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Chinese officials have reported the novel coronavirus to the world health organization, which is called the SARS-CoV-2. Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) induces antiviral immune responses via the production of type I interferons and inflammatory cytokines. In this study, we aimed to examine TLR3 c.1377C/T and -7C/A polymorphisms in COVID-19 and the association between some clinical parameters. We investigated the frequencies of TLR3 (c.1377C/T and -7C/A) polymorphisms in 150 patients with COVID-19 and 171 healthy individuals as controls. We performed polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based on restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). We also investigated whether TLR3 c.1377C/T and-7C/A were associated with the severity of COVID-19. In addition, CHAID tree-based classification algorithm was created to investigate the severity of the patients in our study. TLR3 c.1377C/T TT genotype frequencies were statistically significant between cases and controls (p= 0.02). For TLR3 -7C/A polymorphism, the findings showed a statistically significant difference in A allele frequencies (p= 0.03). There was a statistically significant difference in the distribution of TLR3 -7C/A CA genotype frequency (p= 0.04). Our findings suggest that TLR3 c.1377C/T and -7C/A polymorphisms may be important on susceptibility or clinical course of COVID-19.

Senkron relüktans motor (SynRM), asenkron motor ile aynı gövde yapısına sahip olmasına rağmen rotor yapıları farklıdır. Rotorunda sargı, bakır veya alüminyum çubuklar bulundurmadığından rotor kayıpları azalmakta ve verimleri artmaktadır. Ancak SynRM’nin tork dalgalanması önemli bir problemdir ve motor performansını düşürmeden tork dalgalanmasının azaltılması elzemdir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda çalışmada, 4 KW gücündeki senkron relüktans motor dikkate alınmıştır. Motora ait tüm elektriksel ve mekaniksel veriler Ansys Maxwell programında tanımlanarak motorun analizi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çok amaçlı genetik algoritma (MOGA) yöntemi kullanılarak motor performansı artışı için tanımlanan amaç fonksiyonları doğrultusunda optimizasyon çalışmaları gerçekleştirilmiştir. Rotor boyutlandırma parametreleri giriş değişkenleri, çıkış büyüklükleri ise çıkış gücü, verim, tork, tork dalgalanması, çıkıntı oranı olarak tanımlanmıştır. Bariyer sayısı sırasıyla 3, 4 ve 5 için beş amaç fonksiyonu MOGA ile sınanmıştır. Ele alınan amaç fonksiyonlarından elde edilen sonuçlar referans motor verileri ile karşılaştırılmıştır. Amaç fonksiyonu 1’in dışında diğer amaç fonksiyonları referans motorun verim, çıkış gücü, tork dalgalanması bakımından karşılayamamaktadır. 4 bariyerli amaç fonksiyonu 1’den elde edilen verimde değişim gözlenmezken çıkış gücünde % 0,31 artış, tork dalgalanmasında %31,71 azalma görülmüştür.

In most places with energy transmission, data of the line can be obtained with sensors. However, in recent years, the energy requirement of sensors has been met through harvesters. The electrical power required for sensor systems can be provided through electromagnetic fields around the line, especially through the electrical power transmission line or energy-carrying cable systems. In this study, numerical analysis of the harvester with toroidal coil, which was intended to be used for sensor feeds, was performed using Ansys Maxwell. In addition, experimental studies of the harvesters with toroidal core were carried out. The results were compared with some studies in the literature. Considering line current and saturation effects, it was seen that the studied toroid models were appropriate for home sensor applications.

Mutation of protein-coding genes and non-coding genes is a factor in psoriasis etiology. Non-coding RNA (ncRNA), which does not have protein-coding capacity, is available in the human genome. HOTAIR (HOX Antisense Intergenic RNA) and 7SL-RNA are known as ncRNA. They may play a role in psoriasis pathogenesis.In our study, we aimed to investigate the level of HOTAIR and 7SL-RNA gene expression in the lesional and perilesional healthy skin of psoriasis patients.Total RNA isolation from the skin samples was achieved by modifying the RNeasy Mini Kit (Qiagen, Cat No: 74104) protocol. Real Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR) phase was performed in accordance with the protocol of the relevant brand (WizPure qPCR).7SL-RNA gene expression decreased in the skin with psoriatic lesions (FC: 0.01; p: 0.028), and this decrease was statistically significant. HOTAIR gene expression decreased (FC: 0.92; p: 0.218), but this decrease was not statistically significant.lncRNAs may play a role in the pathogenesis of psoriasis disease.

