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Abstract Water pollution presents a substantial environmental challenge with extensive implications for water resources, ecosystem sustainability, and human health. Using a South African catchment, this study aimed to provide watershed managers with a framework for selecting best management practices (BMPs) to reduce pollution and the related risk to river users, while also including the perspectives of key catchment stakeholders. The framework encompassed the identification of and consultation with key stakeholders within the catchment. A Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) methodology using the Simple Multi-Attribute Rating Technique for Enhanced Stakeholder Take-up (SMARTEST) was used to identify and prioritise suitable BMPs in a case study. Decision alternatives and assessment criteria as well as their weights were derived based on stakeholder responses to a two-stage survey. Stakeholders included those utilising the river for domestic and recreational purposes, municipal representatives, scientists, NGOs, and engineers. The assessment of decision alternatives considered environmental, economic, and social criteria. The aggregated scores for decision alternatives highlighted the significance of involving stakeholders throughout the decision process. This study recommends the pairing of structural and non-structural BMPs. The findings provide valuable insights for catchment managers, policymakers, and environmental stakeholders seeking inclusive and effective pollution mitigation strategies in a catchment.

Abstract It is often a challenge for a child to communicate their pain, and their possibilities to do so should be strengthened in healthcare settings. Digital self‐assessment provides a potential solution for person‐centered care in pain management and promotes child participation when a child is ill. A child's perception of pain assessment differs when it is assessed using digital or analog formats. As we move into the digital era, there is an urgent need to validate digital pain assessment tools, including the newly developed electronic Faces Thermometer Scale (eFTS). This study protocol describes three studies with the overall aim to evaluate psychometric properties of the eFTS for assessing pain in children 8–17 years of age. A multi‐site project design combining quantitative and qualitative methods will be used for three observational studies. Study 1: 100 Swedish‐speaking children will report the level of anticipated pain from vignettes describing painful situations in four levels of pain and a think‐aloud method will be used for data collection. Data will be analyzed with phenomenography as well as descriptive and comparative statistics. Study 2: 600 children aged 8–17 years at pediatric and dental settings in Sweden, Denmark, Iceland, and USA will be included. Children will assess their pain intensity due to medical or dental procedures, surgery, or acute pain using three different pain Scales for each time point; the eFTS, the Faces Pain Scale Revised, and the Coloured Analogue Scale. Descriptive and comparative statistics will be used, with subanalysis taking cultural context into consideration. Study 3: A subgroup of 20 children out of these 600 children will be purposely included in an interview to describe experiences of grading their own pain using the eFTS. Qualitative data will be analyzed with content analysis. Our pilot studies showed high level of adherence to the study procedure and rendered only a small revision of background questionnaires. Preliminary analysis indicated that the instruments are adequate to be used by children and that the analysis plan is feasible. A digital pain assessment tool contributes to an increase in pain assessment in pediatric care. The Medical Research Council framework for complex interventions in healthcare supports a thorough development of a new scale. By evaluating psychometric properties in several settings by both qualitative and quantitative methods, the eFTS will become a well‐validated tool to strengthen the child's voice within healthcare.

Introduction: This study aimed to understand the influence of diet and nutrition items on gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with Hirschsprung Disease (HD). Method: An online questionnaire was created to obtain patient-reported outcomes using the multinational Holistic Care in Hirschsprung Disease Network. This was distributed in Dutch, English, German, Italian, Polish, and Swedish via patient associations. Information on demographics, the extension of disease, current diet, and the influence of food ingredients on bowel function were obtained. Results: In total, 563 questionnaires were answered by parents or patients themselves. The length of the aganglionic segment was short in 33%, long in 45%, total colonic aganglionosis (TCA) in 11%, and involved the small intestine in 10%. Overall, 90% reported following a mixed diet, and 31% reported taking probiotics, with twice as many patients taking probiotics in the TCA group compared to standard HD. Mealtimes and behaviours around eating were affected by 61%, while 77% had established food items that worsened symptoms, and of these, 80% stated that they had worked these items out themselves. A high-fibre diet was followed by 24% and 18% a low-fibre diet. Symptoms were reported, particularly from dairy in 30%, fruits in 39%, pulses in 54%, and sugar in 48%. Conclusions: This first multinational survey on diet and bowel function in HD reports an association between certain dietary items with gastrointestinal symptoms. This study can support an improved understanding of the interaction between food items and bowel function in children with HD. We suggest a multidisciplinary approach to balance dietary exclusions and support adequate growth, preventing nutrition deficiencies and enhancing quality of life.

Abstract Background A specific eHealth device, a surf tablet, was developed for bridging between advanced in-hospital care and children’s homes. Since little is known about determinators for parental eHealth usage, the study’s aim was to explore if parents’ usage of the device was associated with their eHealth literacy, or their satisfaction with their child’s healthcare or with the specific surf tablet. Methods In this explorative usage and questionnaire study, parents to neonates who were discharged home after advanced in-hospital care were included. Their surf tablet usage at maximum 30 days after discharge was reported as frequency (%) of active days (usage days/days having the device) and median number of tablet activities (chat and photo) per usage day. eHealth literacy (eHealth Literacy Questionnaire; eHLQ), healthcare satisfaction (PedsQL Healthcare Satisfaction Generic Module), and satisfaction with the surf tablet were explored regarding tablet usage. Statistics were described in median (range) and (%) using non-parametric and regression models (p

