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Abstract We present a simple toy model of cosmic acceleration driven purely by a self-interacting scalar field embedded in theory of grand unification. The scalar self-interaction is Higgs-like and provokes a spontaneous symmetry breaking. The coefficient of the quadratic term in the self-interaction potential has an evolution and it leads to a cosmic variation of proton-to-electron mass ratio, $$\mu $$ μ . We perform a cosmological reconstruction from the kinematic parameter jerk and discuss a few cosmological consequences of the theory. We also compare the theoretically calculated $$\mu $$ μ variation with the observations of molecular absorption spectra from Cesium Atomic Clock data.

Spinocerebellar ataxias (SCAs) comprise a large heterogeneous group of autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxias. Despite availability of various conventional treatments, reducing disability and improving the quality of life is a challenge in this condition. In the present case report, based on the clinical symptoms and site of pathology, an Ayurveda-based diagnosis of kaphavruta vayana and kaphavruta udana was considered. Therapeutic measures such as rookshana (drying therapy), vatahara (measures to pacifying vata), balya (strengthening), and brimhana (nourishing) regimens were adopted along with oral medications and specific yoga practices. The objective of the treatment was to improve stability, posture, and balance. After 10 weeks of integrative treatment, a demonstrable improvement was observed in scale for assessment and rating of ataxia Scale for the Assessment and Rating of Ataxia (SARA), fall risk, and limit of stability (using computerized dynamic posturography). Hence, an integrated Ayurveda and Yoga-based lifestyle regimen may serve as a useful adjuvant in improving fall risk and limit of stability in patients with SCAs.

Este artigo apresenta resultados de uma pesquisa sobre a produção acadêmica no Brasil que tem como objeto o Enem e dialoga com teses que focalizam as implicações do Enem nos saberes e práticas de professores. Trata-se de um estado do conhecimento, por meio de levantamento, seleção, categorização e análise de teses produzidas nos programas de pós-graduação do país e publicizadas no Catálogo de Teses & Dissertações da CAPES, no período de 2001 a 2018. Foram identificadas 147 teses em diferentes áreas, as quais foram organizadas em doze categorias. A análise do corpus, formado por 11 teses, evidenciou processos de aproximações, tensões, aceitação, críticas, resistências, deslocamentos de resistências, ampliação conceitual e influências diretas nos saberes e nas práticas docentes, mais pela motivação e demanda dos estudantes e da mídia do que pelos canais oficiais.

Este texto apresenta resultados de uma investigação acerca dos compêndios de História Universal, de Victor Duruy e Pedro Parley, aprovados e adotados pelo Estado Imperial brasileiro para o ensino da História nas escolas secundárias de 1854 a 1878. Neste período, aconteceram as Reformas Educacionais de Couto Ferraz (1854) e de Leôncio de Carvalho de 1878. Analisa-se, então, no contexto dessas Reformas, o papel dos Manuais didáticos, na disseminação do Cristianismo, do ideal de Nação e de cidadania, a partir da histórica escolar. Para impor ideias e preceitos politicas e culturais o Estado Imperial aprovou o Regulamento da Instrução Primária e Secundária, cuja responsabilidade era fiscalizar e orientar o ensino público e particular nos níveis primário e secundário, estabelecendo normas para o exercício da liberdade de ensino.

This article propose a reflection on the limits and potentialities of the Alternation Pedagogy as an formative device in the process of teaching and learning in teacher education in the context of Countryside Education. We present a brief historical rescue on the Alternation Pedagogy and its integration in the curricula of the undergraduate courses in Countryside Education implemented in Brazil, through the Call for Selection n. 2/2012-Sesu/Setec/Secadi/MEC, of ​​August 31st of that year. According to the narratives of teacher trainers of two institutions contemplated by this public call in the Northern region of Brazil, we verify conceptions, limits, potentialities and future projections of Alternation Pedagogy.