Crimean Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is an acute viral infection that can cause death. The detection of host transcriptome is important for understanding differences in the pathogenesis of the disease. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) regulate gene expression in different biological processes. They have also emerged as key molecules for therapeutic targets. We investigated the lncRNA gene expression profiles by utilizing the microarray for the first time in CCHF. LncRNAs were determined by the comparisons between case‐control, fatal case‐control, and fatal case‐nonfatal cases. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction was applied to validate the microarray results of some lncRNAs. In our study, 39 lncRNAs (5 downregulated and 34 upregulated) were found to be significantly regulated in the cases when compared to the controls (p < 0.05; FC ≥ 2). One hundred ten lncRNAs exhibited a statistically significant difference between fatal cases and controls. FER1L4, ECRP, and LOC100133669 are important lncRNAs in both case and fatal case groups compared with controls. These lncRNAs may be considered important therapeutic targets for the CCHF in further studies.

Bu çalışmada ele alınan akı anahtarlamalı makine yapısal açıdan incelenmiştir. Araç süspansiyon sistemine yönelik tüp tipi akı anahtarlamalı doğrusal makinanın nümerik analizi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Ansys Maxwell’de yeralan genetik algoritma optimizasyon aracı kullanılmıştır. Vuruntu kuvvetini azaltmaya yönelik iki amaç foksiyonu tanımlanmıştır. Ayrıca lazer yer değiştirme sensörü ile hareketli mesafe değişimi incelenmiştir.

Aim: Identification of microRNAs (miRNAs) associated with atherosclerosis may unravel novel therapeutic targets and biomarkers. We studied miRNAs differentially expressed between coronary atherosclerotic plaques (CAP) and healthy arteries. Materials & methods: Paired CAP and internal mammary arteries (IMA) were collected from 14 coronary artery disease patients. The miRNA profiles between diseased (CAP) and healthy (IMA) tissues were compared using microarrays and quantitative PCR. Results: Thirty-one miRNAs were differentially expressed between CAP and IMA. Among these, miR-486-5p showed a high level of regulation (12-fold), had predicted interactions with atherosclerosis-associated genes and correlated with triglyceride levels and arterial stenosis. Regulation of miR-486-5p was validated by PCR (p = 0.004). Conclusion: The miRNAs are regulated in the atherosclerotic plaque. We highlight miR-486-5p whose role in atherosclerosis requires further investigation.

Electric field grading devices have great importance for both the electric power transmission and distribution systems. This paper presents an improved electric field grading device used in the medium voltage metal-enclosed switchgear. The solutions have been carried out by using Ansys Maxwell 3D software. The structure of two electrodes designed as cylindrical and elliptical have been compared to determine the electric field grading device to be used in practice. The transient and steady-state analyses have been performed in both designs. The field grading device manufactured for the metal-enclosed switchgear has been tested according to IEC standards in a high voltage laboratory environment. This study revealed that the newly designed field-grading device can be used in the metal-enclosed switchgear more safely. It also encourages researchers to optimize the electric field distribution using different geometric structures and to create running conditions in smaller indoor environments. Turkish Electromechanical Industry Company (TEMSAN) The authors would like to thank the Turkish Electromechanical Industry Company (TEMSAN) for their financial support in design and HIZAL laboratory testing processes. WOS:000612200300002 2-s2.0-85100737144

Crimean Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is one of the most important viral infections and is caused by Crimean Congo hemorrhagic fever orthonairovirus (CCHFV). Severity of CCHF can vary from a mild and nonspecific illness, to a severe disease with fatal outcomes. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have increasing impact on the different pathways of viral infections. Within the transition process from acute phase to convalescence with 18 CCHF patients, we investigated the impacts on miRNA via microarray for the first time. We also compared miRNA gene expression within 16 severe and 15 mild cases. We identified Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and Gene Ontology (GO) pathways associated with significant miRNAs utilizing DIANA TOOLS mirPath v.3. In this study miR-15b-5p and miR-29a-3p were significantly downregulated in statistical terms; miR-4741, miR-937-5p, miR-6068, miR-7110-5p miR-6126 and miR-7107-5p were upregulated in acute cases in comparison with convalescent patients (p≤0.05). 28 miRNAs (8 downregulated, 20 upregulated) were differentially expressed in severe CCHF patients compared with mild cases (p≤0.05). While miR-6732-3p, miR-4436b-5p, miR-483-3p, miR-6807-5p had the highest downregulation; miR-532-5p, miR-142-5p, miR-29c-3p and let-7f-5p had the highest upregulation in severe patients in comparison with mild cases. Consequently, we determined that CCHF induced miRNAs are associated with antiviral and proinflammatory pathways in acute and severe cases. In comparison with convalescence, these miRNAs in acute period may be therapeutic targets. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

In this study, harvesters, sensors and data acquisition cards were designed and tested to obtain data from transmission lines. In this context; numerical analyses of harvesters with two different core geometries were performed with Ansys Maxwell software. Then the voltage and power harvested by the harvesters at different line currents were measured with pre-tests in the laboratory. Analyses’ results and pre-test’s results were examined and it was determined that the geometric structure (double C) model suitable for use in overhead transmission lines with high current could be used. The field test was carried out on a distribution transformer. In the field test, the harvester mounted on the transformer supply line has charged the battery supplying the sensor circuit with sufficient power to ensure normal operation of the system. A circuit is designed to measure air temperature, humidity, pressure, altitude, air quality and transformer temperature and to transmit them to the remote distance with RF transmitter. Data received on the data collection card can be recorded at certain periods and time-based graphs of the data can be obtained by a computer interface program. The energy of this circuit is to meet the energy harvested from the electromagnetic field.