Abstract Background Children with long-gap esophageal atresia (LGEA) risk living with aerodigestive morbidity and mental health difficulties. No previous study has investigated their experiences of schooling, despite the importance of schools in children’s development, learning and social relationships. We aimed to describe experiences of schooling in children with LGEA in Sweden in comparison with children with EA who had primary anastomosis. Method Children with LGEA aged 3–17 were recruited nationwide in Sweden. One parent completed a survey on their child’s school-based supports (according to definitions from the Swedish National Agency for Education), school absence, school satisfaction, school functioning (PedsQL 4.0), mental health (Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire) and current symptomatology. School data were compared between 26 children with LGEA to that from 95 children with EA who had PA, a hypothesized milder affected group. Mental health level was determined using validated norms; abnormal ≥ 90 percentile. Data were analyzed using descriptives, correlation and Mann–Whitney-U test. Significance level was p

Abstract Background Amphetamine use disorder (AMPH) and attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) often co-occur and are associated with poor treatment outcomes. Elevated impulsivity is a core feature in both disorders. Little is known however about the specific neurocognitive profile regarding different facets of impulsivity, and specifically impulsive choice, in comorbid populations. Methods Three groups (ADHD + AMPH, ADHD only and healthy controls (HC)) were assessed with self-reported impulsivity and cognitive tasks of impulsive choice, operationalized as delay aversion (DA) and reflection impulsivity. Results Twenty-nine participants with comorbid ADHD + AMPH, 25 participants with ADHD only and 116 HC completed screening, including self-rating scales, and cognitive testing. 20, 16 and 114 participants completed computerized cognitive tasks in the ADHD + AMPH group, ADHD group and HC group, respectively. The ADHD + AMPH group reported significantly higher motor, attentional and non-planning impulsiveness, and showed a significantly higher degree of impulsive choice, compared to both groups. There were no differences in task-related impulsiveness between ADHD only and HC. Conclusions The current findings suggest that individuals with ADHD + AMPH have overall elevated levels of impulsivity compared to individuals with ADHD only. In addition, that ADHD + AMPH is specifically associated with impairments in task-related impulsive choice, which was not found in ADHD only compared to HC. The neurocognitive profile in this specific patient group may represent a need for more systematic screening within healthcare settings in order to develop effective and targeted treatment for comorbid patients. Trial registration EudraCT, 2012–004298-20.

Abstract Background Although dietary adjustments are recommended frequently for bowel symptoms, evidence of diet’s impact on bowel function is lacking. The aim was to develop a patient-reported outcome instrument, for children with and without Hirschsprung’s disease (HD), to explore experiences of dietary effects on bowel function. Methods Children with and without HD and their parents participated. Questionnaire items regarding the impact of diet on bowel function originated from focus group discussions. Specific food items, reported in the literature or in focus groups to cause bowel functional effects, were listed requesting each item’s effect size and effect type. Content validity was tested within two separate semistructured interviews. A pilot test was performed. Assessing comprehension, relevance and wording clarity structurally, revisions were made accordingly. Children’s bowel function was assessed through the validated Rintala Bowel Function Score. Results A total of 13 children with and without HD, median age 7 (range 2–15) years, and 18 parents participated in the validation. Each question’s relevance had been ranked highly early in the validation process but most questions needed refining for improving clarity and comprehension. Wordings regarding bowel symptoms and emotions connected to food in particular were perceived to be sensitive and complex. Specifically wording regarding some bowel symptoms (gases, pain) and parental stress emotions (guilt, ambivalence) were, consistent with participants’ opinions, subjected to multiple step revisions. Following the validation process, which included two semistructure interviews with different participants and then a pilot test with a third cohort, a full track overview of changes and rewording made in all steps of the validation process was presented. The final questionnaire then comprised 13 questions assessing foods’ significance for bowel function, emotions, social impact and 90 specific food items’ possible effects and effect sizes on bowel function. Conclusions The Diet and Bowel Function questionnaire, enabling answering by children, was developed and the content validated qualitatively. This report presents insights into the whole validation process, declaring reasons for the selected question- and answering options, and their wordings. The Diet and Bowel Function questionnaire can be used as a survey questionnaire to enhance understanding of dietary effects on bowel function in children, and its results can be supportive in improving dietary-treatment programs.

Abstract Background Patients with prediabetes or diabetes are at increased risk of developing cardiovascular disease and adverse outcomes. First-line coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA) followed by selective use of positron emission tomography (PET) myocardial perfusion imaging is a feasible strategy to diagnose and risk-stratify patients with suspected coronary artery disease (CAD). The aim of the present study was to study whether diabetes changes the relationship of CAD and long-term outcome. Methods We retrospectively identified consecutive symptomatic patients who underwent coronary CTA for suspected CAD. In patients with suspected obstructive CAD on CTA, myocardial ischemia was evaluated by 15O-water PET myocardial perfusion imaging. The relationship of the phenotype of CAD and long-term outcome in patients with no diabetes, prediabetes, or type 2 diabetes was investigated. A composite endpoint included all-cause mortality, myocardial infarction (MI), and unstable angina pectoris (UAP). Results A total of 1743 patients were included: 1214 (70%) non-diabetic, 259 (15%) prediabetic, and 270 (16%) type 2 diabetic patients. During 6.43 years of median follow-up, 164 adverse events occurred (106 deaths, 41 MIs, 17 UAPs). The prevalence of normal coronary arteries on CTA was highest in the non-diabetic patients (39%). The prevalence of hemodynamically significant CAD (abnormal perfusion) increased from 14% in non-diabetic patients to 20% in prediabetic and 27% in diabetic patients. The event rate was lowest in patients with normal coronary arteries and highest in patients with concomitant type 2 diabetes and hemodynamically significant CAD (annual event rate 0.2% vs. 4.7%). However, neither prediabetes nor diabetes were independent predictors of the composite adverse outcome after adjustment for the clinical risk factors and imaging findings. Conclusions Coronary CTA followed by selective downstream use of PET myocardial perfusion imaging predicts long-term outcome similarly in non-diabetic and diabetic patients.