RESUMO Este texto apresenta resultados de uma investigação sobre a Educação Especial (EE) na formação inicial dos professores de Educação Infantil e anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental, nos cursos de licenciatura em Pedagogia ofertados pelas Universidades Federais do estado de Minas Gerais. Trata-se de uma análise documental e bibliográfica utilizando-se como principais fontes as Diretrizes legais e os Projetos Pedagógicos dos Cursos (PPC). Em 2018, identificaram-se dez cursos ativos, na modalidade presencial, nas Universidades: UNIFAL, UFJF, UFLA, UFMG, UFOP, UFSJ, UFU, FACIP/UFU, UFV e UFVJM. Constatou-se que os PPC atendiam às Diretrizes Nacionais para os Cursos Superiores de Pedagogia, aprovadas em 2006. Todos os cursos ofertavam componentes curriculares relacionados à EE, porém com uma carga horária (CH) reduzida em relação à CH total. O estudo de "Libras" figura em todos os PPC em atendimento ao Decreto nº 5.626/2005. A análise comparativa dos documentos corrobora pesquisas anteriores, a saber: Deimling (2013), Omote e Marinho (2017), Pedroso, Campos e Duarte (2013). A EE ocupa um espaço restrito nos currículos, nos objetivos, no perfil do egresso, na CH, na organização das trajetórias formativas, o que representa uma lacuna na formação inicial. Essas evidências indicam a necessária ampliação do espaço da EE nos Cursos de Pedagogia e a formação contínua dos docentes nessa área no sentido de concretizar a educação inclusiva.

The history present in the curricula of Brazilian school education is plural. In a complex and humanly unjust country, the right to learn is profoundly unequal in compulsory basic education in the different regions of the national territory. The text presents an analysis of the dimensions of the history taught to Brazilian children (6 to 11 years old) in the first five years of elementary school, with reference to the curricular prescriptions of the "National Curricular Common Base", approved in December 2017, and the dangers of a unique history in our schools, in the liberal political and conservative political and cultural context. It is a dialogue with methodological approaches that can favor the construction of other historical narratives in the classroom, cultivate the democratic debate of different visions and the incorporation of diverse sources and languages ​​in the pedagogical work. History, as a curricular component, since the first years of schooling has an important role for the formation of citizenship and critical understanding of experience.

O trabalho teve por objetivo compreender a constituição das trajetórias formativas de professores formadores iniciantes em instituições federais de Educação superior na região Norte do Brasil. A abordagem metodológica foi vinculada ao campo da história oral de vida. Os colaboradores foram seis formadores, em fase inicial da carreira docente na universidade, atuantes em cursos de licenciatura em História, Pedagogia e Educação do Campo, de duas instituições de Educação superior. Empregou-se a entrevista narrativa, abordando a história de vida, a formação e o desenvolvimento profissional dos professores. Para a análise das narrativas, utilizou-se uma leitura Interpretativa-Compreensiva. As experiências narradas revelaram que a fase inicial na docência universitária foi compreendida pelos professores como um tempo de validação dos aprendizados apreendidos no decorrer da trajetória formativa de vida e profissional. Compreendeu-se no estudo que a constituição das trajetórias formativas dos formadores iniciantes atuantes nos cursos de licenciatura estava diretamente relacionada às histórias de vida, à formação e à profissão.

O artigo analisa a configuração do ensino e aprendizagem de História na BNCC- Base Nacional Comum Curricular de História para o ensino fundamental em fase de implantação pelo Ministério da Educação nas redes de ensino do Brasil. Na introdução contextualizamos o processo de elaboração, as tensões e disputas políticas em torno da seleção dos conteúdos. Na sequencia refletimos sobre as prescrições do como e do que ensinar e, na ultima parte, analisamos o PNLD como um instrumento de politica pública que assume o papel de controle e cerceamento da autonomia docente no contexto escolar.

O caráter multidisciplinar de uma obra literária pode ser um poderoso aliado do professor para formar leitores críticos, plurais. Muito mais do que uma atividade inserida em propostas de conteúdos curriculares, oferecer e discutir literatura em sala de aula, propondo indagações ao leitor, estimulando a curiosidade e, instigando assim, a produção de novos conhecimentos, é poder formar leitores. Trabalhar com literatura infantil por meio de diálogos em sala de aula é o tema discutido neste artigo. Este texto versa sobre experiências com duas obras da autora Ruth Rocha, a saber: Quem tem medo de quê? e As coisas que a gente fala. Com base nessas obras, ao compartilhar as impressões sobre o texto lido, por meio de diálogos, os alunos e professores foram capazes de expressar seus sentimentos, medos, aflições e vivenciar o poder das palavras.

