, 40 ve 60 ppm vinclozolin içeren besinle beslenen larvalarda, vinclozilin konsantrasyonundaki artışa bağlı olarak katalaz ve glukoz oksidaz aktivitelerinin arttığı, ksantin oksidaz aktivitesinin ise sabit kaldığı gözlenmiştir. This study was aimed to determine the effect of vinclozolin on some enzym activities (glucose oxidase, catalase and xanthine oxidase) of Galleria mellonella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) which is an economically harmful species damaging the honeycomb in beekeeping. For experimental groups, the eggs obtained from stock were dropped into the mixed feed of vinclozolin at different doses (20, 40 and 60 ppm) and had the larvae fed with this feed. However, at the same rate vinclozolin concentration, three different protein isolation methods were examined to determine maximum level in amount of protein in the homogenates. The total amount of protein was determined by Bradford method and the protein extracts were performed by SDS- PAGE analysis to obtain protein profile. The obtained extracts were used for enzyme activity analysis. In this study, activity of catalase enzyme, particularly effective in defense mechanism, activity of xanthine oxidase involved in nucleotide metabolism and activity of glucose oxidase in the metabolism of carbohydrates were measured. When compared with the results from control groups, the enzyme activities of the larvaes fed with the feed including 20, 40 and 60 ppm of vinclozolin were observed to vary or remain constant. Accordingly, glucose oxidase and catalase activities increased with the increase in amount of vinclozolin in the feed and the activity of xanthine oxidase remained stable.

WOS: 000458903400013, PubMed: 29421954, Human alpha-glucosidase is an enzyme involved in the catalytic cleavage of the glucoside bond and involved in numerous functionalities of the organism, as well as in the insurgence of diabetes mellitus 2 and obesity. Thus, developing chemicals that inhibit this enzyme is a promising approach for the treatment of several pathologies. Small peptides such as di- and tri-peptides may be in natural organism as well as in the GI tract in high concentration, coming from the digestive process of meat, wheat and milk proteins. In this work, we reported the first tentative hierarchical structure-based virtual screening of peptides for human alpha-glucosidase. The goal of this work is to discover novel and diverse lead compounds that my act as inhibitors of alpha-glucosidase such as small peptides by performing a computer aided virtual screening and to find novel scaffolds for further development. Thus, in order to select novel candidates with original structure we performed molecular dynamics (MD) simulations among the 12 top-ranked peptides taking as comparison the MD simulations performed on crystallographic inhibitor acarbose. The compounds with the lower RMSD variability during the MD, were reserved for in vitro biological assay. The selected 4 promising structures were prepared on solid phase peptide synthesis and used for the inhibitory assay, among them compound 2 showed good inhibitory activity, which validated our method as an original strategy to discover novel peptide inhibitors. Moreover, pharmacokinetic profile predictions of these 4 peptides were also carried out with binary QSAR models using MetaCore/MetaDrug applications.