Increased reliability and early detection of potential problems in all processes of electrical energy have a vital role in monitoring the situation. Sensors which sense the line data, such as power, voltage, current, line sags, temperature, and degree of icing etc. are traditionally powered by batteries. However, in recent years, by using energy harvesting methods, data of the energy transmission line can be obtained by the development of self-supplying wireless monitoring technologies. The energy needs of the wireless sensor system can be met with electromagnetic harvesters. Therefore, in this study, two harvester structures were investigated to harvest energy from the magnetic field directly on the line. Using the Ansys-Maxwell software, the magnetic field distribution on the transmission line of single C core and mutual C core harvesters was investigated. In addition, the change in voltage induced by two harvesters was investigated experimentally according to the change in line current. Preliminary tests of the designed card connected to the harvester were performed in order to obtain the data of the line. Sensor data has been successfully received.

Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a tick-borne disease caused by the Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are generally classified as transcripts longer than 200 nucleotides (nt). The various lncRNAs expressed in infected cells are responsible for regulating the expression of viral and host genes. This is the first study to investigate hepatocellular carcinoma upregulated long non-coding RNA (HULC) and 7SL RNA expression levels in patients with CCHF. Blood samples were taken from 100 individuals (60 patients and 40 controls), and total RNA isolation was performed. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was performed using the SYBR Green method to determine HULC and 7SL RNA expression levels in the study population. Compared the patient and control groups, HULC was upregulated statistically significantly (P = 0.04) and 7SL RNA was downregulated (P = 0.93) in patients. Also, there was a statistically significant difference between fatal cases and surviving patients for HULC and 7SL RNA (P

WOS: 000450866100008, PubMed ID: 29737876, Background: Atherosclerosis is a disease of the arterial wall with predilection to some sites on others. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of the non-coding RNAs regulating the target gene expression at post-transcriptional level. Different miRNAs were found at distinct stages of plaque development and expression of miRNAs' might play an important role in the local behaviour of atherosclerotic plaques. Objective: We aimed to investigate and compare mirR-221/222 expression levels in tissues and in circulation in patients with and without overt atherosclerosis. Methods: RNA was isolated from 40 tissues as 20 tissue samples from coronary artery atherosclerotic plaques (CAAP) and internal mammary arteries (IMA), obtained from same individual) and 80 blood (44 patients with atherosclerosis and 36 healthy subjects) samples. MiR-221/222 expression levels were measured using real time PCR. Results: Expression levels of miR-221 was significantly increased in CAAP compared with completely atherosclerosis-free IMA tissues with a 8.94 times fold-change (p = 0.015). The miR-221 expression in tissue samples was significantly different in patients with hypercholesterolemia (p = 0.010), hypertension (p = 0.018) and family history of CAD (p = 0.033) versus not. Expression of miR-222 was not statistically significant between the two tissue samples overall. Conclusions: MiR-221 may be a potential biomarker for local atherosclerotic behavior, Research Council of Cumhuriyet University Sivas [T-641]; TUBITAK, Turkey [214S031], This study was supported by the Research Council of Cumhuriyet University (Project No: T-641) Sivas and TUBITAK (Project No: 214S031), Turkey.

Degenerative osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common joint disease. However, its etiology has not been clearly understood. We aimed to investigate the association between the IL-6-174G/C gene variant responsible for regulating IL-6 functions and primary knee osteoarthritis (PKOA). Patients older than 40 years who presented between February 2012 and April 2013 and were diagnosed with PKOA and had grade 3 (i.e., moderate) or 4 (i.e., severe) disease constituted the case group. Healthy volunteers formed the control group. Genomic DNA was extracted from blood leukocytes in both case and control groups, and the IL6-174 G/C genotypes were determined. Two groups were compared regarding demographic, clinical, radiological findings, and IL-6-174 genotyping results. Both case and control groups included 90 patients each. No statistically significant difference was found between the two groups regarding gender distribution, patient age, and body weight. The frequency of the mutant base pairs GC and CC in the IL-6-174 promoter region were significantly higher in controls than in cases. Women with genotypes including C alleles were genetically protected against the clinical disease. Similar findings were not detected in the male patient group. The IL6-174 G/C gene polymorphism does not increase the risk of PKOA. However, the mutant C allele can be protective against PKOA in female patients. Studies conducted on larger patient populations from different ethnic backgrounds are needed to confirm our findings since our sample size is relatively small.