Introduction: Alzhiemers disease and Frontotemporal dementia are common neurodegenerative dementias with a wide prevalence. Falls are a common cause of morbidity in these patients. Identifying subclinical involvement of these parameters might serve as a tool in differential analysis of these distinct parameters involved in these conditions and also help in planning preventive strategies to prevent falls. Patients and Methods: Eight patients in age and gender matched patients in each group were compared with normal controls. Standardizes methods of gait and balance aseesment were done in all persons. Results: Results revealed subclinical involvement of gait and balancesin all groups specially during divided attention. The parameters were significantly more affected in patients. Patients with AD and FTD had involement of over all ambulation index balance more affected in AD patients FTD patients showed step cycle, stride length abnormalities. Discussion: There is balance and gait involvement in normal ageing as well as patients with AD and FTD. The pattern of involvement in AD correlates with WHERE pathway involvement and FTD with frontal subcortical circuits involvement. Conclusion: Identification the differential patterns of involvement in subclinical stage might help to differentiate normal ageing and the different types of cortical dementias. This could serve as an additional biomarker and also assist in initiating appropriate training methods to prevent future falls.

O estudo analisou a implementação das Leis n. 10.639/03 e n. 11.645/08 e as respectivas Diretrizes curriculares nos cursos de Licenciatura em História de três universidades públicas do Estado de Mato Grosso, os impactos na formação inicial de professores e no ensino da história e cultura afro-brasileira e indígena em escolas da educação básica. O referencial teórico-metodológico fundamenta-se no multiculturalismo crítico e na abordagem qualitativa, combinando a análise de fontes orais e documentais.

Apresentação do Dossiê: BNCC diferentes olhares - v. 25, n. Especial (dez. 2018).

O presente artigo versa sobre os diálogos de Cecília Meireles com a história da educação brasileira, por meio de sua produção cronística veiculada em uma coluna intitulada "Páginas de Educação", do Diário de Notícias, importante jornal do Rio de Janeiro, por ocasião do governo provisório de Getúlio Vargas. Além dessa atividade da educadora e jornalista, registra-se também a sua participação como signatária do Manifesto dos Pioneiros da Nova Educação, um documento redigido por Fernando de Azevedo que tematizava sobre a renovação educacional brasileira, publicado em 19 de março de 1932, após a realização da IV Conferência Nacional de Educação em 1931.

In this work, we introduce a novel NMR apodization function designed to enhance spectral resolution while maintaining compatibility with qNMR standards. This function is based on a modified Savitzky-Golay filter, adapted for time-domain application. It effectively suppresses the negative components typically associated with derivative spectra, while also ensuring the preservation of quantitative integrity in NMR analyses., (© 2024 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

VPS13A disease and Huntington's disease (HD) are two basal ganglia disorders that may be difficult to distinguish clinically because they have similar symptoms, neuropathological features, and cellular dysfunctions with selective degeneration of the medium spiny neurons of the striatum. However, their etiology is different. VPS13A disease is caused by a mutation in the VPS13A gene leading to a lack of protein in the cells, while HD is due to an expansion of CAG repeat in the huntingtin (Htt) gene, leading to aberrant accumulation of mutant Htt. Considering the similarities of both diseases regarding the selective degeneration of striatal medium spiny neurons, the involvement of VPS13A in the molecular mechanisms of HD pathophysiology cannot be discarded. We analyzed the VPS13A distribution in the striatum, cortex, hippocampus, and cerebellum of a transgenic mouse model of HD. We also quantified the VPS13A levels in the human cortex and putamen nucleus; and compared data on mutant Htt-induced changes in VPS13A expression from differential expression datasets. We found that VPS13A brain distribution or expression was unaltered in most situations with a decrease in the putamen of HD patients and small mRNA changes in the striatum and cerebellum of HD mice. We concluded that the selective susceptibility of the striatum in VPS13A disease and HD may be a consequence of disturbances in different cellular processes with convergent molecular mechanisms already to be elucidated., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2024 García-García, Carreras-Caballé, Coll-Manzano, Ramón-Lainez, Besa-Selva, Pérez-Navarro, Malagelada, Alberch, Masana and Rodríguez.)

Tofts models have failed to produce reliable quantitative markers for prostate cancer. We examined the differences between prostate zones and lesion PI-RADS categories and grade group (GG) using regions of interest drawn in tumor and normal-appearing tissue for a two-compartment uptake (2CU) model (including plasma volume (v p ), plasma flow (F p ), permeability surface area product (PS), plasma mean transit time (MTT p ), capillary transit time (T c ), extraction fraction (E), and transfer constant (K trans )) and exponential (amplitude (A), arrival time (t 0 ), and enhancement rate (α)), sigmoidal (amplitude (A 0 ), center time relative to arrival time (A 1 - T 0 ), and slope (A 2 )), and empirical mathematical models, and time to peak (TTP) parameters fitted to high temporal resolution (1.695 s) DCE-MRI data. In 25 patients with 35 PI-RADS category 3 or higher tumors, we found F p and α differed between peripheral and transition zones. Parameters F p , MTT p , T c , E, α, A 1 - T 0 , and A 2 and TTP all showed associations with PI-RADS categories and with GG in the PZ when normal-appearing regions were included in the non-cancer GG. PS and K trans were not associated with any PI-RADS category or GG. This pilot study suggests early enhancement parameters derived from ultrafast DCE-MRI may become markers of prostate cancer.