Abstract The Applied Nuclear Physics Group at Lund University has constructed a CANS (Compact Accelerator-driven Neutron Source). The CANS is based around a 3 MV, single-ended, Pelletron accelerator, which is used to impinge a 2.8 MeV deuterium beam into a beryllium target. The anticipated neutron production will be on the order of 1010 n/s in 4π sr, with future upgrades expected to increase neutron production to 1011 n/s. Neutron energy will be up to 9 MeV with peak emission at ∼5 MeV. Shielding and moderation will be provided by a large water tank surrounding the target, with exit ports to allow moderated neutrons to be directed to experiments. The thermal-neutron flux at the exit of the extraction ports is anticipated to be up to 106 n/cm2/s. The CANS will be used to forward the activities of the group in the area of neutron-activation analysis, in addition to a broader range of neutron related applications.

Abstract Background Optimizing rectal suction biopsy (RSB) diagnostics in Hirschsprung’s disease (HD) may shorten diagnostic time and prevent need for repeated biopsies. Aim To explore whether systematic orientation of fresh RSB specimens increased biopsy quality, diagnostic times, diagnostic efficacy, and histopathologic workload, and to explore these outcome measures for aganglionic specimens. Materials/Methods This was an observational case-control study conducted at a national referral center for HD on data collected from the local HD-diagnostic register. From 2019 each fresh RSB was oriented by the collector in a notch in a foam cushion, placed in a separate cassette, and sent in formalin for pathological analysis. Outcome measures of oriented RSB samples collected 2019–2021 were compared to those of non-oriented RSB samples collected 2015–2018. Staining/immunohistochemistry consisted of hematoxylin eosin, S-100 and calretinin. Results 78 children with 81 RSBs and 242 biopsy analyzes were included. The frequency of high-quality RSB specimens was higher in oriented: 40% (42/106) versus non-oriented 25% (34/136) (p = 0.018), the diagnostic turnaround time was shorter: 2 days (1–5) versus 3 days (2–8) (p = 0.015), and the number of additional sectioning/leveling/re-orientation per biopsy was lower: 7 (3–26) versus 16 (7–72) (p = 0.011). Specifically for aganglionic specimens, the frequency of high-quality biopsies was generally higher in oriented than in non-oriented RSB specimens: 47% (28/59) versus 14% (7/50) (p

The upscaling of novel carbon dioxide removal, such as bioenergy carbon capture and storage (BECCS), to gigatonne scales is an urgent priority if global warming is to be limited to well below 2 °C. But political, economic, social, technological, environmental and regulatory uncertainty permeates BECCS projects and deters investors. To address this, we explore options to improve the robustness of BECCS deployment strategies in the face of multi-dimensional uncertainties. We apply Dynamic Adaptive Planning (DAP) through expert interviews and Robust Decision Making (RDM) through exploratory modelling, two decision making under deep uncertainty methods, to the case of Stockholm Exergi, an early mover aiming to deploy BECCS at a combined heat and power plant in the capital of Sweden. The main contributions of the research are to 1) illustrate how a quantification of robustness against uncertainty can support an investment decision to deploy BECCS 2) comprehensively cover uncertain vulnerabilities and opportunities of deploying BECCS, and 3) identify critical scenarios and adaptations to manage these uncertainties. The main conclusions are: investing in BECCS is relatively robust if assessing performance across many scenarios and if comparing the worst-cases of either investing, or not doing so. Not investing could miss out on up to € 3.8 billion in terms of net present value. The critical uncertainties of BECCS can be managed by strengthening biomass sustainability strategies and by gaining support for negative emission trading regulation on carbon markets, e.g., voluntary or Paris Agreement Article 6. Even in vulnerable scenarios of average electricity prices above 82 €/MWh, if trading regulation is implemented before 2030 and if negative emission prices exceed 151 €/CO2, investing in BECCS performs better than not doing so in 96% of cases. We suggest that facility-level parameters and cost-reductions are of little importance for BECCS investments and upscaling. It is regulatory certainty of operating revenues, e.g., through negative emission markets, that needs to be provided by policymakers.

Abstract Aim The aim of the study was to describe different eHealth literacy domains among parents of children needing paediatric surgery in Sweden, and the correlation between these eHealth literacy domains and parents' socioeconomic factors and demographic characteristics. Design Descriptive correlational design. Method Thirty‐five Swedish‐speaking parents participated as a historical control group within an ongoing Swedish clinical trial developing eHealth solutions for families after hospital care; of these, 30 completed the eHealth Literacy Questionnaire and the socioeconomic and demographic questionnaire. Results Of the seven eHealth literacy domains assessed, parents' strengths lay in those pertaining to their own digital competence, control and safety, while their weakness concerned their motivation to engage with digital services, and their ability to access eHealth platforms that work. Overall, parents presented adequate eHealth literacy. Of the five socioeconomic and demographic variables assessed (i.e. monthly wages, education levels, age, gender and residency), monthly wages correlated the strongest, and positively, with the seven eHealth literacy domains.