Free piston generators are of interest due to their efficiency, compact construction, and multiple options for combustion. Much of the research into this type of generator has been facilitated by highly-developed internal combustion engine technology. This study was concerned with the design and application of tubular generator. The design model was developed using the matrix laboratory graphical user interface programming tool, and the designed interface was of dynamic type. The sizing of the generator was determined in accordance with the main parameters specified via the interface. In addition, as a benefit of using sizing data, the automatic geometry was formed and analyzed using ANSYS Maxwell software. The magnets and the dynamic part of the tubular-structured generator were shaped polygonally. Numerical analyses were made by adopting the finite element method in the software and construction of the prototype model was based on the results from these findings. The generator was excited by use of the crank rod mechanism to imitate the conditions of a functioning free piston mechanism. Current and voltage values were obtained at mechanical frequencies of 10 Hz and 20 Hz, and this data was subsequently analyzed. Global code translation was given in attachment in order to allow communication between the ANSYS Maxwell and MATLAB GUI software. (C) 2022 Sharif University of Technology. All rights reserved.

Today, many applications requiring mass manufacturing are shifting to robotic applications through automation systems. The actuators used in these robotic systems should be designed according to needs. In this study, an air core spherical motor which has rotor and stator winding arrangement is described. The spherical motor’s windings are optimally positioned on the stator made of delrin. Mutual inductance and self-inductance change were examined according to r=4, 20, 40 and 60 mm radius and the change in the number of stator winding for the spherical motor. Changes in inductance were found through curve fitting method with the coefficients of cubic equations. Equivalent circuit with winding inductance model is also given. Torque change according to magnet change was also investigated. Magnetic flux density change of N52 M magnet 3 winding 2-pole model was examined and the effect of the increase in overall size on torque was evaluated.

This study explores the use of electrostatic cleaning to remove dust from the surface of photovoltaic solar panels. First of all, existing systems used for dust removal from solar panels were evaluated. Then, the effects of dust on the panel were investigated for Şanlıurfa province in Turkey. In addition, the elemental content of the powder was analyzed. A new device for electrostatic cleaning has been designed and implemented. The cleaning performance of this device has been tested considering the electrode designs. The electric field value was determined by analytical and numerical methods in the conventional model (parallel electrode) model. Electric field distribution was investigated using Ansys Maxwell simulation software. The printed circuit boards of the proposed model and the conventional model were produced. The traditional model with positive and negative waveform is widely used in electrostatic cleaner studies. Dust removal efficiencies and electrical losses for different frequency and voltage values were compared for both cards. It has been shown that the proposed model can perform cleaning with high efficiency despite similar loss variation.

WOS: 000389047200012, PubMed ID: 28105338, Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-3 and MMP-9 polymorphisms are characterized by plaque stability in coronary arteries. The aim of the current study was to investigate the 5A/6A polymorphism in the MMP-3 gene and C/T polymorphism in the MMP-9 gene in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). The study population consisted of 400 patients who underwent coronary angiography. There were two groups consisting of 200 consecutive patients with CAD, presenting with stable angina pectoris, and 200 consecutive patients exhibiting normal coronary arteries. Two single nucleotide polymorphisms in the MMP gene, MMP-3 and MMP-9, were detected using a polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism assay. Mean age, gender distribution, smoking status, presence of diabetes mellitus and hypercholesterolemia were identified to be similar between the groups. One hundred and twenty seven (63.5%) patients had hypertension in the CAD group, whereas only 55 (27.5%) patients had hypertension in the control group (P< 0.001). No significant difference in frequency of alleles and genotypes of MMP-9 C -> T between the CAD and control groups was identified. The 5A allele frequency of MMP-3 in the CAD group was significantly higher when compared with the control group (P< 0.001; odds ratio=2.18). The genotype frequency of MMP-3 5A/5A in the CAD group was significantly higher when compared with the controls (P=0.005). When compared with the homozygous wild-type (6A/6A) genotype of the MMP-3 gene, the cumulative frequency of heterozygote and homozygote genotypes of the MMP-3 gene was significantly higher in the CAD compared with the control group (P, Research Council of Cumhuriyet University (Sivas, Turkey) [F-340], The present study was supported by the Research Council of Cumhuriyet University (Sivas, Turkey; CUBAP project no. F-340).

Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is an infectious disease that is caused by CCHF virus. A family of transmembrane receptors called as Toll-like receptors (TLRs) selectively acts in recognizing a wide range of microbial components and endogenous molecules released by damaged tissue and have been preserved throughout evolution. TLRs initiate some signaling cascades which activate the innate immune system. Mainly four TLRs act in protection against viral infections; TLR3 is one of them. TLR3 identifies dsRNA. By producing inflammatory cytokines and type I interferons, it generates an antiviral immune response. Proper response to TLR ligands may be impaired by single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within TLR genes in some indviduals, and this can cause varied susceptibility to infections. In the present work, polymerase chain reaction-based restriction fragment length polymorphism is used to analyze the frequencies of TLR3 (c.1377C/T and -7C/A) polymorphisms in 149 CCHF patients and 171 healthy adults as controls, in Cumhuriyet University, Sivas/Turkey. We also investigated the relation between these polymorphisms and severity or mortality of CCHF disease. This is the first study investigating the TLR3 SNPs in patients with CCHF. In the present study, the frequency of the TLR3 (c.1377C/T and -7A/C) genotypes in fatal and non-fatal cases were comparable, however, the homozygous mutant (TT) genotype frequency of TLR3 c.1377C/T in CCHF patients was significantly higher than that of the healthy controls. In conclusion, presence of TLR3 c.1377 TT genotype may have a role in the susceptibility to CCHF. J. Med. Virol. 88:1690-1696, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a tick-borne disease caused by the arbovirus Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV). The CCHFV has a single-stranded RNA genome of negative sense. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are key players in virus-host interactions and viral pathogenesis. We investigated the miRNA gene expression profiles in patients with CCHF using microarray for the first time in the world. Microarray analysis was performed using mirBase Ver 21 (Agilent Technologies, Santa Clara, CA). All statistical analyses were performed across the case-control, fatal-control, and fatal-nonfatal case groups using Genespring (Ver 3.0). Fifteen miRNAs were statistical significant in patients with CCHF compared with the controls (5 were upregulated, 10 were downregulated). Seventy-five and sixty-six miRNAs are in fatal compared with control and nonfatal case, respectively (fold change ([FC] ≥50) were statistically significant. In this study, the target genes of important miRNAs were identified and Gene Ontology analyses were performed across all groups. As a result of this study, we propose that the detection of miRNAs in patients with CCHF will allow the determination of therapeutic targets in diseases. CCHF is an important public health problem that can often be fatal. In this study, we investigated miRNA expression in case-control, fatal-control, and fatal-nonfatal case groups. Significant miRNAs associated with fatality were detected in CCHF. This study will serve as a source of data for the development of an antagomir-based therapy against CCHF using miRNAs in the future.

Linear generators are electric machines which generate electrical energy from linear movement. Since these machines can lift gear wheel or power train, they have begun to be used widely nowadays. Since their working areas differ according to speed and power characteristic, this study contains design and optimization of tubular linear generator for free piston practices. The design performed response surface optimization through design variables acquired as a result of sizing via interface. The association between the determined design variables and the sizes of generator output was examined. In addition, these sizes were used for objective functions of increasing efficiency, decreasing overall volume and increasing general performance and their optimum values were found by using Multi-Objective Genetic Algorithm. Initial and optimum design data were compared with Ansys Maxwell 2D. With overall performance increase, 22,78% decrease was seen in total mass, while 11,7% decrease was seen in cost. In addition, prototype linear generator was made in line with initial geometry data and it was applied with crank slider mechanism.

WOS: 000451434000005, PubMed ID: 30168273, Aim: Functional polymorphisms located in FOXP3 intron 1 was recently found to be associated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Although RA is an autoimmune disease, there is supporting evidence that activated maladaptive responses including pro-inflammatory pathways play roles in osteoarthritis (OA), similar to RA. The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between rs2232365 (-924A/G) and rs3761548 (-3279A/C) polymorphisms as well as possible changes in the 600 bp promoter region of FOXP3 and knee OA. Methods: Patients with primary knee OA (n = 300) and healthy individuals (n = 300) were examined for rs3761548 and rs2232365 FOXP3 gene polymorphisms by the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment-length polymorphism method. The 600 bp promoter region (between -500 and +100) of the gene was also sequenced with direct sequencing in 50 knee OA patients and 50 healthy individuals. Results: There were no sequence variants in the promoter region tested both in OA patients and healthy controls. The SNP rs2232365 showed no association with OA susceptibility and severity and the results of other genetic models were also nonsignificant. On the other hand, rs3761548 AC (P = 0.003), AA + CC (P = 0.0014) as well as AC + AA (P = 0.40) genotypes showed association with Grade 4 knee OA patients. Conclusion: Our findings indicated that the association between FOXP3 rs2232365 polymorphism and knee OA tended to yield negative results but the FOXP3 rs3761548 C allele was associated with elevated risk of OA in Grade 4 knee OA patients in a Turkish population., Cumhuriyet University of Scientific Research Projects Commission (CUBAP) of Turkey [T-702], This study was funded by a grant from Cumhuriyet University of Scientific Research Projects Commission (CUBAP) of Turkey (project number: T-702).