Background: Social cognition has been associated with functional outcome in patients with first episode psychosis (FEP). Social cognition has also been associated with neurocognition and cognitive reserve. Although cognitive reserve, neurocognitive functioning, social cognition, and functional outcome are related, the direction of their associations is not clear. Therefore, the main aim of this study was to analyze the influence of social cognition as a mediator between cognitive reserve and cognitive domains on functioning in FEP both at baseline and at 2 years., Methods: The sample of the study was composed of 282 FEP patients followed up for 2 years. To analyze whether social cognition mediates the influence of cognitive reserve and cognitive domains on functioning, a path analysis was performed. The statistical significance of any mediation effects was evaluated by bootstrap analysis., Results: At baseline, as neither cognitive reserve nor the cognitive domains studied were related to functioning, the conditions for mediation were not satisfied. Nevertheless, at 2 years of follow-up, social cognition acted as a mediator between cognitive reserve and functioning. Likewise, social cognition was a mediator between verbal memory and functional outcome. The results of the bootstrap analysis confirmed these significant mediations (95% bootstrapped CI (-10.215 to -0.337) and (-4.731 to -0.605) respectively)., Conclusions: Cognitive reserve and neurocognition are related to functioning, and social cognition mediates in this relationship.

A novel strictly anaerobic, hyperthermophilic archaeon, designated strain CDGS T , was isolated from a deep-sea hydrothermal vent in the Cayman Trough at 4964m water depth. The novel isolate is obligate anaerobe and grows chemoorganoheterotrophically with stimulation of growth by sulphur containing compounds. Its growth is optimal at 75°C, pH 6.0 and under a pressure of 50MPa. It possesses the broadest hydrostatic pressure range for growth that has ever been described for a microorganism. Its genomic DNA G+C content is 51.11mol%. The novel isolate belongs to the genus Thermococcus. Phylogenetic analyses indicated that it is most closely related to Thermococcus barossii DSM17882 T based on its 16S rRNA gene sequence, and to 'Thermococcus onnurineus' NA1 based on its whole genome sequence. The average nucleotide identity scores with these strains are 77.66% for T. barossii and 84.84% for 'T. onnurineus', respectively. Based on the draft whole genome sequence and phenotypic characteristics, strain CDGS T is suggested to be separated into a novel species within the genus Thermococcus, with proposed name Thermococcus piezophilus (type strain CDGS T =ATCC TSD-33 T =UBOCC 3296 T )., (Copyright © 2016 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.)

A bilayered nanofibrous scaffold with rapid wound healing properties is found to be suitable for tissue regeneration applications. The objective of this study is to reveal the fabrication of a poly(3-hydroxybutyric acid) (P)-gelatin (G) nanofibrous mat through electrospinning, with a horn keratin-chitosan-based biosheet (KC) as a bilayered nanofibrous scaffold. The mupirocin (D)-loaded horn KC biosheet (KCD) acts as the primary layer over which PG nanofibers were electrospun to act as the secondary layer. It is shown that this engineered bilayered nanofibrous scaffold material (KC-PG) should fulfill the functions of the extracellular matrix (ECM) by elucidating its function in vitro and in vivo. The bilayered nanofibrous scaffold was designed to exhibit improved physiochemical, biological and mechanical properties, with better swelling and porosity for enhanced oxygen permeability, and it also exhibits an acceptable antibacterial property to prevent infection at the wound site. The bilayered nanofibrous scaffold assists in better biocompatibility towards fibroblast and keratinocyte cell lines. The morphology of the nanofibrous scaffold aids increased cell adhesion and proliferation with cell material interactions. This was elucidated with the help of in vitro fluorescence staining against both cell lines. The bilayered KCD-PG nanofibrous scaffold material gives accelerated wound healing efficiency during in vivo wound healing. The results showed the regulation of growth factors with enhanced collagen synthesis, thereby helping in faster wound healing.