Highlights • To confirm ganglionic bowel wall in Hirschsprung’s disease, intra-operative frozen biopsy samples are required. This means a prolonged anesthesia time and a more immediate diagnostic method is warranted. • Muscle layers’ thicknesses differ between aganglionic and ganglionic bowel walls in children with Hirshsprung’s disease. These findings could be transferred to instant imaging techniques. • See the attached Supplementary Figure 2

The following books are reviewed: James W. Aageson, Paul, the Pastoral Epistles, and the Early Church (James Starr) John J. Ahn, Exile as Forced Migrations: A Sociological, Literary, and Theological Approach on the Displacement and Resettlement of the Southern Kingdom of Judah (Lena-Sofia Tiemeyer) Harold W. Attridge, Essays on John and Hebrews (David Svärd) Richard Bauckham, Jesus and the God of Israel: ‘God Crucified’ and Other Studies on the New Testament’s Christology of Divine Identity (Anders Ekenberg) E. Ben Zvi and C. Levin (eds.), The Concept of Exile in Ancient Israel and Its Historical Contexts (Lena-Sofia Tiemeyer) Christoph Berner, Die Exoduserzählung: Das literarische Werden einer Ursprungslegende Israels (Göran Eidevall) Michael F. Bird, Crossing over Sea and Land: Jewish Missionary Activity in the Second Temple Period (Tobias Hägerland) John Byron, Cain and Abel in Text and Tradition: Jewish and Christian Interpretations of the First Sibling Rivalry (Lena-Sofia Tiemeyer) Jens Börstinghaus, Sturmfahrt und Schiffbruch. Zur lukanischen Verwendung eines literarischen Topos in Apostelgeschichte 27,1–28,6 (Tord Fornberg) Christopher L. Carter, The Great Sermon Tradition as a Fiscal Framework in 1 Corinthians: Towards a Pauline Theology of Material Possessions (Tobias Hägerland) David W. Chapman, Ancient Jewish and Christian Perceptions of Crucifixion (Torleif Elgvin) John Day (red.), Prophecy and Prophets in Ancient Israel (Stefan Green) Malin Ekström, Allvarsam parodi och möjlighetens melankoli. En queerteoretisk analys av Ruts bok (Mikael Larsson) Anthony Heacock, Jonathan Loved David: Manly Love in the Bible and the Hermeneutics of Sex (Mikael Larsson) Troels Engberg-Pedersen, Cosmology and Self in the Apostle Paul: The Material Spirit (Mathias Sånglöf) Hans Furuhagen, Bibeln och arkeologerna: Om tro, myter och historia (Magnus Ottosson) Martien A. Halvorson-Taylor, Enduring Exile: The Metaphorization of Exile in the Hebrew Bible (Lena-Sofia Tiemeyer) Katie M. Heffelfinger, I am Large, I Contain Multitudes: Lyric Cohesion and Conflict in Second Isaiah (Lena-Sofia Tiemeyer) Tom Holmén and Stanley E. Porter (red.), Handbook for the Study of the Historical Jesus (Lars-Göran Alm) Moyer V. Hubbard, Christianity in the Greco-Roman World: A Narrative Introduction (Hanna Stenström) Kristin Joachimsen, Identities in Transition: The Pursuit of Isa. 52:13–53:12 (Lena-Sofia Tiemeyer) James A. Kelhoffer, Persecution, Persuasion and Power: Readiness to Withstand Hardship as a Corroboration of Legi-imacy in the New Testament (Birger Olsson) Helen Kraus, Gender Issues in Ancient and Reformation Translations of Genesis 1–4 (Lena-Sofia Tiemeyer) Hans Leander, Discourses of Empire: The Gospel of Mark from a Postcolonial Perspective (Hanna Stenström) Margaret Y. MacDonald, Colossians, Ephesians (Martin Wessbrandt) Jodi Magness, Stone and Dung, Oil and Spit: Jewish Daily Life in the Time of Jesus (Bim Berglund) Hilary Marlow, Biblical Prophets and Contemporary Environmental Ethics: Re-Reading Amos, Hosea, and First Isaiah (Lena-Sofia Tiemeyer) Marko Marttila, Collective Reinterpretation in the Psalms (Stig Norin) Eric F. Mason och Kevin B. McCruden (red.), Reading the Epistle to the Hebrews: A Resource for Students (David Börjesson) Jason Maston, Divine and Human Agency in Second Temple Judaism and Paul (Blaženka Scheuer) Margaret M. Mitchell, Paul, the Corinthians and the Birth of Christian Hermeneutics (Jennifer Nyström) Halvor Moxnes, Jesus and the Rise of Nationalism: A New Quest for the Nineteenth-Century Historical Jesus (Hans Leander) Mogens Müller, The Expression ‘Son of Man’ and the Development of Christology: A History of Interpretation (Tobias Hägerland) Birger Olsson, Johannesbreven (Jonas Holmstrand) Stellan Ottosson, Jesus, Paulus och kärleken (Tobias Månsson) Mladen Popovíc (ed.), Authoritative Scriptures in Ancient Judaism (Torleif Elgvin) Stanley E. Porter (ed.), Paul’ s World (James Starr) Volker Rabens, The Holy Spirit and Ethics in Paul: Trans- formation and Empowering for Religious-Ethical Life (Samuel Svensson) Kent Aaron Reynolds, Torah as Teacher: The Exemplary Torah Student in Psalm 119 (LarsOlov Eriksson) Anders Runesson, O att du slet itu himlen och steg ner: Om Jesus, Jonas Gardell och Guds andedräkt (Tord Fornberg) Anna Runesson, Exegesis in the Making: Postcolonialism and New Testament Studies (Hans Leander) Heikki Räisänen, The Rise of Christian Beliefs: The Thought World of Early Christians (Anders Runesson) Klaus Seybold, Studien zu Sprache und Stil der Psalmen (LarsOlov Eriksson) Craig A. Smith, Timothy’ s Task, Paul’ s Prospect: A New Reading of 2 Timothy (James Starr) Lena-Sofia Tiemeyer, For the Comfort of Zion: The Geographical and Theological Location of Isaiah 40–55 (Göran Eidevall) Jakob Wöhrle, Die frühen Sammlungen des Zwölfprophetenbuches (Lena-Sofia Tiemeyer) Jakob Wöhrle, Der Abschluss des Zwölfprophetenbuches (Lena-Sofia Tiemeyer)