Bu calismada, dogru akim punta kaynak sistemleri icin E-Nose elektrod geometrisine yerlestirilen miknatisli modelin surekli hal analizleri sonlu elemanlar yontemi kullanilarak gerceklestirilmistir. Hali hazirda uretimi gerceklestirilen bes farkli miknatis konfigurasyonu icin puntalanacak malzemedeki akim yogunlugu degerlerinin yani sira miknatislarin itme kuvvetleri bakimindan da degerlendirmeler yapilmistir. Genel olarak blok, halka ve yarim halka miknatis konfigurasyonlari secilmistir. Ayni kutup birbirine bakacak sekilde (N-N veya S-S) elektrotlara yerlestirilen miknatislarin meydana getirdigi itme kuvveti puntalama kuvvetini azaltmaktadir. Bu bakimdan puntalama kuvvetinde azalma meydana getirmeksizin kaynak kalitesini arttirmaya yonelik analizler gerceklestirilmistir. Oncelikle sabit kaynak akiminda miknatis geometrisinin degisimine bagli olarak kuvvet degerleri hesaplatilmistir. Sonra bu bes miknatis sabit kaynak akimi altinda dusuk kuvvet, yuksek akim yogunlugu saglanmasi bakimindan optimizasyon gerceklestirilmistir. Optimizasyon sonucunda cikan en uygun geometriler farkli kaynak akimlarinda akim yogunlugu bakimindan miknatissiz durum ile karsilastirilmistir. Boylece bu calisma ile en iyi miknatis geometrisi belirlenmeye calisilmistir. Ayrica literaturde harici manyetik alanlarin kaynak kalitesinin olumlu etkisi goz onune alindiginda dogru akim punta kaynak elektroduna yerlestirilen miknatis ile kaynak kalitesinin arttirilabilecegi numerik calisma ile gosterilmistir.

Axial flux machines are used frequently in wind energy applications due to their high power densities and efficiencies. However, the parametrical dependencies of those generators affect the generated power and efficiencies. For instance, turbine blade structures dimensions, change dramatically the speed and torque characteristics. Hence, this study includes a pursuit of optimization and the related design parameters for an axial generator in terms of its off grid operations. The analytical design relations and simulated data have shown that the geometric dimensions and morphology of the machine can be analyzed effectively under the finite element method and the optimization of the machine can be provided with a good accuracy by applying the response surface optimization. Cogging torque and power density formulated aim function gives a good optimization for the design. According to this approach, the general performance of the machine is maximized and the cogging torque and weight are kept to be decreased. Design variables are optimized by considering the generator size. Consequently, an optimal 4.8% increase in weight can yield to a 27.4% power enhancement in the machine.

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the leading cause of fatalities worldwide. Nuclear factor (NF)-κB is a transcription factor that controls cell proliferation, differentiation and immunity. To the best of our knowledge, the present study is the first investigation of the association between CAD and NF-κB1 −94 W/D/NF-κBIA 3′-untranslated region (3′-UTR) A→G polymorphisms. The study population comprised 226 CAD patients and 201 controls. There was no significant difference in NF-κB1A 3′-UTR A→G in the allele and genotype frequencies between case and control populations. The D allele frequency of NF-κB1 −94 in the case group was significantly higher compared to the control group (P=0.028, odds ratio=1.37). The genotype frequency of NF-κB1 −94 DD in the case group was significantly higher compared to the controls (P=0.028). Linkage analysis showed a close linkage among these 2 genes (P

Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a viral zoonosis. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) initiate signaling cascades leading to the activation of the innate immune system following CCHF infection. In this study, TLR7 (Gln11Leu, c.4-151A/G, and +1817G/T) polymorphisms were investigated in CCHF patients using polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). The study population comprised 149 CCHF patients and 171 controls. For the TLR7 Gln11Leu polymorphism, there was no significant difference between the case and control groups in allele (P = 0.144) and genotype frequencies (P = 0.219). In the TLR7 IVS1 +1817G/T polymorphism, a statistically significant difference was found in allele frequencies (P = 0.026), but there was no significant difference in the TLR7 c.4-151A/G polymorphism (P = 0.310). There was a statistically significant difference in the distribution of the TLR7 c.4-151GG genotypes frequencies between patients and controls (P = 0.042; OR = 2.23). Furthermore, there were statistically significant associations between the TLR7 c.4-151A/G polymorphism and both severe disease and patient mortality (P