Bu araştırma ile biyoloji öğretmen adaylarının kök hücreye ilişkinalgılarının değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmada nicel araştırmamodellerinden tarama modeli kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışmagrubunu; İç Anadolu Bölgesi’nde bulunan iki farklı devletüniversitesinin Eğitim Fakültesi Biyoloji Eğitimi Ana Bilim Dalı’ndaöğrenim gören 130 öğretmen adayı oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada veritoplama aracı olarak araştırmacılar tarafından geliştirilen “Kök HücreAlgı Ölçeği (KÖHAÖ)” kullanılmıştır. Beşli likert tipinde hazırlananölçeğin Cronbach Alfa değeri.864 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Toplam 19maddeden oluşan ve iki faktörlü yapısı olan ölçek açımlayıcı vedoğrulayıcı faktör analizleri sonucunda geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçmearacı olarak belirlenmiştir. Araştırma kapsamında biyoloji öğretmenadaylarına uygulanan ölçeğe ait veriler SPSS 21.0 programında analizedilmiştir. Verilerin analizinde çeşitli betimsel analizler hesaplanmış vedağılımın özellikleri ortaya konmuştur. Biyoloji öğretmen adaylarınınkök hücre algıları arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi için ölçekteki her birmaddenin aritmetik ortalaması hesaplanarak algıları belirlenmiştir.Araştırmanın alt problemlerine ilişkin yapılan analizlerde verilerinnormal dağılım göstermesinden dolayı parametrik analiz tekniklerindenbağımsız t-testi ve tek yönlü varyans (ANOVA) testi kullanılmıştır. Üniversitelere göre biyoloji öğretmen adaylarının kök hücre algılarıarasındaki ilişkiyi karşılaştırmak amacıyla t-testi uygulanmıştır. Biyolojiöğretmen adaylarının kök hücre konusundaki algılarının sınıfdüzeyindeki ilişkisini belirlemek amacıyla ANOVA testi uygulanmıştır.Araştırmanın sonucunda üniversite değişkenine göre biyoloji öğretmenadaylarının kök hücre algılarına ilişkin 0.05 düzeyinde anlamlı birfarklılık bulunmamıştır. Sınıf düzeyi değişkenine göre biyoloji öğretmenadaylarının kök hücre algılarına ilişkin p.031 değerinde anlamlıderecede farklılık bulunmuştur. Her bir maddenin aritmetikortalamasına göre biyoloji öğretmen adaylarının kök hücre konusunailişkin algılarının yeterli olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır., The aim of this research is to evaluate perceptions of theprospective biology teachers’ about the stem cell. In this researchsurvey model was used among the quantitative research models. Thestudy group of the research consists of 130 prospective teachers whowere studying in Biology Education Department of two different stateuniversities in the Central Anatolia Region. The "Stem Cell PerceptionScale” developed by the researchers was used as data collection tool.Cronbach's alpha was calculated as .864 in the scale which wasprepared as the five point Likert scale. The scale, consisting of 19 itemsand having a two factor structure, has been identified as a valid andreliable measurement tool as a result of its exploratory andconfirmatory factor analysis. The scale data was analyzed in SPSS 21.0.In the analysis of the data, various descriptive analyses were calculatedand the characteristics of the distribution were revealed. Theperceptions were determined by calculating the arithmetic average ofthe each item in the scale in order to examine the relationship ofprospective biology teachers’ perceptions about the stem cell. Amongthe parametric analysis techniques, independent t-test and one-wayvariance test were used since the data on the sub-problems of theresearch had showed normal distribution. T-test was applied tocompare the relationship of their perceptions in the stem cell accordingto the universities. ANOVA test was used to determine the relation ofthe context at the grade level. As a result of the analysis, level ofdifference was determined as p 0.05. As a result of the research,according to the universities, no significant difference was foundregarding the stem cell perceptions of prospective biology teachers. Asignificant difference was found in p .031 value of stem cellperceptions of them according to grade levels. The arithmetic average ofeach item was calculated in an intermediate level and it was concludedthat prospective biology teachers' perceptions about the stem cell weresufficient.

PubMed: 28965424, The aim of the present work is to develop nanoemulsions (NEs), nanosized emulsions, manufactured for improving the delivery of active pharmaceutical ingredients. In particular, nanoemulsions composed of Neem seed oil, contain rich bioactive components, and Tween 20 as nonionic surfactant were prepared. A mean droplet size ranging from 10 to 100 nm was obtained by modulating the oil/surfactant ratio. Physicochemical characterisation was carried out evaluating size, ?-potential, microviscosity, polarity and turbidity of the external shell and morphology, along with stability in simulated cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), activity of Neem oil alone and in NEs, HEp-2 cell interaction and cytotoxicity studies. This study confirms the formation of NEs by Tween 20 and Neem oil at different weight ratios with small and homogenous dimensions. The antioxidant activity of Neem oil alone and in NEs was comparable, whereas its cytotoxicity was strongly reduced when loaded in NEs after interaction with HEp-2 cells. © 2017 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group., Università degli Studi di Milano, EDF thanks BIOMETRA Dept., University of Milan, for financial support (Piano sostegno ricerca – Linea B 2016).

Currently, there is a renewed interest towards the development of plant-based pharmacophores. In this work, 16 extracts prepared from the leaves, twigs, roots and fruits of a hydro-halophyte, Rhizophora mucronata Lam. (Family: Rhizophoraceae), were studied for possible antioxidant activity and the phenolic profiles established. Thereafter, enzymatic inhibitory activities (&alpha, amylase, &alpha, glucosidase, tyrosinase, acetyl- (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), lipase, and elastase) were assessed. The total phenolic, flavonoid, phenolic acid, tannin, flavanol and triterpenoid content were estimated using standard assays. An untargeted metabolomics-based approach, based on ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QTOF-MS) followed by multivariate statistics, was then used to comprehensively profile and describe the phenolics present. UHPLC-QTOF-MS allowed for putatively annotating 104 phenolic acids, 103 flavonols, 94 flavones, 71 anthocyanins, 66 tyrosols, 29 lignans, 15 alkylphenols and 10 stilbenes in the extracts. Nine strains (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Salmonella enteritidis, Sarcina lutea, Proteus mirabilis, Bacillus cereus and Candida albicans) were then used to investigate the antimicrobial properties. The methanolic twig extract exhibited significant reducing potential towards Cu (II)/Cu (I) and Fe (III)/Fe (II) (1336.88 &plusmn, 15.70 and 710.18 &plusmn, 21.04 mg TE/g, respectively) and was the most potent DPPH radical scavenger (807.07 &plusmn, 6.83 mg TE/g). Additionally, the methanolic twig extract showed significant inhibition against most targeted enzymes. Anti-microbial results showed that all extracts were active against MRSA. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that the phenolic profile of ethyl acetate extracts and leaves were the two most discriminative parameters in terms of solvents and organs, respectively. The present findings indicated that R. mucronata may be further explored for the management/prevention of oxidative stress, neurodegenerative complications and hyperpigmentation.