The following books are reviewed: Klaus-Peter Adam, Friedrich Avemarie och Nili Wazana (red.), Law and Narrative in the Bible and in Neighbouring Ancient Cultures (Josef Forsling) Stephen P. Ahearne-Kroll, Paul A. Holloway och James A. Kelhoffer (red.), Women and Gender in Ancient Religions: Interdisciplinary Approaches (Hanna Stenström) Dale C. Allison, Volker Leppin, Choon-Leong Seow, Hermann Spieckermann, Barry Dov Walfish och Eric Ziolkowski (red.), Encyclopedia of the Bible and Its Reception, v. 3 (Göran Eidevall) Dale C. Allison, Volker Leppin, Choon-Leong Seow, Hermann Spieckermann, Barry Dov Walfish och Eric Ziolkowski (red.), Encyclopedia of the Bible and Its Reception, v. 5 (Mikael Larsson) Joseph L. Angel, Otherworldly and Eschatological Priesthood in the Dead Sea Scrolls (Torleif Elgvin) Eve-Marie Becker och Anders Runesson (red.), Mark and Matthew I: Comparative Readings: Understanding the Earliest Gospels in their First-century Settings (Tobias Hägerland) Bob Becking, Ezra, Nehemiah, and the Construction of Early Jewish Identity (Lena-Sofia Tiemeyer) April D. DeConick, Holy Misogyny: Why the Sex and Gender Conflicts in the Early Church Still Matter (Hanna Stenström) Daniel R. Driver, Brevard Childs, Biblical Theologian: For the Church’ s One Bible (LarsOlov Eriksson) Göran Eidevall och Blaženka Scheuer (red.), Enigmas and Images: Studies in Honor of Tryggve N. D. Mettinger (Stig Norin) Weston W. Fields, The Dead Sea Scrolls: A Full History (Cecilia Wassén) Miriam Goldstein, Karaite Exegesis in Medieval Jerusalem: The Judeo-Arabic Pentateuch Commentary of Yūsuf ibn Nūḥ and Abū al-Faraj Hārūn (Lena- Sofia Tiemeyer) Leif Hongisto, Experiencing the Apocalypse at the Limits of Alterity (Hanna Stenström) Jan Joosten, The Verbal System of Biblical Hebrew: A New Synthesis Elaborated on the Basis of Classical Prose (Ulf Bergström) Christos Karakolis, Karl-Wilhelm Niebuhr och Sviatoslav Rogalsky (red.), Gospel Images of Jesus Christ in Church Tradition and in Biblical Scholarship (Mikael Sundkvist) Thomas Kazen, Issues of Impurity in Early Judaism (Cecilia Wassén) Chris Keith, Jesus’ Literacy: Scribal Culture and the Teacher from Galilee (Tobias Ålöw) Anthony Le Donne, The Historiographical Jesus: Memory, Typology, and the Son of David (Jennifer Nyström) Kenneth Liljeström (red.), The Early Reception of Paul (Martin Wessbrandt) Aren M. Maeir, Jodi Magness and Lawrence H. Schiffman (ed.), ‘Go Out and Study the Land’ (Judges 18:2): Archaeological, Historical and Textual Studies in Honor of Hanan Eshel (Torleif Elgvin) David L. Mathewson, Verbal Aspect in the Book of Revelation: The Function of Greek Verb Tenses in John’s Apocalypse (Jan H. Nylund) Robert K. McIver, Memory, Jesus, and the Synoptic Gospels (Jennifer Nyström) Sun Myung Lyu, Righteousness in the Book of Proverbs (Bo Johnson) Stefan Nordenson, Genom honom skapades allt: En exegetisk studie om Kristi preexistens och medlarfunktion i Nya testamentet (Hanna Stenström) Stefan Nordgaard Svendsen, Allegory Transformed: The Appropriation of Philonic Hermeneutics in the Letter to the Hebrews (Johannes Imberg) Donna Lee Petter, The Book of Ezekiel and Mesopotamian City Laments (Lena-Sofia Tiemeyer) Stanley E. Porter, Jeffrey T. Reed och Matthew Brook O’Donnell, Fundamentals of New Testament Greek (Jan H. Nylund) Stanley E. Porter och Jeffrey T. Reed, Fundamentals of New Testament Greek: Workbook (Jan H. Nylund) Karl Olav Sandnes, The Gospel ‘According to Homer and Virgil’: Cento and Canon (Maria Sturesson) Tanja Schultheiss, Das Petrusbild im Johannesevangelium (Finn Damgaard) William A. Tooman, Gog of Magog: Reuse of Scripture and Compositional Technique in Ezekiel 38–39 (Lena-Sofia Tiemeyer) Paul Trebilco, Self-designations and Group Identity in the New Testament (Rikard Roitto) Caroline Vander Stichele och Hugh Pyper (red.), Text, Image, and Otherness in Children’s Bibles: What Is in the Picture? (Mikael Larsson) Patricia Walters, The Assumed Authorial Unity of Luke and Acts: A Reassessment of the Evidence (Carl Johan Berglund) Amanda Witmer, Jesus, the Galilean Exorcist: His Exorcisms in Social and Political Context (Jennifer Nyström)