WOS: 000429627800012, PubMed ID: 29424733, Objective: Cardiovascular diseases are the most important cause of mortality worldwide, particularly atherosclerosis. Recently, lncRNAs affecting atherosclerotic progression have been reported in vascular smooth muscle cells, endothelial cells, and monocytes, suggesting that lncRNAs play an important role in atherosclerosis. Methods: In recent clinical studies, nowadays, it was determined that internal mammary bypass grafts are closest to ideal grafts in coronary artery bypass surgery. In this study, we used tissue samples taken from atherosclerotic coronary arteries and the internal mammary artery (IMA) during coronary artery bypass surgery. Using RT-PCR, we investigated the role of two lncRNAs, FENDRR and LincRNA-p21, by comparing their expression levels in coronary artery plaques and normal mammary arteries of 20 atherosclerotic patients. Results: We found that the FENDRR and LincRNA-p21 expressions decreased by approximately 2 and 7 fold in coronary artery plaques, respectively, compared with those in IMA, which is known to have no plaque development. Conclusion: This study was the first to use mammary artery tissues of the same patients as a control and to study FENDRR expression. Our data may provide helpful insights regarding the association of lncRNAs and atherosclerosis.

WOS: 000415375600005, PubMed ID: 28843003, Crimean Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a tick-borne disease caused by the Crimean Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV). Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are type 1 transmembrane proteins of immune cells that play a critical role in innate and adaptive immunity. The present study first time aims to investigate the relation between TLR10 gene polymorphisms (720A/C, 992T/A, and 2322A/G), severity/non-severity, fatality/non-fatality, and CCFH disease by using PCR-RFLP assay in a Turkish population. TLR10 720A/C polymorphism was determined to be statistically significant both genotype and allele frequency (P=0,011, P=0.015, respectively). TLR10 992T/A polymorphism was found statistically significant relationships between patient and control (P=0.026) and individual with AA genotype have approximately three times greater risk than TT genotype (OR=2.93). There was not a significant difference in 2322A/G genotype distribution (P=0.152). There were also statistically significant associations between both TLR10 992T/A and 2322A/G polymorphism and patient mortality (P=0.001 and P=0.008, respectively). We have not found statistically any linkage among TLR10 haplotype, but individual AAA and GAT haplotype have higher risk than individual AAT haplotype (OR=3.22, OR=1.93, respectively). Consequently, this study shows that pathogenesis of CCHF disease is associated with the TLR10 720A/C and 992T/A polymorphisms. There is a statistically significant association in fatal/non-fatal patients with TLR10 720A/C and 992T/A. The TLR10 992AA genotype might increase and TLR10 720CC genotype might decrease susceptibility to pathogenesis of CCHF disease. TLR 10 polymorphisms may be also an important biomarker for CCHF susceptibility and fatality rate., Research Council of Cumhuriyet University [F-171], Research Council of Cumhuriyet University, Grant number: F-171

TEM Journal; Vol 6, No 2, 2017. ISSN 2217-8309, In this study a design and optimization of a generator to be used in free piston applications was made. In order to supply required initial force, an IPM (interior permanent magnets) cavity tube type linear generator was selected. By using analytical equations’ basic dimensioning of generator was made. By using Ansys-Maxwell dimensioning, analysis and optimization of the generator was realized. Also, the effects of design basic variables (pole step ratio, cavity step ratio, inner diameter - outer diameter ratio, primary final length, air interval) on pinking force were examined by using parametric analyses. Among these variables, cavity step ratio, inner diameter - outer diameter ratio, primary final length were optimally determined by algorithm and sequential nonlinear programming. The two methods were compared in terms of pinking force calculation problem. Preliminary application of the linear generator was performed for free piston application.

WOS: 000450272100014, Objective: Coronary artery disease, the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, is an inflammatory disease. The X-ray repair cross complementing 1 (XRCC1) gene plays the role of scaffolding protein for the base excision repair (BER) and single strand break (SSB) repair. Methods: The study population consisted of 402 participants living in the same region and classified into case group (n = 201) and control group (n = 201). Phenol-chloroform method was used to extract DNA from blood samples of the study participants. The X-ray repair cross complementing 1 genotypes were determined using polymerase chain reaction-restriction/ fragment length polymorphism (PCR/RFLP) methods. Results: No statistically significant difference was found between the study groups in terms of allele and genotype frequencies in XRCC1 Arg194Trp polymorphism. However, distribution of XRCC1 399Gln allele frequency was found to differ at a statistically significant level between the case and the control groups (p = 0.003; OR = 1.56). Regarding the Arg/Arg genotype in Arg399Gln polymorphism, a statistically significant difference was detected in the distribution of Gln/Gln genotype (p = 0.017; adj OR = 3.11). Statistically significant differences were also recorded for Arg399Gln polymorphism among the smoking male participants with hypertension (p = 0.009;p = 0.031;p = 0.032, respectively). Conclusion: The study suggests that XRCC1 399Gln/Gln genotype may be a significant risk factor for coronary artery disease., Research Council of Cumhuriyet University (CUBAP) [F-340], This study was supported by the Research Council of Cumhuriyet University (CUBAP, Project No: F-340).