WOS: 000477091700044, PubMed: 31284993, Bunium species have been reported to be used both as food and in traditional medicines. The scientific community has attempted to probe into the pharmacological and chemical profiles of this genus. Nonetheless, many species have not been investigated fully to date. In this study, we determined the phenolic components, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and enzyme inhibitory activities of aerial parts of four Bunium species (B. sayai, B. pinnatifolium, B. brachyactis and B. macrocatpum). Results showed that B. microcarpum and B. pinnatifolium were strong antioxidants as evidenced in the DPPH, ABTS, CUPRAC, and FRAP assays. B. brachyactis was the most effective metal chelator, and displayed high enzyme inhibition against cholinesterase, tyrosinase, amylase, glucosidase, and lipase. The four species showed varied antimicrobial activity against each microorganism. Overall, they showed high activity against P. mirabilis and E. call (MIC and MBC < 1 mg(-1)). B. brachyactis was more effective against Aspergillus versicolor compared to the standard drug ketoconazole. B. brachyactis was also more effective than both ketoconazole and bifonazole against Trichoderma viride. B. sayai was more effective than ketoconazole in inhibiting A. fumigates. B. sayai was most non-toxic to HEK 293 (cellular viability = 117%) and HepG2 (cellular viability = 104%). The highest level of TPC was observed in B. pinnatifolium (35.94 mg GAE g(-1)) while B. microcarpum possessed the highest TFC (39.21 mg RE g(-1)). Seventy four compounds were detected in B. microcarpum, 70 in B. brachyactis, 66 in B. sayai, and 51 in B. pinnatifolium. Quinic acid, chlorogenic acid, pantothenic acid, esculin, isoquercitrin, rutin, apigenin, and scopoletin were present in all the four species. This study showed that the four Bunium species are good sources of biologically active compounds with pharmaceutical and nutraceutical potential.

WOS: 000471086000013, Several species of the Apiaceae family have been employed in traditional cultures for their curative virtues. The present study focused on five Apiaceae species, (Falcaria vulgaris (FV), Smyrniopsis aucher( (SA), Smyrniopsis mtutzurdagensis (SM), Smyrnium cordifolium (SC), and Actinolema macrolema (AM)). The antioxidant, enzyme inhibitory (alpha-amylase, alpha-glucosidase, acetyl- and butyrylcholinesterase, lipase, and tyrosinase), antimicrobial, phytochemical, and cytotoxicity profiles of the methanol extracts of the selected Apiaceae species were determined. SC extract (35.68 mg gallic acid equivalent/g extract) possessed the highest phenolic content while the AM extract (56.79 mg rutin equivalent/g extract) had the highest flavonoid content. HPLC-ESI-MS (High performance liquid chromatography-electrospray tandem mass spectrometry) analyses showed presence of ferulic acid in all the five species. SC extract exhibited high radical scavenging (59.28 and 94.31 mg Trolox equivalent [TE]/g extract, DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) and ABTS (2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline)-6-sulfonic acid), respectively) and reducing activity (161.44 and 113.62 mg TE/g extract, for CUPRAC (cupric reducing antioxidant capacity) and FRAP (ferric reducing antioxidant power), respectively). SM extract exhibited the highest cholinesterase's inhibitory action (3.82 and 4.76 mg galantamine equivalent/g extract, for acetyland butyrylcholinesterase, respectively). The extracts showed higher inhibition against alpha-glucosidase (7.32-11.99 mmol acarbose equivalent [ACAE]/g extract) compared to alpha-amylase (0.51-0.55 mmol ACAE/g extract). SC extract was the most active (137.54 mg kojic acid equivalent/g extract) tyrosinase inhibitor and FV extract (113.75 mg Orlistat equivalent/g) the best lipase inhibitor. SM extract showed potent antibacterial effect against B. cereus (MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration) 0.180 mg/mL), P. mirabilis (MIC 0.180 mg/mL), M. flavus (MIC 0.560 mg/mL), P. aeruginosa (MIC 0.275 mg/mL), and S. typhimurium (MIC 1.500 mg/mL). FV extract (MIC 0.140 mg/mL) suppressed A. fumigates growth. Cytotoxicity was assessed on murine macrophage (RAW 264.7), human embryonic kidney (HEK 293), and human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cell lines. FV (60.3%) and SM (57.4%) showed the highest reduction on RAW 264.7 cellular viability, whereas SM (74.1%) showed toxicity against HepG2. This study supports that the Apiaceae species could be considered as promising candidates for the development of novel pharmacophores for the management of several human ailments.