Diarrhoeal disease continues to be a major health problem in many parts of the world, especially in developing countries, mainly due to the lack of access to sanitation, water, and hygienic living conditions. Identifying the determinants of diarrhoeal infections continues to be a challenge in developing countries. In this study, we ascertained the factors behind diarrhoea among inhabitants of informal settlements in the city of Durban, South Africa. Prevalence of diarrhoea in the study area varied between 7-year historical clinical records and data collected during the current study (primary data), with the primary data giving the highest monthly prevalence odds ratio (POR) up to 18.1 (±1.6)%. The main factors associated with diarrhoeal infections were open defaecation (POR = 1.8; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.9–3.12), use of shared sanitation (POR = 1.7; 95%; CI: 1.05–2.26), and exposure to faecal matter around the homes (POR = 1.69; 95% CI: 1.25–3.10). Several other factors were also determined to be associated with diarrhoeal infections, such as hygiene practices in the communities, the non-treatment of water before use, and the presence of solid waste and faecal materials around the households. This study shows that diarrhoeal disease infections in informal settlements could be multifactorial; therefore, a multifactorial approach is needed to reduce these infections. These could include improving education on hygiene practices within the home setting as well as in public places, such as the community ablution blocks. HIGHLIGHTS Prevalence of diarrhoea in informal settlements in South Africa is high compared to the national diarrhoeal prevalence.; The main factors associated with increased risks of diarrhoea included the use of these community ablution blocks (CABs), poor hygiene, open defaecation, use of communal water, and poor household conditions.; There was no spatial relationship between the high diarrhoeal cases in households and the location of the CABs.;

Abstract Background In recent years a variety of eHealth solutions has been introduced to enhance efficiency and to empower patients, leading to a more accessible and equitable health care system. Within pediatric care eHealth has been advocated to reduce emergency and hospital outpatient visits, with many parents preferring eHealth to physical visits following the transition from hospital to home. Still, not many studies have focused on access from the parental perspective. Therefore, the aim of the study was to analyze access to health care as perceived by parents when caring for their child at home, with conventional care supported by eHealth following pediatric surgery or preterm birth. Methods Twenty-five parents who went home with their child following hospitalization and received conventional care supported by eHealth (a tablet) were interviewed in this qualitative study. Directed content analysis was used, guided by a framework for dimensions of access previously described as: approachability, acceptability, affordability, appropriateness, and availability. Results All dimensions of access were present in the material with the dimensions of approachability, appropriateness and acceptability most frequently emphasized. The dimensions highlighted a strong acceptance of eHealth, which was perceived by the parents as beneficial, particularly access to communication with health care personnel familiar to them. The chat function of the tablet was often mentioned as positive. A new dimension was also identified: “aperture.” It is defined by the pathways by which communication is transmitted in cyberspace, and these pathways are not easily visualized for parents submitting information, therefore generating concerns. Conclusions Parents generally experienced good access to the eHealth-supported health care. Describing access through its dimensions complemented previous descriptions of eHealth in pediatric care and gave new insights. As such, the new dimension of “aperture”, the indeterminate opening of pathways of communication reflecting the uncertainty of not comprehending cyberspace, could be further evaluated. The dimensional framework of access is recommended when evaluating eHealth in the future. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT04150120.

Abstract Background In 10–15% of children with esophageal atresia (EA) delayed reconstruction of esophageal atresia (DREA) is necessary due to long-gap EA and/or prematurity/low birth weight. They represent a patient subgroup with high risk of complications. We aimed to evaluate postoperative morbidity and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in a Swedish national cohort of children with DREA. Methods Postoperative morbidity, age-specific generic HRQOL (PedsQL™ 4.0) and condition-specific HRQOL (The EA-QOL questionnaires) in children with DREA were compared with children with EA who had primary anastomosis (PA). Factors associated with the DREA group’s HRQOL scores were analyzed using Mann–Whitney U-test and Spearman’s rho. Clinical data was extracted from the medical records. Significance level was p 0.05). More children with DREA underwent esophageal dilatations (both age groups), gastrostomy feeding (2–7 years), and antireflux treatment (8–18 years), p