WOS: 000414069700024, PubMed ID: 29035780, Background and aims: Genetic and environmental factors are important components of the development of atherosclerosis. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNAs) have emerged as regulators of multiple pathophysiological pathways in the cardiovascular system. Here, we investigated potential associations between lncRNAs and atherosclerosis. Methods: Tissue samples from atherosclerotic coronary artery plaques and non-atherosclerotic internal mammary artery were obtained from 20 patients during coronary artery bypass surgery. Expression levels of five lncRNAs known to be associated with coronary artery disease were measured using quantitative PCR. Results: Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2B antisense RNA 1 (ANRIL) and myocardial infarction-associated transcript (MIAT) were more expressed in the atherosclerotic arteries compared to the non-atherosclerotic arteries. Metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) was less expressed in the atherosclerotic plaques. Expression levels of potassium voltage-gated channel, KQT-like subfamily, member 1 opposite strand/antisense transcript 1 (KCNQ1OT1) and hypoxia inducible factor 1A antisense RNA 2 (aHIF) were comparable between atherosclerotic and non-atherosclerotic arteries. In the atherosclerotic plaque, expression levels of MALAT1, MIAT, KCNQ1OT1 and aHIF were inversely correlated with age. Conclusions: We report significant associations between lncRNAs and atherosclerosis. These findings support a role for lncRNAs in coronary artery disease development. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved., Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK), Ankara, Turkey [115S044, 3001]; Ministry of Higher Education and Research of Luxembourg; Society for Research in Child Development, The present study was supported by The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK, project no: 115S044, project code: 3001), Ankara, Turkey. T.L. and Y.D. are supported by the Ministry of Higher Education and Research of Luxembourg and the Society for Research in Child Development.

Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is an infectious disease that is caused by CCHF virus. A family of transmembrane receptors called as Toll-like receptors (TLRs) selectively acts in recognizing a wide range of microbial components and endogenous molecules released by damaged tissue and have been preserved throughout evolution. TLRs initiate some signaling cascades which activate the innate immune system. Mainly four TLRs act in protection against viral infections; TLR3 is one of them. TLR3 identifies dsRNA. By producing inflammatory cytokines and type I interferons, it generates an antiviral immune response. Proper response to TLR ligands may be impaired by single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within TLR genes in some indviduals, and this can cause varied susceptibility to infections. In the present work, polymerase chain reaction-based restriction fragment length polymorphism is used to analyze the frequencies of TLR3 (c.1377C/T and -7C/A) polymorphisms in 149 CCHF patients and 171 healthy adults as controls, in Cumhuriyet University, Sivas/Turkey. We also investigated the relation between these polymorphisms and severity or mortality of CCHF disease. This is the first study investigating the TLR3 SNPs in patients with CCHF. In the present study, the frequency of the TLR3 (c.1377C/T and -7A/C) genotypes in fatal and non-fatal cases were comparable, however, the homozygous mutant (TT) genotype frequency of TLR3 c.1377C/T in CCHF patients was significantly higher than that of the healthy controls. In conclusion, presence of TLR3 c.1377 TT genotype may have a role in the susceptibility to CCHF. J. Med. Virol. 88:1690-1696, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Asenkron motorlar endüstride en fazla kullanılan motorlardır. Bu motorların geometrik ve tasarımsal bazı özellikleri değiştirilerek kullanım alanları çeşitlilik göstermiştir. Bu uygulama alanlarından biri de tarımsal sulama uygulamalarıdır. Dalgıç motor olarak kullanılan asenkron motorların; küçük çap, paket boyu uzunluğu ve çalışma ortamların farklılık göstermesi temel tasarım parametrelerini (akım yoğunluğu, sıcaklık, vb.) değiştirmektedir. Bu çalışmada; ANSYS-Maxwell paket programı kullanılarak 75KW (100Hp) dalgıç asenkron motorun analitik (RMxprt), sonlu elemanlar çözümü Maxwell 2D kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. RMxprt ve Maxwell 2D’de elde edilen çözüm sonuçları deneysel veriler ile karşılaştırılmıştır., Induction machines are the most popular due to their wide range of use in industry. Some properties of geometric structures and the schematic structures of these motors changed, so it has varied uses of the motor. One of these applications are in agricultural irrigations. If it used as submersible motor, it has small diameter, stacking length and variety of working area, basic design parameters (current density, temperature, etc.) will be changed. In this study, 100Hp submersible motor has been done as finite elements methods (Ansys Maxwell 2D program) with help of analytical way (RMxprt). By this way, electrical and magnetic parameters and quantities have been calculated. The results of using RMxprt and Ansys-Maxwell and application have been explored and compared.