South African rivers generally receive waste from inadequate wastewater infrastructure, mines, and farming activities, among others. The uMsunduzi River in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, is among these recipients with recorded poor to very poor water quality. To identify parts of the uMsunduzi River that are polluted by Cryptosporidium and Escherichia coli (E. coli), this study mapped out pollutants emanating from point and non-point sources using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT). Streamflow calibration in the upper and lower reaches of the catchment showed good performance with R2 of 0.64 and 0.58, respectively. SWAT water quality output data were combined with a Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment (QMRA) to understand the microbial health implications for people using river water for drinking, recreational swimming, and non-competitive canoeing. QMRA results for Cryptosporidium and pathogenic E. coli showed that the probability of infection for most users exceeds the acceptable level for drinking and recreation as outlined in the South African water quality guidelines, and by the World Health Organization (WHO). The results of this study can be used as a baseline to assess the economic and health implications of different management plans, resulting in better-informed, cost-effective, and impactful decision-making. HIGHLIGHTS SWAT model identified areas of the uMsunduzi River that were polluted by Cryptosporidium and E. coli.; SWAT water quality output data were used in QMRA.; QMRA investigated the impacts of river water on canoeists, recreational swimmers, and those who drink the water.; uMsunduzi River water is not suitable for drinking and recreation according to QMRA results.; These results can inform policies and decision-making within the catchment.;

Plain English summary The current paper brings together existing knowledge on experiences of eating disorders. We were interested in the views of patients, family members and health care professionals. A literature search identified 17 systematic reviews which addressed these questions. The identified research focused mainly on girls and young women with anorexia nervosa, while research on other eating disorders was limited. Overall, this review suggests that it is important to acknowledge that patients, family members and health care professionals may have different experiences and views regarding treatment of eating disorders, and that it is important to consider all these views in the development of the care of eating disorders.

BackgroundImproved education on water-related diseases in schools could help to reduce disease burden. This paper presents specific results on knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) of a cluster-randomized controlled trial to reduce diarrheal disease and dengue entomological risk factors in rural primary schools in Colombia. The aim was to investigate whether enhanced educational interventions on dengue and diarrheal disease in schools could improve KAP scores related to these diseases in students and teachers in rural primary schools, as well as the students' parents.Methodology/principal findingsA factorial cluster-randomized controlled trial was carried out in 35 rural primary schools in two municipalities in Cundinamarca, central Colombia. Schools were randomized into four arms: interventions related to diarrheal disease (DIA), dengue (DEN), both (DIADEN), or no interventions (control, CON). Both educational and physical interventions to reduce risk factors of dengue and diarrhea were implemented. Comprehensive teachers' manuals were developed and deployed to guide the learning activities. The intervention was carried out over two school years. The knowledge scores of students receiving dengue interventions (DEN, DIADEN) increased by 1.16 point score (0.75-1.56, pConclusions/significanceThere were increases in knowledge scores among students, their teachers and their parents for both diseases. However, the attitudes and practices components were not affected to the same extent. The hypothesis that the students would disseminate knowledge acquired from the educational interventions to their parents was confirmed for dengue, but not for diarrhea.Trial registrationISRCTN40195031 The trial is registered in the Current Controlled Trials under Infections and Infestations category.

Hirschspung’s disease (HD) is a congenital gastrointestinal (GI) disorder frequently accompanied by GI complaints. Despite the lack of evidence regarding whether diet affects GI symptoms, advice on dietary changes is common. The aim was to investigate self-reported dietary effects on GI symptoms, comparing children with HD with healthy children. This was an observational, cross-sectional, self-reported case-control study using the validated Diet and Bowel Function questionnaire. All children with HD aged 1–18 years were surgically treated during 2003–2021 at a national HD center, and their parents were invited to participate. Healthy children served as controls. The data were presented as median (range) and n (%). 71/85 children with HD (6 years (1–17); 76% boys) and 265/300 controls (9 years (1–18); 52% boys) participated. Dietary effects on GI symptoms were reported more frequently by children with HD than controls (55/71 [77%] vs. 137/265 [52%], p ≤ 0.001), as were dietary adjustments to improve GI symptoms (49/71 [69%] vs. 84/265 [32%], p ≤ 0.001), and social limitations due to dietary adjustments (20/48 [42%] vs. 22/121 [18%], p = 0.002). Of 90 food items, children with HD reported that more of the items induced GI symptoms compared to controls (7 (0–66) vs. 2 (0–34), p = 0.001). Diet-induced GI symptoms and dietary adjustments’ impact on daily life are reported more frequently by children with HD than controls. Moreover, the number and types of food items causing GI symptoms differ. The results indicate the need for disease-specific dietary advice to improve support for families of children with HD.

Access to healthcare can facilitate parents’ self-management of their children’s care. Healthcare access can be described as consisting of six dimensions: approachability, acceptability, affordability, availability, appropriateness, and aperture. The aim of this study was to analyse these dimensions of healthcare access experienced by parents caring for their children at home following paediatric surgery. The method-directed content analysis, conducted with the six-dimensional framework of access to healthcare as a guide, was used to analyse twenty-two interviews with parents of children treated with paediatric surgery. All six dimensions were represented in the results. Acceptability was the most frequent dimension, followed by appropriateness and approachability. Affordability, availability, and aperture were less represented. Although access to healthcare after paediatric surgery is generally appropriate and approachable, parents may experience insecurity in performing the self-management needed. Complementary forms of information provision, e.g., telemedicine, can be valuable in this regard.

Ultra-high-frequency ultrasound (UHFUS) has a reported potential to differentiate between aganglionic and ganglionic bowel wall, referred to as histoanatomical differences. A good correlation between histoanatomy and UHFUS of the bowel wall has been proven. In order to perform more precise and objective histoanatomical morphometrics, the main research objective of this study was to develop a computer program for the assessment and automatic calculation of the histoanatomical morphometrics of the bowel wall in UHFUS images. A computer program for UHFUS diagnostics was developed and presented. A user interface was developed in close collaboration between pediatric surgeons and biomedical engineers, to enable interaction with UHFUS images. Images from ex vivo bowel wall samples of 23 children with recto-sigmoid Hirschsprung’s disease were inserted. The program calculated both thickness and amplitudes (image whiteness) within different histoanatomical bowel wall layers. Two observers assessed the images using the program and the inter-observer variability was evaluated. There was an excellent agreement between observers, with an intraclass correlation coefficient range of 0.970–0.998. Bland–Altman plots showed flat and narrow distributions. The mean differences ranged from 0.005 to 0.016 mm in thickness and 0 to 0.7 in amplitude units, corresponding to 1.1–3.6% and 0.0–0.8% from the overall mean. The computer program enables and ensures objective, accurate and time-efficient measurements of histoanatomical thicknesses and amplitudes in UHFUS images of the bowel wall. The program can potentially be used for several bowel wall conditions, accelerating research within UHFUS diagnostics.

In their efforts to find others who share their experiential reality and existential struggle, many involuntarily childless women turn to Instagram to engage and participate in the practice of trying-to-conceive (TTC) communication. Through the conceptual lens of digital existence, where the digital and online are regarded as constitutive of existential transition, we draw on ten interviews and an online ethnography to explore some of the struggles that involuntarily childless women experience with and through technology. We find that TTC communication can be constitutive of coming to terms with the status of involuntary childlessness. In particular, this study illustrates that TTC communication, for involuntarily childless women, is both a site of struggle and a safe space as they transition to nonmotherhood in an existential terrain where they share an intimate journey.

The IFLA Trend Report identified five trends that will impact the information environment (IFLA, 2015), such as access to information with new technologies, online education for global learning, hyper-connected communities, and the global information environment. The faculty at San José State University (SJSU) School of Information (iSchool) is engaged in a wide range of activities that focus on these trends--benefiting students, enhancing faculty professional development, and extending the school's impact on the global information environment. The importance of incorporating global perspectives in the curriculum to reflect changes in the way that communities around the world access and share information is the focus of numerous studies. The SJSU iSchool has been an early adopter of various practices to increase the range of international education, outreach, and research initiatives. This article provides examples of curricular, research, and collaborative projects that our faculty has developed, both for our students and for the global community of information professionals. Key initiatives presented include virtually abroad global projects, globalization of LIS curriculum, international LIS internships, international project-based learning, faculty professional development, and international collaborations. Collectively, these initiatives demonstrate the diverse ways the iSchool is addressing the need in higher education to reach across national borders, especially in the information field.

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Abstract Background Surgical safety during posterior sagittal anorectal plasty (PSARP) for anorectal malformations (ARM) depends on accurate pre-operative fistula localization. This study aimed to evaluate accuracy of pre-operative fistula diagnostics. Methods Ethical approval was obtained. Diagnostic accuracy of pre-PSARP symptoms (stool in urine, urine in passive ostomy, urinary tract infection) and examination modalities (voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG), high-pressure colostogram, cystoscopy and ostomy endoscopy) were compared to final intra-operative ARM-type classification in all male neonates born with ARM without a perineal fistula treated at a tertiary pediatric surgery center during 2001–2020. Results The 38 included neonates underwent reconstruction surgery through PSARP with diverted ostomy. Thirty-one (82%) had a recto-urinary tract fistula and seven (18%) no fistula. Ostomy endoscopy yielded the highest diagnostic accuracy for fistula presence (22 correctly classified/24 examined cases; 92%), and pre-operative symptoms the lowest (21/38; 55%). For pre-operative fistula level determination, cystoscopy yielded the highest diagnostic accuracy (14/20; 70%), followed by colostogram (23/35; 66%), and VCUG (21/36; 58%). No modality proved to be statistically superior to any other. Conclusions Ostomy endoscopy has the highest diagnostic accuracy for fistula presence, and cystoscopy and high-pressure colostogram for fistula level determination. Correct pre-operative ARM-typing reached a maximum of 60–70%.

It has been shown that ultra-high frequency (UHF) ultrasound applied to the external bowel wall can delineate the histo-anatomic layers in detail and distinguish normal bowel from aganglionosis. This would potentially reduce or lessen the need for biopsies that are currently mandatory for the diagnosis of Hirschsprung’s disease. However, to our knowledge, no suitable rectal probes for such a use are on the market. The aim was to define the specifications of an UHF transrectal ultrasound probe (50 MHz center frequency) suitable for use in infants. Probe requirements according to patient anatomy, clinicians’ requests, and biomedical engineering UHF prerequisites were collected within an expert group. Suitable probes on the market and in clinical use were reviewed. The requirements were transferred into the sketching of potential UHF ultrasound transrectal probes followed by their 3D prototype printing. Two prototypes were created and tested by five pediatric surgeons. The larger and straight 8 mm head and shaft probe was preferred as it facilitated stability, ease of anal insertion, and possible UHF technique including 128 piezoelectric elements in a linear array. We hereby present the procedure and considerations behind the development of a proposed new UHF transrectal pediatric probe. Such a device can open new possibilities for the diagnostics of pediatric anorectal conditions.